CN103411550A - Inner surface stress and temperature monitoring method of internal combustion engine main bearing based on fiber bragg grating - Google Patents
Inner surface stress and temperature monitoring method of internal combustion engine main bearing based on fiber bragg grating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103411550A CN103411550A CN2013102638525A CN201310263852A CN103411550A CN 103411550 A CN103411550 A CN 103411550A CN 2013102638525 A CN2013102638525 A CN 2013102638525A CN 201310263852 A CN201310263852 A CN 201310263852A CN 103411550 A CN103411550 A CN 103411550A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- strain
- fiber
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001651 Cyanoacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004830 Super Glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Landscapes
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供基于光纤光栅的内燃机主轴承内表面应变和温度监测方法,在待测主轴承内表面设置光纤光栅应变传感器和用于温度补偿的光纤光栅温度传感器,获得轴承工作表面应变变化,通过在轴承内表面的各方向设置光纤光栅应变传感器,即可获得轴承在此方向上的应变变化;在内燃机废弃机油管内设置机油温度传感器,获得机油温度数据;利用光纤光栅解调仪获取机油温度传感器中心波长变化,并将其转换为电信号,即可计算得到内燃机工作过程中机油的温度变化。本发明利用光纤光栅可同时测量应变和温度及体积微小和一线多点的特性,在内燃机工作中实现对主轴承工作表面的温度和应变分布状况的同时监测,为内燃机主轴承的结构优化设计提供准确的数据支持。
The invention provides a method for monitoring the strain and temperature of the inner surface of the main bearing of an internal combustion engine based on an optical fiber grating. An optical fiber grating strain sensor and an optical fiber grating temperature sensor for temperature compensation are arranged on the inner surface of the main bearing to be tested to obtain the strain change of the working surface of the bearing. Install fiber grating strain sensors in each direction on the inner surface of the bearing to obtain the strain change of the bearing in this direction; install an oil temperature sensor in the waste oil pipe of the internal combustion engine to obtain oil temperature data; use a fiber grating demodulator to obtain the center of the oil temperature sensor By converting the wavelength change into an electrical signal, the temperature change of the oil during the operation of the internal combustion engine can be calculated. The present invention utilizes fiber gratings to simultaneously measure strain and temperature, as well as the characteristics of small size and one-line multi-point, and realizes the simultaneous monitoring of the temperature and strain distribution on the working surface of the main bearing during the operation of the internal combustion engine, and provides the structure optimization design for the main bearing of the internal combustion engine. Accurate data support.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于内燃机领域,具体涉及一种基于光纤光栅的内燃机主轴承内表面应变和温度监测方法。 The invention belongs to the field of internal combustion engines, and in particular relates to a method for monitoring the strain and temperature of the internal surface of main bearings of internal combustion engines based on optical fiber gratings. the
背景技术 Background technique
在内燃机曲轴系中,主轴承的作用是支承曲轴,保证曲轴的工作轴线,使曲轴在转动中以小的摩擦和磨损传递动力。在内燃机工作过程中,主轴承受到来自曲轴的气体力和惯性力的作用,以及由于曲轴轴颈在主轴承中转动而产生的摩擦力作用,因此主轴承承受着的负荷很大。此外,主轴承工作表面与轴颈工作表面之间的相对运动速度很高,除造成轴承磨损外还使轴承发热;机油在使用中的氧化变质,使轴承遭到腐蚀。因此,内燃机主轴承的工作条件比较恶劣。 In the internal combustion engine crankshaft system, the function of the main bearing is to support the crankshaft, ensure the working axis of the crankshaft, and make the crankshaft transmit power with small friction and wear during rotation. During the working process of the internal combustion engine, the main bearing is subjected to the gas force and inertial force from the crankshaft, as well as the friction force generated by the rotation of the crankshaft journal in the main bearing, so the main bearing bears a large load. In addition, the relative motion speed between the working surface of the main bearing and the journal working surface is very high, which not only causes bearing wear but also heats up the bearing; the oxidative deterioration of the engine oil during use causes the bearing to be corroded. Therefore, the working conditions of main bearings of internal combustion engines are relatively harsh. the
