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CN103402806B - 用于高压流体容器的阀组件 - Google Patents

用于高压流体容器的阀组件 Download PDF

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CN103402806B
CN103402806B CN201280006172.9A CN201280006172A CN103402806B CN 103402806 B CN103402806 B CN 103402806B CN 201280006172 A CN201280006172 A CN 201280006172A CN 103402806 B CN103402806 B CN 103402806B
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valve module
container
fluid
flow path
flow limiter
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CN103402806A (zh
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V·米尔斯
D·L·皮弗
R·塞克斯顿
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Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd
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Eaton Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/0836—Arrangement of valves controlling the admission of fuel vapour to an engine, e.g. valve being disposed between fuel tank or absorption canister and intake manifold
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/035—Fuel tanks characterised by venting means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/035—Fuel tanks characterised by venting means
    • B60K15/03519—Valve arrangements in the vent line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
    • F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
    • F16K17/0413—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded in the form of closure plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0644—One-way valve
    • F16K31/0655—Lift valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0686—Braking, pressure equilibration, shock absorbing
    • F16K31/0689—Braking of the valve element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K2015/03256—Fuel tanks characterised by special valves, the mounting thereof
    • B60K2015/03302—Electromagnetic valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • B60K15/035—Fuel tanks characterised by venting means
    • B60K15/03504—Fuel tanks characterised by venting means adapted to avoid loss of fuel or fuel vapour, e.g. with vapour recovery systems
