CN103484736B - Strong 6000 line aluminium alloys of a kind of superelevation and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Strong 6000 line aluminium alloys of a kind of superelevation and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 98
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 98
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910018575 Al—Ti Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910018580 Al—Zr Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 22
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 229910018594 Si-Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910008465 Si—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910018569 Al—Zn—Mg—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017813 Cu—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011949 advanced processing technology Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种超高强6000系铝合金及其制备方法，属于冶金技术领域，其成分按重量百分比含Si？0.9~1.4%，Mg？1.4~1.8%，Cu？0.9~1.3%，Cr？0.05~0.25？%，Zr？0.05~0.25%，Fe？0.3~0.7%，Ti≤0.04%，余量为Al和杂质，抗拉强度500~520MPa，屈服强度465~503MPa，延伸率≥10%。制备方法为：（1）准备原料；（2）熔炼后搅拌均匀后升温至745~755℃；（3）除气处理，然后静置，去除浮渣；（4）进行半连续铸造获得铸锭；（5）均匀化处理；（6）在温度400~500℃保温1~2小时；然后进行热挤压变形，出模后进行在线穿水，获得挤压棒材；（7）固溶处理后水淬，再进行人工时效处理，空冷至室温，获得超高强6000系铝合金棒材。本发明通过添加微量元素Zr、Cr及适量Fe元素获得优良的强韧性能，保持了易成型性、良好的焊接性能、耐蚀性等特点，适合于生产复杂断面高强度轻质结构件。
An ultra-high-strength 6000-series aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof belong to the field of metallurgy technology, and its composition contains Si? 0.9~1.4%, Mg? 1.4~1.8%, Cu? 0.9~1.3%, Cr? 0.05~0.25? %, Zr? 0.05~0.25%, Fe? 0.3~0.7%, Ti≤0.04%, the balance is Al and impurities, tensile strength 500~520MPa, yield strength 465~503MPa, elongation ≥10%. The preparation method is as follows: (1) prepare raw materials; (2) heat up to 745~755°C after stirring evenly after smelting; (3) degassing treatment, then stand still to remove scum; (4) perform semi-continuous casting to obtain ingots ; (5) homogenization treatment; (6) heat preservation at a temperature of 400~500°C for 1~2 hours; then perform hot extrusion deformation, and perform online water penetration after the mold is released to obtain extruded rods; (7) solid solution treatment After water quenching, then artificial aging treatment, air cooling to room temperature, to obtain ultra-high strength 6000 series aluminum alloy rods. The invention obtains excellent strength and toughness by adding trace elements Zr, Cr and an appropriate amount of Fe elements, maintains the characteristics of easy formability, good welding performance, corrosion resistance, etc., and is suitable for producing high-strength and light-weight structural parts with complex sections.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于冶金技术领域，特别涉及一种超高强6000系铝合金及其制备方法。 The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and in particular relates to an ultrahigh-strength 6000 series aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术 Background technique
6000系铝合金是一种具有良好综合性能的铝合金，由于其良好的加工性能、耐蚀性可焊性和装饰性能得到广泛的应用；但是其强度较低，因此发展高强6000系合金是该系合金发展的方向。 The 6000 series aluminum alloy is an aluminum alloy with good comprehensive properties. It is widely used due to its good processing performance, corrosion resistance, weldability and decorative properties; but its strength is low, so the development of high-strength 6000 series alloys is the priority. The direction of alloy development.
目前国外已开发出AA6069铝合金，合金中微量V、Cr元素的添加，可以抑制再结晶晶粒的长大，使该合金具有较好的强韧性；但由于合金元素V在铝中难溶解，使V元素在铝合金中的有效添加难以控制，同时，添加V使合金生产成本提高，制约了该合金在工业生产上的大量应用。 At present, AA6069 aluminum alloy has been developed abroad. The addition of trace V and Cr elements in the alloy can inhibit the growth of recrystallized grains and make the alloy have better strength and toughness; but because the alloy element V is difficult to dissolve in aluminum, It is difficult to control the effective addition of V element in aluminum alloy. At the same time, the addition of V increases the production cost of the alloy, which restricts the large-scale application of the alloy in industrial production.
高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金可以作为结构材料，但由于其较低的焊接性能、塑性和热加工性能，使其在制备复杂断面铝合金型材等领域上的应用受到了限制；而普通Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金虽然具有良好的塑性、焊接性能，但强度太低，也无法满足制备复杂断面高强铝合金型材的要求。因此，为满足实际生产与客户需要，急需开发出一种制备方法简单、强度高而塑性也满足需要的新型超高强6000系铝合金。 High-strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy can be used as a structural material, but its application in the preparation of complex cross-section aluminum alloy profiles is limited due to its low weldability, plasticity and hot workability; while ordinary Al Although the -Mg-Si-Cu alloy has good plasticity and weldability, its strength is too low to meet the requirements for preparing high-strength aluminum alloy profiles with complex sections. Therefore, in order to meet the needs of actual production and customers, it is urgent to develop a new type of ultra-high-strength 6000-series aluminum alloy with simple preparation method, high strength and satisfactory plasticity.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
针对现有6000系铝合金在性能上存在的上述问题，本发明提供一种超高强6000系铝合金及其制备方法，通过调整合金成分并采用合理的制备工艺，在保持合金良好加工性能、可焊性、耐蚀性和装饰性的前提下，降低合金制备成本，且大幅度提高合金的强度，满足复杂断面铝合金型材的生产要求。 In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the performance of the existing 6000-series aluminum alloys, the present invention provides an ultra-high-strength 6000-series aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof. By adjusting the composition of the alloy and adopting a reasonable preparation process, the alloy can maintain good processing performance and can be Under the premise of weldability, corrosion resistance and decoration, the cost of alloy preparation is reduced, and the strength of the alloy is greatly improved to meet the production requirements of aluminum alloy profiles with complex sections.
本发明的超高强6000系铝合金的成分按重量百分比含Si0.9~1.4%，Mg1.4~1.8%，Cu0.9~1.3%，Cr0.05~0.25%，Zr0.05~0.25%，Fe0.3~0.7%，Ti≤0.04%，余量为Al和杂质，抗拉强度500~520MPa，屈服强度465~503MPa，延伸率≥10%。 The composition of the ultra-high-strength 6000 series aluminum alloy of the present invention contains Si0.9-1.4%, Mg1.4-1.8%, Cu0.9-1.3%, Cr0.05-0.25%, Zr0.05-0.25% by weight percentage, Fe0.3~0.7%, Ti≤0.04%, the balance is Al and impurities, tensile strength 500~520MPa, yield strength 465~503MPa, elongation ≥10%.
