CN204741386U - Double rotor axial magnetic circuit mechanical variable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a double-rotor axial magnetic circuit mechanical variable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor, which is characterized in that it includes a motor body and a mechanical magnetic adjustment device, the motor body includes two rotors, and a The stator, the rotor and the stator are connected through the motor shaft; one of the rotors is provided with a mechanical magnetic adjustment device outside. The motor uses mechanical transmission to realize the adjustable working magnetic field of the motor, and is a type of mechanically adjustable magnetic permanent magnet synchronous motor used in the driving field of electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles.

Description

Double rotor axial magnetic circuit mechanical variable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of motor manufacturing, in particular to a dual-rotor axial magnetic circuit mechanical variable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor.

Background technique

Motors are one of the major links in power consumption, and making high-efficiency and energy-saving motors is an urgent problem to be solved. At the same time, with the continuous emergence of high-performance rare earth materials, permanent magnet motors using permanent magnets as the source of magnetic potential gradually replace traditional AC motors in various application fields. The structure of permanent magnet synchronous motor is flexible and diverse, and it has the characteristics of high power density, high torque and high efficiency. It is very suitable for applications such as wind power generation and industrial transmission. However, the permanent magnet synchronous motor has the disadvantages that the magnetic field strength cannot be adjusted and the permanent magnet is demagnetized, which restricts its further development.

In recent years, with the rise of industries such as wind power generation, numerical control machine tools, naval drive and electric vehicles, many application fields urgently need high-efficiency, low-speed motors. The advantages of the axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous motor are becoming more and more prominent. The air gap is flat, and the direction of the air gap magnetic flux is axial. This type of motor has high utilization rate of the rotor core, compact structure, easy installation and debugging, and long working time. And other advantages, it can meet the working requirements of low-speed operation in the case of a large number of poles.

The mechanical variable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor is a new type of variable flux motor that realizes the adjustable magnetic field strength of the motor through mechanical devices. The magnitude of the induced electromotive force, so as to realize the new magnetic field adjustment method of the coupling of electromechanical, electrical and magnetic. This type of motor is different from the hybrid excitation motor, and the magnetic flux can be adjusted conveniently and flexibly only with the help of a suitable mechanical adjustment device, which completely breaks the thinking mode of using electric excitation for magnetic adjustment. At the same time, it can overcome the disadvantages of hybrid excitation motors such as complex structure, large excitation loss and low power density, and can alleviate the shortage of rare earth permanent magnet materials such as NdFeB to a certain extent. It has broad application prospects in the fields of constant voltage power generation, electric vehicle and hybrid vehicle drive, and has become the focus of current research. In recent years, through the continuous efforts of experts and scholars at home and abroad, mechanically modulated permanent magnet synchronous motors with various topological structures such as air gap adjustment type, rotor adjustment type, centrifugal type, and flux leakage type have been proposed.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a double-rotor axial magnetic circuit mechanical variable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor. The motor uses mechanical transmission to adjust the magnetic field. It is a synchronous motor with simple structure, high efficiency and high power density.

The technical solution adopted by the utility model is a dual-rotor axial magnetic circuit mechanical variable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor, including a motor body and a mechanical magnetic adjustment device;

The motor body includes two rotors, and a stator is arranged between the two rotors. The rotor includes a rotor disk and a permanent magnet. The stator includes an annular slotless stator core and an armature winding. The rotor and the stator are connected through the motor shaft;

The armature winding is evenly wound around the annular slotless stator core in the axial direction to form the stator; the circumferential surface of the permanent magnet is attached to the inside of the rotor disc to form two rotors, and the magnetic polarity of the adjacent permanent magnets is opposite; the two rotor discs are completely aligned at the beginning, and the two rotor discs The upper permanent magnets are opposite in the same sex; one of the rotors is provided with a mechanical magnetic adjustment device outside.

The utility model is also characterized in that:

The mechanical device is composed of hub, slider, chute, connecting rod and spring; there is a chute on the hub, the slider is installed on the hub through the chute, and the slider moves on the track of the chute; the connecting rod is fixed on the rotor disk Above, the spring connects the hub and the slider, and the stable position of the slider is controlled by the stretching of the spring.

The armature winding adopts concentrated winding.

