CN103493983B - Feed additive for improving fur quality of fur-bearing animal and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a feed additive for improving fur quality of fur animals and a preparation method thereof, which mainly consists of vitamin A, vitamin E, L-lysine hydrochloride, DL-methionine, L-cystine, nicotinic acid 1. Pigskin powder is prepared according to a certain dosage ratio. The invention has the functions of preventing diseases and improving immunity, and can also provide various nutrients, promote the growth of mink fox, raccoon dog, rabbit and fur animals, and increase the density of plush. Thickness and quality of hides.

Description

Feed additive for improving fur quality of fur animals and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to an animal feed additive, in particular to a feed additive for improving fur quality of fur animals and a production method thereof.

Background technique

my country is rich in fur animal resources and there are many kinds, both domestic and wild. However, as the country strengthens the protection of wild animals, the number of wild animal skins has been reduced to 15% to 20%. Skins account for about 80% to 85%. Animal breeding also has a long history in our country. As early as the 1980s, my country's fur industry had already begun to export and earn foreign exchange. At present, my country has become a world-recognized fur production country. With the improvement of living standards, people's fur quality However, the length, weight, quality of the leather board and the density, thickness, length of the plush, as well as the gloss and color of the coat obtained from fur farming in my country are very different from the high-quality fur in the world. The large size makes it difficult for my country's fur animal-related products to enter the European and North American markets. Therefore, improving the quality of fur is a major technical problem in fur farming in my country. And researching and developing a kind of feed additive that can improve the quality of fur animal fur is the development trend of current and future fur animal breeding.

Contents of the invention

Therefore, there is a great demand on the market for feed additives that improve the quality of animal fur. So far, no relevant reports about the present invention have been found. The inventor has succeeded in doing so through repeated research and experiments, and through the verification of animal feeding contrast experiments. Research out the feed additive that can improve animal fur quality, thereby completed the present invention.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of feed additive that improves fur animal fur quality, another purpose of the present invention provides the preparation method of this feed additive exactly, to solve the fur quality of existing fur animal mink, fox, raccoon dog, rabbit, Coat gloss, color and plush quality, as well as technical problems of feeding feed with short hair and low plush density.

