CN103340179A - Phyllotreta striolata insect pest situation investigation method and special separation device - Google Patents
Phyllotreta striolata insect pest situation investigation method and special separation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103340179A CN103340179A CN2013102577254A CN201310257725A CN103340179A CN 103340179 A CN103340179 A CN 103340179A CN 2013102577254 A CN2013102577254 A CN 2013102577254A CN 201310257725 A CN201310257725 A CN 201310257725A CN 103340179 A CN103340179 A CN 103340179A
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- 241000437063 Phyllotreta striolata Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
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- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
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- 241000382353 Pupa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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Abstract
The invention provides a phyllotreta striolata insect pest situation investigation method. The method includes the following steps that (1) a defined amount of mixed liquor of 10%-20% of a sodium chloride solution and clear water is put in a water basin; (2) a soil sample is put into the mixed liquor and softly stirred, eggs, deadwood and broken leaves float together to form floats, and soil particles settle; (3) the floats on the surface of the mixed liquor are sequentially screened through multiple layers of sieves, each layer of the sieve is washed with flowing tap water and softly stirred with a brush pen in screening, so the eggs, larvae and pupas of phyllotrta striolata are separated from the soil particles and large impurities, and the soil particles are left in the water basin; (4) the larvae, the pupas and the eggs of the second instar and the third instar and the larvae of the first instar of the phyllotrta striolata are respectively picked out with the brush pen and put into culture dishes. The method and the device have the advantages of being easy to operate, feasible, high in accuracy, and capable of providing precise guide for effectively preventing and controlling the phyllotrta striolata, and slowing drug resistance to a certain degree.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to phyllotreta striolata insect survey method and dedicated separation device.
Background technology
Phyllotreta striolata [Phyllotreta striolata (Fabricius)] belongs to the coleoptera Chrysomelidae, is commonly called as dog mite, flea, is called for short flea beetle, is the worldwide insect of brassicaceous vegetable of seriously causing harm.The vegetables such as Cruciferae Chinese cabbage, cabbage, cauliflower and Solanaceae, melon, beans of mainly causing harm.The adult of phyllotreta striolata and larva all can be caused harm, and from the cotyledon periods of vegetables to results latter stages, adult mainly gnaws mesophyll, and after just the seedling cotyledon that is unearthed had been eaten up, whole strain death caused the disconnected ridge that is short of seedling.Become the strain phase, on the blade that becomes insect bite eat many oval small holes are being arranged, with the mesophyll eat everything up, only remaining vein in the time of seriously, can not continued growth after seedling is killed and death.Adult also can bite carpopodium and tender stem broken, the fruit that bites, also can cause harm bud, beanpod.Larva lives in the soil, and stripping food root skin or moth are gone in the root, bite fibrous root broken or form many tunnels, cause dish shoot root portion to be injured, and make plant wilting withered, the death of full wafer vegetables.Piece root, tuberous plant are caused many pitchy pityriasis simplex, have a strong impact on quality and the output of commodity.In addition, the wound that causes of adult and larva also easily causes soft rot.Phyllotreta striolata often is destructive to causing harm of vegetables, and especially in seedling stage, just the seedling cotyledon of Chu Tuing can be put in order strain death after by imago feeding, and causing is short of seedling ruins kind, even needs to replay; Become the strain phase to cause harm vegetables, not only influence output, and the more important thing is and influence the listing of vegetables quality, its commodity value is reduced greatly.
It is different that phyllotreta striolata in China various places algebraically takes place, and at least 2 generations, at most 7～8 generations, all tool generation overlap phenomenon does not have the phenomenon of surviving the winter, and can breed all the year round.1,2 generations of spring (the 4-5 month) and (the 9-11 month) 5,6 in autumn, it was serious to cause harm, high temperature season generation in midsummer negligible amounts on behalf of occurrence in peak period.Phyllotreta striolata tool ovum, larva, pupa, four worm attitudes of adult.1) adult: adult is kind to jump, and also can circle in the air under the high temperature, stronger phototaxis is arranged and become to going up property.Life-span on average can reach 50d, the longlyest reaches 1 year, and the egg-laying period is longer, can continue 30-45 days, and every female worm on average lays eggs about 200.2) ovum: more ovum looses and produces or become rickle to originate in around the plant in about 3 centimetres the moistening soil or on the radicula, the ovum grain is small, be about 0.42mm, wide about 0.27mm, the ovum ellipse, faint yellow during primiparity, ginger color in the time of will hatching, ovum is gone through phase 17-18 ℃ and is 12-14 days, and 21-26 ℃ is 4-5 days, and 27-29 ℃ is 3-3.5 days.3) larva: long 4 millimeters of mature larva body.Larva divided for 3 ages, went through phase 11-16 days.4) pupa: be about 2 millimeters, spindle.Mature larva stops up as soil pupates, milky when just pupating, become in the time of will sprouting wings filbert, 11-13 days pupa time.Ovum, larva and pupa are lived in the soil, and adult lives on the ground.