The permanent magnets are evenly arranged on the inner side of the rotor disk with N and S magnetic poles alternately, and the permanent magnets are axially magnetized. At the beginning, the permanent magnets of the two rotor disks are aligned with the same polarity, forming an axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous motor.

The hub and the rotor disc on the opposite side of the hub are coaxially installed on the motor shaft and rotate synchronously with the rotor. The rotor disc on the adjacent side of the hub is mounted on the motor shaft through bearings and rotates freely around the motor shaft; the connecting rod and the rotor disc are rigidly connected The slider moves along the chute; one end of the spring is fixed on the wheel hub, and the other end is connected with the slider; the mechanical magnetic adjustment device adopts a double slider structure with the same structural type and material properties.

The number of poles of the rotor is 16, and the number of poles of the stator is 10.

Hubs, sliders, connecting rods and springs are all made of non-magnetic materials.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: because the double-rotor axial magnetic circuit mechanical variable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor completely adjusts the magnetic flux by means of the mechanical magnetic adjustment device, it overcomes the complicated motor structure and additional There are many disadvantages such as large air gap, large excitation loss and low power density. Since the stator core of the motor adopts a slotless structure, the cogging torque of the motor is greatly reduced; at the same time, the rotor of the motor adopts a disc structure without windings, which has a simple structure and high reliability; the slider of the mechanical device has a simple and reliable structure, ensuring that the motor It operates normally below the base speed, and can effectively adjust the air gap flux when it is above the base speed; the mechanical magnetic adjustment device automatically adjusts the staggered angle of the two rotor disks according to the speed to achieve constant voltage output within a certain speed range; in summary , the utility model adopts a mechanical device to adjust the magnetic field. Under the condition of ensuring the power density of the motor, the strength of the magnetic field of the motor is changed by means of mechanical transmission, which overcomes the shortcomings of the existing mechanical magnetic field modulation motor and successfully solves the air gap magnetic field adjustment of the permanent magnet motor. Difficult flaws.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the utility model dual-rotor axial magnetic circuit mechanical variable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model mechanical magnetic adjustment device;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the plane development of the magnetic circuit of the utility model unit motor (below the base speed);

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the development of the magnetic circuit plane of the unit motor of the utility model (above the base speed).

In the figure, 1. rotor, 2. stator, 3. annular slotless stator core, 4. armature winding, 5. rotor disc, 6. permanent magnet, 7. hub, 8. slider, 9. chute, 10 . Connecting rod, 11. Spring.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The utility model provides a dual-rotor axial magnetic circuit mechanical variable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, including a motor body and a mechanical magnetic adjustment device;

The motor body includes two rotors 1, and a stator 2 is arranged between the two rotors 1. The rotor 1 includes a rotor disc 5 and a permanent magnet 6. The stator 2 includes an annular slotless stator core 3 and an armature winding 4. The rotor 1 and the stator 2 connected through the motor shaft;

The armature winding 4 is evenly wound around the ring-shaped slotless stator core 3 in the axial direction to form the stator 2; the circumferential surface of the permanent magnet 6 is attached to the inner side of the rotor disk 5 to form two rotors 1, and the magnetic polarity of the adjacent permanent magnets is opposite; the two rotor disks 5 The permanent magnets 6 on the two rotor disks 5 are opposite to each other; one of the rotors 1 is provided with a mechanical magnetic adjustment device on the outside.

The mechanical device is composed of a hub 7, a slider 8, a chute 9, a connecting rod 10 and a spring 11; the hub 7 is provided with a chute 9, the slider 8 is installed on the hub 7 through the chute 9, and the slider 8 moves on the slider The track of the groove 9; the connecting rod 10 is fixed on the rotor disk 5, the spring 11 connects the hub 7 and the slider 8, and the stable position of the slider 8 is controlled by the stretching of the spring 11.

The stator 2 adopts an annular slotless stator core 3, and the armature winding 4 adopts a concentrated winding, which is uniformly wound on the annular stator core in the axial direction. The permanent magnets 6 are evenly arranged on the inner side of the rotor disk 5 with N and S magnetic poles alternately. motor. The hub 7 and the rotor disc on the opposite side of the hub are coaxially installed on the motor shaft and rotate synchronously with the motor rotor. The rotor disc on the adjacent side of the hub is mounted on the motor shaft through bearings and can rotate freely around the motor shaft; the connection between the connecting rod 10 and the rotor disc 5 The slider 8 can move along the chute 9; one end of the spring 11 is fixed on the hub 7, and the other end is connected to the slider 8; the mechanical magnetic adjustment device adopts a double slider structure with the same structure and material properties.

