CN103462590B - Integrated intravascular OCT (optical coherence tomography) image and DSA (digital subtraction angiography) integrating offline treatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an integrated off-line processing system integrating intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) images and digital subtraction (DSA) images, including a data acquisition module, a blood vessel segmentation and reconstruction module for DSA images, and a blood vessel segmentation module for OCT images. Measurement module, three-dimensional blood vessel imaging module, linkage module of DSA image and OCT image, image report module and transmission module. The present invention combines DSA images and OCT images to process blood vessels in multiple directions, thereby contributing to the precise positioning of interesting blood vessel segments, and the blood vessel measurement results obtained through the blood vessel segmentation and reconstruction module of DSA images and the blood vessel measurement module of OCT images The comparison of the obtained cross-sectional blood vessel measurement results improves the accuracy of postoperative treatment and research of blood vessels by doctors or researchers, so as to provide a more complete treatment plan for subsequent interventional operations in similar cases.

Description

An integrated off-line processing system integrating intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) images and digital subtraction (DSA) images

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of medical equipment, and specifically refers to an integrated off-line processing system integrating intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) images and digital subtraction (DSA) images.

Background technique

Coronary angiography is an effective method for the diagnosis of coronary heart disease. Insert the catheter through the femoral artery, radial artery or other peripheral arteries, send it to the ascending aorta, then explore the left or right coronary artery orifice, inject contrast agent, and visualize the coronary arteries, which can clearly reveal the anatomical abnormalities of the coronary arteries The location, degree and scope of its obstructive lesions. Coronary angiography is currently an effective method for directly observing the shape of coronary arteries, and the medical profession calls it the "gold standard". Interventional treatment is required for areas with severe stenosis on angiography.

In clinical practice, coronary angiography also shows many deficiencies. For example, it can only show the condition of the lumen, but cannot show the vessel wall and atheromatous plaque where the lesion is located, and cannot provide detailed information on the shape and nature of the atheromatous plaque, which may cause the operator to underestimate the degree of coronary stenosis. This reduces the accuracy of evaluating coronary atherosclerosis and interventional therapy based on coronary angiography. In particular, the introduction of the concept of coronary vascular remodeling has forced people to re-evaluate the reliability of coronary angiography in the diagnosis and treatment of coronary heart disease. In the early stage of coronary atherosclerosis, with the increase of atherosclerotic plaque area, the coronary artery is compensatory expansion, and the lumen area may not be narrowed. This process is vascular remodeling. At this time, coronary angiography often fails Abnormal behavior.

Optical coherence tomography (OCT), which uses low-coherence light to scan cross-sections of biological tissues, generates cross-sectional images of tissues by recording the comparison curve of the scattering profile and the depth of each lateral position in the beam, which uses the latest high-resolution Scanning technology, in addition to the advantages of non-invasiveness and good repeatability, it can measure tissues and distances with a resolution of ≤ 10 μm, and can accurately analyze the plaque properties of blood vessels and stent steel beams. Since the optical coherence tomography probe is directly placed in the blood vessel cavity for detection, intravascular optical coherence tomography can not only accurately measure the size of the lumen and atheromatous plaque or fibrous plaque, but more importantly, it can provide The general tissue information of the block is obviously better than contrast in displaying the complex lesion morphology caused by interventional therapy.

For some lesions that require accurate analysis, such as thrombotic lesions and in-stent restenosis, OCT guidance is often required. However, the vast majority of DSA images and OCT images only give the operator a certain guiding significance during the operation, and after the operation, these data are accumulated in the CD or server hard disk. When these images need to be called again, It is impossible to effectively combine DSA and OCT images, and when studying these cases, each doctor or researcher may obtain different data at the same vascular lesion, creating many obstacles for clinical research and case review. Therefore, an image processing system that can combine DSA images and OCT images to achieve point-to-point measurement of blood vessels will help doctors or clinical researchers review and discuss cases and conduct clinical research after surgery, and then provide guidance for the next interventional surgery. Provide better solutions and promote the development of cardiovascular interventional surgery. However, this kind of technology is still blank in China, so it has great development space and research value.