为了保证内燃机正常工作,必须使内燃机轴承内表面保持良好的润滑状态,对内燃机轴承的结构进行优化设计十分重要。其中,一个极为重要的关键是机油槽设计,包括油孔的开设位置,油槽深度和宽度尺寸参数的确定等。准确地了解内燃机工作过程中主轴承表面的温度和应变分布状况是确定这些参数的重要依据。但是,由于该部位的结构空间所限,目前还缺乏主轴承表面的温度和应变分布状况的直接监测数据,上述参数的确定主要仍依赖于经验和数值分析的结果。 In order to ensure the normal operation of the internal combustion engine, the inner surface of the internal combustion engine bearing must be kept in a good lubrication state, and it is very important to optimize the design of the internal combustion engine bearing structure. Among them, an extremely important key is the design of the oil groove, including the location of the oil hole, the determination of the depth and width of the oil groove, etc. Accurate understanding of the temperature and strain distribution of the main bearing surface during the working process of the internal combustion engine is an important basis for determining these parameters. However, due to the limited structural space of this part, there is still a lack of direct monitoring data of the temperature and strain distribution on the surface of the main bearing. The determination of the above parameters mainly depends on the results of experience and numerical analysis. the
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题是:提供一种基于光纤光栅的内燃机主轴承内表面应变和温度监测方法,利用光纤光栅传感技术,进行内燃机主轴承表面的温度和应变分布状况的监测,为内燃机主轴承的结构优化设计提供准确的数据支持。 The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for monitoring the internal surface strain and temperature of the main bearing of an internal combustion engine based on a fiber grating. The structural optimization design of the main bearing provides accurate data support. the
本发明为解决上述技术问题所采取的技术方案为:基于光纤光栅的内燃机主轴承内表面应变和温度监测方法,其特征在于: The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a method for monitoring the strain and temperature of the inner surface of the main bearing of an internal combustion engine based on a fiber grating, characterized in that:
1)在待测主轴承内表面设置光纤光栅应变传感器和用于温度补偿的光纤光栅温度传感器,在内燃机工作过程中获得主轴承内表面的应变和温度变化数据变化: 1) Install a fiber grating strain sensor and a fiber grating temperature sensor for temperature compensation on the inner surface of the main bearing to be tested, and obtain the strain and temperature change data changes of the inner surface of the main bearing during the operation of the internal combustion engine:
光纤光栅应变传感器的中心波长变化是由温度与应变共同产生的,可由下式表示: The central wavelength change of the fiber grating strain sensor is jointly produced by temperature and strain, which can be expressed by the following formula:
ΔλB1=αεε+αT1ΔT (1), Δλ B1 = α ε ε + α T1 ΔT (1),
式中:ΔλB1为光纤光栅应变传感器中心波长变化;ΔT为轴承温度变化;ε为应变变化;αε为光纤光栅应变传感器的应变灵敏度系数;αT1为光纤光栅应变传感器的温度灵敏度系数。 In the formula: Δλ B1 is the center wavelength change of the FBG strain sensor; ΔT is the bearing temperature change; ε is the strain change; α ε is the strain sensitivity coefficient of the FBG strain sensor; α T1 is the temperature sensitivity coefficient of the FBG strain sensor.
光纤光栅温度传感器的中心波长变化由下式表示: The central wavelength change of the fiber grating temperature sensor is expressed by the following formula:
ΔλB2=αT2ΔT (2), Δλ B2 = α T2 ΔT (2),
式中:ΔλB2为光纤光栅温度传感器中心波长变化;ΔT为主轴承内表面的温度变化;αT2为光纤光栅温度传感器的温度灵敏度系数。 In the formula: Δλ B2 is the change of the central wavelength of the FBG temperature sensor; ΔT is the temperature change of the inner surface of the main bearing; α T2 is the temperature sensitivity coefficient of the FBG temperature sensor.
令Ψ=αT1/αT2,可得光纤光栅应变传感器的应变变化: Let Ψ=α T1 /α T2 , the strain change of the FBG strain sensor can be obtained:
ε=(ΔλB1-ΨΔλB2)/αε (3), ε=(Δλ B1 -ΨΔλ B2 )/α ε (3),
通过在主轴承内表面不同方向设置的光纤光栅应变传感器,即可获得主轴承在此方向上的应变变化。 The strain change of the main bearing in this direction can be obtained through the fiber grating strain sensors arranged in different directions on the inner surface of the main bearing. the
2)在内燃机废弃机油管内设置机油温度传感器,获得内燃机工作过程中的机油温度变化数据: 2) Install an oil temperature sensor in the waste oil pipe of the internal combustion engine to obtain the oil temperature change data during the working process of the internal combustion engine:
机油温度传感器为光纤光栅温度传感器,它在温度变化作用下的波长变化ΔλB数学表达式: The engine oil temperature sensor is a fiber grating temperature sensor, and its wavelength change Δλ B mathematical expression under the action of temperature change:
ΔλB=αTΔT (4), Δλ B = α T ΔT (4),
式中:ΔλB为机油温度传感器中心波长变化;ΔT为油管内油温变化;αT为机油温度传感器的温度灵敏度系数; In the formula: Δλ B is the change of the central wavelength of the oil temperature sensor; ΔT is the change of the oil temperature in the oil pipe; α T is the temperature sensitivity coefficient of the oil temperature sensor;
