CN103420731B - Compatibility of ganoderma lucidum cultivation material and preparation method of ganoderma lucidum cultivation material - Google Patents
Compatibility of ganoderma lucidum cultivation material and preparation method of ganoderma lucidum cultivation material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ganoderma lucidum cultivation material. The ganoderma lucidum cultivation material is characterized in that tea seed shells and tea seed wraps serve as main raw materials, bagasse, rice bran, tea seed meal, corn flour, calcium superphosphate, gypsum powder, lime powder and the like serve as auxiliary materials, and the water content of the ganoderma lucidum cultivation material is 63%-65%. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the ganoderma lucidum cultivation material. The ganoderma lucidum cultivation material and the preparation method of the ganoderma lucidum cultivation material have the advantages that due to the fact that natural stacking fermentation processing is carried out on the tea seed shells and the tea seed wraps, poisonous bacteriostatic substances are removed, macromolecule substances are degraded, absorption of ganoderma lucidum hyphae is facilitated, and the ganoderma lucidum hyphae grow vigorously; the ganoderma lucidum cultivation material is reasonable in ratio, hypha materials are good in ventilation performance and good in water retention, the yield of the ganoderma lucidum is high, and the biological efficiency of dried ganoderma lucidum is 13.4%-14.2%; the sources of cultivation raw materials are increased, and production cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
Content of the present invention comprises ganoderma lucidum cultivation material compatibility, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Glossy ganoderma, also known as Ganoderma Lucidum, Ganoderma, Ganoderma lucidum seu Japonicum, is a kind of rare Chinese medicine in China's medical treasure-house, is collection health care and the medicinal edible mushrooms for the whole body.
The middle and high warm type wood-decay fungi of Ganoderma, its artificial culture materials mostly are deciduous tree weed tree sawdust, cotton seed hulls etc. at present, but nowadays, " bacterium-Lin " contradiction, the price continuous rise of cotton seed hulls, cultivation cost is more and more higher, and therefore each production unit all attaches great importance to looking for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.
Oil tea is China distinctive woody edible oil material seeds, with Fructus oleae europaeae, oil palm, coconut be called the large traditional oil tree in the world four.China is the country that tea-oil tree yield is the highest, distribution is the widest, kind is maximum in the world.The oil tea cultivated area of China and tea seed output account for the whole world about 95%, and all the other 5% are distributed in minority Southeast Asian countries and regions.
Camellia oleifera fruit is spherical in shape, oblate, olive shape, diameter 3cm-4cm, and the thick and lignifying of fruit lobe, include seed (1-4 grain) i.e. tea seed, tea seed is dark brown or black, triangular shape, glossy.After testing, in camellia oleifera fruit, tea Pu (shell) accounts for 60%, and tea seed accounts for 40%; In tea seed, tea seed episperm (kind shell) accounts for 1/3, and tea seed kernel accounts for 2/3.The existing oil tea cultivated area in the whole nation reaches 4,000,000 hm
2produce camellia oleifera fruit per year and reach more than 560 ten thousand t, this will bring oil-tea camellia husks, the tea seed episperm of more than 70 ten thousand t, the 50000 t leached tea oil slags of more than 300 ten thousand t, so huge quantity, also little for the ratio of processing, most tea Pu, tea seed episperm are used as fuel and are burnt, or be dropped, leached tea oil slag bitter all goes out of use substantially, and the shell that these abandon, kind shell, dregs of rice cake are after degradation, can pollute air, water source and ecotope.
Tea Pu, its moiety complexity of tea seed episperm, rich cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen, crude protein etc., these materials, can grow for edible fungi growth and provide required carbon source, nitrogenous source.But it also containing tannin, grease, can suppress the growth of hypha of edible fungus, therefore must effectively process, make these antibacterial substances be decomposed and volatilize.The method of process comprises: pile up ageing, biological fermentation etc.
Utilize tea Pu, these tankage of tea seed episperm substitute woods material cultivating ganoderma, that is not only an Edible Fungi falls this behave, but also is a circular agriculture and environmental protection cause behave.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation material compatibility that is main raw material with tea Pu, tea seed episperm
2, the making method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation material compatibility, there are following component and quality proportioning: tea seed episperm bits 25%-35%, tea Pu bits 20%-30%, bagasse 20%, rice bran 15%, leached tea oil slag 5%, Semen Maydis powder 2%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.
Tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits: tea seed episperm dries, be ground into the particle of particle diameter 2mm-3mm; Tea Pu is dried, be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm; Tea seed episperm bits, the fermentation of tea Pu bits natural packing (are piled high 2m, keep windrow moistening, turning in every two months once, more than 8 months composting time), with the material that the tannin, grease etc. eliminated wherein are harmful to hypha of edible fungus growth, after composting terminates, tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits are dried, for subsequent use.In tea seed episperm, xylogen accounts for 52.10%, and carbohydrate accounts for 30.60%; In tea Pu, xylogen accounts for 43.35%, and carbohydrate accounts for 28.36%.
Bagasse: the waste residue that sugarcane is remaining after squeezing sugar, in white or yellow-white after dry, have the aromatising flavour of sugar, the thick slag of belt leather must be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm.The main component of bagasse is the Mierocrystalline cellulose of about 50%, the hemicellulose of 30%, the xylogen of 15% and a little ash content, crude protein and soluble sugar.
Rice bran: be the entry material be attached to after rice hulling on brown rice.Containing the crude protein of 12.5% and a large amount of somatomedins in rice bran.
Leached tea oil slag: the slag that tea seed is remaining after squeezing tea oil.In leached tea oil slag, robust fibre amount accounts for 9.4%, and crude protein quantity accounts for 25.8%.
Semen Maydis powder: as available nutrient, promotes that mycelia grows fast, can be again glossy ganoderma growth and provides vitamin H etc.
Calcium superphosphate: containing effective P
2o
514%-20% (wherein 80%-95% is water-soluble) is water soluble quick-acting phosphate fertilizer.
Lime powder, terra alba: regulate, stablize planting material potential of hydrogen, increase calcium, sulphur nutritive ingredient.
The making method of planting material, comprises the steps:
1. prewet: tea seed episperm is considered to be worth doing, tea Pu bits, bagasse siccative mixes thoroughly, to prewet 2h with liming (lime powder is dissolved in water), make the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;
2. spice: first rice bran, leached tea oil slag, Semen Maydis powder, calcium superphosphate, terra alba siccative are mixed thoroughly, then join in the compound of having prewetted, then slowly add water, limit edged is mixed, and stirs, makes the water content of planting material remain on 63%-65%;
3. pack: employing specification is 17cm × 35cm × 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g, puts the collar after installing material, insert plastics stopper;
4. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C (after discharge cold air), keep 10h-12h, then naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C.
Planting material is after access bacterial classification, plastics stopper is changed into tampon, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 22 DEG C-24 DEG C, humid control is at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 30d-32d, mycelia covers with pocket, and the method adopting outdoor cool canopy earthing to go out sesame carries out sesame management.
The present invention for main raw material, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as bagasse, rice bran, leached tea oil slag, Semen Maydis powder, calcium superphosphate, terra alba, lime powder with tea seed episperm, tea Pu, makes ganoderma lucidum cultivation material.Its advantage is: one be tea seed episperm, tea Pu through natural packing fermentative processing, both eliminated poisonous bacteriostatics, and made again macromolecular substance degrade, be conducive to the absorption of Ganoderma lucidum mycelium, mycelium growth vigor is vigorous; Two is that culture utilization is reasonable, and bacterium material good permeability, water-retentivity are strong, and glossy ganoderma output is high, and biological efficiency (dry sesame meter) reaches 13.4%-14.2%; Three is widened culturing raw material channel, greatly reduces production cost.
Embodiment
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, ganoderma lucidum cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea seed episperm bits 25%, tea Pu bits 30%, bagasse 20%, rice bran 15%, leached tea oil slag 5%, Semen Maydis powder 2%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. prewet: tea seed episperm is considered to be worth doing, tea Pu bits, bagasse siccative mixes thoroughly, to prewet 2h with liming (lime powder is dissolved in water), make the water content of mixture remain on 55%;
2. spice: first rice bran, leached tea oil slag, Semen Maydis powder, calcium superphosphate, terra alba siccative are mixed thoroughly, then join in the compound of having prewetted, then slowly add water, limit edged is mixed, and stirs, makes the water content of planting material remain on 65%;
3. pack: employing specification is 17cm × 35cm × 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g, puts the collar after installing material, insert plastics stopper;
4. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C (after discharge cold air), keep 10h, then naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C.