The present invention selects vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin _B1 , vitamin _B2 , L-ascorbyl palmitate, L-lysine hydrochloride, DL-methionine, L-cystine, niacin, calcium pantothenate, It is prepared by combining pigskin powder and puffed corn flour. These raw materials are combined together to make them produce synergistic effects, so as to effectively improve the quality of animal fur. Among them, vitamin A is selected. The English name: vitaminA, also known as visual Flavonol (its aldehyde derivative retinal) is an unsaturated monohydric alcohol with an alicyclic ring, including vitamin A ₁ and vitamin A ₂ . Retinol can be synthesized from plant-derived β-carotene. Under the catalysis of β-carotene-15,15′-dioxygenase (dioxygenase) in the body, β-carotene can be converted into two molecules of retinol Aldehyde (ratinal), retinal is reduced to retinol under the action of retinal reductase. Vitamin A has anti-respiratory system infection; helps the immune system to function normally; can recover quickly when sick; can maintain the health of the surface of tissues or organs; helps to promote development, strengthen bones, and maintain the health of skin, hair, teeth, and gums. healthy. Choose vitamin E, English name: vitamin E, other names: tocopherol (tocopherol), definition: a group of fat-soluble vitamins, including tocopherols and tocotrienols. All have anti-oxidant functions, which are necessary for the normal growth and reproduction of animals. Vitamin E (Vitamin E) is a fat-soluble vitamin, also known as tocopherol, is one of the most important antioxidants. Function: 1. Promote the secretion of pituitary gonadotropin, promote the production and activity of sperm, increase ovarian function, increase follicles, increase corpus luteum cells and enhance the effect of progesterone. 2. Improve lipid metabolism, when lacking, it will lead to the increase of plasma cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG), forming atherosclerosis. 3. Sensitive to oxygen and easily oxidized, it can protect other easily oxidized substances, such as unsaturated fatty acids, vitamin A and ATP. Reduce the generation of lipid peroxide, protect the body cells from free radicals, and give full play to the specific physiological functions of the protected substances. 4. Stabilize the cell membrane and intracellular lipids, reduce the fragility of red blood cells, and prevent hemolysis. Hemolytic anemia occurs in deficiency. 5. Large doses can promote the proliferation of capillaries and small blood vessels, and improve peripheral circulation. Vitamin B ₁ , Chinese name: vitamin B ₁ , English name: vitamin B ₁ , one of the B vitamins, the coenzyme form is thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP). Lack of it can cause beriberi, which mainly exists in the form of TPP in the body, widely distributed in skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, liver, kidney and brain tissue, participates in the catabolism of sugar in the form of coenzyme in the body, and has the effect of protecting the nervous system; It can also promote gastrointestinal motility and increase appetite. Vitamin B ₂ , Chinese name: vitamin B ₂ , English name: vitamin B ₂ , other names: riboflavin (riboflavin), definition: a vitamin widely distributed in nature. It is an essential nutrient for mammals. L-Ascorbyl palmitate is a non-toxic and harmless multifunctional nutritional antioxidant preservative. It has anti-oxidation and nutritional strengthening functions. L-Lysine hydrochloride, white or nearly white free-flowing crystalline powder. Almost odorless. It melts and decomposes at 263~264°C. Usually relatively stable, high humidity below 60% is stable, and above 60% will form dihydrate. Coexistence with vitamin C and vitamin K ₃ makes it easy to color. Lysine is an essential amino acid and cannot be synthesized in the body. If it is deficient, it will cause protein metabolism disorders and dysfunction, resulting in growth disorders, hypoplasia, weight loss, loss of appetite, and blood stasis. Protein reduction, etc., is a nutritional supplement. DL-methionine, molecular formula: Formula, one of the essential amino acids for animal growth, lack of which can cause liver and kidney disorders. It is especially important for protecting liver function. It can promote the growth of hair and nails, and has the functions of detoxification and enhancing muscle activity. L-cystine is a nutritional supplement and is a non-essential amino acid. It is an essential substance for the formation of skin and hair. It is used as a feed nutrition enhancer, which is beneficial to animal development, increasing body weight, liver and kidney functions, and improving fur quality. Niacin, niacin is also called vitamin B ₃ , or vitamin PP, molecular formula: C6H5NO2, niacin is a vitamin drug, and niacinamide is collectively referred to as vitamin PP, used for anti-pellagra, and can also be used as a blood expansion drug. Used as food and feed additives. As a pharmaceutical intermediate, it is used in the production of isoniazid, nicotinamide, nicosyl and inositol nicotinate, etc. Calcium pantothenate is mainly used in medicine, food and feed additives. It is a component of coenzyme A, participates in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins, and is an indispensable trace substance for maintaining normal physiological functions of humans and animals. More than 70% are used as feed additives. Puffed corn flour is a kind of feed source material with high utilization rate obtained by crushing raw corn, adding a certain proportion of water, and then undergoing a puffing process. Under the condition of high temperature and high pressure, the water contained in corn kernels continuously absorbs energy and vaporizes, and forcibly penetrates and cuts into the inside of corn molecules. Before reaching the homogenization stage, corn flour gradually changes from solid to viscous fluid state. The viscous zein molecules continue their protein denaturation process in the homogenization section and are continuously extruded. When encountering a sudden drop in temperature, the water molecules squeezed into the protein molecules expand rapidly, vaporize, and "explode" The material surrounding it completes the final denaturation process, and at the same time makes the product form a loose substance with numerous micropores - puffed corn sticks, and the puffed corn sticks become puffed corn flour after natural cooling and crushing. Puffed corn flour is a light yellow, microporous powder with crystalline glitter and a roasted aroma.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention selects amino acids, vitamins, and pigskin powder with rich nutritional ingredients as scientific ingredients, which can not only prevent diseases and improve immune function, but also provide various nutrition, promote mink, The growth of fur animals such as foxes, raccoon dogs, and rabbits improves the length, weight, quality of skin boards, density, thickness, length of plush, and the gloss and color of coats obtained from fur farming.

The consumption of the raw materials of the present invention is also obtained by the inventor through a large amount of exploration, and the consumption of each raw material has a good effect within the following dosage range.