Contents of the invention

In view of the problems raised by the background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated off-line processing system that integrates intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) images and digital subtraction (DSA) images. For this reason, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

The present invention includes seven modules: data acquisition module, blood vessel segmentation and reconstruction module of DSA image, blood vessel measurement module of OCT image, three-dimensional blood vessel imaging module, linkage module of DSA image and OCT image, image report module and transmission module. Among them: (1) The data collection module is used to call the local hard disk or remotely access the DSA images and OCT images stored on the designated computer; (2) The blood vessel segmentation and reconstruction module of the DSA image is used to analyze the collected DSA images Reconstruct the vessel shape, outline the vessel centerline for the selected vessel segment of interest in the reconstructed vessel, and mark the starting point and end point of the vessel segment of interest on the outlined vessel centerline; (3) OCT image The blood vessel measurement module, through the self-size of the OCT catheter as a reference, performs automatic or human-computer interactive measurement of the blood vessel lumen on the image of interest selected on the OCT image; the automatic measurement refers to the computer according to the blood vessel. The gray value of the boundary between the self-lumina and the residual lumen on the cross-section is different, and the boundary between the self-lumina and the residual lumen is automatically obtained, and the measurement results are obtained; On the basis of the fully automatic measurement of the image of interest, an operator modification interface is provided to receive the operator's instructions and modify the boundary between the self-lumina and the residual lumen on the cross-section of the blood vessel. The blood vessel measurement module of the OCT image is based on The newly outlined vessel lumen boundary is then measured; the measurement includes: the lumen area, diameter and plaque load of the self lumen and residual lumen on the cross section of the blood vessel, and the length of the blood vessel on the longitudinal section; The above-mentioned self-lumen refers to the original vascular lumen, including the residual vascular lumen and plaque; The remaining vascular lumen after the plaque is removed; the plaque load refers to the ratio of the plaque area on the cross section to the area of the lumen itself; (4) The three-dimensional imaging module of the blood vessel is used for the selected For the vessel of interest, according to the vessel cross-section and longitudinal section image of the OCT image and the vessel shape after the segmentation and reconstruction of the DSA image, an intuitive three-dimensional structure of the vessel is generated; (5) The linkage module of the DSA image and the OCT image is used for According to the three-dimensional structure of the blood vessel, the real length between the starting point and the ending point on the outlined blood vessel center line is obtained, and the corresponding starting frame and ending frame image on the OCT image are determined according to the starting point and the ending point, And calculate the image frame number N between the start frame and the end frame on the OCT image, and then automatically divide the blood vessel between the start point and the end point on the DSA image into N equidistant points, to realize the DSA image Each point of the blood vessel corresponds to the corresponding frame image on the OCT image, and the blood vessel measurement result obtained by the blood vessel segmentation and reconstruction module of the DSA image and the blood vessel measurement result on the cross section obtained by the blood vessel measurement module of the OCT image Contrast, to improve the accuracy of postoperative treatment of blood vessels by doctors or researchers, so as to provide more complete treatment plans for subsequent interventional operations in similar cases; (6) Image report module, used for automatic or manual input by computer The intermediate data and result data obtained by the above modules, according to the template, generate image-related data reports for discussion by doctors or clinical researchers; (7) transmission module, used for transmission The image data and reports generated by the integrated off-line processing system are transmitted to the designated computer.

Furthermore, the blood vessel segmentation and reconstruction module of the DSA image extracts the edges, diameters, and centerlines of disjoint blood vessels based on the matched filtering method, and reconstructs the blood vessel shape from the collected DSA image blood vessels.

Furthermore, the vessel segmentation and reconstruction module of DSA images also combines multi-scale analysis and boundary tracking methods to improve the processing effect of blurred, small and intersecting vessels. the

Furthermore, the vessel segmentation and reconstruction module of the DSA image can also measure the length, reference diameter and lumen area of the vessel segment of interest on the DSA image with reference to the size of the contrast catheter or guide catheter according to the instruction.

Further, after generating the three-dimensional structure of the blood vessel, the blood vessel three-dimensional imaging module can also obtain the blood vessel volume according to the length of the blood vessel on the longitudinal section and the area of the residual lumen on the cross section according to the instruction.

The "intermediate and result data obtained by the above modules" mentioned in the image report module can be the measurement results and calculation results of images by a certain module, the images collected by a certain module, and the images processed by a certain module .