上述的超高强6000系铝合金的优选方案为：成分按重量百分比含Si0.9~1.3%，Mg1.4~1.8%，Cu0.9~1.3%，Cr0.1~0.2%，Zr0.1~0.2%，Fe0.35~0.60%，Ti<0.04%，余量为Al和杂质，抗拉强度500~520MPa，屈服强度475~503MPa，延伸率≥10%。 The preferred scheme of the above-mentioned ultra-high-strength 6000 series aluminum alloy is: the composition contains Si0.9~1.3%, Mg1.4~1.8%, Cu0.9~1.3%, Cr0.1~0.2%, Zr0.1~ 0.2%, Fe0.35~0.60%, Ti<0.04%, the balance is Al and impurities, tensile strength 500~520MPa, yield strength 475~503MPa, elongation ≥10%.
上述的两种超高强6000系铝合金中的杂质含量按重量百分比≤0.15%，并且Zn的含量按重量百分比≤0.015%。 The impurity content in the above two ultra-high-strength 6000 series aluminum alloys is ≤0.15% by weight, and the Zn content is ≤0.015% by weight.
本发明的超高强6000系铝合金的制备方法按以下步骤进行： The preparation method of the ultra-high strength 6000 series aluminum alloy of the present invention is carried out according to the following steps:
1、按目标成分准备纯金属铝、纯金属镁、纯金属铜、Al-Si中间合金、Al-Ti中间合金、Al-Zr中间合金、铬添加剂、铁添加剂作为原料； 1. Prepare pure metal aluminum, pure metal magnesium, pure metal copper, Al-Si master alloy, Al-Ti master alloy, Al-Zr master alloy, chromium additive, and iron additive as raw materials according to the target composition;
2、将纯金属铝、Al-Si中间合金熔炼，熔化后加入纯金属铜，加入或不加入Al-Ti中间合金，升温至740~750℃，再加入Al-Zr中间合金、铬添加剂、铁添加剂和纯金属镁，搅拌均匀后升温至745~755℃； 2. Melt pure metal aluminum and Al-Si master alloy, add pure metal copper after melting, add or not add Al-Ti master alloy, raise the temperature to 740~750℃, then add Al-Zr master alloy, chromium additive, iron Additives and pure metal magnesium, after stirring evenly, heat up to 745~755°C;
3、对熔炼炉内的熔体使用氩气进行除气处理5~10min，处理完毕后在750±5℃静置10~20min，再去除合金熔体表面的浮渣； 3. Use argon gas to degas the melt in the melting furnace for 5~10 minutes, and after the treatment is completed, let it stand at 750±5°C for 10~20 minutes, and then remove the scum on the surface of the alloy melt;
4、将去除浮渣的合金熔体进行半连续铸造，浇铸温度为745~755℃，获得铸锭； 4. Conduct semi-continuous casting of the alloy melt from which dross has been removed, at a casting temperature of 745-755°C to obtain ingots;
5、将铸锭均匀化处理，在520~550℃下保温12~24h，然后取出风冷至室温； 5. Homogenize the ingot, keep it warm at 520~550℃ for 12~24h, then take it out and cool it to room temperature;
6、在温度400~500℃条件下，保温1~2小时；然后进行热挤压变形，挤压比≥15；出模后进行在线穿水，温度降至室温；获得挤压棒材； 6. At a temperature of 400~500°C, keep warm for 1~2 hours; then carry out hot extrusion deformation, the extrusion ratio is ≥15; after the mold is released, carry out online water penetration, and the temperature drops to room temperature; obtain extruded rods;
7、将挤压棒材在530~560℃条件下保温1~3h进行固溶处理，然后水淬至室温，再升温至160~180℃条件下保温9~32h进行人工时效处理，最后空冷至室温，获得超高强6000系铝合金棒材。 7. Heat the extruded rod at 530~560°C for 1~3h for solution treatment, then water quench to room temperature, then raise the temperature to 160~180°C for 9~32h for artificial aging treatment, and finally air cool to At room temperature, an ultra-high-strength 6000-series aluminum alloy rod was obtained.
上述方法中使用氩气进行除气处理是指采用炉底吹氩气进行精炼，当采用炉底吹氩气时，氩气的流量为10~20L/min，控制气泡高出熔体液面20~30mm。 In the above method, the use of argon for degassing treatment refers to the use of argon gas blowing at the bottom of the furnace for refining. When argon gas is blown at the bottom of the furnace, the flow rate of argon gas is 10~20L/min, and the air bubbles are controlled to be 20L/min higher than the liquid level of the melt. ~30mm.
上述的Al-Si中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Si18~25%，余量为Al和不可避免杂质；Al-Ti中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Ti30~40%，余量为Al和不可避免杂质；铬添加剂的成分按重量百分比含Cr70~80%，其余为盐，不与Al反应，最终成为炉渣；Al-Zr中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Zr3~5%，余量为Al和不可避免杂质；铁添加剂的成分按重量百分比含Fe70~80%，其余为盐，不与Al反应，最终成为炉渣。 The composition of the above-mentioned Al-Si master alloy contains Si18~25% by weight percentage, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities; the composition of Al-Ti master alloy contains Ti30~40% by weight percentage, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities. Impurities; the composition of the chromium additive contains Cr70~80% by weight percentage, the rest is salt, does not react with Al, and finally becomes slag; the composition of Al-Zr master alloy contains Zr3~5% by weight percentage, and the balance is Al and not Avoid impurities; the composition of iron additives contains Fe70~80% by weight percentage, and the rest is salt, which does not react with Al and eventually becomes slag.