At present the control measure of phyllotreta striolata are based on chemical agent control adult, because the phyllotreta striolata larva lives in the soil, and have ignored control to underground ovum, larva and pupa.The phyllotreta striolata adult is good at jumping, very easily hide the spraying control of insecticide, and its sheath matter fore wing influences adhering to of medicament and permeates, foliage application can't doublely be controlled ovum, larva and the pupa in the soil in addition, so medicament lasting period one mistake, the underground part larva can pupate and sprout wings again continuously, continues to occur the phenomenon of the unearthed harm of adult blade, cause preventive effect to descend, even the control failure.The peasant strengthens dosage in the production, improve medicine frequency to control causing harm of this worm, thereby cause adult to be in for a long time under the high selection pressure of agricultural chemicals, accelerate the decline of its insecticide sensitivity, caused the consequence that the phyllotreta striolata pesticide resistance strengthens, the chemical agent difficulty of prevention and cure strengthens, generation harm is serious.
The insect survey of phyllotreta striolata can be tried out yellow basin at present and lure the method for surveying adult at present.Yellow basin lures survey: utilize adult to the taxis of yellow, in yellow basin, put a small amount of chlorophos, basin is directly placed ground, lure in the yellow basin of statistics record day by day the one-tenth borer population.This method is true to phyllotreta striolata population quantity forecasting inaccuracy, and the chemical control dosage is not accurate.And this law can not monitor the quantity of phyllotreta striolata ovum, if repeated sampling is observed, then causes the waste of human and material resources, financial resources.Therefore, how to address the above problem, become problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be primarily aimed at phyllotreta striolata at present the difficult point weak point of control provide that operation is simple, the phyllotreta striolata insect survey method that accuracy rate is high, for effective prevention and control of phyllotreta striolata provide accurate guidance, and delayed the technique effect of drug-fast generation to a certain extent.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, investigation method of the present invention is as follows: a kind of phyllotreta striolata insect survey method comprises the steps: an amount of mixed liquor by 10%～20% proportion sodium chloride solution and clear water of dress in (1), the basin; (2), soil sample put into mixed liquor stir gently, the residual leaf of ovum and deadwood together floats and forms floating thing, grogs precipitation in mixed liquor; (3), the floating thing on the mixed liquor is screened through the multilayer screen cloth successively, stir gently with the running water flushing of flowing and writing brush flushing at each layer screen cloth during screening, ovum, larva and the pupa of phyllotreta striolata and grogs are separated with bigger impurity, and grogs stays in basin; (4), corresponding 2,3 instar larvaes, pupa, ovum, 1 instar larvae of isolating phyllotreta striolata on each layer screen cloth chosen respectively with writing brush put into culture dish.
Above-mentioned a kind of phyllotreta striolata insect survey method, the soil sample of step (1) are selected from representative field piece sampling at least 3 points, and 30 square centimeters of every sampling points, dig out the back and remove foreign material in the soil by dark 10 centimetres.
Above-mentioned a kind of phyllotreta striolata insect survey method, the screening of step (3) comprises first screening and secondary separation screening, and Shai Xuan screen cloth comprises by isolating first screen cloth than impurity greatly, isolating second screen cloth of 2,3 instar larvaes, pupa and ovum, 1 instar larvae first; Postsearch screening comprises the 3rd screen cloth of isolating 2,3 instar larvaes, pupa and isolates the 4th screen cloth of ovum, 1 instar larvae.
Above-mentioned a kind of phyllotreta striolata insect survey method, separation process is carried out in conjunction with microscopically.
Above-mentioned a kind of phyllotreta striolata insect survey method, first screen cloth is 4 eye mesh screens, and second screen cloth is 100 eye mesh screens, and second screen cloth is 30 eye mesh screens, and the 4th screen cloth is 100 eye mesh screens.
The separator of a kind of phyllotreta striolata insect survey method special use, wherein: this separator comprises the first mutually stacked cylinder, second cylinder, the 3rd cylinder and the 4th cylinder, be provided with first screen cloth of 4 eye mesh screens in first cylinder, be provided with second screen cloth of 100 eye mesh screens in second cylinder, be provided with the 3rd screen cloth of 40 eye mesh screens in the 3rd cylinder, be provided with the 3rd screen cloth of 100 eye mesh screens in the 4th cylinder.
