CN103331671A - Point-line envelope grinding method applied to medium/large-aperture aspheric optical element - Google Patents
Point-line envelope grinding method applied to medium/large-aperture aspheric optical element Download PDFInfo
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- CN103331671A CN103331671A CN2013103143233A CN201310314323A CN103331671A CN 103331671 A CN103331671 A CN 103331671A CN 2013103143233 A CN2013103143233 A CN 2013103143233A CN 201310314323 A CN201310314323 A CN 201310314323A CN 103331671 A CN103331671 A CN 103331671A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a point-line envelope grinding machining method applied to a medium/large-aperture aspheric optical element. Discrete points are separated from a mathematical equation of the optical element to form point coordinates on a horizontal plane, and are converged into an aspheric meridian cutting line on the horizontal plane, the aspheric meridian cutting line rotates around the axis of the optical element to form an aspheric surface, and the discrete points are grinding points on a precision grinding machine. The precision grinding machine consists of a machine body, an X guide rail, a Y guide rail, a workpiece spindle, a workpiece chuck, a turntable shaft, a grinding wheel shaft and a grinding wheel. When the aspheric surface is ground, the positions of the grinding points are controlled by linking an X axis, a Y axis and the turntable shaft, the optical element is ground in the direction of the Y axis along a grinding trajectory from the edge to the center of the optical element, and the grinding machining surface of the grinding wheel is tangent to the curved surface to be machined of the optical element all the time, so that the point-line envelope grinding of the axisymmetric aspheric surface of the medium/large-aperture aspheric optical element is realized. According to the method, high surface precision and high periphery consistency are ensured, the machining efficiency is ensured, and the machining efficiency can be remarkably improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dotted line envelope grinding processing method of middle aperture aspherical optical elements, optical elements of large caliber axisymmetric aspheric surface accurate grinding processing in being specially adapted to.
Background technology
Main die forming and the numerical-control milling and grinding technology of adopting of aspherical optical element accurate grinding processing.The advantage of die forming is can the mass production aspherical mirror, shortcoming is that the mould manufacture difficulty is big, to process the optical element precision low, because middle optical elements of large caliber technological parameter complexity, the precision prescribed height, add the temperature in man-hour, environment, pressure etc. change the surface figure accuracy influence big, so that bigbore mold pressing in can't carrying out, so moulding technology is applicable to super large small-bore low precision optical element in batches.Numerical-control milling and grinding is by the numerical-control milling and grinding lathe optical element to be carried out point-to-point aspheric surface milling processing, can process high-precision optical element, and shortcoming is that working (machining) efficiency is relatively low, and wheel grinding is fast, inapplicable middle aperture aspherical optical elements processing.At present, the processing method of middle aperture aspherical optical elements mainly adopts and grinds and polishing processing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the dotted line envelope grinding processing method of aperture aspherical optical elements in a kind of being applied to, optical elements of large caliber high accuracy axisymmetric aspheric surface face shape processing during this method can satisfy, face shape is high conformity along the circumferential direction, consistent with Mathematical Modeling along the Y-axis generatrix direction, whole surface figure accuracy height, the grinding surface quality is good, on the basis of optical elements of large caliber, obviously improves grinding efficient in the assurance grinding is high-precision.
The technical solution that realizes the object of the invention is:
Dotted line envelope grinding face forms the shape principle: by the Mathematical Modeling y of optical element
2=a
1X+a
2x
2+ a
3x
3+ a
4x
4+ ... carry out discrete point and separate, with point be separated on the horizontal plane (x, y) point coordinates according to the required precision of machined surface shape, are determined the step delta x of X-direction, and (burble point quantity is more many for x, quantity y), then gets over approaching face shape to calculate burble point.(x
1, y
1) ..., (x
n, y
n) form an aspheric surface bus at horizontal plane.Bus becomes aspheric surface around optical element axis rotation, and (x y) is grinding points on the grinding machine, and the Position Control of grinding points is linked and formed by X-axis, Y-axis, turntable shaft.
Realize of the present invention in three dedicated numerical control precision grinders of dotted line envelope method for grinding of aperture aspherical optical elements by lathe bed, the X guide rail, the Y guide rail, work spindle, the workpiece chuck, turntable shaft, grinding wheel spindle and emery wheel are formed, the work spindle axis of precision grinder and grinding wheel spindle axis are on same horizontal plane, the work spindle parts are fixed on the X guide rail saddle, the workpiece chuck is fixed on the work spindle, rotate with main shaft, turntable shaft is fixed on the Y guide rail saddle, grinding wheel spindle is fixed on the turntable shaft, emery wheel is installed on the grinding wheel spindle, with the grinding wheel spindle high-speed rotation; The optical element clamping is followed work spindle at the workpiece chuck and is at the uniform velocity rotated, grinding wheel spindle drives emery wheel and rotates at a high speed, interlock by X guide rail, Y guide rail and turntable shaft, make the emery wheel side bus on grinding points all the time with processed optical element contact of a curve, on Y direction by the optical element edge to the center grinding, realize the grinding of heavy caliber axisymmetric aspheric surface optical element in the grinding of dotted line envelope.