利用光纤光栅解调仪获取机油温度传感器中心波长变化,并将其转换为电信号,即可计算得到内燃机工作过程中的机油温度变化。 The change of the central wavelength of the oil temperature sensor is obtained by the fiber grating demodulator, and converted into an electrical signal, and the temperature change of the engine oil during the working process of the internal combustion engine can be calculated. the
按上述方案,在待测主轴承内表面设置光纤光栅应变传感器和用于温度补偿的光纤光栅温度传感器的具体方法为: According to the above scheme, the specific method of setting the fiber grating strain sensor and the fiber grating temperature sensor for temperature compensation on the inner surface of the main bearing to be tested is as follows:
待测主轴承内壁设有轴向槽和周向槽,其中轴向槽的一端连有斜向槽,斜向槽通过一段弧形槽与周向槽光滑连接,轴向槽内固定有1个光纤光栅温度传感器,周向槽内等距固定有2-4个光纤光栅应变传感器;光纤光栅温度传感器与光纤光栅应变传感器通过光纤连接,光纤在斜向槽与轴向槽的交汇处引出与光纤光栅解调仪连接。 The inner wall of the main bearing to be tested is provided with an axial groove and a circumferential groove, wherein one end of the axial groove is connected with an oblique groove, and the oblique groove is smoothly connected with the circumferential groove through an arc-shaped groove, and one Fiber Bragg Grating temperature sensor, 2-4 Fiber Bragg Grating strain sensors are equidistantly fixed in the circumferential groove; the Fiber Bragg Grating temperature sensor and the Fiber Bragg Grating strain sensor are connected by optical fiber, and the optical fiber is drawn out at the intersection of the oblique groove and the axial groove. Grating demodulator connection. the
按上述方案,所述的斜向槽与轴向槽之间的夹角为45度。 According to the above solution, the angle between the oblique groove and the axial groove is 45 degrees. the
按上述方案,所述的轴向槽、周向槽、弧形槽和斜向槽截面均为V字形,槽宽均为1mm,槽深均为0.5mm。 According to the above scheme, the cross-sections of the axial grooves, circumferential grooves, arc grooves and oblique grooves are all V-shaped, the groove width is 1 mm, and the groove depth is 0.5 mm. the
按上述方案,轴承内用于温度补偿的光纤光栅温度传感器和光纤光栅应变传感器分别通过胶水粘接固定,然后采用耐高温脂类材料将轴向槽、周向槽、弧形槽和斜向槽填平。 According to the above scheme, the fiber grating temperature sensor and the fiber grating strain sensor used for temperature compensation in the bearing are respectively fixed by glue, and then the axial groove, circumferential groove, arc groove and oblique groove are made of high temperature resistant lipid material. fill up. the
本发明的工作原理为:采用光纤光栅空分/波分复用传感网络,采用解调仪作为光的发射装置发出宽带光源,通过光纤光栅反射后,波长满足耦合理论的光反射回解调仪,通过解调仪分析波长信号,并将光信号转换为控制器能够识别的电信号,由控制器进行计算,利用光 纤光栅波长变化与温度、应变变化之间的关系,得到内燃机工作过程中主轴承表面的温度和应变变化数据。 The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the optical fiber grating space division/wavelength division multiplexing sensor network is used, and the demodulator is used as the light emitting device to send out a broadband light source. After being reflected by the optical fiber grating, the light whose wavelength satisfies the coupling theory is reflected back to demodulation. The wavelength signal is analyzed by the demodulator, and the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal that can be recognized by the controller, which is calculated by the controller, and the working process of the internal combustion engine is obtained by using the relationship between the wavelength change of the fiber grating and the temperature and strain changes. The temperature and strain change data of the main bearing surface in . the
本发明的有益效果为:本发明利用了光纤光栅能够同时测量应变及温度以及其体积微小和一线多点的特性,可在内燃机工作过程中实现对多个主轴承工作表面的温度和应变变化的同时监测,为内燃机主轴承的结构优化设计提供准确的数据支持。 The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention utilizes the fiber grating to measure strain and temperature at the same time, as well as its small volume and one-line multi-point characteristics, and can realize the temperature and strain changes of the working surfaces of multiple main bearings during the working process of the internal combustion engine. Simultaneous monitoring provides accurate data support for the structural optimization design of internal combustion engine main bearings. the
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明一实施例的结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. the
图2为内燃机主轴承开槽结构示意图。 Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the grooved structure of the main bearing of the internal combustion engine. the
图3为光纤光栅原理图。 Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the fiber grating. the
图4为光纤光栅温度传感器的布置尺寸图。 Fig. 4 is a layout dimension drawing of the fiber grating temperature sensor. the
图5为光纤光栅应变传感器的布置尺寸图。 Fig. 5 is a layout dimension diagram of the fiber grating strain sensor. the
