CN103466933B - Superposition method extrudes squeezing device and the method for chalcogenide glass fiber prefabricated rods - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an extruding device and method for extruding a chalcogenide glass optical fiber preform rod by superimposition method. There is a heating furnace group for heating the extrusion cylinder. There is a vacuum chamber outside the heating furnace group. The vacuum chamber is connected with the vacuum pump. The extrusion pad is arranged in the extrusion cylinder. The lower end of the extrusion cylinder is provided with an extrusion port. At the bottom of the extruding cylinder, the die hole of the mold is connected with the extrusion port, and the bottom of the extruding cylinder is provided with an annealing furnace for annealing the extruded optical fiber preform, and the lower part of the annealing furnace is provided with a traction device. The extruding device and method of the present invention have the characteristics of good controllability and high production efficiency; by adopting the superposition method to extrude the chalcogenide glass, the obtained optical fiber preform has a uniform structure, smooth inner and outer surfaces, and an ideal interface, and the surface layer has a structure composed of high The protective layer composed of molecular polymer is convenient for the performance test after drawing the optical fiber.

Description

Extrusion device and method for extruding chalcogenide glass optical fiber preform by superposition method

technical field

The invention relates to the preparation of a chalcogenide glass optical fiber preform rod, in particular to an extrusion device and method for extruding a chalcogenide glass optical fiber preform rod by a stacking method.

Background technique

In the preparation process of communication optical fiber, one of the important contents is the preparation of optical fiber preform. At present, there are four kinds of traditional optical fiber preform preparation technologies, which are external vapor deposition (OVD) and vapor axial deposition. (VAD), modified vapor deposition (MCVD) and plasma chemical vapor deposition (PCVD). In the past two decades, the OVD method has developed from single torch deposition to simultaneous deposition of multiple torches, and the deposition rate has doubled, realizing the simultaneous deposition of multiple rods by one device, and the development of a one-step process from sequentially depositing core cladding to make preforms In the two-step method, a large-diameter core rod is prepared first, and then drawn into a small-diameter core rod or not thinned, and then the optical fiber preform is prepared by using the outer cladding technology, which improves the production efficiency and reduces the production cost. However, the MCVD method, especially the PCVD method, OVD method and VAD method, is easier to accurately control the radial refractive index distribution of the core rod, so it is more effective for the preparation of multimode fiber MMF and non-zero dispersion fiber DZDF core preform.

Chalcogenide glass has excellent mid-to-far infrared transmission properties, high refractive index, and extremely high nonlinear refractive index coefficient. Due to its excellent infrared transmission performance, chalcogenide glass fiber can be used in mid-infrared laser energy transmission, spatial nulling interferometer, mid-infrared biological and chemical sensors, mid-infrared fiber laser and other fields. However, the traditional methods for preparing optical fiber preforms such as the OVD method, VAD method, MCVD method and PCVD method mentioned above are not suitable for the preparation of chalcogenide glass optical fiber preform rods.

The stacking method is currently the most common method for making chalcogenide glass optical fiber preforms invented by Monro of the University of Southampton in the United Kingdom. In 2006, the French company Perfos and the University of Rennes 1 jointly reported a Ga ₅ Ge ₂₀ Sb ₁₀ Se ₆₅ microstructure fiber with complex structure prepared by stacking method. Although the stacking method is currently the most mature method for making chalcogenide glass optical fiber preforms, the stacking method has a large workload, and the brittle chalcogenide glass capillaries are prone to defects on the surface, and the capillaries that form capillary bundles during heating and stretching The interior is prone to air hole collapse and deformation, and there are many defects such as crystallization particles and bubbles between the capillary interfaces. The interfacial air defects generated by the insufficient fusion of the gap between capillaries during the collapse process are the main ones. Because it is difficult to precisely control the fabrication and drawing of porous preforms with complex structures by air pressure stratification control, the loss of the prepared chalcogenide glass microstructure optical fibers is generally high.

