CN103532341B - A kind of permanent-magnet eddy current speed regulator of quick adjustable magnetic - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a permanent-magnet eddy-current governor for fast magnetic regulation, which comprises: a reduction motor (1), a brush (2), a bevel gear mechanism (3), a load Shaft (4), slip ring (5), right bearing (6), inner rotor (7), right end cover of permanent magnet rotor (8), right end ring (9), magnetism adjusting ring (10), permanent magnet rotor (11 ), rotor left end cover (12), left bearing (13), motor drive shaft (14), left end cover (15), left end ring (16), driving end iron core (17); the geared motor (1) is fixed on The shaft extension end of the inner rotor (7) and the output shaft of the reduction motor (1) are connected to the bevel gear mechanism (3), and the brush (2) is in sliding contact with the slip ring (5) and remains electrically connected. The invention adjusts the size of the reluctance inside the permanent magnet through the magnetic adjusting ring, thereby changing the magnetic field intensity outside the permanent magnet rotor and realizing the purpose of adjusting the coupling torque and speed.

Description

A permanent magnet eddy current governor with fast magnetic adjustment

Technical field:

The invention relates to a permanent-magnet eddy-current speed regulating device, in particular to a permanent-magnet eddy-current adjuster for fast magnetic adjustment, which belongs to the technical field of permanent-magnet eddy-current transmission.

Background technique:

Generally, mechanical transmission mainly connects the load to the power shaft through mechanical equipment through chain transmission, friction transmission, hydraulic transmission, gear transmission and belt transmission. Mechanical transmission has problems such as mechanical wear and high-frequency oscillation. In addition, although the peak value of the starting current has nothing to do with the size of the load when the motor is started, direct starting with a large load will prolong the starting time of the motor, increase the heat and temperature rise of the motor, and affect the service life of the motor. In order to avoid this problem, the user should increase the motor capacity as much as possible when selecting the motor type, which not only increases the cost investment, but also causes the phenomenon of large motors and small carts, reduces efficiency and increases power loss, and wastes a lot of energy.

The permanent magnet eddy current drive can isolate the motor and the driven shaft, reduce high-frequency vibration and noise, reduce the adverse effects of load disturbance on the motor operating point, greatly improve the operating efficiency of the entire system, and have a long working life without harmonic pollution The advantages. And the permanent magnet drive can play the role of soft start and enhance the motor's ability to start with load.

The general structure of the permanent magnet transmission is: the permanent magnets with alternating magnetic poles are arranged on the inner side of the inner rotor or the outer side of the outer rotor in a surface-mounted or embedded manner, which is called a permanent magnet rotor; correspondingly, the conductor rotor is opposite to the permanent magnets. The permanent magnet rotor and the conductor rotor are arranged coaxially, and both can rotate freely and independently.

The working principle of the permanent magnet transmission is: when the motor drive shaft drives the conductor rotor to rotate, due to the relative motion between the permanent magnet rotor and the conductor rotor, according to the law of electromagnetic induction, the magnetic field line cuts the guide bar on the conductor rotor, and generates motion on the guide bar. Eddy current is generated under the excitation of moving potential, and at the same time, the induced magnetic field generated by the current interacts with the magnetic field of the permanent magnet to pull the permanent magnet rotor to move. Due to the two-way flow of energy, the permanent magnet rotor can also be used as a driving shaft, and the conductor rotor can be used as a driven shaft, and the speed regulation method is the same.

Patent ZL200710134483.4 proposes to adjust the air gap magnetic field strength by adjusting the length of the air gap between the permanent magnet and the conductor rotor, and control the magnitude of the coupling torque to achieve the purpose of load speed regulation, and proposes a corresponding device—air gap regulator. However, in practical applications, since the length of the air gap is not large, and the range is only within a few millimeters to a few centimeters, the attractive force between the permanent magnet and the conductor rotor is very large, not only the mechanism is difficult to realize, but also the air gap adjustment Accuracy and smoothness are not guaranteed. In addition, the coupling torque can be adjusted by adjusting the meshing length between the permanent magnet rotor and the conductor rotor, so as to realize load speed regulation. However, as the meshing area of the permanent magnet rotor decreases, part of the permanent magnet will be directly exposed, and it will attract surrounding magnets. Metal fragments, magnetic dust in the air, machine tools, etc. These sundries are attracted to the surface of the permanent magnet rotor and even enter the working air gap, which will seriously affect the normal operation of the governor.