图中:1.待测主轴承,2.轴向槽,3.周向槽,4.弧形槽,5.斜向槽,6.斜向槽与轴向槽的交汇处,7.光纤。 In the figure: 1. Main bearing to be tested, 2. Axial groove, 3. Circumferential groove, 4. Arc groove, 5. Oblique groove, 6. Intersection of oblique groove and axial groove, 7. Optical fiber . the
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
图1为本发明一实施例的结构示意图,它包括顺次连接的光纤光栅传感装置、光纤光栅解调仪和控制器(本实施例中采用计算机);其中光纤光栅传感装置包括至少1组主轴承传感器组(本实施例中为n组)和机油温度传感器;光纤光栅解调仪包括宽带光源、耦合器、光开关阵列、可调谐滤波器、光电探测器和数据采集模块,其中宽带光源通过耦合器与光开关阵列连接,光开关阵列与所述的光纤光栅传感装置连接,可调谐滤波器与耦合器连接对光信号采样,光电探测器与可调谐滤波器连接将采样的光信号转为电信号,数据采集模块与光电探测器连接将电信号采集传输给所述的控制器;所述的可调谐滤波器的采样频率由所述的控制器控制,所述的光开关阵列由所述的控制器通过光开关驱动控制。 Fig. 1 is the structural representation of an embodiment of the present invention, and it comprises fiber grating sensing device, fiber grating demodulator and controller (using computer in the present embodiment) that are connected in sequence; Wherein fiber grating sensing device comprises at least 1 Group main bearing sensor group (n group in this embodiment) and engine oil temperature sensor; Fiber Bragg grating demodulator includes broadband light source, coupler, optical switch array, tunable filter, photodetector and data acquisition module, wherein broadband The light source is connected to the optical switch array through the coupler, the optical switch array is connected to the fiber grating sensing device, the tunable filter is connected to the coupler to sample the optical signal, and the photodetector is connected to the tunable filter to sample the light The signal is converted into an electrical signal, and the data acquisition module is connected with the photodetector to collect and transmit the electrical signal to the controller; the sampling frequency of the tunable filter is controlled by the controller, and the optical switch array Driven and controlled by the controller through an optical switch. the
主轴承传感器组包括光纤光栅温度传感器MBi和光纤光栅应变传感器MBi1-MBi4(i=1,2……n),分别固定在待测主轴承内壁的槽中,且1组主轴承传感器组对应于1个待测主轴承。如图2所示,待测主轴承1内壁设有轴向槽2和周向槽3,其中轴向槽2的一端连有斜向槽5,斜向槽5通过一段弧形槽4与周向槽3光滑连接,轴向槽2内固定有1个光纤光栅温度传感器,周向槽3内等距固定有2-4个光纤光栅应变传感器;光纤光栅温度传感器与光纤光栅应变传感器通过光纤连接,光纤在斜向槽与轴向槽的交汇处6引出与光纤光栅解调仪连接;机油温度传感器固定在内燃机废弃机油管内用于测量内燃机运行过程的机油温度,机油温度传感器通过光纤与光纤光栅解调仪连接。 The main bearing sensor group includes fiber grating temperature sensor MBi and fiber grating strain sensor MBi1-MBi4 (i=1, 2...n), which are respectively fixed in the grooves on the inner wall of the main bearing to be tested, and one group of main bearing sensor groups corresponds to 1 main bearing to be tested. As shown in Figure 2, the inner wall of the main bearing 1 to be tested is provided with an axial groove 2 and a circumferential groove 3, wherein one end of the axial groove 2 is connected with an oblique groove 5, and the oblique groove 5 connects with the circumferential groove 4 through an arc-shaped groove 4. It is smoothly connected to the groove 3, a fiber grating temperature sensor is fixed in the axial groove 2, and 2-4 fiber grating strain sensors are fixed equidistantly in the circumferential groove 3; the fiber grating temperature sensor and the fiber grating strain sensor are connected through optical fibers , the optical fiber is drawn out at the junction 6 of the oblique groove and the axial groove to connect with the fiber grating demodulator; the oil temperature sensor is fixed in the waste oil pipe of the internal combustion engine to measure the oil temperature during the operation of the internal combustion engine, and the oil temperature sensor passes through the optical fiber and the optical fiber grating Demodulator connection. the
本实施例中,斜向槽5与轴向槽2之间的夹角为45度,轴向槽2、周向槽3、弧形槽4 和斜向槽5截面均为V字形,槽宽均为1mm,槽深均为0.5mm。光纤光栅温度传感器和光纤光栅应变传感器分别通过耐高温强力胶水粘接固定后,轴向槽2、周向槽3、弧形槽4和斜向槽5再采用耐高温脂类材料填平。布置在各主轴承内壁的光纤光栅传感器跳线引出后通过高温胶固定于油底壳底部,集中后从油底壳废弃机油管内引出。 In this embodiment, the included angle between the oblique groove 5 and the axial groove 2 is 45 degrees, and the sections of the axial groove 2, the circumferential groove 3, the arc groove 4 and the oblique groove 5 are all V-shaped, and the groove width is Both are 1mm, and the groove depth is 0.5mm. After the fiber grating temperature sensor and the fiber grating strain sensor are respectively bonded and fixed by high temperature resistant superglue, the axial groove 2, the circumferential groove 3, the arc groove 4 and the oblique groove 5 are filled with high temperature resistant resin material. The fiber optic grating sensor jumpers arranged on the inner wall of each main bearing are led out and fixed to the bottom of the oil pan with high-temperature glue, and then lead out from the waste oil pipe of the oil pan after concentration. the