    • B60K2015/03514—Fuel tanks characterised by venting means adapted to avoid loss of fuel or fuel vapour, e.g. with vapour recovery systems with vapor recovery means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M2025/0845—Electromagnetic valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7758—Pilot or servo controlled
    • Y10T137/7761—Electrically actuated valve
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86928—Sequentially progressive opening or closing of plural valves
    • Y10T137/87016—Lost motion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86928—Sequentially progressive opening or closing of plural valves
    • Y10T137/87016—Lost motion
    • Y10T137/8704—First valve actuates second valve
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/87265—Dividing into parallel flow paths with recombining
    • Y10T137/87338—Flow passage with bypass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/87265—Dividing into parallel flow paths with recombining
    • Y10T137/87378—Second valve assembly carried by first valve head
    • Y10T137/87394—Carried valve is direct response valve [e.g., check valve, etc.]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Supplying Secondary Fuel Or The Like To Fuel, Air Or Fuel-Air Mixtures (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种用于控制两个容器(12，18)之间的流体流动的阀组件(20)。该阀组件(20)包括布置在外壳(22)内并构造为当第一容器(12)内的压力在第一预定压力值之上时打开第一流体流动路径(38)的安全阀(28)。该阀组件(20)还包括构造为当从第一容器(12)到第二容器(18)的流体流动速度在预定参考值之上时打开第二流体流动路径(60)的螺线管组件(40)。此外，该阀组件(20)包括构造为当从第一容器(12)到第二容器(18)的流体流动速度在预定参考值之下时和当第一容器(12)内的压力在第二预定参考值之下时打开第三流体流动路径(62)的流动限制器(50)。

Description

用于高压流体容器的阀组件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于控制流向和流出高压容器的流体流动的阀组件。
背景技术
在大量工业中使用阀来控制液体和／或气体的流动。这种控制阀的一个应用出现在具有存储的燃料的车辆中，以控制由从车辆燃料系统逸出的汽油蒸气引起的车辆蒸发排放。现代车辆的蒸发排放在许多国家是严格规定的。为了防止燃料蒸气直接排出到大气，大多数从1970年代制造的车辆包括特别设计的蒸发排放系统。此外，在最近几年车辆制造商开始给其发动机发展全密封的燃料输送。
在通常的蒸发排放系统中，从燃料系统排出的蒸气被送到包含有活性炭的净化罐。在这些罐中使用的活性炭是一种已被处理为极端多孔的碳的形式，其产生可用于燃料蒸气和／或化学反应物的吸收的非常大的表面区域。在特定发动机操作模式期间，借助于特别设计的控制阀，燃料蒸气在罐内被吸收。随后，在其他发动机操作模式期间，借助于另外的控制阀，新鲜空气经由罐被吸入，将燃料蒸气推入发动机并在那里燃烧。
发明内容