Vitamin A 300~4 million IU L-lysine hydrochloride 30~40g Niacin 8~12g

Vitamin E 800～1200IU DL-methionine 30～40g Calcium pantothenate 8～12g

Vitamin B ₁ 1~3g L-cystine 15~25g Vitamin B ₂ 3~5g

Pigskin Powder 600～700g L-Ascorbyl Palmitate 40～60g Puffed Corn Flour 100～200g

preferably

Vitamin A 3.5 million IU L-lysine hydrochloride 35g Niacin 10g

Vitamin E 1000IU DL-methionine 35g Calcium pantothenate 10g

Vitamin B ₁ 2g L-cystine 20g Vitamin B ₂ 4g

Pigskin Powder 700g L-Ascorbyl Palmitate 50g Puffed Corn Flour 100g

The preparation steps of the present invention are as follows

1. Production of pigskin powder

1. Take fresh pigskin and wash it, put it into an electric pressure cooker and stuff it for 30-40 minutes to make the pigskin rotten.

2. Take out the pigskin, put it into a stainless steel tray after cooling, and bake it in a drying equipment at 105±2°C for 3 to 4 hours, so that the moisture content of the dried pigskin is ≤10%.

3. Put the dried pigskin into a pulverizer and pulverize it through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain pigskin powder.

2. Production of additives

1. Put vitamin A, vitamin E, L-ascorbyl palmitate, nicotinic acid, calcium pantothenate, vitamin _B1 and vitamin _B2 into the container, mix and stir together for 5-10 minutes, as a vitamin masterbatch .

2. Put the amount of L-lysine hydrochloride, DL-methionine and L-cystine into a container, mix and stir together for 5-10 minutes, and use it as an amino acid masterbatch.

3. Mix and stir the vitamin masterbatch, amino acid masterbatch, pigskin powder and puffed corn flour together for 10-15 minutes.

4. After mixing and stirring evenly, divide it into airtight containers or plastic bags.

[Test example]

Animal clinical trial data

1. Test date: September 6, 2012 to March 8, 2013

2. Test site: Anhui Chengji Rex Rabbit Farm

3. Experimenters: Du Heng, Wang Yan

4. Experimental animals: 120 weaned Rex rabbits at the age of 42 days were selected as experimental animals.

5. Experimental design and diet composition:

The experiment adopted a single factor randomized grouping design scheme. 120 healthy rex rabbits (with no significant difference in body weight) were randomly divided into 3 groups, 40 in each group. The test group A was fed with basic diet; the test group B was fed with basic diet+2% Tubao (compound premixed feed for rabbits); the test group C was fed with basic diet+2% feed additive of the present invention. (See Table 1)

The basic diet was provided by Anhui Shenya Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co., Ltd. For 40-105 days old, young rabbits are used, and for 106-150 days old, young rabbits are used. Tubao (compound premixed feed for rabbits) is produced and provided by Shanghai Jianzhisu Animal Health Products Co., Ltd.

Table 1 Experimental design

group Number of tests (only) test pre-feed Test group A 40 Basic ration Test group B 40 Basic diet + 2% rabbit treasure (compound premixed feed for rabbits) Test group C 40 Basic diet+2% feed additive of the present invention

6. Feeding and management of experimental animals

The experimental rex rabbits were housed in closed cages with good lighting and ventilation. There were 3 young rabbits per cage, and 1 young rabbit per cage. During the test period, the young rabbits were fed artificially three times a day, respectively at 8:00 am, 12:00 am, and 20:00 pm; the young rabbits were fed twice a day, respectively at 8:00 am and 20:00 pm . Free drinking water from duckbill drinking fountains. Do a good job of cleaning and disinfection before the test. After the test starts, the rabbit house is cleaned and disinfected once a day to maintain clean and hygienic conditions.

With the feed additive of the present invention, after feeding for 1 week, the rex rabbits can obviously enhance the body's ability to resist diseases, and the ratio of feed to meat is high. The effect of feeding with Tubao (compound premixed feed for rabbits) is not obvious, and the basic diet is directly used for feeding. Poor resistance, high rate of infection and disease, low feed ratio.

Table 2 The growth and infection diseases of the 42-105-day-old Rex rabbits in each group

group Quantity (only) Initial average weight (g/head) Final average weight (g/head) Number of infected diseases (heads) Test group A 40 644.10 1657.05 6 Test group B 40 642.82 1706.2 2 Test group C 40 642.98 1749.21 0

Table 3 Statistics on the effect of rex rabbits in each group aged 42 to 105 days

group Quantity (only) Average weight gain (g/head) Daily weight gain (g/head) Disease infection rate (%) Test group A 40 1012.95 16.08 15.00 Test group B 40 1063.38 16.88 5.00 Test group C 40 1106.23 17.56 0

