CN103461038B - A method for harmless management of pests and weeds in the seedling stage of tea trees in organic tea gardens - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for harmless management of pests and weeds at seedling stage in organic tea gardens, belonging to the technical field of tea ecological production. Specifically, it includes four steps: manual weeding, covering reflective weeding film, hanging yellow boards, and releasing predatory mites. Adopting the present invention for production management not only realizes that the organic tea garden does not need to use chemical herbicides for weeding at the seedling stage, but also does not need to use chemical pesticides to prevent and control pests. It can greatly save the labor cost of weeding at the seedling stage, and has no pesticide residues and no environmental pollution, and truly realizes the production of organic tea.

Description

A method for harmless management of pests and weeds in the seedling stage of tea trees in organic tea gardens

technical field

The invention relates to a harmless management method for pests and weeds at the seedling stage of tea trees in an organic tea garden, and belongs to the technical field of tea production.

Background technique

Organic agriculture is a production system that completely does not use or basically does not use artificially synthesized fertilizers, pesticides, growth regulators and livestock and poultry feed additives. The production process uses crop rotation, crop straw, livestock and poultry manure, leguminous crops, green manure, organic waste outside the farm and biological control of pests and diseases to maintain soil productivity and arability as much as possible in the production process. A type of agriculture that nourishes crops and controls pests and weeds. Organic farming is becoming more and more popular.

Organic tea is a kind of tea produced and processed according to the method of organic agriculture. During its production process, no synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, plant growth regulators, chemical food additives and other substances are used for production, and it complies with the standards of the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (LFOAM) and is certified by organic (natural) food certificate issued by the organization. Organic tea is a kind of pollution-free, pure natural tea. Organic tea is also the first organic food certified for export in my country.

With the improvement of people's living standards and concerns about food safety, people's consumption of "natural, safe and healthy" organic tea is gradually increasing. But at present, there are many problems in the management of young tea trees in the construction of organic tea gardens, such as high investment, low output, easy damage by pests and weeds, and slow growth. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a set of scientific and advanced management methods for young organic tea gardens.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a harmless management method for tea tree seedlings in organic tea gardens against pests and insects, so as to solve the problems of large investment, low output, easy damage by pests and insects, and slow growth in the management process of young tea trees.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A harmless management method for pests and weeds at the seedling stage of tea trees in organic tea gardens, including four steps of manual weeding, covering with reflective film for weeding, hanging yellow sticky insect boards, and releasing predatory mites, so as to realize the harmless management of pests and weeds at the seedling stage of tea trees in organic tea gardens. details as follows:

(1) Manual weeding, the method is to use hoes, sickles, lawn mowers and other tools to eradicate or cut the weeds in the tea garden, and at least control the height of the weeds below 2cm. The time for manual weeding is February to March in early spring, and the manual weeding is completed before the weeds start to grow. Do not use or spray any herbicides or chemicals to kill weeds.

(2) Cover the weeding reflective film, the method is to start covering the weeding reflective film at a distance of 10-15cm from the tea tree seedlings, lay it in parallel along the direction of the tea ridge, cover both sides of the tea tree with the weeding reflective film, and only keep the tea tree root 20 -30cm of empty land is used for fertilizer and water management.

Among them, the weeding reflective film used is a degradable double-layer starch composite film, the bottom layer is black and impervious to light; the upper layer is silvery white, which can reflect sunlight. Breathable, but impermeable.

(3) Hanging yellow sticky insect boards, the method is to hang yellow boards with sticky insect glue in the tea garden, the number is 20-30 pieces per 666.7 ^m2 , the hanging height is 20-30 cm higher than the tea seedlings, 3 pieces Replace once a month.

Among them, the specifications of the yellow sticky insect board used can be 20-40 cm in length and width. The yellow plate may contain semiochemical substances that can attract pests such as tea leafhoppers, thrips, tea caterpillars, tea geometrids, black thorn whitefly, and Spodoptera litura.

(4) Release predatory mites. The method is to release predatory mites in the field when the number of red spider mites on tea tree leaves reaches more than 5 heads per square meter. The release method is bagged and suspended delivery. The species of predatory mite used was Amblyseius cucurbita.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) It can ensure that no chemical pesticides are used to protect the ecological environment and achieve the purpose of organic tea production;

(2) Covering the weeding reflective film can prevent the growth of weeds, reduce the number of weeding in tea gardens by 2-3 times a year, and save a lot of labor costs; avoid competition for water and fertilizer with young tea trees during the growth of weeds, and affect the growth of tea trees. At the same time, it can increase the surface temperature and ensure the ground growth temperature of young tea trees in low temperature seasons, which can increase the growth rate of young tea trees by 15-30%, prolong the growth time by 20-40 days, and promote the growth of tea trees. The reflective film can reflect sunlight to the tea tree, improve the light utilization effect, and can also repel tea tree pests such as aphids and whiteflies.