本发明的实施例是一种用于控制第一容器和第二容器之间的流体流动的阀组件。该阀组件包括布置在外壳内并构造为当第一容器内的压力在第一预定压力值之上时打开第一流体流动路径的安全阀。
该阀组件还包括构造为当从第一容器到第二容器的流体流动速度在预定参考值之上时打开第二流体流动路径的螺线管组件。
此外，该阀组件包括构造为当从第一容器到第二容器的流体流动速度在预定参考值之下和当在第一容器12内的压力在第二预定压力值之下时打开第三流体流动路径的流动限制器。
本发明的以上特征和优点以及其他特征和优点当结合附图从以下用于实施本发明的最佳模式的详细描述中将显而易见。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明一个实施例的构造成用于控制在燃料箱和净化罐之间的燃料蒸气流动的阀组件的截面图，其中所示阀处于关闭状态；
图2是图1中所示阀组件的截面图，其中在燃料箱和净化罐之间的第一流动路径被示出为处于打开状态；
图3是图1所示阀组件的截面图，其中在燃料箱和净化罐之间的第二流动路径被示出为处于打开状态；
图4是图1所示阀组件的截面图，其中在燃料箱和净化罐之间的第三流动路径被示出为当燃料箱处于压力下时处于打开状态；
图5是图1所示阀组件的截面图，其中在燃料箱和净化罐之间的第三流动路径被示出为当燃料箱处于真空时处于打开状态；
图6是具有衔铁的阀组件的截面图，该衔铁包括独立的活塞和柱塞且柱塞通过闭锁机构连接到活塞。
具体实施方式
参考附图，其中相同的参考数字在整个几幅图中相应于相同或类似的部件，图1示出了车辆，由数字10示意性地表示。车辆10包括构造为用于保存燃料的容器的燃料箱12，燃料通过燃料输送系统供给到内燃机13，燃料输送系统通常包括燃料泵(未示出)，如本领域技术人员理解的。车辆10还包括控制器14，其构造为调节发动机13及其燃料输送系统的操作。燃料箱12操作地连接到蒸发排放控制系统16，该系统包括适于收集由燃料箱12排出的燃料蒸气和随后将燃料蒸气释放到发动机13的净化罐18。控制器14还构造为调节蒸发排放控制系统16的操作以便收回并再循环排出的燃料蒸气。此外，控制器14适于调节阀组件20的操作，即，适于选择性地打开和关闭该阀，以便为燃料箱12提供过压和真空安全。
蒸发排放控制系统16包括阀组件20。阀组件20构造为控制在燃料箱12和净化罐18之间的燃料蒸气流动。尽管所示阀组件20位于燃料箱12和净化罐18之间，但不排除将阀组件布置在不同的位置，例如在净化罐18和发动机13之间。阀组件20包括外壳22，其以紧凑的方式容纳阀组件的所有内部部件。外壳22通过连接器24连接到燃料箱12，并通过连接器26连接到净化罐。外壳22容纳安全阀28。安全阀28包括活塞30，该活塞可由合适的抗化学材料例如合适的塑料或铝形成。安全阀28还可包括柔性的密封件32，其可以由合适的抗化学弹性体材料形成。密封件32可以是向内倾斜的动态压力密封件，即，这种密封件的外部边缘或唇缘与中心轴线Y1成角度。在操作中，密封件32沿着其成角度的外部边缘与外壳22初始接触。在与外壳22初始接触之后，密封件32的外部边缘偏斜以顺从外壳并密封地关闭通路34。密封件的外部边缘的向内倾斜提供了在密封件32和外壳22之间的小开口处燃料蒸气流动的加强控制。
活塞30和密封件32可以通过合适的制造方法例如二次成型(包覆成型，overmolding)组合成整体的活塞组件，如本领域技术人员理解的。活塞30和密封件32被弹簧36驱促以关闭通路34。如图2所示，当燃料箱12在第一预定压力值之上时，安全阀28构造为方便打开由箭头38表示的第一燃料蒸气流动路径，燃料蒸气沿从燃料箱12朝向净化罐18的方向流动经过该路径。第一预定压力值优选为正数，表示燃料箱12的极端或过压条件。
燃料箱12的过压条件可以取决于根据合适的工程标准通常指定的设计参数，且通常包括安全系数以排除燃料箱的操作故障。燃料箱12内的压力可以响应于多个因素变化，例如包含在其中的燃料的量和温度。第一预定压力值可以基于燃料箱12和发动机燃料输送系统的设计参数以及基于测试和开发期间获得的经验数据而建立。
阀组件20还包括布置在外壳22内部的螺线管组件40，其适于从车辆交流发电机或从能量存储装置(未示出)接收电力，且通过来自控制器14的控制信号而被触发或激励／通电。螺线管组件40包括衔铁42、螺线管弹簧44和线圈46，如本领域技术人员理解的。当螺线管组件未被激励时，螺线管弹簧44构造为产生足以驱促衔铁42离开螺线管组件40的力。线圈46构造为激励螺线管组件40，且通过克服弹簧44的偏置力而使衔铁42缩回螺线管组件内。
阀组件20此外可包括流动限制器50。流动限制器50布置在外壳22内，且包括活塞52，该活塞可由合适的抗化学材料如合适的塑料或铝形成。流动限制器50还包括柔性的密封件54，该密封件可以由合适的抗化学橡胶形成。密封件54是向内倾斜的动态压力密封件，即，该密封件的外部边缘或唇缘与中心轴线Y2成角度。在操作中，密封件54沿其成角度的外部边缘与外壳22初始接触。在与外壳22初始接触之后，密封件54的外部边缘偏斜以顺从外壳并密封地关闭通路56。该密封件的外部边缘的向内倾斜提供了在密封件54和外壳22之间的小开口处燃料蒸气流动的加强控制。