The casting method is another preparation method of chalcogenide glass optical fiber preform invented by Quentin Coulombier et al. at the University of Rennes 1 in France in 2010. The process is roughly as follows: in a vacuum high-temperature closed quartz tube, the purified molten chalcogenide glass flows into a quartz frame body constructed of multiple quartz solid thin rods, and the thin rods are fixed on the perforated quartz sheet before and after. Two quartz flakes are heated by a hydrogen-oxygen flame and bonded to the wall of the quartz tube. After the high temperature is fully melted, the quartz tube is erected so that the glass liquid flows into the frame body composed of solid rods. After quenching and precision annealing, the The prepared chalcogenide glass rod is soaked in hydrofluoric acid with a concentration of 40%, and the thin quartz rod is dissolved to obtain a chalcogenide glass optical fiber preform. Compared with the stacking method, the casting method has obvious advantages: for example, the casting method has a simple process, avoids the inaccurate arrangement caused by the artificial factors of stacking capillary glass tube arrangement in the stacking method, and is easy to prepare optical fiber preforms with different cross-sectional structures. However, for the chalcogenide glass optical fiber preform prepared by the casting method, the subsequent preparation of the chalcogenide glass microstructured optical fiber also has certain defects, and the microstructured optical fiber with different core cladding components cannot be prepared, and the inner wall of the hole after the inner quartz rod is corroded The finish remains a key issue.

Although both the stacking method and the casting method have successfully produced chalcogenide glass optical fiber preforms, the optical fiber produced by these two methods has a large loss and the process is relatively complicated, so it is not suitable for large-scale production. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new preparation method for chalcogenide glass optical fiber preforms to improve the quality and production efficiency of chalcogenide glass optical fiber preforms. At present, there are few domestic patents and documents on the preparation of chalcogenide optical fiber preforms by the superposition method. Among them, the domestic patent CN1081654A is a method for manufacturing optical fiber preforms, mainly to obtain a plastic optical fiber with high mechanical strength and no air bubbles, while It is not concerned with the preparation of chalcogenide glass optical fiber preforms. Patent CN102531377 introduces a vacuum extruder for preparing chalcogenide glass optical fiber preforms. The extruder extrudes the chalcogenide glass so that the softened glass passes through the mold, and the chalcogenide glass is then annealed. Chalcogenide glass optical fiber preforms can be obtained, but when the extruder extrudes the chalcogenide glass optical fiber preforms, the extruded preforms are greatly affected by gravity, resulting in various defects such as uneven structure and composition of the preforms , the production efficiency is not high, and it will adversely affect the quality of the subsequent drawn optical fiber.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an extrusion device and method for extruding a chalcogenide glass optical fiber preform with good controllability and high production efficiency in view of the deficiencies in the prior art.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: an extruding device for extruding a chalcogenide glass optical fiber preform by superposition method, including a pushing mechanism, an extruding rod, an extruding barrel, an extruding pad and a mould. The mechanism is arranged above the extruding cylinder, the extruding rod is fixedly connected with the pushing mechanism, and a heating furnace group for heating the extruding cylinder is arranged outside the extruding cylinder , a vacuum chamber is arranged outside the heating furnace group, the vacuum chamber is connected with a vacuum pump, the extrusion pad is arranged in the extrusion cylinder, and the lower end of the extrusion cylinder is provided with an extrusion port , the mold is arranged at the bottom of the extrusion cylinder, the die hole of the mold communicates with the extrusion port, and the bottom of the extrusion cylinder is provided with a preform for the extruded optical fiber An annealing furnace for annealing, the lower part of the annealing furnace is provided with a traction device.

Preferably, the extrusion pad is fixedly connected to the extrusion rod; a positioning device for preventing the extruded rod from bending is provided between the cooling furnace and the traction device. The extrusion pad is fixedly connected with the extrusion rod, which facilitates the replacement of the extrusion pad and makes the extrusion operation more convenient.

Preferably, the heating furnace group includes a first heating furnace and a second heating furnace, the first heating furnace is arranged on the upper part of the extrusion barrel, and the second heating furnace is arranged on the Squeeze the lower part of the barrel. During use, according to the composition and extrusion characteristics of the chalcogenide glass and high molecular polymer, different temperatures of the first heating furnace and the second heating furnace are set, which is beneficial to the smooth progress of the extrusion process.