主轴承传感器组的布置尺寸图如图4和5所示,轴向槽的长度为L,光纤光栅温度传感器为铠装好的传感器,位于轴向槽的正中,光纤7从轴向槽的一端引出;轴向槽中每0.6R(R为待测主轴承的半径)设置1个光纤光栅应变传感器,光纤光栅应变传感器为裸光栅,长度为10mm,弧形槽的长度为0.2R,斜向槽的长度为0.4R,本实施例中,斜向槽中也设有1个光纤光栅应变传感器。
The layout dimensions of the main bearing sensor group are shown in Figures 4 and 5, the length of the axial slot is L, the fiber grating temperature sensor is an armored sensor, located in the middle of the axial slot, and the
光纤是光导纤维的简称,是工作在光波波段的一种介质波导。光纤传感器是通过光纤传输的光波强度、频率、相位、偏振态等变化,测得波长的变化,从而得到被测结构的温度、应变等物理量的大小。 Optical fiber is the abbreviation of optical fiber, which is a kind of dielectric waveguide that works in the light wave band. Optical fiber sensors measure changes in wavelength through changes in the intensity, frequency, phase, and polarization state of light waves transmitted through optical fibers, thereby obtaining physical quantities such as temperature and strain of the measured structure. the
光纤传感器由纤芯、包层和涂覆层组成,纤芯和包层的主要成分为二氧化硅。纤芯直径一般为5-50μm,包层直径为125μm。涂覆层的主要成分一般是环氧树脂、硅橡胶等高分子材料,直径一般为250μm。 The optical fiber sensor consists of a core, a cladding and a coating layer, and the main component of the core and cladding is silica. The core diameter is generally 5-50 μm, and the cladding diameter is 125 μm. The main components of the coating layer are generally polymer materials such as epoxy resin and silicone rubber, and the diameter is generally 250 μm. the
光纤传感器由三个环节组成:信号的转换、信号的传输、信号的接收与处理。其中,信号的转换环节是将被测信号转换成便于传输的光信号,信号的传输环节是利用光导纤维的特性将转换的光信号进行传输,信号的接收与处理环节是将来自光导纤维的信号送入测量电路,由测量电路进行处理并输出。 Optical fiber sensor consists of three links: signal conversion, signal transmission, signal reception and processing. Among them, the signal conversion link is to convert the measured signal into an optical signal that is convenient for transmission, the signal transmission link is to use the characteristics of the optical fiber to transmit the converted optical signal, and the signal receiving and processing link is to convert the signal from the optical fiber It is sent to the measurement circuit, processed and output by the measurement circuit. the
在本发明中采用的光纤布拉格光栅是通过改变光纤芯区折射率,产生小的周期性调制而形成的,其折射率通常在10-5-10-3之间,其原理如图3所示。由于周期的折射率扰动仅会对很窄的一小段光谱产生影响,因此,如果宽带光波在光栅中传输时,入射光将在相应的波长被反射回来,其余的透射光则不受影响,这样光纤光栅就起到了光波的选择作用。这类利用调谐波长反射的光栅被称为布拉格光栅,光纤布拉格光栅的中心波长与有效折射率的数学关系是光纤传感的基础。从麦克斯韦经典方程出发,结合光纤耦合模理论,利用光纤光栅传输模式的正交关系,得到布拉格光栅反射波长的基本表达式: The fiber Bragg grating used in the present invention is formed by changing the refractive index of the fiber core to produce small periodic modulation, and its refractive index is usually between 10 -5 -10 -3 . The principle is shown in Figure 3 . Since the periodic refractive index perturbation will only affect a very narrow section of the spectrum, if the broadband light wave is transmitted in the grating, the incident light will be reflected back at the corresponding wavelength, and the rest of the transmitted light will not be affected, so The fiber grating plays a role in the selection of light waves. This type of grating that uses tuned wavelength reflection is called a Bragg grating, and the mathematical relationship between the central wavelength of the fiber Bragg grating and the effective refractive index is the basis of optical fiber sensing. Starting from Maxwell's classical equations, combined with the theory of fiber-coupled modes, and using the orthogonal relationship of the transmission mode of the fiber grating, the basic expression of the reflection wavelength of the Bragg grating is obtained:
λ=2neffΛ (5), λ=2n eff Λ (5),
其中,λ为被光纤光栅反射回去的波长,neff为纤芯的有效折射率,Λ为光栅周期,可以通过改变两相干紫外光束的相对角度而加以调整,并通过这种方法制作出不同反射波长的布拉格光栅。当外界的被测量引起光纤光栅温度、应变改变都会导致反射的中心波长的变化,也就是说光纤光栅反射光中心波长的变化反映了外界被测信号(主轴承表面应变、温度)的 变化情况。 Among them, λ is the wavelength reflected back by the fiber grating, n eff is the effective refractive index of the fiber core, and Λ is the grating period, which can be adjusted by changing the relative angle of the two coherent ultraviolet beams, and different reflections can be produced by this method. wavelength Bragg grating. When the outside is measured, the temperature and strain of the fiber grating will change, which will lead to the change of the central wavelength of the reflection, that is to say, the change of the central wavelength of the reflected light of the fiber grating reflects the change of the external measured signal (main bearing surface strain, temperature).