类似于以上活塞30和密封件32，活塞52和密封件54可以通过合适的制造方法例如二次成型组合成整体的活塞组件。活塞52和密封件54在弹簧58的作用下被驱促成关闭通路56。在图1所示的实施例中，流动限制器50构造为在缺乏来自控制器14的控制信号的情况下在螺线管弹簧44的驱促下通过衔铁42的延伸部而通常关闭。返回参考图2，流动限制器的常闭位置——与安全阀28的打开(如上所述)相结合——还方便了由箭头38表示的第一流动燃料蒸气流动路径的打开。
如图3所示，当衔铁42响应于通过来自控制器14的控制信号被激励的螺线管组件而缩回螺线管组件40内时，通路56露出。弹簧58被燃料蒸气的流动力压缩，且流动限制器50通过蒸气流动推离阻塞位置从而方便通路56的打开。露出的通路56打开由箭头60表示的第二燃料蒸气流动路径，燃料蒸气沿从燃料箱12朝向净化罐18的方向流动经过该路径。当从燃料箱12到净化罐18的流体流动速度大于预定参考值以便打开通路56时，燃料蒸气在箭头60表示的方向上流动。
从燃料箱12流出的流体流动速度可响应于多个因素而变化，例如包含在其中的燃料的量、温度和压力。流体流动速度的预定参考值可以设置为例如大约260升每分钟(LPM)，但是也可关于较高或较低的预定参考值建立。参考值通常是根据特定发动机燃料输送系统的操作参数而预定的或建立的，如本领域技术人员理解的。然而，预定的流体流动速度必须足够高以压缩弹簧58并从而露出通路56，且弹簧58的刚度应因此相应地选择。
活塞52和密封件54通过弹簧58而被驱促成关闭通路56。安全阀28构造为打开由如图4所示的箭头62A和如图5所示的箭头62B表示的第三燃料蒸气流动路径。箭头62A表示燃料蒸气沿从燃料箱12朝向净化罐18的方向流动经过的第三燃料蒸气流动路径，箭头62B表示燃料蒸气沿从净化罐18朝向燃料箱12的方向流动经过的第三燃料蒸气流动路径。当从燃料箱12到净化罐18的流体流动速度在第一预定参考值之下时，燃料蒸气在由箭头62B表示的方向上流动。
如图6所示，衔铁42还可以由分离的部件即活塞42A和柱塞42B组成，以便减少通路56打开和关闭期间衔铁的操作滞后。在阀组件20的操作期间可能在衔铁42和螺线管组件40的孔72之间产生摩擦。特别地，这种摩擦会影响当流动限制器50通过蒸气流动被推离阻塞位置时由图5中所示箭头62B表示的第三燃料蒸气流动路径的打开和关闭情况。为了应对这种可能性，如图6所示，柱塞42B通过闭锁机构74连接到活塞42A。因此，闭锁机构74构造为保持柱塞42B和活塞42A之间的连接。
闭锁机构74构造为允许柱塞42B远离流动限制器50移动或平移一距离76，该距离足以打开第三燃料蒸气流动路径62B而不需要使活塞42A也远离流动限制器移位。因此，分离的活塞42A和柱塞42B允许活塞42A和孔72之间的摩擦不影响第三燃料蒸气流动路径62B的初始打开。提供止动板78以限制活塞42A在孔72内的行程。
如图6的实施例中所示，额外提供柱塞弹簧80以朝向止动板78预加载柱塞42B。柱塞弹簧80构造为将柱塞42B压向密封件54且当螺线管组件40未被激励时保持流动限制器50的常闭位置。当阀组件20如图6所示定位时，柱塞弹簧80允许施加重力以朝向止动板78推动活塞42A。因此，在当阀组件20定位成以这种方式使用重力时的情况下，螺线管弹簧44成为可选择的。在这种情况下，柱塞弹簧80另外构造为执行螺线管弹簧44的全部所述功能。
如图4所示，当衔铁42响应于通过来自控制器14的控制信号被激励的螺线管组件而缩回螺线管组件40内时，通路64露出。第三燃料蒸气流动路径62A中的燃料蒸气的流动力不足以压缩弹簧58。弹簧58因此允许延伸并驱促流动限制器50在露出通路64的同时关闭通路56。在该示例中，当流体流动速度低于大约260LPM的预定参考值时由箭头62A表示的第三燃料蒸气流动路径打开，但是还可关于较高的或较低的参考值建立。然而，为了露出通路64，第三燃料蒸气流动路径中的流体流动速度应当不能压缩弹簧58；因此，弹簧58的刚度应相应地被选择。
如上所述，安全阀28另外构造为当燃料箱12在第二预定压力值之下时打开燃料蒸气沿由箭头62B表示的方向流动经过的第三燃料蒸气流动路径(图5所示)。第一预定压力值大于第二预定压力值。第一预定压力值优选为正数，表示燃料箱12的极端或过压条件，而第二预定压力值优选为负数，即表示燃料箱12在真空下。燃料箱12内的真空足以克服弹簧44的力，且从而露出通路64以打开第三燃料蒸气流动路径。弹簧44特别设计成在燃料箱12的特定真空设置点处允许第三燃料蒸气流动路径的打开。这样，螺线管弹簧44的刚度产生当燃料箱12处于正压力时足以关闭通路64但是当燃料箱处于真空时不足以关闭该通路的力。