Adopting the technical scheme of the present invention has the following technical effects:

(1) Intuitively obtain the true length of the blood vessel, the diameter of the vascular lumen, the area and volume of the vascular lumen, and the plaque load; (2) Obtain the intuitive three-dimensional structure of the blood vessel; (3) Reconstruct the blood vessel through the segmentation of the DSA image The comparison between the blood vessel measurement results obtained by the module and the cross-sectional blood vessel measurement results obtained by the OCT image blood vessel measurement module can then observe fine vascular lesions and help doctors or clinical researchers to better study cases, To better pave the way for subsequent interventional surgery and provide a more suitable surgical plan. the

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a frame diagram of the overall structure of the system of the present invention and other related equipment.

Fig. 2 is a roadmap of the implementation of the system of the present invention.

In the figure, 1. Intravascular optical coherence tomography scanner; 2. Digital subtraction angiography machine; 3. Integrated off-line processing system for OCT images and DSA images; 4. Special printer for images; 5. Central image station of the hospital 6. Data collection module; 7. Vessel segmentation and reconstruction module for DSA images; 8. Vessel measurement module for OCT images; 9. Linkage module for DSA images and OCT images; 10. Three-dimensional vascular imaging module; 11. Image report module; 12. Transmission module.

Detailed ways

According to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the present invention provides an integrated off-line processing system integrating intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) images and digital subtraction (DSA) images. The system includes seven modules: data acquisition module, vessel segmentation and reconstruction module for DSA images, vessel measurement module for OCT images, three-dimensional vessel imaging module, DSA image and OCT image linkage module, image report module and transmission module. Among them: (1) Data acquisition module: used to call the local hard disk or remote access to the DSA image and OCT image of the required research stored on the designated computer; (2) DSA image vessel segmentation and reconstruction module: based on the matching filter method, in Extract the edges, diameters and centerlines of disjoint blood vessels from DSA images, reconstruct the shape of blood vessels, combine multi-scale analysis and boundary tracking methods, improve the processing effect of blurred, small and intersecting blood vessels, and outline the blood vessels of interest Vessel centerline, mark the starting point and end point of the vessel segment of interest on the outline of the vessel centerline, or, further, according to the instructions, by referring to the size of the angiography catheter or guide catheter, the interest on the DSA image Measure the length, reference diameter and lumen area of the blood vessel segment; (3) OCT image blood vessel measurement module: use the size of the OCT catheter as a reference to perform automatic or human-machine measurements on the selected images of interest on the OCT image The measurement of the interactive blood vessel lumen; the fully automatic measurement refers to that the computer automatically obtains the boundary of the self lumen and the residual lumen according to the gray value of the boundary of the self lumen and the residual lumen on the cross section of the blood vessel , and obtain the measurement results; the human-computer interactive measurement refers to the automatic measurement of the image of interest by the computer, and then provides the operator with a modification interface, receives the operator's instruction, and modifies the blood vessel transverse The boundary between the self-lumina and the residual lumen on the cross-section, the blood vessel measurement module of the OCT image performs the measurement according to the newly outlined boundary of the blood vessel lumen. The measurement includes: the lumen area, diameter and plaque load of the self-lumen and residual lumen on the cross-section of the blood vessel, and the length of the blood vessel on the longitudinal section; the self-lumen refers to the original vessel lumen, Including the remaining vascular lumen and plaque; the remnant lumen refers to the existing vascular lumen that can pass through the blood flow, which is the remaining vascular lumen after the plaque is removed from the own lumen; The plaque load refers to the ratio of the plaque area on the cross section to the area of its own lumen; (4) Three-dimensional blood vessel imaging module: used for the blood vessel of interest, according to the blood vessel cross-section and longitudinal image of the OCT image Sectional images and DSA images are segmented and reconstructed to generate an intuitive three-dimensional structure of blood vessels, or, further, after the three-dimensional structure of blood vessels is generated, according to instructions, the length of blood vessels on the longitudinal section and the length of the cross-section on the The area of the residual lumen to obtain the vessel volume; (5) Linkage module of DSA image and OCT image: used to obtain the true length between the starting point and the end point on the centerline of the outlined vessel according to the three-dimensional structure of the vessel , and according to the start point and end point, determine the corresponding start frame and end frame image on the OCT image, and calculate the image frame number N between the start frame and the end frame on the OCT image, and then automatically add the DSA image to The blood vessel between the starting point and the end point of the DSA image is divided into N equidistant points, and each point of the blood vessel on the DSA image corresponds to the corresponding frame image on the OCT image. Through the blood vessel segmentation and reconstruction module of the DSA image, the The comparison between the obtained blood vessel measurement results and the cross-sectional blood vessel measurement results obtained by the OCT image's blood vessel measurement module can observe fine vascular lesions, help doctors or clinical researchers to better study cases, and make preparations for subsequent interventional operations. Better bedding and more suitable surgical plan; (6) Imaging report module: used to generate image-related data reports according to the template based on the measurement values obtained by the above-mentioned modules automatically or manually input by the computer, for doctors or Discussion by clinical researchers; (7) Transmission module: used to transmit image data and reports generated by the integrated off-line processing system to a designated computer.