上述的按目标成分准备原料时，当超高强6000系铝合金中Si的重量含量为x时，Al-Si中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Si为z（z=18~25%），由于制备超高强6000系铝合金过程中Si无明显损失量，可忽略，准备的Al-Si中间合金重量按x/z计算。 When preparing raw materials according to the target composition mentioned above, when the weight content of Si in the ultra-high-strength 6000 series aluminum alloy is x, the composition of the Al-Si master alloy contains Si as z (z=18~25%) by weight percentage. There is no obvious loss of Si in the process of ultra-high-strength 6000 series aluminum alloy, which can be ignored, and the weight of the prepared Al-Si master alloy is calculated by x/z.
上述的按目标成分准备原料时，当超高强6000系铝合金中Ti的重量含量为x时，Al-Ti中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Ti为z（z=30~40%），由于制备超高强6000系铝合金过程中Ti无明显损失量，可忽略，准备的Al-Ti中间合金重量按x/z计算。 When preparing raw materials according to the target composition mentioned above, when the weight content of Ti in the ultra-high-strength 6000 series aluminum alloy is x, the composition of the Al-Ti master alloy contains Ti as z (z=30~40%) by weight percentage, due to the preparation There is no obvious loss of Ti in the process of ultra-high-strength 6000 series aluminum alloy, which can be ignored, and the weight of the prepared Al-Ti master alloy is calculated according to x/z.
上述的按目标成分准备原料时，当超高强6000系铝合金中Cr的重量含量为x时，铬添加剂的成分按重量百分比含Cr为z（z=70~80%），由于制备超高强6000系铝合金过程中Cr的损失量为y（y=5%~10%），准备的铬添加剂重量按x/[z·(1-y)]计算。 When preparing raw materials according to the target composition mentioned above, when the weight content of Cr in the ultra-high-strength 6000 series aluminum alloy is x, the composition of the chromium additive contains Cr as z (z=70~80%) by weight percentage, because the preparation of ultra-high-strength 6000 The loss of Cr in the process of aluminum alloy system is y (y=5%~10%), and the weight of the prepared chromium additive is calculated according to x/[z·(1-y)].
上述的按目标成分准备原料时，当超高强6000系铝合金中Zr的重量含量为x时，Al-Zr中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Zr为z（z=3~5%），由于制备超高强6000系铝合金过程中Zr无明显损失量，可忽略，准备的Al-Zr中间合金重量按x/z计算。 When preparing raw materials according to the target composition mentioned above, when the weight content of Zr in the ultra-high-strength 6000 series aluminum alloy is x, the composition of the Al-Zr master alloy contains Zr as z (z=3~5%) by weight percentage, due to the preparation There is no obvious loss of Zr in the process of ultra-high strength 6000 series aluminum alloy, which can be ignored, and the weight of the prepared Al-Zr master alloy is calculated according to x/z.
上述的按目标成分准备原料时，当超高强6000系铝合金中Fe的重量含量为x时，铁添加剂的成分按重量百分比含Fe为z（z=70~80%），由于制备超高强6000系铝合金过程中Fe的损失量为y（y=5%~10%），准备的铁添加剂重量按x/[z·(1-y)]计算。 When preparing the raw materials according to the above-mentioned target composition, when the weight content of Fe in the ultra-high-strength 6000 series aluminum alloy is x, the composition of the iron additive contains Fe as z (z=70~80%) by weight percentage, due to the preparation of ultra-high-strength 6000 The amount of Fe lost during the aluminum alloy system is y (y=5%~10%), and the weight of the prepared iron additive is calculated by x/[z·(1-y)].
热处理和挤压工艺均会对材料的强度、塑性以及成品率产生影响。经半连续铸造得到的铸锭必须经过均匀化退火才能使非平衡相充分溶解、消除微观偏析、提高成份的均匀性，以利于后续的热挤压变形；均匀化退火温度低于520℃时，不能充分均质，而超过550℃，容易产生过烧而使材料成为废品；同时，必须保证足够的均匀化时间，否则也不能充分均质。 Both heat treatment and extrusion process will affect the strength, plasticity and yield of the material. The ingot obtained by semi-continuous casting must undergo homogenization annealing to fully dissolve the non-equilibrium phase, eliminate microscopic segregation, and improve the uniformity of the composition to facilitate subsequent hot extrusion deformation; when the homogenization annealing temperature is lower than 520 ° C, It cannot be fully homogenized, and if it exceeds 550°C, it is easy to cause overburning and make the material a waste product; at the same time, sufficient homogenization time must be ensured, otherwise it cannot be fully homogenized.
控制热挤压温度来获得所需的材料组织和性能。挤压温度过高，挤压制品中极易产生粗大晶，且容易使制品过烧；挤压温度过低，挤压力增大，容易损坏挤压模具或缩短其使用寿命，并且不利于合金塑性的发挥，降低复杂形状挤压制品的成品率；再者会造成储存能急剧增大，不利于后续的热处理对合金组织性能的控制；热挤并在线穿水后的挤压材在530～560℃下保温1~3h固溶处理，在此温度区间和保温时间的固溶处理，能保证挤压材在不发生过烧的前提下使合金元素充分固溶于基体中；经过以上所述的加工工艺，材料具有高强度和较好的塑性，满足复杂断面高强铝合金型材的生产要求。 Control the hot extrusion temperature to obtain the desired material structure and properties. If the extrusion temperature is too high, it is easy to produce coarse crystals in the extruded product, and it is easy to overheat the product; if the extrusion temperature is too low, the extrusion force will increase, which will easily damage the extrusion die or shorten its service life, and is not conducive to the alloy Plasticity will reduce the yield of extruded products with complex shapes; moreover, it will cause a sharp increase in stored energy, which is not conducive to the control of the alloy structure and properties in subsequent heat treatment; the extruded material after hot extrusion and online water penetration is at 530~ Solution treatment at 560°C for 1~3h. The solution treatment in this temperature range and holding time can ensure that the alloy elements are fully dissolved in the matrix without overburning of the extruded material; after the above Advanced processing technology, the material has high strength and good plasticity, which meets the production requirements of high-strength aluminum alloy profiles with complex sections.
本发明技术方案提出在Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Cr合金中的复合添加Zr和Fe元素，并给出了一个合理的Zr和Fe含量范围，通过控制加工过程的工艺参数，使合金在保证了塑性、易成型性的同时，与AA6069合金等6000系铝合金相比显著提高了强度。 The technical scheme of the present invention proposes the composite addition of Zr and Fe elements in the Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Cr alloy, and provides a reasonable Zr and Fe content range, by controlling the process parameters of the processing process, the alloy can be guaranteed Compared with 6000 series aluminum alloys such as AA6069 alloy, the strength is significantly improved while improving the plasticity and formability.