The separator of above-mentioned phyllotreta striolata insect survey method special use, first cylinder, second cylinder, the 3rd cylinder and the 4th cylinder are respectively glass or plastic cylinder, and each screen cloth is separately fixed at the bottom in the cylinder.
The separator of above-mentioned phyllotreta striolata insect survey method special use, first cylinder, second cylinder, the 3rd cylinder and the 4th cylinder buckle successively are connected.
The separator of above-mentioned phyllotreta striolata insect survey method special use, first screen cloth is 4 eye mesh screens, and second screen cloth is 100 eye mesh screens, and the 3rd screen cloth is 30 eye mesh screens, and the 4th screen cloth is 100 eye mesh screens.
The present invention is owing to adopted above technical scheme, use the mixed liquor of clear water and sodium chloride solution, different with the proportion of sodium chloride solution, water, grogs according to ovum, larva, pupa, and according to its morphological characteristic, select for use the different mesh screen of thickness to separate from soil with ovum, larva, the pupa of double filtration method with phyllotreta striolata respectively, and carry out ovum, larva and pupa classification at microscopically, prevent and treat the optimum period prediction according to the development duration under the temperature at that time then.Add sodium chloride solution (10%-20%) in the clear water of basin and form mixed liquor, soil sample is dropped in the basin stir gently in the mixed liquor.In mixed liquor, the proportion of the proportion＜grogs of the proportion＜sodium chloride solution of ovum together floats the residual leaf of ovum and deadwood, the grogs precipitation.Then floating thing and supernatant are together poured in the separator, with the running water that flows and writing brush flushing, ovum, larva and the pupa of phyllotreta striolata and grogs are separated with bigger impurity.Grogs stays in basin, and big impurity stays on first screen cloth, and the ovum of phyllotreta striolata, larva and pupa are fallen on second screen cloth.Again the thing that stockpiles on second screen cloth is washed with clear water on the 3rd screen cloth of separator, with the running water that flows and writing brush flushing.The ovum of phyllotreta striolata, 1 instar larvae are fallen on the 4th screen cloth of lower floor, and 2,3 instar larvaes, pupa are stayed on the 3rd screen cloth on upper strata.The field recall rate of using this separating method to obtain phyllotreta striolata ovum, larva pupa can reach more than 98%.
The technological merit that the present invention compared with prior art has is: operation is simple, and the accuracy rate height for effective prevention and control of phyllotreta striolata provide accurate guidance, and has delayed the technique effect of drug-fast generation to a certain extent.
Description of drawings
Be described in further detail below in conjunction with the present invention of the embodiment in the accompanying drawing, but do not constitute any limitation of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the specific embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of phyllotreta striolata insect survey method of the present invention comprises the steps: an amount of mixed liquor by 10%～20% proportion sodium chloride solution and clear water of dress in (1), the basin; (2), soil sample put into mixed liquor stir gently, the residual leaf of ovum and deadwood together floats and forms floating thing, grogs precipitation in mixed liquor; (3), the floating thing on the mixed liquor is screened through the multilayer screen cloth successively, stir gently with the running water flushing of flowing and writing brush flushing at each layer screen cloth during screening, ovum, larva and the pupa of phyllotreta striolata and grogs are separated with bigger impurity, and grogs stays in basin; (4), corresponding 2,3 instar larvaes, pupa, ovum, 1 instar larvae of isolating phyllotreta striolata on each layer screen cloth chosen respectively with writing brush put into culture dish.
The soil sample of above-mentioned steps (1) is selected from representative field piece sampling at least 3 points, and 30 square centimeters of every sampling points, dig out the back and remove foreign material in the soil by dark 10 centimetres.
The screening of above-mentioned steps (3) comprises first screening and secondary separation screening, and Shai Xuan screen cloth comprises by isolating first screen cloth than impurity greatly, isolating second screen cloth of 2,3 instar larvaes, pupa and ovum, 1 instar larvae first; Postsearch screening comprises the 3rd screen cloth of isolating 2,3 instar larvaes, pupa and isolates the 4th screen cloth of ovum, 1 instar larvae.
Separation process is carried out in conjunction with microscopically.
First screen cloth is 4 eye mesh screens, and second screen cloth is 100 eye mesh screens, and the 3rd screen cloth is 30 eye mesh screens, and the 4th screen cloth is 100 eye mesh screens.