The present invention can use a computer as hardware to process the above process. After completing the vascular interventional operation, when these DSA and OCT image data need to be transferred to carry out case review and research, the present invention will enter the application stage, and its specific implementation steps are as follows:

1. Utilize the data acquisition module of the present invention to directly transfer the DSA images and OCT images required for research stored on the local hard disk or remotely access the designated computer;

2. Through the comparison and observation of DSA images and OCT images, the operator finds the lesion vessels of interest on the DSA images. According to the operator's instructions, it is run by the computer, and the vessel segmentation and reconstruction module of the DSA images is used to find the interested vessels on the DSA images. Blood vessels, reconstruct the shape of the blood vessels, and outline the centerline of the reconstructed blood vessels, and automatically generate a movable line perpendicular to the center line, and mark the starting point and end point of the diseased blood vessel of interest on the center line. The diseased blood vessel of interest is also the selected blood vessel, which is the processing object of the present invention.

3. According to the instructions of the operator, it is operated by the computer, and according to the vessel cross-section and longitudinal section images of the OCT image of the selected vessel and the vessel shape after segmentation and reconstruction of the DSA image, the three-dimensional vessel imaging module is used to generate an intuitive three-dimensional structure of the vessel.

4. According to the instructions of the operator, run by the computer, use the linkage module of the DSA image and the OCT image to mark the starting point and the ending point of the diseased blood vessel segment on the center line on the three-dimensional structure of the blood vessel generated above. Start point and end point, and then obtain the true length of the blood vessel between the two points; and according to the start point and end point, determine the corresponding start frame and end frame image on the OCT image, and obtain the start frame and end frame on the OCT image The number of image frames between frames is N, and then the blood vessel between the starting point and the end point on the DSA image is automatically divided into N equidistant points, so that each point of the blood vessel on the DSA image corresponds to each point on the OCT image corresponding frame image.

5. After the linkage operation is selected, when the movable line is moved between the N points on the selected blood vessel in the DSA image, the frame images on the OCT image will move back and forth accordingly; otherwise, the start frame on the OCT image and When the frame image is moved back and forth between the end frames, the movable line on the DSA image will move accordingly. Furthermore, the linkage between DSA images and OCT images can be realized to ensure that the vessel segment where the movable line is located coincides with the current frame image of OCT images, which is convenient for doctors or clinical researchers to compare and observe DSA images and OCT images.

Through the linkage module of DSA images and OCT images, a very intuitive and convenient interface is provided for the comparison and processing of DSA images and OCT images. The blood vessel measurement module of the OCT image measures the vessel lumen of the interested vessel segment, and the length, reference diameter and vessel lumen area of the corresponding vessel segment are measured through the vessel segmentation and reconstruction module of the DSA image, which is convenient for doctors Or clinical researchers compare the measurement results of the above two in the same lesion of the blood vessel to form intuitive basic data for case discussion and research, and provide a more suitable treatment plan for similar lesions in the future.

6. According to the requirement, after the three-dimensional structure of the blood vessel is generated by the three-dimensional imaging module of the blood vessel, the volume of the blood vessel is obtained according to the length of the blood vessel on the longitudinal section and the area of the residual lumen on the cross section according to the instruction.

7. According to the operator's instructions, it is run by the computer, and the image report module is used to generate a report based on the image measurement data input manually or automatically by the computer, and the measured image is uploaded to the designated computer with the transmission module for reuse .