在图1至5所示的实施例中，阀组件20还包括盖66，该盖在该示例中构造为单体部件。盖66借助于嵌套在槽66A内的凸缘22A相对于外壳22定位。盖66通过带凸片的延伸部68与外壳22接合和相互连接，所述延伸部构造为提供对外壳的卡扣配合。阀组件20额外包括静止密封件70，该静止密封件适于朝向外壳22密封地密封盖66。如图1-5所示，且本领域技术人员可以理解的，密封件70是O型环类型的。
尽管已经详细描述了用于实施本发明的最佳模式，但熟知本发明相关领域的人将认识到在所附权利要求的范围内的用于实施本发明的各种可供选择的设计和实施例。

Claims (13)

1.一种阀组件(20)，其构造为用于控制第一容器(12)和第二容器(18)之间的流体流动，该阀组件(20)包括：
安全阀(28)，其构造为当所述第一容器(12)内的压力在第一预定压力值之上时打开第一流体流动路径(38)；
螺线管组件(40)，其构造为当从所述第一容器(12)到所述第二容器(18)的流体流动速度在预定参考值之上时打开第二流体流动路径(60)；和
流动限制器(50)，其构造为当从所述第一容器(12)到所述第二容器(18)的流体流动速度在所述预定参考值之下时和当所述第一容器(12)内的压力在第二预定参考值之下时打开第三流体流动路径(62)，
其中，所述螺线管组件(40)包括构造为选择性地打开和关闭所述流动限制器(50)的衔铁(42)，且所述衔铁(42)包括活塞(42A)和柱塞(42B)，其中所述活塞(42A)通过闭锁机构(74)连接到所述柱塞(42B)，所述闭锁机构构造为允许所述柱塞(42B)远离所述流动限制器(50)平移以使得所述第三流体流动路径(62)在无需移位所述活塞(42A)的情况下打开。
2.根据权利要求1的阀组件，还包括柱塞弹簧(80)并且包括线圈(46)，所述柱塞弹簧构造为将所述柱塞(42B)压向所述流动限制器(50)以保持所述流动限制器(50)在关闭位置，所述线圈构造为给所述衔铁(42)通电并克服所述柱塞弹簧(80)以打开所述流动限制器(50)。
3.根据权利要求2的阀组件，还包括螺线管弹簧(44)，所述螺线管弹簧构造为通过移位所述衔铁(42)而产生足以关闭所述流动限制器(50)的力，并且所述线圈(46)另外构造为克服所述螺线管弹簧(44)。
4.根据权利要求1的阀组件，还包括外壳(22)，所述外壳包括所述第一流体流动路径(38)、所述第二流体流动路径(60)和所述第三流体流动路径(62)，其中所述安全阀(28)、所述螺线管组件(40)和所述流动限制器(50)布置在所述外壳(22)内。
5.根据权利要求1的阀组件，其中，所述第一预定压力值大于所述第二预定压力值。
6.根据权利要求2的阀组件，其中，所述线圈(46)构造为当流体流动速度在所述预定参考值之下时克服所述柱塞弹簧(80)。
7.根据权利要求2的阀组件，其中，所述柱塞弹簧(80)构造为产生当所述第一容器(12)内的压力是正值时足以关闭所述第三流体流动路径(62)但是当所述第一容器(12)内的压力是负值时不足以关闭所述第三流体流动路径(62)的力。
8.根据权利要求1的阀组件，还包括构造为驱促所述流动限制器(50)打开的弹簧(58)，其中所述流动限制器(50)构造为常闭的。
9.根据权利要求4的阀组件，其中，所述安全阀(28)和所述流动限制器(50)中的至少一者包括向内倾斜的压力密封件(54)，所述压力密封件构造为相对于所述外壳(22)密封相应的安全阀(28)和流动限制器(50)。
10.根据权利要求4的阀组件，还包括盖(66)，所述盖构造为将所述安全阀(28)、所述流动限制器(50)和所述螺线管组件(40)保持在所述外壳(22)内。
11.根据权利要求10的阀组件，其中，所述盖(66)通过卡扣配合与所述外壳(22)接合和相互连接。
12.根据权利要求10的阀组件，还包括静止密封件(70)，所述静止密封件构造为相对于所述外壳(22)密封所述盖(66)。
13.根据权利要求12的阀组件，其中，所述静止密封件(70)是O型环式密封件。
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KR20220168376A (ko) 2021-06-16 2022-12-23 현대자동차주식회사 밀폐밸브

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US8573255B2 (en) 2013-11-05
CN105857059A (zh) 2016-08-17
US8944101B2 (en) 2015-02-03
KR101926702B1 (ko) 2018-12-07
US20140041737A1 (en) 2014-02-13
EP2665614B1 (en) 2015-03-18
KR20140007376A (ko) 2014-01-17
CN103402806A (zh) 2013-11-20
CN105857059B (zh) 2020-09-29

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