The present invention adds sodium chloride solution (10%-20%) and forms mixed liquor in the specific implementation in the clear water of basin, soil sample is dropped in the basin stir gently in the mixed liquor.In mixed liquor, the proportion of the proportion＜grogs of the proportion＜sodium chloride solution of ovum together floats the residual leaf of ovum and deadwood, the grogs precipitation.Then floating thing and supernatant are together poured in the separator, with the running water that flows and writing brush flushing, ovum, larva and the pupa of phyllotreta striolata and grogs are separated with bigger impurity.Grogs stays in basin, and big impurity stays on first screen cloth, and the ovum of phyllotreta striolata, larva and pupa are fallen on second screen cloth.Again the thing that stockpiles on second screen cloth is washed with clear water on the 3rd screen cloth of separator, with the running water that flows and writing brush flushing.The ovum of phyllotreta striolata, 1 instar larvae are fallen on the 4th screen cloth of lower floor, and 2,3 instar larvaes, pupa are stayed on the 3rd screen cloth on upper strata.The field recall rate of using this separating method to obtain phyllotreta striolata ovum, larva pupa can reach more than 98%.
The separator of a kind of phyllotreta striolata insect survey method of the present invention special use, this separator comprises the first mutually stacked cylinder 1, second cylinder 2, the 3rd cylinder 3 and the 4th cylinder 4, drum diameter is 18cm, be provided with first screen cloth 11 of 4 eye mesh screens (4.75mm) in first cylinder 1, be provided with second screen cloth 22 of 100 eye mesh screens in second cylinder 2, be provided with the 3rd screen cloth 44 that is provided with 100 eye mesh screens in the 3rd screen cloth 33, the four cylinders 4 of 40 eye mesh screens in the 3rd cylinder 3.
First cylinder 1, second cylinder 2, the 3rd cylinder 3 and the 4th cylinder 4 are respectively glass or plastic cylinder, and each screen cloth is separately fixed at the bottom in the cylinder.
First cylinder, second cylinder, the 3rd cylinder and the 4th cylinder buckle successively are connected.
First screen cloth 11 is 4 eye mesh screens, and second screen cloth 22 is 100 eye mesh screens, and the 3rd screen cloth 33 is 30 eye mesh screens, and the 4th screen cloth 44 is 100 eye mesh screens.
Four diameters are 18cm, the clear glass of high 9cm or plastic cylinder,
A diameter is 18cm,
The mesh screen of high 2cm, two screen cloth (each of wide-meshed screen and fine screen mesh) compositions that the length of side is 20cm.Wide-meshed screen (4 eye mesh screen) is fixed on the glass cylinder, and fine screen mesh (100 eye mesh screen) is layered in the cylinder sieve (being convenient to further separate).
First screen cloth (wide-meshed screen 4 orders, 4.75mm) impurity greater than 4.75mm in the soil can be separated, then fall on second screen cloth (fine screen 0.15mm) less than the material of 4.75mn, the long 1-4mm of larva body wherein, pupa 2mm, ovum 0.42mm, sodium chloride solution flows out by fine screen mesh, and the thing of leaving and taking on the fine screen mesh that stockpiles carries out nearly step separation.
By first screen cloth and the thing that accumulates after second screen cloth separates, wash the 3rd screen cloth (wide-meshed screen 30 orders of separator with the running water that flows, 0.55mm) on, because ovum grain, 1 instar larvae length and width degree are less than diameter (30 orders of the 3rd screen cloth wide-meshed screen, 0.55mm), (100 orders 0.15mm), and fall within on four screen clothes greater than the diameter of the 4th screen cloth fine screen mesh.Pupa and 2,3 instar larvae length and width degree be greater than the diameter of wide-meshed screen, and stay on the 3rd screen cloth.In addition, separation is more thorough, counting is more accurate in order to make, and needs to scrub gently with writing brush is auxiliary when washing with running water.
First screen cloth separates big impurity first with second screen cloth, the 3rd screen cloth and the 4th screen cloth are realized making 2,3 instar larvaes, pupa be separated in the 3rd screen cloth, and ovum, 1 instar larvae are separated on the 4th screen cloth.It is to avoid the ovum grain to flow away with water that second screen cloth and the 4th screen cloth are 100 order fine-structure meshes.