The present invention adopts the method of neither changing the length of the working air gap nor changing the meshing area of the permanent magnet rotor, and through the ingenious design of the permanent magnet eddy current governor, the strength of the air gap magnetic field can be flexibly adjusted to achieve stepless adjustment of the shaft transmission torque and speed Purpose.

Invention content:

Technical problem: The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet eddy current transmission with large transmission power, large output torque adjustment range, large output per unit volume, and real-time adjustment of working conditions (including torque speed and output power) device.

Technical solution: In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a permanent magnet eddy current governor with fast magnetic adjustment, which includes: a reduction motor, a brush, a bevel gear mechanism, a load Shaft, slip ring, right bearing, inner rotor, permanent magnet rotor right end cover, right end ring, magnetic adjustment ring, permanent magnet rotor, rotor left end cover, left bearing, motor drive shaft, left end cover, left end ring, driving end core, guide strip;

The deceleration motor is fixed on the shaft extension end of the inner rotor, the output shaft of the deceleration motor is connected to the bevel gear mechanism, the brush and the slip ring are in sliding contact and kept electrically connected, and the work required by the deceleration motor is provided by the brush and the slip ring Power supply, one end of the bevel gear mechanism is fixedly connected to the load shaft, the inner side of the inner rotor is connected to the left bearing and the right bearing, the relative movement between the inner rotor and the load shaft is made through the left bearing and the right bearing, and the outer side of the inner rotor is connected to the magnetic adjustment The ring is rigidly connected, and the outer side of the magnetic adjustment ring is a ring-shaped permanent magnet rotor. The two sides of the permanent magnet rotor are respectively connected with the right end cover of the permanent magnet rotor and the left end cover of the permanent magnet rotor. The left end cover of the permanent magnet rotor is rigidly connected with the load shaft. The outer side of the permanent magnet rotor is the ring-shaped driving end iron core. The magnetic field coupling is realized through the air gap between the driving end iron core and the permanent magnet rotor. There are a number of slots evenly distributed along the circumference on the driving end iron core facing the air gap, and each slot There is a guide bar in the middle, and the two ends of the guide bar are respectively shorted by the left end ring and the right end ring to form a cage structure conductor;

The left side of the iron core at the driving end is connected to the left end cover, and the left end cover is rigidly connected to the drive shaft. The drive shaft of the motor, the left end cover, the left end ring, the right end ring, the driving end iron core and the guide bar form the driving part of the governor.

Preferably, the permanent magnet rotor adopts a structure in which permanent magnets and iron cores are alternated, wherein the magnetization directions of adjacent permanent magnets are opposite to each other, forming N-S-S-N polarities opposite each other; The magnets are formed in the form of alternating phases in sequence.

Preferably, the inner rotor and the magnetic adjusting ring rotate around the load axis to change the relative position of the magnetic adjusting ring and the permanent magnet rotor, so as to quickly adjust the air gap magnetic field and realize the adjustment of the load speed.

Beneficial effects: the present invention adjusts the size of the reluctance inside the permanent magnet through the magnetic adjusting ring, thereby changing the magnetic field strength outside the permanent magnet rotor, and realizing the purpose of adjusting the coupling torque and speed.

Due to the structure of the magnetic adjustment ring, the vertical force required to adjust the air gap is converted into the torque required to rotate the magnetic adjustment ring, which greatly reduces the driving force, and due to the use of a reduction motor fixed on the inner rotor and a bevel gear to adjust The mechanism improves the flexibility and stability of real-time speed regulation, and has the advantages of compact structure, suitable for high-power applications and fast response. In addition, the air gap of the governor is always kept constant, and the quick adjustment can be realized by rotating the magnetic adjustment ring. At the same time, the magnetic modulation structure of the present invention avoids the part of the permanent magnet rotor exposed outside the air gap, and better solves the problem of impurities being sucked into the air gap.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the sectional view of permanent magnet eddy current governor of the present invention

Figure 2 is a top view of the permanent magnet rotor

Figure 3 is a top view of the magnetic ring

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the minimum output state

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the maximum output state

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the bevel gear governor

Deceleration motor 1, brush 2, bevel gear mechanism 3, load shaft 4, slip ring 5, right bearing 6, inner rotor 7, permanent magnet rotor right end cover 8, right end ring 9, magnetic adjustment ring 10, permanent magnet rotor 11, Rotor left end cover 12, left bearing 13, motor drive shaft 14, left end cover 15, left end ring 16, driving end iron core 17, guide bar 18, permanent magnet 19, iron core 20, magnetizer 21, non-magnetizer 22.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