It is characterized in that: by the mathematical equation of aspherics, set up Mathematical Modeling y
2=a
1X+a
2x
2+ a
3x
3+ a
4x
4+ ... Mathematical Modeling is separated into (according to the required precision of machined surface shape, the quantity of its point is determined by the step delta x on its x axis, forms minimum step delta y, determines to isolate (x, quantity y) for x, the y) point on the plane; Be further characterized in that: the position (x of grinding points, y) control is formed by X-axis, Y-axis, turntable shaft interlock, the grinding track on Y direction by the optical element edge to the center grinding, make the emery wheel side bus on grinding points all the time with processed optical element contact of a curve; Be further characterized in that: grinding wheel spindle axis and work spindle axis are on same horizontal plane; Be further characterized in that: the optical element clamping is on the workpiece chuck, and optical element aspheric surface axis and work spindle axis coaxle at the uniform velocity rotate with work spindle, and emery wheel rotates at a high speed with grinding wheel spindle.
Beneficial effect
The present invention compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is: in grinding during the optical elements of large caliber axisymmetric aspheric surface, the surface figure accuracy height, face shape circumference high conformity on the basis that guarantees machining accuracy, significantly improves working (machining) efficiency.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Fig. 1 is precision grinder processing structure front view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is precision grinder processing structure vertical view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is middle optical elements of large caliber axisymmetric aspheric surface dotted line envelope method grinding schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, dotted line envelope grinding processing method for optical elements of large caliber provided by the invention, method shown in grinding machine realize, lathe comprises lathe bed (1), X track segment (2), work spindle parts (3), workpiece chuck (4), emery wheel (6), grinding wheel spindle parts (7), turntable shaft parts (8) and Y track segment (9), grinding optical element (5).
The grinding machine critical piece is arranged: X track segment (2) is arranged vertically on lathe bed (1) with Y track segment (9), and work spindle parts (3) are fixed on the X track segment (2), move along X-axis line direction; Workpiece chuck (4) is fixed on the work spindle parts (3), drives it around axis A rotation by work spindle parts (3), and work spindle parts (3) axis A is parallel with X track segment (2) axis, and is vertical with workpiece chuck (4) surface; Turntable shaft parts (8) are fixed on the Y track segment (9), grinding wheel spindle parts (7) are fixed on the turntable shaft parts (8), move along Y-axis line direction, and be rotated around axis B with turntable shaft parts (8), grinding wheel spindle parts (7) axis C and work spindle parts (3) axis are in same horizontal plane, grinding wheel spindle parts (7) axis C and turntable shaft parts (8) axis B are in same vertical plane, emery wheel (6) is installed on the grinding wheel spindle parts (7), rotated around axis C by grinding wheel spindle parts (7) drive, the grinding face of emery wheel (6) is parallel with the axis C of grinding wheel spindle parts (7), and the grinding bus of emery wheel (6) and turntable shaft parts (8) axis are in same vertical plane.
With reference to Fig. 2, provided by the invention for dotted line envelope method grinding schematic diagram shown in the dotted line enveloping method Grinding Technology of optical elements of large caliber, during grinding, optical element (5) clamping is on workpiece chuck (4), make optical element (5) around at the uniform velocity circumference rotation of axis A by numerical control NC program, emery wheel (6) rotates at a high speed around axis C, X track segment (2), the three-shaft linkage of Y track segment (9) and turntable shaft parts (8), make the grinding face of emery wheel (6) and the curved surface to be processed of optical element (5) be in tangent state all the time, the edge of the grinding track of emery wheel (6) along Y-axis line direction from optical element (5) is to the grinding of aspheric surface axis, (x
i, y
i) be any point of contact in the grinding process, (x
n, y
n) be optical element (5) aspheric surface axis point of contact, point of contact (x
1, y
1) ... (x
i, y
i) ... (x
n, y
n) converge into aspheric surface meridian transversal, around axis A rotation, form circumference (R through optical element (5)
i), R
1R
iR
nAccumulate axisymmetric aspheric surface face shape, realize optical elements of large caliber (5) axisymmetric aspheric surface face shape in the grinding of dotted line envelope.