Above-described embodiment only is preferred embodiment of the present invention.For the person of ordinary skill of the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make adjustment and the improvement of some structures, also should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a phyllotreta striolata insect survey method comprises the steps: an amount of mixed liquor by 10%～20% proportion sodium chloride solution and clear water of dress in (1), the basin; (2), soil sample put into mixed liquor stir gently, the residual leaf of ovum and deadwood together floats and forms floating thing, grogs precipitation in mixed liquor; (3), the floating thing on the mixed liquor is screened through the multilayer screen cloth successively, stir gently with the running water flushing of flowing and writing brush flushing at each layer screen cloth during screening, ovum, larva and the pupa of phyllotreta striolata and grogs are separated with bigger impurity, and grogs stays in basin; (4), corresponding 2,3 instar larvaes, pupa, ovum, 1 instar larvae of isolating phyllotreta striolata on each layer screen cloth chosen respectively with writing brush put into culture dish.
2. a kind of phyllotreta striolata insect survey method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the soil sample of above-mentioned steps (1) is selected from representative field piece sampling at least 3 points, and 30 square centimeters of every sampling points, dig out the back and remove foreign material in the soil by dark 10 centimetres.
3. a kind of phyllotreta striolata insect survey method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the screening of above-mentioned steps (3) comprises first screening and secondary separation screening, and Shai Xuan screen cloth comprises by isolating first screen cloth than impurity greatly, isolating second screen cloth of 2,3 instar larvaes, pupa and ovum, 1 instar larvae first; Postsearch screening comprises the 3rd screen cloth of isolating 2,3 instar larvaes, pupa and isolates the 4th screen cloth of ovum, 1 instar larvae.
4. a kind of phyllotreta striolata insect survey method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: separation process is carried out in conjunction with microscopically.
5. a kind of phyllotreta striolata insect survey method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: first screen cloth is 4 eye mesh screens, and second screen cloth is 100 eye mesh screens, and the 3rd screen cloth is 30 eye mesh screens, and the 4th screen cloth is 100 eye mesh screens.
6. the separator of phyllotreta striolata insect survey method special use, it is characterized in that: this separator comprises the first mutually stacked cylinder, second cylinder, the 3rd cylinder and the 4th cylinder, be provided with first screen cloth of 4 eye mesh screens in first cylinder, be provided with second screen cloth of 100 eye mesh screens in second cylinder, be provided with the 3rd screen cloth of 40 eye mesh screens in the 3rd cylinder, be provided with the 3rd screen cloth of 100 eye mesh screens in the 4th cylinder.
7. phyllotreta striolata insect survey method dedicated separation device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: first cylinder, second cylinder, the 3rd cylinder and the 4th cylinder are respectively glass or plastic cylinder, and each screen cloth is separately fixed at the bottom in the cylinder.
8. according to claim 6 or 7 described phyllotreta striolata insect survey method dedicated separation devices, it is characterized in that: first cylinder, second cylinder, the 3rd cylinder and the 4th cylinder buckle successively are connected.
9. phyllotreta striolata insect survey method dedicated separation device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: first screen cloth is 4 eye mesh screens, and second screen cloth is 100 eye mesh screens, and the 3rd screen cloth is 30 eye mesh screens, and the 4th screen cloth is 100 eye mesh screens.
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| CN103704177A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-04-09 | 广州沃巴克生物科技有限公司 | Female and male mosquito pupa separating device |
| CN107873646A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-04-06 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Different grade red fire ant method of counting and application |
| CN108719165A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-11-02 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | The apparatus and method of gear selectivity experiment sampling |
| CN109819942A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-31 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A kind of isolation method of pine needle sheath gall mosquito overwintering larvae and its application |
| CN110560249A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-12-13 | 广东省生物资源应用研究所 | Method for quickly separating mosquito pupae |
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| CN103704177A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-04-09 | 广州沃巴克生物科技有限公司 | Female and male mosquito pupa separating device |
| CN103704177B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-07-22 | 广州沃巴克生物科技有限公司 | Female and male mosquito pupa separating device |
| CN107873646A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-04-06 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Different grade red fire ant method of counting and application |
| CN107873646B (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2021-06-08 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Counting methods and applications of different grades of RIFA |
| CN108719165A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-11-02 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | The apparatus and method of gear selectivity experiment sampling |
| CN108719165B (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2020-04-03 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | Fishing gear selective experiment sampling device and method |
| CN109819942A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-31 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A kind of isolation method of pine needle sheath gall mosquito overwintering larvae and its application |
| CN109819942B (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2021-08-03 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A kind of isolation method of pine needle sheath gall mosquito overwintering larvae and its application |
| CN110560249A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-12-13 | 广东省生物资源应用研究所 | Method for quickly separating mosquito pupae |
| CN113728981A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-03 | 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method for researching selective influence of volatile matter on oviposition behavior of spodoptera frugiperda |
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