It can be seen from Fig. 1 that the permanent magnet eddy current governor with fast magnetic adjustment uses a magnetic adjustment ring to adjust the air gap magnetic field strength, including a geared motor 1, a brush 2, a bevel gear mechanism 3, a load shaft 4, a slip ring 5, Right bearing 6, inner rotor 7, permanent magnet rotor right end cover 8, right end ring 9, magnetic adjustment ring 10, permanent magnet rotor 11, rotor left end cover 12, left bearing 13, motor drive shaft 14, left end cover 15, left end ring 16 , Drive end iron core 17, guide bar 18, permanent magnet 19, iron core 20, magnetizer 21, non-magnetizer 22.

The geared motor 1 is fixed on the shaft extension end of the inner rotor 7, the output shaft of the geared motor is connected to the bevel gear mechanism 3, the brush 2 is in sliding contact with the slip ring 5 and remains electrically connected, and the brush and the slip ring provide The working power required by the reduction motor 1, one end of the bevel gear mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the load shaft 4, the inner side of the inner rotor 7 is connected to the left bearing 13 and the right bearing 6, and the inner rotor 7 of the bearing is connected to the load shaft 4. Relatively movable, the outer side of the inner rotor 7 is rigidly connected with the magnetic adjustment ring 10, and the outer side of the magnetic adjustment ring is a ring-shaped permanent magnet rotor 11, and the two sides of the permanent magnetic rotor 11 are connected with the right end cover 8 of the permanent magnet rotor and the left end of the permanent magnet rotor The cover 12 is connected, and the left end cover 12 of the permanent magnet rotor is rigidly connected with the load shaft 4. The outer side of the permanent magnet rotor 11 is a ring-shaped driving end iron core 17, and the magnetic field coupling is realized through an air gap between the driving end iron core 17 and the permanent magnet rotor 11. There are a plurality of grooves evenly distributed along the circumference on the driving end iron core 17 facing the air gap, and a guide bar 18 is placed in each groove, and the two ends of the guide bar 18 are respectively shorted by the left end ring 16 and the right end ring 9 to form a Cage structure conductor. The left side of the driving end iron core 17 is connected to the left end cover 15 , and the left end cover 15 is rigidly connected to the driving shaft 14 . The drive shaft 14 of the motor, the left end cover 15, the left end ring 16, the right end ring 9, the driving end iron core 17 and the guide bar 18 form the driving part of the governor.

It can be seen from FIG. 2 that the permanent magnet rotor 11 adopts a structure in which permanent magnets 19 and iron cores 20 alternate. The magnetization directions of the adjacent permanent magnets 19 are opposite to each other, and the polarities of N-S-S-N are opposite to each other; the magnetic modulation ring 10 is composed of non-magnetizers 22 and magnetizers 21 in turn.

The inner rotor 7 and the magnetic ring 10 rotate around the load shaft 4, changing the relative position of the magnetic ring 10 and the permanent magnet rotor 11, so as to quickly adjust the air gap magnetic field and realize the adjustment of the load speed.

As can be seen from FIG. 3 , the magnetic modulation ring 10 is composed of non-magnetic conductive bodies 22 and magnetic conductive bodies 21 alternately in sequence.

It can be seen from Figures 4 and 5 that the magnetic modulation principle of the present invention is that when the non-magnetic body of the magnetic modulation ring is facing the permanent magnet (as shown in Figure 4), the inner reluctance of the permanent magnet is the largest, and the magnetic induction intensity of the air gap outside the permanent magnet rotor is the largest. The coupling torque is the highest; when the magnetizer of the magnetic adjustment ring is facing the permanent magnet (as shown in Figure 5), the inner reluctance of the permanent magnet is the smallest, and the excitation ability of the permanent magnet rotor is severely weakened. At this time, the air gap outside the permanent magnet rotor The magnetic induction intensity is the smallest, and the transmitted torque is the smallest. Adjust the magnetic adjusting ring so that it is between the above two positions to realize the adjustment of the load speed.