本发明的超高强6000系铝合金通过添加微量元素Zr、Cr及适量Fe元素，使合金中生成大量尺寸细小弥散的L12型Al3Zr、DO22型Al3Zr和Al(FeCr)Si弥散相，能有效抑制再结晶晶粒的形核与长大、阻碍位错迁移，从而获得优良的强韧性能，具有优异的综合性能，并同时保持了Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金的易成型性、良好的焊接性能、耐蚀性等特点，适合于生产复杂断面高强度轻质结构件。 The ultra-high-strength 6000-series aluminum alloy of the present invention adds trace elements Zr, Cr and an appropriate amount of Fe elements to form a large number of fine and dispersed L1 2 type Al 3 Zr, DO 22 type Al 3 Zr and Al(FeCr)Si dispersions in the alloy. Phase, can effectively inhibit the nucleation and growth of recrystallized grains, hinder the migration of dislocations, so as to obtain excellent toughness, excellent comprehensive performance, and at the same time maintain the easy forming of Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy It is suitable for the production of high-strength and light-weight structural parts with complex sections.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例1中的超高强6000系铝合金的包含DO22型Al3Zr弥散相的透射电镜照片图； Figure 1 is a transmission electron micrograph of the ultra-high-strength 6000-series aluminum alloy in Example 1 of the present invention containing DO 22 type Al 3 Zr dispersed phase;
图2为图1的DO22型Al3Zr弥散相的能谱分析结果图； Fig. 2 is an energy spectrum analysis result diagram of the DO 22 type Al 3 Zr dispersed phase in Fig. 1;
图3为本发明实施例1中的超高强6000系铝合金的Al(FeCr)Si弥散相的透射电镜照片图； 3 is a transmission electron micrograph of the Al(FeCr)Si disperse phase of the ultra-high-strength 6000 series aluminum alloy in Example 1 of the present invention;
图4为图3的Al(FeCr)Si弥散相的能谱分析结果图； Fig. 4 is the energy spectrum analysis result figure of the Al(FeCr) Si dispersed phase of Fig. 3;
图中，a为DO22型Al3Zr弥散相，b为Al(FeCr)Si弥散相。 In the figure, a is DO 22 type Al 3 Zr disperse phase, b is Al(FeCr)Si disperse phase.
具体实施方式 detailed description
本发明实施例中热挤压处理选用的设备为11000KN铝挤压机。 The equipment selected for the hot extrusion treatment in the embodiment of the present invention is an 11000KN aluminum extrusion machine.
本发明实施例中熔炼采用的设备为电阻炉。 The equipment used for smelting in the embodiment of the present invention is a resistance furnace.
本发明实施例中均匀化处理选用的设备为多段可控加热电阻炉，型号为ARF:7/45。 The equipment selected for the homogenization treatment in the embodiment of the present invention is a multi-section controllable heating resistance furnace, the model of which is ARF: 7/45.
本发明实施例中半连续铸造时选用的设备为半连续铸造机。 The equipment selected during the semi-continuous casting in the embodiment of the present invention is a semi-continuous casting machine.
本发明实施例中固溶处理采用的设备为井式回火电阻炉，型号为RJ2-24-6。 The equipment used in the solid solution treatment in the embodiment of the present invention is a well-type tempering resistance furnace, the model of which is RJ2-24-6.
本发明实施例中时效处理采用的设备为电热鼓风干燥箱，型号为HN101-0。 The equipment used in the aging treatment in the embodiment of the present invention is an electric blast drying oven, the model of which is HN101-0.
本发明实施例中采用的纯金属铝、纯金属镁和纯金属铜的重量纯度均≥99.7%。 The weight purity of pure metal aluminum, pure metal magnesium and pure metal copper used in the embodiment of the present invention is all ≥99.7%.
本发明实施例中采用的氩气的体积纯度≥99.95%。 The volume purity of the argon used in the embodiments of the present invention is ≥99.95%.
本发明实施例中采用的Al-Si中间合金、Al-Ti中间合金和Al-Zr中间合金的杂质重量含量≤0.3%。 The impurity weight content of the Al-Si master alloy, Al-Ti master alloy and Al-Zr master alloy used in the embodiment of the present invention is ≤0.3%.
本发明实施例中采用的铬添加剂和铁添加剂为铝合金工业用铬添加剂和铝合金工业用铁添加剂。 The chromium additive and iron additive used in the embodiment of the present invention are chromium additive for aluminum alloy industry and iron additive for aluminum alloy industry.
本发明实施例中选用的铬添加剂和铁添加剂为哈尔滨东盛金属材料有限公司产品，也叫做铬剂和铁剂。 The chromium additive and iron additive selected in the embodiment of the present invention are products of Harbin Dongsheng Metal Materials Co., Ltd., also called chromium agent and iron agent.
本发明实施例中热挤压变形选用的挤压比在15~90。 In the embodiment of the present invention, the extrusion ratio selected for hot extrusion deformation is 15-90.