Table 4 105-150 days old Rex rabbits in each group of growth, infection and disease situation

group Quantity (only) Initial average weight (g/head) Final average weight (g/head) Number of infected diseases (heads) Test group A 40 1657.05 2618.10 2 Test group B 40 1706.20 2720.32 1 Test group C 40 1749.21 2806.31 0

Table 5 Statistical results of the use of Rex rabbits in each group of 105-150 days old

group Quantity (only) Average weight gain (g/head) Daily weight gain (g/head) Disease infection rate (%) Test group A 40 961.05 21.36 5.00 Test group B 40 1014.12 22.54 2.50 Test group C 40 1057.10 23.49 0

It can be seen from the above statistical results of feeding that at the age of 42 to 105 days, compared with group A, the weight increases of groups B and C were 4.98% and 9.20%, respectively. , C two groups of body weight increase are respectively 5.52%, 9.97%, this shows that the feed additive of the present invention can not only prevent disease, improve immune function, and can promote the growth of rex rabbit, greatly reduce feeding cost.

7. Test results

The quality of the slaughtered Rex Rabbit’s fur was inspected: Test Group A: The fluff was thin, inelastic, and variegated, and the coat was dull. Among them, 12 had only prominent guard hairs, the fur was thin, and the quality of the board was poor. Test group B: the plush density is thin, the elasticity is poor, some have spiral hairs, and the super grade rate is 67.5%. Test group C: The quality of the hides was significantly better than that of the two groups A and B. The fluff of group C was rich, smooth, clean, elastic, pure in color, glossy and oily, without prominent guard hairs, without spinous hairs, good board quality, and moderate thickness. , the total leather area is more than 1400 square centimeters, 98% of which meet the special-grade requirements.

8. Conclusion

Adding the feed additive of the present invention to improve fur quality of fur animals in the feed by 2% can not only prevent diseases of fur animals, improve immune function, but also provide various nutrition, promote the growth of fur animals, improve the quality of fur, thereby reducing feeding costs ,Improve economic efficiency. Therefore, the feed additive for improving fur quality of fur animals of the present invention is worthy of popularization and use.

Claims (3)

1. improve a feed addictive for quality of fur of furry animal, it is characterized in that: it is made up of the raw material within the scope of following dosage:

Vitamin A 300 ~ 4,000,000 IU L lysine HCL 30 ~ 40g nicotinic acid 8 ~ 12g

Vitamin E 800 ~ 1200IU DL-METHIONINE 30 ~ 40g calcium pantothenate 8 ~ 12g

Cobastab ₁1 ~ 3g CYSTINE, 15 ~ 25g Cobastab ₂3 ~ 5g

Pigskin powder 600 ~ 700g Ascorbyl Palmitate 40 ~ 60g expanded corn powder 100 ~ 200g.

2. the feed addictive of raising quality of fur of furry animal according to claim 1, wherein the consumption of each raw material is:

Vitamin A 3,500,000 IU L lysine HCL 35g nicotinic acid 10g

Vitamin E 1000IU DL-METHIONINE 35g calcium pantothenate 10g

Cobastab ₁2g CYSTINE 20g Cobastab ₂4g

Pigskin powder 700g Ascorbyl Palmitate 50g expanded corn powder 100g.

3. the preparation method of feed addictive according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:

(1) pigskin powder is made

(1) get fresh porcine skin to clean, to load in electric pressure cooking saucepan directly vexed 30 ~ 40min, make pigskin ripe rotten;

(2) take out pigskin, after cooling, put into stainless steel disc, in drying plant, 105 ± 2 DEG C are dried 3 ~ 4 hours, make dried pigskin moisture≤10%;

(3) dried pigskin is put into crusher for crushing and cross 60 eye mesh screens, obtain pigskin powder;

(2) additive makes

(1) by the vitamin A of described consumption, vitamin E, Ascorbyl Palmitate, nicotinic acid, calcium pantothenate, Cobastab ₁and Cobastab ₂put into container, be mixed together stirring 5 ~ 10 minutes, as vitamin masterbatch;

(2) L lysine HCL of described consumption, DL-METHIONINE and CYSTINE are loaded in container, be mixed together stirring 5 ~ 10 minutes, as amino acid masterbatch;

(3) described vitamin masterbatch, amino acid masterbatch, pigskin powder and expanded corn powder are mixed together stirring 10 ~ 15 minutes;

(4), after mixing and stirring, be divided in closed container or polybag and get final product.