Plastics stopper, after access bacterial classification, is changed into tampon by planting material, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 24 DEG C, humid control 65%, through the cultivation of 30d, mycelia covers with pocket, and the method adopting outdoor cool canopy earthing to go out sesame carries out sesame management.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, ganoderma lucidum cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea seed episperm bits 30%, tea Pu bits 25%, bagasse 20%, rice bran 15%, leached tea oil slag 5%, Semen Maydis powder 2%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, ganoderma lucidum cultivation material comprises following component and quality proportioning: tea seed episperm bits 35%, tea Pu bits 20%, bagasse 20%, rice bran 15%, leached tea oil slag 5%, Semen Maydis powder 2%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
The planting material of table different modes is on the impact of glossy ganoderma biological efficiency
Claims (5)
1. a ganoderma lucidum cultivation material, is characterized in that:
(1) prepare burden: tea seed episperm bits 35%, tea Pu bits 20%, bagasse 20%, rice bran 15%, leached tea oil slag 5%, Semen Maydis powder 2%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%, be all the quality of dry-matter, proportioning sum is 100%;
(2) tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits: tea seed episperm bits dry, are ground into the particle of particle diameter 2mm-3mm for tea seed episperm, tea Pu bits dry, are ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm for tea Pu, tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits have to pass through natural packing fermentation, pile high 2m, keep windrow moistening, turning in every two months once, more than 8 months composting time, with the material that elimination tannin wherein, grease are harmful to hypha of edible fungus growth, after composting terminates, tea seed episperm bits, tea Pu bits are dried;
(3) making method of planting material:
1. prewet: tea seed episperm is considered to be worth doing, tea Pu bits, bagasse siccative mixes thoroughly, then lime powder is dissolved in water and admixes in material the 2h that prewets, make the water content of mixture remain on 50%-55%;
2. spice: first rice bran, leached tea oil slag, Semen Maydis powder, calcium superphosphate, terra alba siccative are mixed thoroughly, then join in the compound of having prewetted, then slowly add water, limit edged is mixed, and stirs, makes the water content of planting material remain on 63%-65%;
3. pack: employing specification is 17cm × 35cm × 0.005cm polypropylene plastics pocket, and every packed wet feed 1100g-1200g, puts the collar after installing material, insert plastics stopper;
4. sterilizing, cooling: pocket is carried out normal-pressure sterilization, when after discharge cold air, when kettle temperature reaches 100 DEG C, keep 10h-12h, then naturally cool to less than 25 DEG C.
2. a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described bagasse is waste residue remaining after sugarcane squeezes sugar, in white or yellow-white after dry, have the aromatising flavour of sugar, the thick slag of belt leather must be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm.
3. a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described rice bran is the entry material be attached to after rice hulling on brown rice.
4. a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described leached tea oil slag is slag remaining after tea seed squeezes tea oil.
5. a kind of ganoderma lucidum cultivation material according to claim 1, after it is characterized in that made planting material access bacterial classification, plastics stopper is changed into tampon, then cultivating bag is emitted in dark bacteria room, temperature controls at 22 DEG C-24 DEG C, humid control at 60%-75%, through the cultivation of 30d-32d, mycelia covers with pocket, and the method adopting outdoor cool canopy earthing to go out sesame carries out sesame management.
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| CN104030848B (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-20 | 桂林丰茂源农业技术开发有限公司 | A kind of glossy ganoderma substituting stuff cultivation substratum that with the addition of Flower of Chinese Globeflower |
| CN104672000A (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-06-03 | 邬方成 | Manufacturing method of ganoderma lucidum cultivation material |
| CN104744144A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of lucid ganoderma cultivation material |
| CN104744145A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of lucid ganoderma cultivation material |
| CN104744143A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of lucid ganoderma cultivation material |
| CN106045721A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2016-10-26 | 甘甲亮 | Culture medium and method for cultivating lucid ganoderma by sugarcane tips |
| CN106613353A (en) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-10 | 武夷山元生泰生物科技有限公司 | Ganoderma planting method with grape trees as cultivation material |
| CN109673385A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-04-26 | 江西省蚕桑茶叶研究所 | A kind of tea resource substituting stuff cultivation ganoderma lucidum formula |
| CN111527986B (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2021-11-09 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for planting ganoderma lucidum wood-segment fungus sticks made of camellia oleifera branches in camellia oleifera forest |
| CN115530005B (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2023-06-23 | 韶关市五马寨菌业有限公司 | Method for rapid propagation of sweet ganoderma lucidum through tissue culture |
| CN115517132A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2022-12-27 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Camellia oleifera and Thelephora angustifolia medium for culturing medicinal fungi |
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| 江西省油茶加工与综合利用的现状及其对策的讨探;陈火军;《经济林研究》;19871231;第288-291页 * |
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