实施例1 Example 1
按目标成分准备纯金属铝、纯金属镁、纯金属铜、Al-Si中间合金、Al-Ti中间合金、Al-Zr中间合金、铬添加剂、铁添加剂作为原料； Prepare pure metal aluminum, pure metal magnesium, pure metal copper, Al-Si master alloy, Al-Ti master alloy, Al-Zr master alloy, chromium additive, iron additive as raw materials according to the target composition;
其中Al-Si中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Si18%，余量为Al和不可避免杂质；Al-Ti中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Ti30%，余量为Al和不可避免杂质；铬添加剂的成分按重量百分比含Cr70%，其余为盐，不与Al反应，最终成为炉渣；Al-Zr中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Zr3%，余量为Al和不可避免杂质；铁添加剂的成分按重量百分比含Fe70%，其余为盐，不与Al反应，最终成为炉渣； Wherein the composition of Al-Si master alloy contains Si18% by weight percentage, surplus is Al and unavoidable impurity; The composition of Al-Ti master alloy contains Ti30% by weight percentage, surplus is Al and unavoidable impurity; Chromium additive The composition contains Cr70% by weight percentage, and the rest is salt, which does not react with Al and eventually becomes slag; the composition of Al-Zr master alloy contains Zr3% by weight percentage, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities; the composition of iron additives is by weight The percentage contains Fe70%, the rest is salt, does not react with Al, and eventually becomes slag;
将纯金属铝、Al-Si中间合金熔炼，熔化后加入纯金属铜、Al-Ti中间合金，升温至740~750℃，再加入Al-Zr中间合金、铬添加剂、铁添加剂和纯金属镁，搅拌均匀后升温至745~755℃； Melt pure metal aluminum and Al-Si master alloy, add pure metal copper and Al-Ti master alloy after melting, raise the temperature to 740~750°C, then add Al-Zr master alloy, chromium additive, iron additive and pure metal magnesium, Stir evenly and heat up to 745~755°C;
对熔炼炉内的熔体使用氩气进行除气处理5min，处理完毕后在750±5℃静置10min，再去除合金熔体表面的浮渣；氩气流量为20L/min，控制气泡高出熔体液面20~30mm； Use argon to degas the melt in the melting furnace for 5 minutes. After the treatment, let it stand at 750±5°C for 10 minutes, and then remove the scum on the surface of the alloy melt; the flow rate of argon gas is 20L/min, and the bubbles are controlled Melt surface 20~30mm;
将去除浮渣的合金熔体采用半连续铸造机进行半连续铸造，浇铸温度为745~755℃，获得铝合金铸锭，其成分按重量百分比含Si1.19%，Mg1.59%，Cu1.05%，Cr0.149%，Zr0.155%，Fe0.60%，Ti0.028%，余量为Al和杂质；其中杂质含量按重量百分比为0.12%，并且Zn的含量按重量百分比为0.012%； The dross-removed alloy melt is semi-continuously casted by a semi-continuous casting machine at a casting temperature of 745-755°C to obtain an aluminum alloy ingot, the composition of which contains Si1.19%, Mg1.59%, Cu1. 05%, Cr0.149%, Zr0.155%, Fe0.60%, Ti0.028%, the balance is Al and impurities; wherein the content of impurities is 0.12% by weight, and the content of Zn is 0.012% by weight ;
将铝合金铸锭均匀化处理，在530~550℃下保温24h，然后取出风冷至室温； Homogenize the aluminum alloy ingot, keep it at 530~550°C for 24 hours, then take it out and cool it to room temperature;
在温度500℃条件下，保温1小时；然后进行热挤压变形，挤压比为90；出模后进行在线穿水，温度降至室温，获得的挤压棒材抗拉强度436MPa，屈服强度290MPa，延伸率16.60%； At a temperature of 500°C, keep it warm for 1 hour; then carry out hot extrusion deformation, the extrusion ratio is 90; after the mold is released, carry out online water penetration, and the temperature is lowered to room temperature. The obtained extruded rod has a tensile strength of 436MPa and a yield strength of 290MPa, elongation 16.60%;
将挤压棒材在550℃条件下保温2h进行固溶处理，然后水淬至室温，再升温至170℃保温12进行人工时效处理，最后空冷至室温，获得超高强6000系铝合金棒材，抗拉强度520MPa，屈服强度503MPa，延伸率10.38%；包含DO22型Al3Zr弥散相的透射电镜照片如图1所示，DO22型Al3Zr弥散相的能谱分析结果如图2所示，Al(FeCr)Si弥散相的透射电镜照片如图3所示，Al(FeCr)Si弥散相的能谱分析结果如图4所示。 The extruded rods were kept at 550°C for 2 hours for solution treatment, then water quenched to room temperature, then heated to 170°C for 12 hours for artificial aging treatment, and finally air-cooled to room temperature to obtain ultra-high-strength 6000 series aluminum alloy rods. The tensile strength is 520MPa, the yield strength is 503MPa, and the elongation is 10.38%. The transmission electron microscope photo containing the DO 22 type Al 3 Zr dispersed phase is shown in Figure 1, and the energy spectrum analysis results of the DO 22 type Al 3 Zr dispersed phase are shown in Figure 2 The transmission electron micrograph of the Al(FeCr)Si disperse phase is shown in Figure 3, and the energy spectrum analysis results of the Al(FeCr)Si disperse phase are shown in Figure 4.
实施例2 Example 2
方法同实施例1，不同点在于： Method is with embodiment 1, and difference is:
选用的Al-Si中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Si20%；Al-Ti中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Ti40%；铬添加剂的成分按重量百分比含Cr80%；Al-Zr中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Zr5%；铁添加剂的成分按重量百分比含Fe75%； The composition of the selected Al-Si master alloy contains Si20% by weight; the composition of Al-Ti master alloy contains Ti40% by weight; the composition of chromium additive contains Cr80% by weight; the composition of Al-Zr master alloy by weight The percentage contains Zr5%; the composition of the iron additive contains Fe75% by weight percentage;
对熔炼炉内的熔体使用氩气进行除气处理6min，处理完毕后在750±5℃静置12min，再去除合金熔体表面的浮渣；氩氯流量为15L/min； The melt in the melting furnace is degassed with argon for 6 minutes. After the treatment, it is left to stand at 750±5°C for 12 minutes, and then the scum on the surface of the alloy melt is removed; the flow rate of argon and chlorine is 15L/min;
获得铝合金铸锭的成分按重量百分比含Si1.21%，Mg1.56%，Cu1.04%，Cr0.161%，Zr0.148%，Fe0.36%，Ti0.033%，余量为Al和杂质；其中杂质含量按重量百分比为0.11%，并且Zn的含量按重量百分比为0.015%； The composition of the obtained aluminum alloy ingot contains Si1.21%, Mg1.56%, Cu1.04%, Cr0.161%, Zr0.148%, Fe0.36%, Ti0.033% by weight percentage, and the balance is Al and impurities; wherein the content of impurities is 0.11% by weight, and the content of Zn is 0.015% by weight;
将铝合金铸锭均匀化处理，在530~550℃下保温20h，然后取出风冷至室温； Homogenize the aluminum alloy ingot, heat it at 530~550°C for 20 hours, then take it out and cool it to room temperature;
在温度450℃条件下，保温1.5小时；然后进行热挤压变形理，挤压比为80； At a temperature of 450°C, keep warm for 1.5 hours; then perform hot extrusion deformation, with an extrusion ratio of 80;
挤压棒材的抗拉强度341MPa，屈服强度189MPa，延伸率19.73%； The tensile strength of the extruded bar is 341MPa, the yield strength is 189MPa, and the elongation is 19.73%;
将挤压棒材在530℃条件下保温2h进行固溶处理，然后水淬至室温，再升温至170℃保温12h进行人工时效处理，最后空冷至室温，获得超高强6000系铝合金棒材，抗拉强度503MPa，屈服强度478MPa，延伸率12.25%。 The extruded rods were kept at 530°C for 2 hours for solution treatment, then water quenched to room temperature, then heated to 170°C for 12 hours for artificial aging treatment, and finally air-cooled to room temperature to obtain ultra-high-strength 6000 series aluminum alloy rods. The tensile strength is 503MPa, the yield strength is 478MPa, and the elongation is 12.25%.