It can be seen from Figure 6 that the deceleration motor is fixed on the extension shaft of the inner rotor, the output shaft of the deceleration motor is connected with the bevel gear head, the bevel gear seat is fixed on the load shaft, and the bevel gear head and the bevel gear seat are connected through mechanical meshing. When the deceleration motor rotates At the same time, the rotating shaft is driven and the bevel gear head rotates, so that the positions of the magnetic adjusting ring relative to the load shaft, magnetic conducting ring, and the left end cover of the permanent magnet rotor are relatively changed.

The magnetic ring 10 can be used to quickly adjust the air gap magnetic field. The principle of speed regulation is as follows: When the non-magnetic body of the magnetic ring is facing the permanent magnet, the inner reluctance of the permanent magnet is the largest, and the magnetic induction intensity of the air gap outside the permanent magnet rotor is the largest. The torque is the highest; when the magnetizer of the magnetic adjusting ring is facing the permanent magnet, the inner reluctance of the permanent magnet is the smallest, and the excitation ability of the permanent magnet rotor is severely weakened. At this time, the magnetic induction intensity of the air gap outside the permanent magnet rotor is the smallest, and the transmitted Minimum torque. Adjust the magnetic adjusting ring so that it is between the above two positions to realize the adjustment of the load speed.

The drive shaft and the load shaft can be interchanged to realize bi-directional flow of energy.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. On the basis of the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make some replacements and modifications to some of the technical features according to the disclosed technical content without creative work. Deformation, these replacements and deformations are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A permanent-magnet eddy-current governor for fast magnetic regulation, characterized in that, the permanent-magnet eddy-current governor for fast magnetic regulation comprises: reduction motor (1), electric brush (2), bevel gear mechanism (3) , load shaft (4), slip ring (5), right bearing (6), inner rotor (7), right end cover of permanent magnet rotor (8), right end ring (9), magnetic adjustment ring (10), permanent magnet rotor (11), rotor left end cover (12), left bearing (13), motor drive shaft (14), left end cover (15), left end ring (16), driving end iron core (17), guide bar (18); The geared motor (1) is fixed on the shaft end of the inner rotor (7), the output shaft of the geared motor (1) is connected to the bevel gear mechanism (3), the brush (2) is in sliding contact with the slip ring (5) and Keeping electrical connection, the working power required by the reduction motor (1) is provided through brushes and slip rings, one end of the bevel gear mechanism (3) is fixedly connected to the load shaft (4), and the inside of the inner rotor (7) is connected to the The left bearing (13) and the right bearing (6) are connected, through the left bearing (13) and the right bearing (6), the relative movement between the inner rotor (7) and the load shaft (4) is made, and the outer side of the inner rotor (7) and the adjustment The magnetic ring (10) is rigidly connected, and the outer side of the magnetic adjustment ring is an annular permanent magnet rotor (11). 12) Connection, the left end cover of the permanent magnet rotor (12) is rigidly connected with the load shaft (4), and the outer side of the permanent magnet rotor (11) is an annular driving end core (17), the driving end iron core (17) and the permanent magnet rotor (11) realizes the magnetic field coupling through the air gap, has a plurality of slots evenly distributed along the circumference at the driving end iron core (17) facing the air gap and is provided with a guide bar (18) in each slot, and the guide bar (18 ) are respectively shorted by the left end ring (16) and the right end ring (9) to form a cage structure conductor; The left side of the drive end iron core (17) is connected to the left end cover (15), and the left end cover (15) is rigidly connected to the drive shaft (14); the motor drive shaft (14), the left end cover (15), the left end The ring (16), the right end ring (9), the driving end iron core (17) and the guide bar (18) form the driving part of the governor. 2. The permanent magnet eddy current governor according to claim 1, characterized in that the permanent magnet rotor (11) adopts a structure in which permanent magnets (19) and iron cores (20) are alternated, wherein adjacent permanent magnets The magnetization directions of the magnets (19) are opposite to each other, and the polarities of N-S-S-N are opposite to each other; the magnetic regulation ring (10) is composed of non-magnetic conductors (22) and magnetic conductors (21) alternately in sequence. 3. The permanent magnet eddy current governor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the inner rotor (7) and the magnetic ring (10) rotate around the load shaft (4), changing the magnetic ring (10) and the relative position of the permanent magnet rotor (11), so as to quickly adjust the air gap magnetic field and realize the adjustment of the load speed.