Claims (5)

1. An integrated off-line processing system integrating intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) images and digital subtraction (DSA) images, including the following modules: data acquisition module, DSA image vessel segmentation and reconstruction module, OCT image Blood vessel measurement module, three-dimensional blood vessel imaging module, linkage module of DSA image and OCT image, image report module and transmission module; The data acquisition module is used to call the local hard disk or remotely access the DSA images and OCT images of the required research stored on the designated computer; The blood vessel segmentation and reconstruction module of the DSA image is used to reconstruct the shape of the blood vessel from the collected DSA image, and outline the center line of the blood vessel for the selected blood vessel segment of interest in the reconstructed blood vessel. Mark the start and end points of the vessel segment of interest; The blood vessel measurement module of the OCT image uses the size of the OCT catheter as a reference to perform automatic or human-computer interactive blood vessel lumen measurement on the selected image of interest on the OCT image; the fully automatic measurement It means that the computer automatically obtains the boundary of the self-lumen and the residual lumen according to the gray value of the boundary of the self-lumen and the residual lumen on the cross-section of the blood vessel, and obtains the measurement results; the human-computer interactive measurement It refers to the automatic measurement of the image of interest by the computer, and then provides the operator with a modification interface, receives the operator's instruction, and modifies the boundary between the self-lumina and the residual lumen on the cross-section of the blood vessel. OCT image The blood vessel measurement module performs the measurement according to the newly drawn vessel lumen boundary; the measurement includes: the lumen area, diameter and plaque load of the self lumen and residual lumen on the cross section of the blood vessel, and the blood vessel on the longitudinal section The length of the self lumen refers to the original vascular lumen, including the residual vascular lumen and plaque; the residual lumen refers to the current existing vascular lumen that can provide blood flow, It is the remaining vascular lumen after the plaque is removed from the own lumen; the plaque load refers to the ratio of the plaque area on the cross section to the area of the own lumen; The three-dimensional blood vessel imaging module is used to generate an intuitive three-dimensional structure of blood vessels according to the vessel cross-section and longitudinal section images of the OCT image and the vessel shape after segmentation and reconstruction of the DSA image for the selected blood vessel of interest; The linkage module of the DSA image and the OCT image is used to obtain the real length between the start point and the end point on the outlined blood vessel centerline according to the three-dimensional structure of the blood vessel, and according to the start point and the end point, Determine the corresponding start frame and end frame image on the OCT image, and calculate the image frame number N between the start frame and the end frame on the OCT image, and then automatically divide the start point and end point on the DSA image The blood vessel is divided into N equidistant points, and each point of the blood vessel on the DSA image corresponds to the corresponding frame image on the OCT image, which is convenient for accurate measurement and research of the lumen of the vessel of interest; The image report module is used for data collection module automatically or manually input by computer, blood vessel segmentation and reconstruction module of DSA image, blood vessel measurement module of OCT image, blood vessel three-dimensional imaging module, linkage module of DSA image and OCT image The obtained intermediate data and result data, according to the template, generate image-related data reports for discussion by doctors or clinical researchers; The transmission module is used to transmit the image data and reports generated by the integrated off-line processing system to a designated computer. 2. The integrated off-line processing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blood vessel segmentation and reconstruction module of the DSA image is based on a matched filtering method to extract the edges, diameters and centerlines of disjoint blood vessels, and to collect DSA image reconstruction of vessel shape. 3. The integrated off-line processing system according to claim 2, characterized in that the blood vessel segmentation and reconstruction module of the DSA image also combines multi-scale analysis and boundary tracking methods to improve the processing of blurred, small and intersecting blood vessels Effect. the 4. The integrated off-line processing system as claimed in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the vessel segmentation and reconstruction module of the DSA image also uses the size of the angiography catheter or the guide catheter as a reference to sense the DSA image according to the instruction. Vessel segments of interest are measured for length, reference diameter, and luminal area. 5. The integrated off-line processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the blood vessel three-dimensional imaging module, after generating the three-dimensional structure of the blood vessel, also passes through the length of the blood vessel on the longitudinal section and the residual image on the cross section according to the instruction The area of the lumen is used to obtain the vessel volume.