实施例3 Example 3
方法同实施例1，不同点在于： Method is with embodiment 1, and difference is:
选用的Al-Si中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Si18%；Al-Ti中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Ti35%；铬添加剂的成分按重量百分比含Cr75%；Al-Zr中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Zr4%；铁添加剂的成分按重量百分比含Fe80%； The composition of the selected Al-Si master alloy contains Si18% by weight; the composition of Al-Ti master alloy contains Ti35% by weight; the composition of chromium additive contains Cr75% by weight; the composition of Al-Zr master alloy by weight The percentage contains Zr4%; the composition of the iron additive contains Fe80% by weight percentage;
对熔炼炉内的熔体使用氩气进行除气处理7min，处理完毕后在750±5℃静置14min，再去除合金熔体表面的浮渣；氩气流量为10L/min； The melt in the melting furnace is degassed with argon for 7 minutes. After the treatment, it is left to stand at 750±5°C for 14 minutes, and then the scum on the surface of the alloy melt is removed; the flow rate of argon is 10L/min;
获得铝合金铸锭的成分按重量百分比含Si1.0%，Mg1.54%，Cu1.2%，Cr0.15%，Zr0.2%，Fe0.4%，Ti0.04%，余量为Al和杂质；其中杂质含量按重量百分比为0.11%，并且Zn的含量按重量百分比为0.014%； The composition of the obtained aluminum alloy ingot contains Si1.0%, Mg1.54%, Cu1.2%, Cr0.15%, Zr0.2%, Fe0.4%, Ti0.04% by weight percentage, and the balance is Al and impurities; wherein the content of impurities is 0.11% by weight, and the content of Zn is 0.014% by weight;
将铝合金铸锭均匀化处理，在520~540℃下保温16h，然后取出风冷至室温； Homogenize the aluminum alloy ingot, heat it at 520~540°C for 16 hours, then take it out and cool it to room temperature;
在温度400℃条件下，保温2小时；然后进行热挤压变形，挤压比为82； At a temperature of 400°C, keep warm for 2 hours; then carry out hot extrusion deformation, and the extrusion ratio is 82;
将挤压棒材在560℃条件下保温1h进行固溶处理，然后水淬至室温，再升温至180℃保温9h进行人工时效处理，最后空冷至室温，获得超高强6000系铝合金棒材，抗拉强度508MPa，屈服强度485Pa，延伸率11.52%。 The extruded rods were heat-preserved at 560°C for 1 hour for solution treatment, then water-quenched to room temperature, then heated to 180°C for 9 hours for artificial aging treatment, and finally air-cooled to room temperature to obtain ultra-high-strength 6000-series aluminum alloy rods. The tensile strength is 508MPa, the yield strength is 485Pa, and the elongation is 11.52%.
实施例4 Example 4
方法同实施例1，不同点在于： Method is with embodiment 1, and difference is:
不加入Al-Ti中间合金； Do not add Al-Ti master alloy;
对熔炼炉内的熔体使用氩气进行除气处理8min，处理完毕后在750±5℃静置16min，再去除合金熔体表面的浮渣；氩气流量为17L/min； The melt in the melting furnace is degassed with argon for 8 minutes, and after the treatment is completed, it is left to stand at 750±5°C for 16 minutes, and then the scum on the surface of the alloy melt is removed; the flow rate of argon is 17L/min;
铝合金铸锭的成分按重量百分比含Si1.3%，Mg1.49%，Cu1.1%，Cr0.125%，Zr0.1%，Fe0.35%，余量为Al和杂质；其中杂质含量按重量百分比为0.15%，并且Zn的含量按重量百分比为0.010%； The composition of the aluminum alloy ingot contains Si1.3%, Mg1.49%, Cu1.1%, Cr0.125%, Zr0.1%, Fe0.35% by weight percentage, and the balance is Al and impurities; the impurity content It is 0.15% by weight, and the content of Zn is 0.010% by weight;
将铝合金铸锭均匀化处理，在530~550℃下保温12h，然后取出风冷至室温； Homogenize the aluminum alloy ingot, heat it at 530~550°C for 12 hours, then take it out and cool it to room temperature;
在温度500℃条件下，保温1小时；然后进行热挤压变形，挤压比为50； At a temperature of 500°C, keep warm for 1 hour; then carry out hot extrusion deformation, and the extrusion ratio is 50;
将挤压棒材在540℃条件下保温2h进行固溶处理，然后水淬至室温，再升温至160℃保温32h进行人工时效处理，最后空冷至室温，获得超高强6000系铝合金棒材，抗拉强度502MPa，屈服强度475MPa，延伸率12%。 The extruded rods were kept at 540°C for 2 hours for solution treatment, then water quenched to room temperature, then heated to 160°C for 32 hours for artificial aging treatment, and finally air-cooled to room temperature to obtain ultra-high-strength 6000 series aluminum alloy rods. The tensile strength is 502MPa, the yield strength is 475MPa, and the elongation is 12%.