铠装的光纤光栅温度传感器是通过采用金属材料对其中的敏感元件光栅进行保护,使其仅受温度的影响。对机油温度的采集利用了机油温度传感器在温度变化作用下的波长变化ΔλB,其数学表达式: The armored fiber grating temperature sensor protects the grating of the sensitive element in it by using metal material, so that it is only affected by temperature. The acquisition of engine oil temperature utilizes the wavelength change Δλ B of the engine oil temperature sensor under the action of temperature change, and its mathematical expression is:
ΔλB=αTΔT (6), Δλ B = α T ΔT (6),
式中:ΔλB为机油温度传感器中心波长变化;ΔT为油箱内油温变化;αT为机油温度传感器的温度灵敏度系数。 In the formula: Δλ B is the change of the central wavelength of the oil temperature sensor; ΔT is the change of the oil temperature in the fuel tank; α T is the temperature sensitivity coefficient of the oil temperature sensor.
对轴承应变的数据采集利用了轴承内的光纤光栅应变传感器,当温度变化时,必须对应变传感进行温度补偿,因此采用轴承内的光纤光栅温度传感器对光纤光栅应变传感器进行温度补偿。 The data acquisition of the bearing strain uses the fiber grating strain sensor in the bearing. When the temperature changes, the strain sensor must be temperature compensated. Therefore, the fiber grating temperature sensor in the bearing is used to compensate the temperature of the fiber grating strain sensor. the
光纤光栅应变传感器的中心波长变化是由温度与应变共同产生的,可由下式表示: The central wavelength change of the fiber grating strain sensor is jointly produced by temperature and strain, which can be expressed by the following formula:
ΔλB1=αεε+αT1ΔT (7), Δλ B1 = α ε ε + α T1 ΔT (7),
式中:ΔλB1为光纤光栅应变传感器中心波长变化;ΔT为轴承温度变化;ε为应变变化;αε为光纤光栅应变传感器的应变灵敏度系数;αT1为光纤光栅应变传感器的温度灵敏度系数。 In the formula: Δλ B1 is the center wavelength change of the FBG strain sensor; ΔT is the bearing temperature change; ε is the strain change; α ε is the strain sensitivity coefficient of the FBG strain sensor; α T1 is the temperature sensitivity coefficient of the FBG strain sensor.
光纤光栅温度传感器的中心波长变化由下式表示: The central wavelength change of the fiber grating temperature sensor is expressed by the following formula:
ΔλB2=αT2ΔT (8), Δλ B2 = α T2 ΔT (8),
式中:ΔλB2为光纤光栅温度传感器中心波长变化;ΔT为轴承温度变化;αT2为光纤光栅温度传感器的温度灵敏度系数。 In the formula: Δλ B2 is the center wavelength change of the FBG temperature sensor; ΔT is the bearing temperature change; α T2 is the temperature sensitivity coefficient of the FBG temperature sensor.