Claims (1)
- One kind be applied in the dotted line envelope method for grinding of aperture aspherical optical elements, this method for grinding adopts three dedicated numerical control grinding machines, lathe comprises lathe bed, X guide rail, work spindle, workpiece chuck, emery wheel, grinding wheel spindle, turntable shaft, Y guide rail; It is characterized in that:By the mathematical equation of aspherical optical element, set up Mathematical Modeling y 2=a 1X+a 2x 2+ a 3x 3+ a 4x 4+ ... Mathematical Modeling is separated into (according to the required precision of machined surface shape, the quantity of its point is determined by the step delta x on its x axis, forms minimum step delta y, determines to isolate (x, quantity y) for x, the y) point on the plane; Be further characterized in that:The position of grinding points (x, y) control is formed by X-axis, Y-axis, turntable shaft interlock, the grinding track on Y direction by the optical element edge to the center grinding, make the emery wheel side bus on grinding points all the time with processed optical element contact of a curve; Be further characterized in that:Grinding wheel spindle axis and work spindle axis are on same horizontal plane; Be further characterized in that:The optical element clamping is on the workpiece chuck, and optical element aspheric surface axis and work spindle axis coaxle at the uniform velocity rotate with work spindle, and emery wheel rotates at a high speed with grinding wheel spindle.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013103143233A CN103331671A (en) | 2013-07-25 | 2013-07-25 | Point-line envelope grinding method applied to medium/large-aperture aspheric optical element |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013103143233A CN103331671A (en) | 2013-07-25 | 2013-07-25 | Point-line envelope grinding method applied to medium/large-aperture aspheric optical element |
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|---|---|
| CN103331671A true CN103331671A (en) | 2013-10-02 |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104493662A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-08 | 吉林大学 | Machining device for curvature radius-adjustable aspheric concave lens |
| CN105643394A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-06-08 | 长春设备工艺研究所 | High-efficiency and high-precision advanced manufacturing technology process for medium or large caliber aspherical optical element |
| CN109623522A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-16 | 沈阳仪表科学研究院有限公司 | The precise processing device and its processing method of high-order curved surface |
| CN111376142A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-07-07 | 苏州大学 | A method and device for numerical control milling, grinding, forming and polishing of a large-diameter aspherical mirror |
| CN113263392A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-17 | 厦门大学 | Large-caliber deep rise aspheric optical element milling and grinding equipment |
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| JPH06328358A (en) * | 1993-05-21 | 1994-11-29 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Grinding method and its device |
| JP2001198784A (en) * | 2000-01-18 | 2001-07-24 | Canon Inc | Method of grinding and polishing optical element |
| CN101125411A (en) * | 2007-07-30 | 2008-02-20 | 厦门大学 | Parallel Grinding Method for Non-axisymmetric Aspheric Optical Components |
| CN101376229A (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2009-03-04 | 长春理工大学 | Processing method and device for forming aspheric surface part by numerical control tangent line turning method |
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2013
- 2013-07-25 CN CN2013103143233A patent/CN103331671A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
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| JPH06328358A (en) * | 1993-05-21 | 1994-11-29 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Grinding method and its device |
| JP2001198784A (en) * | 2000-01-18 | 2001-07-24 | Canon Inc | Method of grinding and polishing optical element |
| CN101125411A (en) * | 2007-07-30 | 2008-02-20 | 厦门大学 | Parallel Grinding Method for Non-axisymmetric Aspheric Optical Components |
| CN101376229A (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2009-03-04 | 长春理工大学 | Processing method and device for forming aspheric surface part by numerical control tangent line turning method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 韩成顺等: "大型光学非球面超精密磨削关键技术的研究", 《哈尔滨工业大学学报》, vol. 35, no. 8, 31 August 2003 (2003-08-31) * |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104493662A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-08 | 吉林大学 | Machining device for curvature radius-adjustable aspheric concave lens |
| CN105643394A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-06-08 | 长春设备工艺研究所 | High-efficiency and high-precision advanced manufacturing technology process for medium or large caliber aspherical optical element |
| CN105643394B (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2018-12-11 | 长春设备工艺研究所 | A kind of medium/large-aperturaspheric aspheric optical element high-efficiency high-accuracy advanced manufacturing technology process flow |
| CN109623522A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-16 | 沈阳仪表科学研究院有限公司 | The precise processing device and its processing method of high-order curved surface |
| CN109623522B (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2021-05-25 | 沈阳仪表科学研究院有限公司 | High-order curved surface precision machining device and machining method thereof |
| CN111376142A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-07-07 | 苏州大学 | A method and device for numerical control milling, grinding, forming and polishing of a large-diameter aspherical mirror |
| CN113579917A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-11-02 | 苏州大学 | Numerical control milling and grinding forming method for off-axis aspherical mirror |
| CN113579917B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2022-05-03 | 苏州大学 | An off-axis aspheric mirror CNC milling and grinding forming method |
| CN113263392A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-17 | 厦门大学 | Large-caliber deep rise aspheric optical element milling and grinding equipment |
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Application publication date: 20131002 |