实施例5 Example 5
方法同实施例1，不同点在于： Method is with embodiment 1, and difference is:
选用的Al-Si中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Si25%；Al-Ti中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Ti40%；铬添加剂的成分按重量百分比含Cr80%；Al-Zr中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Zr5%；铁添加剂的成分按重量百分比含Fe75%； The composition of the selected Al-Si master alloy contains Si25% by weight; the composition of Al-Ti master alloy contains Ti40% by weight; the composition of chromium additive contains Cr80% by weight; the composition of Al-Zr master alloy by weight The percentage contains Zr5%; the composition of the iron additive contains Fe75% by weight percentage;
对熔炼炉内的熔体使用氩气进行除气处理9min，处理完毕后在750±5℃静置18min，再去除合金熔体表面的浮渣；氩气流量为20L/min； The melt in the melting furnace is degassed with argon for 9 minutes. After the treatment, it is left to stand at 750±5°C for 18 minutes, and then the scum on the surface of the alloy melt is removed; the flow rate of argon is 20L/min;
铝合金铸锭的成分按重量百分比含Si1.11%，Mg1.4%，Cu1.0%，Cr0.2%，Zr0.18%，Fe0.48%，Ti0.011%，余量为Al和杂质；其中杂质含量按重量百分比为0.08%，并且Zn的含量按重量百分比为0.013%； The composition of aluminum alloy ingots contains Si1.11%, Mg1.4%, Cu1.0%, Cr0.2%, Zr0.18%, Fe0.48%, Ti0.011% by weight percentage, and the balance is Al and Impurities; wherein the content of impurities is 0.08% by weight, and the content of Zn is 0.013% by weight;
将铝合金铸锭均匀化处理，在520~540℃下保温20h，然后取出风冷至室温； Homogenize the aluminum alloy ingot, keep it at 520~540°C for 20 hours, then take it out and cool it to room temperature;
在温度450℃条件下，保温1.5小时；然后进行热挤压变形，挤压比为40； At a temperature of 450°C, keep warm for 1.5 hours; then carry out hot extrusion deformation, and the extrusion ratio is 40;
将挤压棒材在530℃条件下保温3h进行固溶处理，然后水淬至室温，再升温至170℃保温22h进行人工时效处理，最后空冷至室温，获得超高强6000系铝合金棒材，抗拉强度510MPa，屈服强度490MPa，延伸率10.6%。 The extruded rods were kept at 530°C for 3 hours for solution treatment, then water quenched to room temperature, then heated to 170°C for 22 hours for artificial aging treatment, and finally air-cooled to room temperature to obtain ultra-high-strength 6000 series aluminum alloy rods. The tensile strength is 510MPa, the yield strength is 490MPa, and the elongation is 10.6%.
实施例6 Example 6
方法同实施例1，不同点在于： Method is with embodiment 1, and difference is:
不加入Al-Ti中间合金； Do not add Al-Ti master alloy;
选用的Al-Si中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Si20%；铬添加剂的成分按重量百分比含Cr75%；Al-Zr中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Zr4%；铁添加剂的成分按重量百分比含Fe80%； The composition of the selected Al-Si master alloy contains Si20% by weight; the composition of chromium additive contains Cr75% by weight; the composition of Al-Zr master alloy contains Zr4% by weight; the composition of iron additive contains Fe80 by weight %;
对熔炼炉内的熔体使用氩气进行除气处理10min，处理完毕后在750±5℃静置20min，再去除合金熔体表面的浮渣；氩气流量为10L/min； Use argon to degas the melt in the melting furnace for 10 minutes. After the treatment, let it stand at 750±5°C for 20 minutes, and then remove the scum on the surface of the alloy melt; the flow rate of argon is 10L/min;
铝合金铸锭的成分按重量百分比含Si1.05%，Mg1.6%，Cu1.01%，Cr0.1%，Zr0.13%，Fe0.55%，余量为Al和杂质；其中杂质含量按重量百分比为0.14%，并且Zn的含量按重量百分比为0.011%； The composition of the aluminum alloy ingot contains Si1.05%, Mg1.6%, Cu1.01%, Cr0.1%, Zr0.13%, Fe0.55% by weight percentage, and the balance is Al and impurities; the impurity content It is 0.14% by weight, and the content of Zn is 0.011% by weight;
将铝合金铸锭均匀化处理，在520~540℃下保温15h，然后取出风冷至室温； Homogenize the aluminum alloy ingot, heat it at 520~540°C for 15 hours, then take it out and cool it to room temperature;
在温度400℃条件下，保温2小时；然后进行热挤压变形，挤压比为15； At a temperature of 400°C, keep warm for 2 hours; then carry out hot extrusion deformation, and the extrusion ratio is 15;
将挤压棒材在560℃温度下保温1h进行固溶处理，然后水淬至室温，再升温至180℃保温10h进行人工时效处理，最后空冷至室温，获得超高强6000系铝合金棒材，抗拉强度515MPa，屈服强度496MPa，延伸率10.75%。 The extruded rods were kept at 560°C for 1 hour for solution treatment, then water quenched to room temperature, then heated to 180°C for 10 hours for artificial aging treatment, and finally air-cooled to room temperature to obtain ultra-high-strength 6000 series aluminum alloy rods. The tensile strength is 515MPa, the yield strength is 496MPa, and the elongation is 10.75%.
实施例7 Example 7
方法同实施例1，不同点在于： Method is with embodiment 1, and difference is:
对熔炼炉内的熔体使用氩气进行除气处理5min，处理完毕后在750±5℃静置10min，再去除合金熔体表面的浮渣；氩气流量为15L/min； Use argon to degas the melt in the melting furnace for 5 minutes. After the treatment, let it stand at 750±5°C for 10 minutes, and then remove the scum on the surface of the alloy melt; the flow rate of argon is 15L/min;
铝合金铸锭的成分按重量百分比含Si0.9%，Mg1.7%，Cu0.9%，Cr0.05%，Zr0.08%，Fe0.7%，Ti0.04%，余量为Al和杂质；其中杂质含量按重量百分比为0.14%，并且Zn的含量按重量百分比为0.010%； The composition of the aluminum alloy ingot contains Si0.9%, Mg1.7%, Cu0.9%, Cr0.05%, Zr0.08%, Fe0.7%, Ti0.04% by weight percentage, and the balance is Al and Impurities; wherein the content of impurities is 0.14% by weight, and the content of Zn is 0.010% by weight;
将铝合金铸锭均匀化处理，在530~550℃下保温20h，然后取出风冷至室温； Homogenize the aluminum alloy ingot, heat it at 530~550°C for 20 hours, then take it out and cool it to room temperature;
在温度500℃条件下，保温1小时；然后进行热挤压变形，挤压比为60； At a temperature of 500°C, keep warm for 1 hour; then carry out hot extrusion deformation, and the extrusion ratio is 60;
将挤压棒材在530℃温度下保温3h进行固溶处理，然后水淬至室温，再升温至160℃保温28h进行人工时效处理，最后空冷至室温，获得超高强6000系铝合金棒材，抗拉强度515MPa，屈服强度500MPa，延伸率10.1%。 The extruded rods were kept at 530°C for 3 hours for solution treatment, then water quenched to room temperature, then heated to 160°C for 28 hours for artificial aging treatment, and finally air-cooled to room temperature to obtain ultra-high-strength 6000 series aluminum alloy rods. The tensile strength is 515MPa, the yield strength is 500MPa, and the elongation is 10.1%.