The mechanical adjustment device is used to make the relative rotation of the two rotor disks 5 stagger the angle, and the air gap magnetic fields on both sides are staggered to realize the weakening of the main magnetic flux, and the magnetic field strength inside the motor can be adjusted synchronously according to the change of the motor speed.

As shown in Figure 1, the dual-rotor axial magnetic circuit mechanical variable flux permanent synchronous motor is mainly composed of a motor body and a mechanical magnetic adjustment device, which mainly includes: rotor 1, stator 2, annular slotless stator core 3, armature Windings 4, permanent magnets 5, rotor discs 6, etc. The body structure of the motor is simple. The stator part includes an annular slotless stator core 3 and an armature winding 4. The armature winding is axially wound on the stator core. Magnetism: The mechanical magnetic adjustment device is installed on the outside of one of the rotor disks, mainly including the hub 7, the slider 8, the chute 9, the connecting rod 10, and the spring 11, as shown in Figure 2; the slider 8 can only move along the chute 9 Orbital movement, through the connecting rod 10 to push the rotor disc 6 to make relative rotation between the two rotor discs; the connecting rod 10 and the rotor disc 5 are rigidly connected; one end of the spring 11 is fixed on the hub, and the other end is fixed on the slider 8. Make slide block 8 reach force balance.

The ring-shaped slotless stator core 3 and the rotor disc 5 are made of wound silicon steel sheet, which can conduct radial and tangential magnetization. The material can be 0.5mm thick DW470 cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel sheet.

The permanent magnets are surface-attached to the inside of the rotor discs and magnetized alternately in the axial direction. The permanent magnets of the two rotor discs face each other with the same polarity, and the two rotors 1, the stator 2 and the hub 7 are installed coaxially.

The rotor has 16 poles and the stator has 10 poles.

The mechanical magnetic adjustment device adopts a double-slider structure with the same structure and material properties; the hub 7, slider 8, connecting rod 10, and spring 11 are all made of non-magnetic materials to avoid magnetic flux leakage, and stainless steel materials can be used.

In addition, from the consideration of improving the air gap flux density of the motor and the thermal stability of the permanent magnet, NdFeB permanent magnet materials with high intrinsic coercive force and remanence density are selected as the material of the permanent magnet of the motor.

The specific working principle of the motor is as follows:

When the motor runs below the base speed, as shown in Figure 3, the slider 8 of the mechanical device has a small displacement, the connecting rod is in the flat area of the slider 8, the slider 8 has not yet pushed the connecting rod 10, and the hub 7 is on the adjacent side of the rotor. There is no relative displacement of the disk 5, and the two rotor disks 5 are in the aligned position. At this time, the motor can be regarded as a dual rotor 1 axial magnetic field permanent magnet synchronous motor. The air gap magnetic field is mainly provided by the permanent magnet on the rotor 1. The main magnetic circuit of the motor is composed of two identical simple magnetic circuits. The route starts from the N pole of the permanent magnet, passes through the air gap, the stator core 3, the air gap, the S pole of the adjacent permanent magnet, and the rotor disk 5, and then returns to the N pole of the permanent magnet. This part of the flux participates in the energy conversion of the motor and is the main flux of the motor.

When the motor runs above the base speed, as shown in Figure 4, the motor rotates faster, the centrifugal force on the slider 8 increases, the displacement of the slider 8 along the chute 9 increases, and the slider 8 pushes the connecting rod 10 along the predetermined Assuming that the track (chute 9) moves, the connecting rod 10 drives the rotor disc 5 to rotate relative to the hub 7, the hub 7 rotates completely synchronously with the other rotor 1, and the relative rotation of the two rotor discs 5 is staggered by an angle. At this time, the air-gap magnetic fields on both sides of the stator 2 are staggered at an angle, the induced electromotive force generated by the two effective sides of the armature winding 4 produces a phase difference, and the synthesized induced electromotive force in the armature winding 4 decreases. At this time, the mechanical magnetic adjustment device weakens the magnetic field of the motor. effect. The displacement of the slider 8 increases with the increase of the motor speed, the stagger angle between the two rotor disks 5 also increases, the phase difference of the induced electromotive force of the two effective sides also increases, and the reduction range of the combined induced electromotive force increases, which can The constant voltage output of the motor is realized within a certain speed range.