Preferably, it also includes a temperature control platform, a temperature sensor is provided on the outside of the extrusion cylinder, the temperature sensor, the first heating furnace, the second heating furnace and the cooling furnace All are connected with the temperature control platform. The temperature control platform can precisely control the temperature of the first heating furnace, the second heating furnace and the cooling furnace, which ensures the accuracy and controllability of the temperature during the extrusion and cooling process. At the same time, the temperature control platform can monitor the actual extrusion temperature during extrusion. When the actual extrusion temperature exceeds the set extrusion temperature, the temperature control platform will automatically alarm.

Preferably, a pressure sensor is installed on the extruding rod, one end of the pressure sensor is connected with a pressure display device, and the other end of the pressure sensor is connected with the pushing mechanism. The pressure sensor and the pressure display device can provide the size of the extrusion force, which is convenient for the control of the extrusion process.

Preferably, the pushing mechanism is provided with a pressure alarm, and the pressure alarm is connected with the pressure display device. When the thrust of the pushing mechanism is higher than the set extrusion force, the pressure alarm will alarm, and the pushing mechanism will stop working automatically.

Preferably, a computer control platform is also included, and the computer control platform is respectively connected with the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor. The computer control platform can record the data of extrusion force and extrusion temperature changing with time, which enhances the controllability of the extrusion process.

Preferably, the inner surface of the extrusion cylinder and the surface of the mold are coated with a graphite layer. Graphite has excellent heat resistance. In addition, after the extruded cylinder and the mold are coated with a graphite layer, graphite will also adhere to the surface of the extruded optical fiber preform, which has a certain protective effect on the extruded optical fiber preform.

A method for extruding a chalcogenide glass optical fiber preform by a stacking method, comprising the following steps:

1) Prepare multiple pieces of chalcogenide glass and polymer, rinse with alcohol, dry, and put them in a vacuum container;

2) First take out a piece of high molecular polymer, then stack multiple sheets of chalcogenide glass on the top of the high molecular polymer, and then put the superimposed high molecular polymer and chalcogenide glass into the extrusion cylinder together Inside, and the high molecular polymer is placed at the bottom of the extrusion barrel;

3) Use a vacuum pump to evacuate the vacuum chamber. When the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber is lower than 10 ^-2 Pa, add inert gas to the vacuum chamber so that the air pressure in the vacuum chamber is the same as the external atmospheric pressure;

4) Open the temperature control platform, set the temperature of the heating furnace group and the cooling furnace, and set the temperature T of the mold as Tg<T<Tx, where Tx is the crystallization temperature of the chalcogenide glass, and Tg is the chalcogenide glass The transition temperature, while making the temperature T of the mold slightly higher than the softening temperature of the high molecular polymer;

5) Set the extrusion speed of the pushing mechanism and the traction speed of the traction device, and make the traction speed the same as the extrusion speed, then start the extrusion device, and the heating furnace group will heat the extrusion cylinder to make the extrusion cylinder The chalcogenide glass and high molecular polymer are heated and softened; the pushing mechanism slowly and evenly extrudes the softened chalcogenide glass and high molecular polymer; the extruded extruded rod is deheated by the cooling furnace and drawn out by the traction device;

6) After annealing the extruded rod drawn out at the transition temperature Tg of chalcogenide glass for 4-6 hours, then slowly cool down to room temperature; the chalcogenide glass optical fiber preform is obtained.