实施例8 Example 8
方法同实施例1，不同点在于： Method is with embodiment 1, and difference is:
选用的Al-Si中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Si25%；Al-Ti中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Ti40%；铬添加剂的成分按重量百分比含Cr80%；Al-Zr中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Zr5%；铁添加剂的成分按重量百分比含Fe75%； The composition of the selected Al-Si master alloy contains Si25% by weight; the composition of Al-Ti master alloy contains Ti40% by weight; the composition of chromium additive contains Cr80% by weight; the composition of Al-Zr master alloy by weight The percentage contains Zr5%; the composition of the iron additive contains Fe75% by weight percentage;
对熔炼炉内的熔体使用氩气进行除气处理8min，处理完毕后在750±5℃静置15min，再去除合金熔体表面的浮渣；氩气流量为20L/min； Use argon to degas the melt in the melting furnace for 8 minutes. After the treatment, let it stand at 750±5°C for 15 minutes, and then remove the scum on the surface of the alloy melt; the flow rate of argon is 20L/min;
铝合金铸锭的成分按重量百分比含Si1.4%，Mg1.8%，Cu1.3%，Cr0.25%，Zr0.25%，Fe0.3%，Ti0.01%，余量为Al和杂质；其中杂质含量按重量百分比为0.09%，并且Zn的含量按重量百分比为0.008%； The composition of the aluminum alloy ingot contains Si1.4%, Mg1.8%, Cu1.3%, Cr0.25%, Zr0.25%, Fe0.3%, Ti0.01% by weight percentage, and the balance is Al and Impurities; wherein the content of impurities is 0.09% by weight, and the content of Zn is 0.008% by weight;
将铝合金铸锭均匀化处理，在520~540℃下保温18h，然后取出风冷至室温； Homogenize the aluminum alloy ingot, heat it at 520~540°C for 18 hours, then take it out and cool it to room temperature;
在温度450℃条件下，保温1.5小时；然后进行热挤压变形，挤压比为20； At a temperature of 450°C, keep warm for 1.5 hours; then carry out hot extrusion deformation, and the extrusion ratio is 20;
将挤压棒材在540℃温度下保温2h进行固溶处理，然后水淬至室温，再升温至160℃保温30h进行人工时效处理，最后空冷至室温，获得超高强6000系铝合金棒材，抗拉强度500MPa，屈服强度465MPa，延伸率13.6%。 The extruded rods were kept at 540°C for 2 hours for solution treatment, then water quenched to room temperature, then heated to 160°C for 30 hours for artificial aging treatment, and finally air-cooled to room temperature to obtain ultra-high-strength 6000 series aluminum alloy rods. The tensile strength is 500MPa, the yield strength is 465MPa, and the elongation is 13.6%.
实施例9 Example 9
方法同实施例1，不同点在于： Method is with embodiment 1, and difference is:
不加入Al-Ti中间合金； Do not add Al-Ti master alloy;
选用的Al-Si中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Si20%；铬添加剂的成分按重量百分比含Cr75%；Al-Zr中间合金的成分按重量百分比含Zr4%；铁添加剂的成分按重量百分比含Fe80%； The composition of the selected Al-Si master alloy contains Si20% by weight; the composition of chromium additive contains Cr75% by weight; the composition of Al-Zr master alloy contains Zr4% by weight; the composition of iron additive contains Fe80 by weight %;
对熔炼炉内的熔体使用氩气进行除气处理10min，处理完毕后在750±5℃静置20min，再去除合金熔体表面的浮渣；氩气流量为10L/min； Use argon to degas the melt in the melting furnace for 10 minutes. After the treatment, let it stand at 750±5°C for 20 minutes, and then remove the scum on the surface of the alloy melt; the flow rate of argon is 10L/min;
铝合金铸锭成分按重量百分比含Si0.96%，Mg1.6%，Cu0.95%，Cr0.1%，Zr0.05%，Fe0.65%，余量为Al和杂质；其中杂质含量按重量百分比为0.08%，并且Zn的含量按重量百分比为0.009%； The aluminum alloy ingot composition contains Si0.96%, Mg1.6%, Cu0.95%, Cr0.1%, Zr0.05%, Fe0.65% by weight percentage, and the balance is Al and impurities; the impurity content is according to The weight percentage is 0.08%, and the content of Zn is 0.009% by weight percentage;
将铝合金铸锭均匀化处理，在520~540℃下保温24h，然后取出风冷至室温； Homogenize the aluminum alloy ingot, heat it at 520~540°C for 24 hours, then take it out and cool it to room temperature;
在温度400℃条件下，保温2小时；然后进行热挤压变形，挤压比为40； At a temperature of 400°C, keep warm for 2 hours; then carry out hot extrusion deformation, and the extrusion ratio is 40;
将挤压棒材在560℃温度下保温1.5h进行固溶处理，然后水淬至室温，再升温至180℃保温9h进行人工时效处理，最后空冷至室温，获得超高强6000系铝合金棒材，抗拉强度516MPa，屈服强度501MPa，延伸率10.2%。 The extruded rods were kept at 560°C for 1.5h for solution treatment, then water quenched to room temperature, then heated to 180°C for 9h for artificial aging treatment, and finally air-cooled to room temperature to obtain ultra-high strength 6000 series aluminum alloy rods , Tensile strength 516MPa, yield strength 501MPa, elongation 10.2%.
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