令Ψ=αT1/αT2,可得光纤光栅应变传感器的应变变化: Let Ψ=α T1 /α T2 , the strain change of the FBG strain sensor can be obtained:
ε=(ΔλB1-ΨΔλB2)/αε (9), ε=(Δλ B1 -ΨΔλ B2 )/α ε (9),
测试系统采用光纤光栅空分/波分复用传感网络,进行分布式测量,可以在内燃机工作过程中同时监测每个主轴承内表面的应变和温度变化。 The test system uses a fiber grating space division/wavelength division multiplexing sensor network for distributed measurement, which can simultaneously monitor the strain and temperature changes on the inner surface of each main bearing during the operation of the internal combustion engine. the
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201310263852.5A CN103411550B (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2013-06-28 | Internal combustion engine main bearing inner surface stress and temperature monitoring method based on fiber grating |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201310263852.5A CN103411550B (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2013-06-28 | Internal combustion engine main bearing inner surface stress and temperature monitoring method based on fiber grating |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN103411550A true CN103411550A (en) | 2013-11-27 |
CN103411550B CN103411550B (en) | 2016-07-06 |
Family
ID=49604579
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201310263852.5A Active CN103411550B (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2013-06-28 | Internal combustion engine main bearing inner surface stress and temperature monitoring method based on fiber grating |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN103411550B (en) |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103954413A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-07-30 | 武汉理工大学 | Fiber bragg grating sensing based hydraulic cylinder dynamic seal failure state monitoring method |
CN104089652A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-10-08 | 国家电网公司 | On-line monitoring system and method of fiber grating transformer |
CN104296930A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-01-21 | 武汉理工大学 | Hydraulic reciprocating motive seal state monitoring sensor |
CN104614091A (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-05-13 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | All-fiber long-distance high-spatial-resolution single-photon temperature sensor |
CN106596104A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-04-26 | 湖北工程学院 | A rolling bearing monitoring device and method |
CN106643906A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-10 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Monitoring method and monitoring system for variable-pitch bearing |
CN107478422A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-15 | 厦门大学 | A kind of method and apparatus of Slanted ejecting mechanism of injection mould monitoring |
CN107631814A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2018-01-26 | 电子科技大学 | Light senses light channel structure, frequency displacement change detecting method and sensing device from relevant |
CN108678034A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-19 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of monitoring method based on cube bridge foundation washout safety monitoring assembly |
CN108896314A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2018-11-27 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of detection method and detection device for angular contact ball bearing operating status |
CN109489801A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-03-19 | 电子科技大学 | Multi-core optical fiber distribution acoustic wave sensing system based on space division multiplexing |
CN110823570A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-02-21 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Water lubricated bearing wear state detection sensing device and monitoring system |
CN112525532A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-03-19 | 江苏大学 | Three-row roller type turntable bearing health monitoring device based on fiber bragg grating |
CN112880581A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-06-01 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Cylinder sleeve deformation amount measuring method and device |
CN112945127A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-06-11 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Fiber grating strain type rebar meter metering calibration device and method |
US12196633B2 (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2025-01-14 | Airbus Operations Limited | Sensor assembly |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5945666A (en) * | 1996-05-20 | 1999-08-31 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Hybrid fiber bragg grating/long period fiber grating sensor for strain/temperature discrimination |
US20030141440A1 (en) * | 2002-01-28 | 2003-07-31 | Ices Co., Ltd. | Multi-type fiber bragg grating sensor system |
CN101852659A (en) * | 2010-05-25 | 2010-10-06 | 上海应用技术学院 | Oil Derrick Stress Data Acquisition System Based on Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Network |
CN102162753A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-08-24 | 无锡成电光纤传感科技有限公司 | Sensor structure for simultaneously measuring temperature and strain of long period fiber gratings (LPFGs) |
-
2013
- 2013-06-28 CN CN201310263852.5A patent/CN103411550B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5945666A (en) * | 1996-05-20 | 1999-08-31 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Hybrid fiber bragg grating/long period fiber grating sensor for strain/temperature discrimination |
US20030141440A1 (en) * | 2002-01-28 | 2003-07-31 | Ices Co., Ltd. | Multi-type fiber bragg grating sensor system |
CN101852659A (en) * | 2010-05-25 | 2010-10-06 | 上海应用技术学院 | Oil Derrick Stress Data Acquisition System Based on Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Network |
CN102162753A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-08-24 | 无锡成电光纤传感科技有限公司 | Sensor structure for simultaneously measuring temperature and strain of long period fiber gratings (LPFGs) |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
孙丽等: "光纤光栅传感器监测混凝土固化收缩实验研究", 《建筑材料学报》 * |
韩文松: "内燃机轴瓦烧损的原因及预防", 《山东内燃机》 * |
Cited By (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103954413A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-07-30 | 武汉理工大学 | Fiber bragg grating sensing based hydraulic cylinder dynamic seal failure state monitoring method |
CN103954413B (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2016-07-20 | 武汉理工大学 | Hydraulic cylinder movable sealing Failure status monitoring method based on optical fiber grating sensing |