Preferably, the high molecular polymer is any one of polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide, polysulfone, polyethersulfone and polyarylsulfone; the inert gas is nitrogen or argon.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of: the extruding device for extruding chalcogenide glass optical fiber preform by superposition method of the present invention has a heating furnace set outside the extruding cylinder, and a cooling furnace is arranged at the bottom of the extruding cylinder. The lower part of the cooling furnace is equipped with a traction device. When using it, set the traction speed to be the same as the extrusion speed, so as to ensure that when the chalcogenide glass optical fiber preform is extruded, the uniformity of its structure will not be affected by gravity. Impact; the extruding device and method of the present invention for extruding chalcogenide glass optical fiber preform by superposition method have the characteristics of good controllability and high production efficiency; The structural composition is uniform, the inner and outer surfaces are smooth, and the interface is ideal, and the surface layer of the obtained chalcogenide glass optical fiber preform has a protective layer composed of high molecular polymer, which is convenient for the performance test after the preform is drawn into an optical fiber.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the extrusion device of the embodiment.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, an extrusion device for extruding a chalcogenide glass optical fiber preform by superposition method, including a pushing mechanism 1, an extrusion rod 2, an extrusion cylinder 3, an extrusion pad 4, a mold 5, and a temperature control platform 6 And the computer control platform 7, the pushing mechanism 1 is arranged on the top of the extrusion cylinder 3, the extrusion rod 2 is fixedly connected with the push mechanism 1, the extrusion pad 4 is fixedly connected with the extrusion rod 2, and the extrusion cylinder 3 is provided with a The heating furnace group for heating the extrusion cylinder 3, the heating furnace group includes a first heating furnace 81 and a second heating furnace 82, the first heating furnace 81 is arranged on the top of the extrusion cylinder 3, and the second heating furnace 82 is arranged on the extrusion The lower part of the cylinder 3 is provided with a vacuum chamber 9 outside the heating furnace group, the vacuum chamber 9 is connected with a vacuum pump 91, the extrusion pad 4 is arranged in the extrusion cylinder 3, the lower end of the extrusion cylinder 3 is provided with an extrusion port 32, and the mold 5 is set At the bottom of the extrusion cylinder 3, the die hole 51 of the mold 5 communicates with the extrusion port 32, and the bottom of the extrusion cylinder 3 is provided with an annealing furnace 10 for annealing the extruded optical fiber preform. The lower part is provided with a traction device 11, and a positioning device 12 for preventing the extruded rod from bending is provided between the cooling furnace 10 and the traction device 11.

A temperature sensor 31 is provided outside the extrusion cylinder 3 , and the temperature sensor 31 , the first heating furnace 81 , the second heating furnace 82 and the cooling furnace 10 are all connected to the temperature control platform 6 .

A pressure sensor 21 is installed on the extruding rod 2 , one end of the pressure sensor 21 is connected with a pressure display device 13 , and the other end of the pressure sensor 21 is connected with the pushing mechanism 1 .

The pushing mechanism 1 is provided with a pressure alarm 14 which is connected with the pressure display device 13 .

The computer control platform 7 is connected with the pressure sensor 21 and the temperature sensor 31 respectively.

In the above extrusion device, the inner surface of the extrusion cylinder 3 and the surface of the die 5 may be coated with a graphite layer.

Extrude chalcogenide glasses with different components using the above extrusion device to prepare optical fiber preforms:

Example 1: Extrude an optical fiber preform from a chalcogenide glass whose components are sulfide, selenide and antimonide. The ∆T of the chalcogenide glass is greater than 100°C, where ∆T=Tx-Tg, and Tx should be a chalcogenide The crystallization temperature of the glass, Tg is the transition temperature of the chalcogenide glass; the extrusion method includes the following steps: 1) Prepare multiple pieces of chalcogenide glass and polyethersulfone (PES), rinse with alcohol and dry, Put it into a vacuum container; 2) First take out a piece of polyethersulfone, then stack multiple pieces of chalcogenide glass on top of the piece of polyethersulfone, and then put the stacked polyethersulfone and chalcogenide glass together 3) Use a vacuum pump to evacuate the vacuum chamber, and when the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber is lower than 10 ^-2 Pa, replenish the vacuum chamber Inert gas, the inert gas can be nitrogen or argon, so that the pressure in the vacuum chamber is the same as the external atmospheric pressure; 4) Open the temperature control platform, set the temperature of the heating furnace group and the cooling furnace, and set the temperature of the mold T is Tg<T<Tx, and at the same time make the temperature T of the mold slightly higher than the softening temperature of the polymer; 5) Set the extrusion speed of the pushing mechanism and the pulling speed of the pulling device, and make the pulling speed and extrusion The speed is the same to ensure that the uniformity of the structure of the chalcogenide glass is not affected by gravity when it is extruded. Polyethersulfone is softened by heat; the push mechanism slowly and evenly extrudes the softened chalcogenide glass and polyethersulfone; the extruded extruded rod is deheated by the cooling furnace and drawn out by the traction device; the labview in the computer control platform The programming software reads and records the data of extrusion force and extrusion temperature changing with time; 6) After annealing the drawn extruded rod at the transition temperature Tg of chalcogenide glass for 4 hours, it is then slowly cooled to room temperature; that is, it is implemented An optical fiber preform of Example 1.

Example 2: extruding an optical fiber preform from a chalcogenide glass whose components are sulfide and selenide, the ΔT of the chalcogenide glass is greater than 240°C, where ΔT=Tx-Tg, and Tx is the analytical value of the chalcogenide glass Crystallization temperature, Tg is the transition temperature of the chalcogenide glass; the extrusion method includes the following steps: 1) Prepare a number of pieces of chalcogenide glass and polysulfone (PSU), rinse with alcohol, dry, and put them into a vacuum container Middle; 2) Take out a piece of polysulfone first, then stack several sheets of chalcogenide glass on top of the piece of polysulfone, then put the stacked polysulfone and chalcogenide glass into the extrusion cylinder together, and make The high molecular polymer is placed at the bottom of the extrusion cylinder; 3) Use a vacuum pump to evacuate the vacuum chamber. When the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber is lower than 10 ^-2 Pa, add inert gas to the vacuum chamber, and the inert gas can Nitrogen or argon, so that the air pressure in the vacuum chamber is the same as the external atmospheric pressure; 4) Open the temperature control platform, set the temperature of the heating furnace group and the cooling furnace, and set the temperature T of the mold as Tg<T<Tx , and at the same time make the temperature T of the mold slightly higher than the softening temperature of the polymer; 5) Set the extrusion speed of the pushing mechanism and the pulling speed of the pulling device, and make the pulling speed the same as the extrusion speed to ensure that the sulfur system The uniformity of the structural composition of the glass when it is extruded is not affected by gravity, and then the extrusion device is started, and the heating furnace group heats the extrusion cylinder to soften the chalcogenide glass and polysulfone in the extrusion cylinder; the pushing mechanism Slowly and evenly extrude the softened chalcogenide glass and polysulfone; the extruded extruded rod is deheated through the cooling furnace and drawn out by the traction device; the labview programming software in the computer control platform reads and records the extrusion The data of force and extrusion temperature changing with time; 6) After annealing the extracted extruded rod at the transition temperature Tg of chalcogenide glass for 5 hours, the temperature was slowly lowered to room temperature; that is, the optical fiber preform of Example 2 was obtained.

Embodiment 3: Extrude an optical fiber preform from a chalcogenide glass whose components are sulfide, selenide and telluride. The ∆T of the chalcogenide glass is greater than 150°C, where ∆T=Tx-Tg, and Tx is the chalcogenide The crystallization temperature of the glass, Tg is the transition temperature of the chalcogenide glass; the extrusion method includes the following steps: 1) Prepare multiple pieces of chalcogenide glass and polyimide (PI), rinse with alcohol and dry , and put it into a vacuum container; 2) First take out a piece of polyimide, then stack multiple pieces of chalcogenide glass on top of the piece of polyimide, and then put the stacked polyimide and chalcogenide glass together Put the glass into the extrusion cylinder together, and place the high molecular polymer at the bottom of the extrusion cylinder; 3) Use a vacuum pump to evacuate the vacuum chamber. When the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber is lower than 10 ^-2 Pa, Supplement the inert gas in the vacuum chamber, the inert gas can be nitrogen or argon, so that the air pressure in the vacuum chamber is the same as the external atmospheric pressure; 4) Open the temperature control platform, set the temperature of the heating furnace group and the cooling furnace, and set Set the temperature T of the mold as Tg<T<Tx, and at the same time make the temperature T of the mold slightly higher than the softening temperature of the polymer; 5) Set the extrusion speed of the pushing mechanism and the pulling speed of the pulling device, and make the pulling The speed is the same as the extrusion speed to ensure that the structural composition of the chalcogenide glass is not affected by gravity when it is extruded, and then the extrusion device is started, and the heating furnace group heats the extrusion cylinder to make the extrusion cylinder The chalcogenide glass and polyimide are softened by heat; the pushing mechanism slowly and evenly extrudes the softened chalcogenide glass and polyimide; the extruded extruded rod is cooled by the cooling furnace and drawn out by the traction device; The labview programming software in the computer control platform reads and records the data of extrusion force and extrusion temperature changing with time; 6) Anneal the drawn extruded rod at the transition temperature Tg of chalcogenide glass for 6 hours, and then slowly cool down to room temperature; that is, the optical fiber preform of Example 3 is obtained.

Embodiment 4: Extrude an optical fiber preform from a chalcogenide glass whose components are telluride and sulfide. The ΔT of the chalcogenide glass is greater than 220°C, where ΔT=Tx-Tg, and Tx is the analytical value of the chalcogenide glass. crystallization temperature, Tg is the transition temperature of the chalcogenide glass; the extrusion method includes the following steps: 1) Prepare a plurality of sheets of chalcogenide glass and polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) with a softening temperature of 260~320°C, and use After rinsing with alcohol, dry it and put it in a vacuum container; 2) First take out a piece of polyphenylene sulfide, then stack multiple pieces of chalcogenide glass on the top of the piece of polyphenylene sulfide, and then put the stacked polyphenylene sulfide Put sulfide and chalcogenide glass together into the extrusion barrel, and place the polymer at the bottom of the extrusion barrel; 3) Use a vacuum pump to evacuate the vacuum chamber. When the vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber is lower than 10 ^- At ² Pa, add inert gas to the vacuum chamber. The inert gas can be nitrogen or argon, so that the pressure in the vacuum chamber is the same as the external atmospheric pressure; 4) Open the temperature control platform and set the heating furnace group and cooling furnace temperature, and set the temperature T of the mold as Tg<T<Tx, and at the same time make the temperature T of the mold slightly higher than the softening temperature of the polymer; 5) Set the extrusion speed of the pushing mechanism and the traction of the traction device speed, and make the traction speed the same as the extrusion speed, so as to ensure that the uniformity of the structural composition of the chalcogenide glass is not affected by gravity when it is extruded, and then start the extrusion device, and the heating furnace group will heat the extrusion cylinder, so that The chalcogenide glass and polyphenylene sulfide in the extrusion cylinder are softened by heat; the pushing mechanism slowly and evenly extrudes the softened chalcogenide glass and polyphenylene sulfide; Drawn out by the traction device; the labview programming software in the computer control platform reads and records the data of extrusion force and extrusion temperature changing with time; 6) anneals the drawn extruded rod at the transition temperature Tg of chalcogenide glass for 6 hours Afterwards, the temperature was slowly lowered to room temperature; that is, the optical fiber preform of Example 4 was obtained.

The chalcogenide glass optical fiber preform obtained in the above-mentioned embodiments 1 to 4 has a uniform structure, smooth inner and outer surfaces, and an ideal interface, and the surface layer has a protective layer composed of a high-molecular polymer, which facilitates the performance of the optical fiber after being drawn. test.

Claims (10)

1. superposition method extrudes the squeezing device of chalcogenide glass fiber prefabricated rods, comprise pushing mechanism, extrusion stem, container, pressure pad and mould, it is characterized in that described pushing mechanism is arranged on the top of described container, described extrusion stem is fixedly connected with described pushing mechanism, described container is outside equipped with the process furnace group for heating described container, described process furnace group is outside equipped with vacuum chamber, described vacuum chamber is connected with vacuum pump, described pressure pad is arranged in described container, the lower end of described container is provided with extrusion, described mould is arranged on the bottom of described container, the nib of described mould is connected with described extrusion, the bottom of described container is provided with the stove of bringing down a fever for annealing to the preform extruded, the bottom of described stove of bringing down a fever is provided with towing mechanism.

2. superposition method according to claim 1 extrudes the squeezing device of chalcogenide glass fiber prefabricated rods, it is characterized in that described pressure pad is fixedly connected with described extrusion stem; Described bring down a fever to be provided with between stove and described towing mechanism extrude the bending locating device of rod for preventing.

3. superposition method according to claim 1 and 2 extrudes the squeezing device of chalcogenide glass fiber prefabricated rods, it is characterized in that described process furnace group comprises the first process furnace and the second process furnace, the first described process furnace is arranged on the top of described container, and the second described process furnace is arranged on the bottom of described container.

4. superposition method according to claim 3 extrudes the squeezing device of chalcogenide glass fiber prefabricated rods, characterized by further comprising temperature control platform, the arranged outside of described container has temperature sensor, and described temperature sensor, the first described process furnace, the second described process furnace are all connected with described temperature control platform with described stove of bringing down a fever.

5. superposition method according to claim 4 extrudes the squeezing device of chalcogenide glass fiber prefabricated rods, it is characterized in that described extrusion stem is provided with pressure transmitter, one end of described pressure transmitter is connected with a pressure-display device, and the other end of described pressure transmitter is connected with described pushing mechanism.

6. superposition method according to claim 5 extrudes the squeezing device of chalcogenide glass fiber prefabricated rods, and it is characterized in that described pushing mechanism is provided with pressure warning unit, described pressure warning unit is connected with described pressure-display device.

7. superposition method according to claim 6 extrudes the squeezing device of chalcogenide glass fiber prefabricated rods, characterized by further comprising conputer controlled platform, and described conputer controlled platform is connected with described temperature sensor with described pressure transmitter respectively.

8. superposition method according to claim 1 and 2 extrudes the squeezing device of chalcogenide glass fiber prefabricated rods, it is characterized in that the internal surface of described container and the surface-coated of described mould have graphite linings.

9. superposition method extrudes the method for chalcogenide glass fiber prefabricated rods, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

1) get out chalcogenide glass and the high molecular polymer of polylith sheet, use alcohol rinse post-drying, put into vacuum vessel;

2) first a slice high molecular polymer is taken out, the chalcogenide glass of polylith sheet is superposed again successively on the top of this sheet high molecular polymer, then the high molecular polymer after superposition is put into container together with chalcogenide glass, and make high molecular polymer be placed on the lowermost end of container;

3) vacuum pump is utilized to vacuumize vacuum chamber, when the low vacuum of vacuum chamber is in 10 ^-2during Pa, topping up in vacuum chamber, makes the air pressure in vacuum chamber identical with external atmosphere pressure;

4) temperature control platform is opened, set process furnace group and the temperature of stove of bringing down a fever, and the temperature T setting mould is Tg<T<Tx, wherein Tx is the recrystallization temperature of chalcogenide glass, Tg is the transition temperature of chalcogenide glass, makes the softening temperature of temperature T a little more than high molecular polymer of mould simultaneously;

5) extrusion speed of pushing mechanism and the pulling speed of towing mechanism is set, and make pulling speed identical with extrusion speed, then start squeezing device, process furnace group heats container, makes the chalcogenide glass in container and high molecular polymer be subject to thermal softening; Chalcogenide glass after softening and high molecular polymer slowly, are equably extruded by pushing mechanism; The rod that extrudes extruded is brought down a fever through stove of bringing down a fever and is pulled device extraction;

6) extrude rod under the transition temperature Tg of chalcogenide glass after annealing 4 ~ 6h by what draw, then slow cooling is to room temperature; Namely chalcogenide glass fiber prefabricated rods is obtained.

10. superposition method according to claim 9 extrudes the method for chalcogenide glass fiber prefabricated rods, it is characterized in that the Δ T > 100 DEG C of described chalcogenide glass, wherein Δ T=Tx-Tg; Described high molecular polymer is any one in polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide and polysulfones; Described rare gas element is nitrogen or argon gas.