(3) The use of yellow sticky board and predatory mites can effectively control tea tree pests through physical and biological control methods, so that young tea trees will not be harmed by pests, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting tea trees.

Adopting the present invention to carry out production management on young organic tea gardens can accelerate the growth rate of young tea trees, effectively avoid the serious harm of young tea trees from diseases and insect pests, do not use chemical pesticides, protect the ecological environment, realize organic production of tea, and save labor costs. Produce significant ecological and economic benefits.

Detailed ways

Below are specific embodiments of the present invention, further illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1

A method for harmless management of diseases, insect pests and weeds at the seedling stage of organic tea gardens, which is used in hillside terraced tea gardens with an altitude of more than 800 meters. Through four steps and methods, including manual weeding, covering weeding reflective film, hanging yellow sticky insect board, and releasing predatory mites, the harmless management of diseases, insects and weeds in the tea tree seedling stage of organic tea gardens is realized. details as follows:

(1) Manual weeding, the method is to use a hoe to eradicate the yellow weeds in the tea garden, so that there are no weeds around the young tea trees. The time for manual weeding is from late February to early March in early spring, and the manual weeding is completed before the weeds start to grow. Weeding is done without using or spraying any herbicides or chemicals.

(2) Cover the weeding reflective film, the method is to cover the weeding reflective film at a distance of 10cm from the tea tree seedlings, and lay it parallel to the tea ridge direction. Empty land for fertilizer and water management. The weeding reflective film used is a degradable double-layer starch composite film. The bottom layer is black and impervious to light; the upper layer is silvery white and can reflect sunlight. Breathable, but impermeable.

(3) Hanging yellow sticky insect boards, the method is to hang yellow boards with sticky insect glue in the tea garden, hang them in rows, hang one piece at an interval of 10 meters, and hang about 30 pieces in 666.7 ^m2 , the hanging height In order to be 20 cm higher than the tea seedlings, replace them once every 3 months. The size of the yellow sticky insect board used is 30 cm×30 cm. The yellow plate contains semiochemical substances that can attract pests such as tea leafhoppers, thrips, tea caterpillars, tea geometrids, black thorn whitefly, and Spodoptera litura.

(4) Release predatory mites. The method is to release predatory mites in the field when the number of spider mites on tea tree leaves reaches more than 5, and the release density is 10 per square meter. The release method is bagged and suspended delivery. The species of predatory mite used was Amblyseius cucurbita.

(5) Results: This method effectively controls the number of pests and red spiders, the control effect of pests is 89.5%, and the control effect of red spiders is 85.3%; it also effectively controls the growth of weeds, and the control effect of weeds 97.0%.

Example 2

A harmless management method for pests and weeds at the seedling stage of tea trees in organic tea gardens, which is used in flat tea gardens with an altitude of less than 400 meters. Through four steps and methods, including manual weeding, covering weeding reflective film, hanging yellow sticky insect board, and releasing predatory mites, the harmless management of diseases, insects and weeds in the tea tree seedling stage of organic tea gardens is realized. details as follows:

(1) Manual weeding, the method is to use a lawn mower to cut off the weeds that have begun to grow in the tea garden, so that the height of the weeds around the young tea trees is less than 2 cm. The time for manual mowing is from early February to early March in early spring, and manual weeding is completed before the weeds start to grow. Weeding is done without using or spraying any herbicides or chemicals.

(2) Cover the weeding reflective film, the method is to start covering the weeding reflective film at a distance of 15cm from the tea tree seedlings, lay it parallel to the tea ridge direction, cover the weeding reflective film on both sides of the tea tree, and only keep the 30cm left Empty land for fertilizer and water management. The weeding reflective film used is a degradable double-layer starch composite film. The bottom layer is black and impervious to light; the upper layer is silvery white and can reflect sunlight. Breathable, but impermeable.