CN104089652A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-10-08 | 国家电网公司 | On-line monitoring system and method of fiber grating transformer |
CN104296930A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-01-21 | 武汉理工大学 | Hydraulic reciprocating motive seal state monitoring sensor |
CN104296930B (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2016-07-20 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of hydraulic reciprocating movable sealing status monitoring sensor |
CN104614091A (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-05-13 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | All-fiber long-distance high-spatial-resolution single-photon temperature sensor |
CN106596104A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-04-26 | 湖北工程学院 | A rolling bearing monitoring device and method |
CN106643906A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-10 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Monitoring method and monitoring system for variable-pitch bearing |
CN107478422A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-15 | 厦门大学 | A kind of method and apparatus of Slanted ejecting mechanism of injection mould monitoring |
CN107631814B (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2020-09-01 | 电子科技大学 | Optical self-coherent sensing optical path structure, frequency shift change detection method and sensing device |
CN107631814A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2018-01-26 | 电子科技大学 | Light senses light channel structure, frequency displacement change detecting method and sensing device from relevant |
CN108678034A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-19 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of monitoring method based on cube bridge foundation washout safety monitoring assembly |
CN108896314A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2018-11-27 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of detection method and detection device for angular contact ball bearing operating status |
CN108896314B (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-12-31 | 河南科技大学 | A detection device for the running state of angular contact ball bearings |
CN109489801A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-03-19 | 电子科技大学 | Multi-core optical fiber distribution acoustic wave sensing system based on space division multiplexing |
CN109489801B (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-10-20 | 电子科技大学 | Multi-core fiber distributed acoustic wave sensing system based on space division multiplexing |
CN110823570A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-02-21 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Water lubricated bearing wear state detection sensing device and monitoring system |
US12196633B2 (en) | 2020-03-30 | 2025-01-14 | Airbus Operations Limited | Sensor assembly |
CN112525532A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-03-19 | 江苏大学 | Three-row roller type turntable bearing health monitoring device based on fiber bragg grating |
CN112880581A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-06-01 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Cylinder sleeve deformation amount measuring method and device |
CN112945127A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-06-11 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Fiber grating strain type rebar meter metering calibration device and method |
CN112945127B (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2024-05-31 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Fiber bragg grating strain type rebar meter metering calibration device and method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103411550B (en) | 2016-07-06 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN103411550B (en) | Internal combustion engine main bearing inner surface stress and temperature monitoring method based on fiber grating | |
CN203365029U (en) | Internal combustion engine main bearing internal surface strain and temperature monitoring system based on fiber grating | |
Zhou et al. | Asymmetrical twin-core fiber based Michelson interferometer for refractive index sensing | |
Zhang et al. | High-sensitivity strain and temperature simultaneous measurement sensor based on multimode fiber chirped long-period grating | |
WO2014101754A1 (en) | Multi-core optical fibre, sensing device adopting multi-core optical fibre and running method therefor | |
CN103148956B (en) | One carries out thermometric device and method based on coating micro-nano fiber | |
CN110987230B (en) | A dual-parameter optical fiber sensing module and system | |
CN102589617A (en) | Full-fiber type multi-parameter monitoring system based on chirped fiber grating | |
KR102228641B1 (en) | Measuring system using fbg sensor | |
CN203432906U (en) | Refractive index optical fiber sensing probe with tapering structure | |
Mansoursamaei et al. | Simultaneous measurement of temperature and strain using a single fiber bragg grating on a tilted cantilever beam | |
Zhou et al. | Cladding-mode-recoupling-based tilted fiber Bragg grating sensor with a core-diameter-mismatched fiber section | |
Deng et al. | Twisted tapered plastic optical fibers for continuous liquid level sensing | |
Yan et al. | Optical fiber strain sensor with double S-tapers | |
Taher | The influence of no-core fiber length on the sensitivity in fiber optic strain sensor | |
CN204630604U (en) | A kind of SMS type parallel multiplex multiplex optical fibre sensor | |
CN101975867A (en) | Fiber bragg grating-based rotating speed detection system and detection method thereof | |
CN103644991A (en) | Dual-FBG (fiber bragg grating) stress sensor based on DFB (Distributed Feed Back) laser demodulation and stress measuring method | |
CN201464078U (en) | Single sleeve pipe etch-type fiber Bragg grating temperature and enhanced sensibility sensor | |
Kim et al. | Determination of engineering strain distribution in a rotor blade with fibre Bragg grating array and a rotary optic coupler | |
CN112859237B (en) | Composite detection device based on multi-core optical fiber sensor | |
Peng et al. | RETRACTED ARTICLE: Intelligent electrical equipment fiber Bragg grating temperature measurement system | |
Zhang | The design of strain sensitising of high-sensitivity SAW sensor based on FBG | |
CN101819160A (en) | Method for positioning transverse cracks of carbon fiber composite material by using chirp grating | |
Zhu et al. | The measurement of sucrose concentration by two-tapered all-fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometer employing different coupling structures and manufacture processes |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |