The stagewise potato combine harvester
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of equipment technical field that can once finish potato class combining, relate to specifically a kind of stagewise potato combine harvester.
Background technology
At present, potato harvest machine has two kinds substantially both at home and abroad: a kind of is middle-size and small-size potato digger, function singleness, potato can only be excavated, separation, strip put and be laid on ground, then by manually picking up, carry out in case of necessity manual classification, work consuming is time-consuming, production efficiency is low, and labour intensity is still larger.A kind of is big-and-middle-sized potato combine, have again from storing type and side arm output type, use more general with the side arm output type, it is bulky, and supporting power is large, must follow the transport vehicle that connects material during work, and the edge of a field, rand operational difficulty, be applicable to the operation of large plot, be applicable at present medium plot and can realize simultaneously that the potato combine of classification has patent report, but do not drop into batch production.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome weak point of the prior art, a kind of novel stagewise potato combine harvester is provided, can once finish the operations such as tomato digging, the separation of native potato, stem stalk, weeds and mulch film separate, the potato piece is carried elevator, potato block-grading, collection pack, thereby efficiently solve problems of the prior art.
Purpose of the present invention can be by realizing by the following technical solutions: described a kind of novel stagewise potato combine harvester, include frame (29), be characterized in also including described frame (29) and be provided with one-level soil potato separate transfer (6), stem stalk separator, secondary soil potato separate transfer (10) and roll shaft chain type classification device, the bottom of frame (29) is provided with land wheel (30), the front end of frame (29) is provided with universal draw-gear (1), digger blade frame (5) is hinged by each two pull bar (2) of both sides and frame (29), profiling pack roller (28), ground-working disk blade (3), digger blade (4) is installed on the digger blade frame (5), and the piston rod of the lift cylinder (26) on digger blade frame (5) top and the frame (29) links to each other.The rear end of secondary soil potato separate transfer (10) is provided with potato piece perpendicular lifting apparatus, and potato piece perpendicular lifting apparatus is comprised of driving wheel (15), driven pulley (11), directive wheel (14), haulage chain (band) (12), scraper plate (13), grizzly bar and guard shield (16).
Also be provided with basic transmission (31) on the described frame (29), basic transmission (31) power input shaft links to each other with power transmission shaft (27), and power transmission shaft (27) links to each other with tractor motive power output shaft by its front end telescopic type universal drive shaft.
Described one-level soil potato separate transfer (6) and secondary soil potato separate transfer (10) are the conveyer belt rod-type.The corresponding secondary soil potato separate transfer in the rear end of one-level soil potato separate transfer (6) (10) locates to be provided with stem stalk separator, and stem stalk separator is combed bar (9), plucked potato roller (8) and seedling guilding board (7) forms by elasticity.
Described roll shaft chain type classification device is comprised of drive sprocket (23), driven sprocket (17), classification carrier bar (18), short roller axle (19), long roll shaft (20), guide rail (21).Be provided with potato piece cross conveyor in the middle of roll shaft chain type classification device, potato piece cross conveyor is comprised of lateral transfer speed changer (24), lateral transfer chain grid bars (or belt) (22) and driven wheel.The output of corresponding cross conveyor is provided with the sack-filling device that connects material (32).
Described profiling pack roller (28) is saddle-shaped pair of roller for the cylindrical single roller of roll surface or roll surface, profiling pack roller (28) is connected in by U bolt on the front beam of digger blade frame (5), and digger blade frame (5) is provided with for regulating the adjusting rod of profiling pack roller (28) height with the control excavating depth.Described digger blade (4) is split type three rank plane combination structures.
Described stagewise potato combine harvester, its beneficial effect comprise, it is by the configuration profiling pack roller different with replacing, to adapt to the requirement of flat planting cropping pattern harvest operations different from bed planting; By optimizing digger blade shape and parameter designing, strengthen the hack ability; Improve design stem stalk separator, strengthen stem stalk separating effect, avoid stem stalk and mulch film to block up and wrapping phenomena; Scraper plate grizzly bar chain type (or belt scraper formula) the potato piece perpendicular lifting apparatus of innovative design, fed distance is short, and the collision of potato piece and motion are lacked in the course of conveying, have effectively reduced the mechanical damage of potato piece; The roll shaft chain type classification device of design, the footpath, automatic school of realizing the potato piece, little to the damage of potato piece, can regulate as requested classification levels; Set up grizzly bar chain type (or belt-type) cross conveyor, make the pack of potato block-grading more smooth, reduced simultaneously the height of reaping machine; The tractor-drawn operation, realize the adjusting of profiling pack roller height and digger blade embedded depth by the tractor hydraulic output device, and maintenance reaping machine vertical equity state and digger blade penetrating angle are constant, satisfy Different Ways of Planting potato harvest and the smoothly requirement of classification.
Described stagewise potato combine harvester, this machine can once be finished the operations such as tuber crops excavation, the separation of native potato, stem stalk, weeds and mulch film separate, the potato piece is carried elevator, potato block-grading, collection pack, greatly improve operating efficiency and the labor productivity of potato harvest, alleviate people's labour intensity, solve the outstanding problem that exists in the production of potato class.This machine can be easily and 45~58.8Kw tractor, adapts to the operation of medium plot, more meets China's actual conditions.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is principle master's TV structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the plan structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the left TV structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1 of the present invention.
Embodiment:
Be described in further detail below in conjunction with the most preferred embodiment shown in the accompanying drawing:
See Fig. 1,2,3, described stagewise potato combine harvester, the front end of frame 29 is provided with universal draw-gear 1, and complete machine is connected with two lower links of tractor hydraulic suspension arrangement by universal draw-gear 1, can borrow the tractor hydraulic suspension arrangement to regulate the vertical equity state of reaping machine; Lift cylinder 26 is equipped with on frame 29 tops, the piston rod of lift cylinder 26 is hinged with the top that is hinged at the digger blade frame 5 on the frame 29, the lifting of pick shovel frame 5 when handling reaping machine in working order with off working state, profiling pack roller 28, ground-working disk blade 3, digger blade 4 are installed on the digger blade frame 5, profiling pack roller 28 is connected on the front beam of digger blade frame 5 by U bolt, profiling pack roller 28 is provided with two kinds of the cylindrical long roller of roll surface and saddle-shaped bats, can change the outfit according to flat planting and ridge planting implant model; Digger blade 4 is split type three rank plane combination structures; Digger blade frame 5 is provided with for regulating the adjusting rod of profiling pack roller 28 height with the control excavating depth; Digger blade frame 5 is hinged by each two pull bar 2 of both sides and frame 29, makes digger blade frame column and frame connect and compose parallelogram lindage, and the best penetrating angle of digger blade is constant when guaranteeing different excavating depth.
The bottom of described frame 29 is provided with land wheel 30, frame 29 is provided with one-level soil potato separate transfer 6, stem stalk separator, secondary soil potato separate transfer and roll shaft chain type classification device, and one-level soil potato separate transfer 6 and secondary soil potato separate transfer are the conveyer belt rod-type.The stem stalk separator of comprise elasticity comb bar 9, plucking potato roller 8 and seedling guilding board 7 is located between one-level soil potato separate transfer 6 and the native potato separate transfer 10 of secondary, elasticity comb bar 9 adopts helical spring to reverse and exerts pressure, and its elasticity size is rotation shaft regulated by rotating the comb bar.Described roll shaft chain type classification device comprises drive sprocket 23, driven sprocket 17, classification carrier bar 18, short roller axle 19, long roll shaft 20, guide rail 21, short roller axle 19, long roll shaft 20 surfaces are rubber, two ends are fixed with roller, roll at separately guide rail respectively, thereby make roll shaft in mass motion, each autorotation makes the potato piece realize the school radial sector.Potato block-grading rank is divided large, medium and small three grades, and lumpiness can be regulated by the vertical height of regulating guide rail 21 as requested easily.In the middle of roll shaft chain type classification device, be provided with the potato piece cross conveyor that comprises lateral transfer speed changer 24, lateral transfer chain grid bar (or belt) 22 and driven wheel, the output of corresponding cross conveyor is provided with the sack-filling device 32 that connects material, grading plant
The rear end also is provided with yampi piece connect material screen 25 and the sack-filling device 32 that connects material.
The rear end of described secondary soil potato separate transfer 10 is provided with the potato piece perpendicular lifting apparatus that is comprised of driving wheel 15, driven pulley 11, directive wheel 14, haulage chain (band) 12, scraper plate 13, grizzly bar and guard shield 16.Also be provided with basic transmission 31 on the described frame 29, basic transmission 31 power input shafts link to each other with power transmission shaft 27, and power transmission shaft 27 links to each other with tractor motive power output shaft by its front end telescopic type universal drive shaft.Basic transmission 31 output minute two-way: the chain transmission of leading up to reaches one-level soil potato separate transfer 6, and then reaching secondary soil potato separate transfer 10, secondary soil potato separator live axle reaches potato piece perpendicular lifting apparatus driving wheel 15 by chain transmission and jackshaft with power; Another road reaches roll shaft chain type classification drive sprocket 23 by the chain transmission, roll shaft chain type classification device drive sprocket axle reaches lateral transfer speed changer 24 power shafts by the chain transmission with power, lateral transfer speed changer 24 output shafts reach potato piece cross conveyor driving shaft by the chain transmission with power, and potato piece cross conveyor is chain grid rod-type or belt-type.
Described stagewise potato combine harvester, the supporting mode of complete machine and tractor is semimounted, power is all provided by tractor, walking and excavation rely on tractor-drawn, the soil potato separates the motion-promotion forces such as conveying, the separation of stem stalk, potato piece elevator and classification to be provided by tractor motive power output shaft, and the lifting of digger blade frame 5 and dress profiling pack roller 28, digger blade 4, ground-working disk blade 3 and one-level soil potato separate transfer 6 is thereon exported by tractor hydraulic and lift cylinder 26 manipulations by the driver.During work, the walking of tractor-drawn complete machine, profiling pack roller 28 crushing earth's surface soil blocks also carry out the ground profiling, ground-working disk blade 3 rolls and cuts soil, prevent hilling and twine grass, potato piece between digger blade 4 turn ups two ground-working disk blades 3, upturned soil, cane and weeds (mulch film) etc., the soil of caking is through the shake of one-level soil potato separate transfer 6, loose, broken, make less than soil and field trash with the bar gap and sift, the stem stalk, potato piece and greater than the soil block of bar strip spacing, mulch film and field trash are transported to elasticity comb bar and pluck roll-type stem stalk separator, the stem stalk, weeds, mulch film is stopped by elasticity comb bar 9 and glides along the comb bar, separates conveyer belt at one-level soil potato, pluck under the effect of potato roller 8 and seedling guilding board 7 and thrown on the ground.Caking soil separates conveyer belt by one-level soil potato and falls into secondary soil potato and separate behind the conveyer belt further broken, shake screening through secondary soil potato separate transfer is sieved lower fully, the potato piece is then separated tape transport to potato piece perpendicular lifting apparatus by secondary soil potato, at scraper plate 13, haulage chain (band) 12, under the effect of directive wheel 14 by vertical-lift during to grading plant top, the potato piece is dumped into forward on the roll shaft chain type classification device, in the process with the roll shaft lengthwise movement, on the potato piece cross conveyor of lumpiness size below the roll shaft gap falls into, be transported to the sack-filling device 32 that connects material, finish the classification pack, partial block is spent large potato piece and is fallen into through roll shaft chain type classification device end and tilt to connect material screen 25, finally is directed falling into the sack-filling device 32 corresponding bags that connect material.Whole potato piece perpendicular lifting apparatus, grading plant two sides and all driving-chains, wheel all are equipped with shield plate.