The motor adopts a single stator/double rotor axial structure, and the stator and rotor are installed coaxially. The stator is an annular slotless stator core; the armature winding is axially wound on the annular slotless stator core; the rotor is composed of two rotor disks with the same structure, the permanent magnets are evenly distributed inside the rotor disk, and the permanent magnets are alternately axially magnetized, The permanent magnets of the two rotor disks are opposite to each other; a mechanical magnetic adjustment device is installed on the outside of one of the rotor disks, and the hub and the motor rotor are installed coaxially; the connecting rod and the rotor disk are rigidly connected; the two ends of the spring are connected to the hub and the slider. The force on the slider reaches dynamic balance when the motor is running; due to the special design of the slider curve profile, when the motor rotor is running below the base speed, even if the slider is displaced, the connecting rod will not be pushed to make the two rotor disks stagger .

The above embodiments of the utility model have been described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims (7)

1. birotor axial magnetic circuit machinery becomes a magnetic flow permanent magnet type synchronous machine, it is characterized in that, comprises motor body and mechanical magnetic regulating device;

Described motor body comprises two rotors (1), stator (2) is provided with between described two rotors (1), described rotor (1) comprises rotor disk (5) and permanent magnet (6), described stator (2) comprises ring-like non-groove stator iron core (3) and armature winding (4), and described rotor (1) is connected by machine shaft with stator (2);

Described armature winding (4) axial uniform ring forms stator (2) on annular non-groove stator iron core (3); Described permanent magnet (6) circumferential Surface Mount forms two rotors (1) in rotor disk (5) inner side, and adjacent permanent magnet magnetic polarity is contrary; The initial complete matching of described two rotor disks (5), upper permanent magnet (6) same sex of two rotor disks (5) is relative; One of them rotor (1) arranged outside has mechanical magnetic regulating device.

2. birotor axial magnetic circuit machinery becomes magnetic flow permanent magnet type synchronous machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described mechanical magnetic regulating device is made up of wheel hub (7), slide block (8), chute (9), connecting rod (10) and spring (11); Described wheel hub (7) is provided with chute (9), described slide block (8) is installed on wheel hub (7) by chute (9), and slide block (8) moves on the track of chute (9); Described connecting rod (10) is fixed on rotor disk (5), described spring (11) connects wheel hub (7) and slide block (8), is controlled the settling position of slide block (8) by the stretching of spring (11).

3. according to claim 1 or 2, birotor axial magnetic circuit machinery becomes magnetic flow permanent magnet type synchronous machine, it is characterized in that, described armature winding (4) adopts concentratred winding.

4. according to claim 1 or 2, birotor axial magnetic circuit machinery becomes magnetic flow permanent magnet type synchronous machine, it is characterized in that, described permanent magnet (6) one-tenth N, S magnetic pole is alternate is evenly arranged in rotor disk (5) inner side, permanent magnet axial charging, two rotor disk permanent magnet same polarity alignment time initial, structure is a kind of axial magnetic field permanent magnet type synchronous machine.

5. birotor axial magnetic circuit machinery becomes magnetic flow permanent magnet type synchronous machine according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described wheel hub (7) and wheel hub offside rotor disk (5) are coaxially installed on machine shaft, with rotor synchronous rotary, the rotor disk of wheel hub (7) adjacent side is installed on machine shaft by bearing, rotates freely around machine shaft; For being rigidly connected between connecting rod (10) and rotor disk (5); Slide block (8) moves along chute (9); Spring (11) one end is fixed on wheel hub (7), and the other end is connected with slide block (8); Machinery magnetic regulating device adopts the double-slider structure that structural shape is all identical with material properties.

6. birotor axial magnetic circuit machinery according to claim 1 and 2 becomes magnetic flow permanent magnet type synchronous machine, and it is characterized in that, the number of poles of described rotor (1) is 16, and the number of poles of stator (2) is 10.

7. birotor axial magnetic circuit machinery according to claim 2 becomes magnetic flow permanent magnet type synchronous machine, it is characterized in that, described wheel hub (7), slide block (8), connecting rod (10) and spring (11) are made by non-magnet_conductible material.