(3) Hanging yellow sticky insect boards, the method is to hang yellow boards with sticky insect glue in the tea garden, hang them in rows, hang one piece at a distance of 5 meters from front to back, left and right, and hang about 27 pieces in a 666.7 ^m2 area. The height is 25 cm higher than the tea seedlings, and it should be replaced every 3 months. The size of the yellow sticky insect board used is 40 cm×40 cm. The yellow plate may contain semiochemical substances that can attract pests such as tea leafhoppers, thrips, tea caterpillars, tea geometrids, black thorn whitefly, and Spodoptera litura.

(4) Release predatory mites. The method is to release predatory mites in the field when the number of spider mites on tea tree leaves reaches more than 5, and the release density is 15 per square meter. The release method is bagged and suspended delivery. The species of predatory mite used was Amblyseius cucurbita.

(5) Results: The control effect on pests and red spiders is about 85%, and the control effect on weeds is 98.0%.

Example 3

A harmless management method for pests and weeds at the seedling stage of tea trees in organic tea gardens. Through four steps and methods, including manual weeding, covering weeding reflective film, hanging yellow sticky insect boards, and releasing predatory mites, the harmless management of pests and weeds at the seedling stage of tea trees in organic tea gardens is realized. management. details as follows:

(1) Manual weeding, the method is to use a lawn mower to cut off the weeds that have begun to grow in the tea garden, so that the height of the weeds around the young tea trees is less than 2 cm. The time for manual mowing is from early February to early March in early spring, and manual weeding is completed before the weeds start to grow. Weeding is done without using or spraying any herbicides or chemicals.

(2) Cover the weeding reflective film, the method is to cover the weeding reflective film at a distance of 12cm from the tea tree seedlings, and lay it parallel to the direction of the tea ridge. Empty land for fertilizer and water management. The weeding reflective film used is a degradable double-layer starch composite film. The bottom layer is black and impervious to light; the upper layer is silvery white and can reflect sunlight. Breathable, but impermeable.

(3) Hanging yellow sticky insect boards, the method is to hang yellow sticky insect glue boards in the tea garden, the number of hanging is about 20 per 666.7 ^m2 , the hanging height is 30 cm higher than the tea seedlings, and replaced every 3 months once. The size of the yellow sticky insect board used is 20 cm×20 cm. The yellow plate may contain semiochemical substances that can attract pests such as tea leafhoppers, thrips, tea caterpillars, tea geometrids, black thorn whitefly, and Spodoptera litura.

(4) Release predatory mites. The method is to release predatory mites in the field when the number of red spider mites on tea tree leaves reaches more than 5, and the release density is 20 per square meter. The release method is bagged and suspended delivery. The species of predatory mite used was Amblyseius cucurbita.

(5) Results: The control effect of pests and spider mites is above 85%, and the control effect of weeds is 97.0%.

Claims (1)

1. the innoxious management method of the sick Chinese caterpillar fungus of organic tea garden tea tree Seedling Stage, is characterized in that: comprises artificial weeding, covers weeding reflective membrane, hangs Yellow sticky trap, discharges 4 steps of Predatory Mites, specific as follows:

(1) artificial weeding: adopt hoe, reaping hook or mower that weed in tea garden is rooted out or cut off, be controlled at below 2cm to the height of major general weeds; The time of artificial weeding is the 2-3 month in early spring, and weeds start to complete artificial weeding before growth, do not use any weed killer herbicide or chemical agent to carry out weeding;

(2) cover weeding reflective membrane: apart from tea tree seedling 10-15cm place, starting to cover weeding reflective membrane, along tea ridge direction laid in parallel, tea tree both sides all cover weeding reflective membrane, only retain the soil of leaving a blank of tea tree root both sides 20-30cm, for rich water quality management; Wherein, weeding reflective membrane is a kind of degradable double-deck starch composite membrane, and bottom is black, light-permeable not, and upper strata is silvery white, can anti-apparent sun light, ventilative, but waterproof;

(3) hang Yellow sticky trap: in tea place, hang the yellow plate with insect sticker, length and width 20 – 40 cm all can, quantity is every 666.7 m ²hang 20-30 piece, suspension height, for exceeding tea shoot 20-30 cm, is changed once for 3 months; Wherein, can be with the infochemical that can lure tea tree smaller green leaf hopper, thrips, tea caterpillar, tea geometrid, Aleurocanthus spiniferus, these insects of prodenia litura on Yellow sticky trap;

(4) discharge Predatory Mites: in the generation quantity of tea leaf two spotted spider mite, reach blinds when more than 5, in field, discharge Predatory Mites, discharging density is every square metre of 10-20 head, and the method for release is that packed suspension is thrown in, and the kind of Predatory Mites used is amblyseius cucumeris oudeman.