CN103214851B - A kind of liquid silastic base conductance non-linear dielectric materials - Google Patents
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- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 229920000260 silastic Polymers 0.000 title abstract 4
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000012767 functional filler Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000005543 nano-size silicon particle Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc oxide Inorganic materials [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002079 double walled nanotube Substances 0.000 claims 2
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
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- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种橡胶基非线性电介质材料。The invention relates to a rubber-based nonlinear dielectric material.
背景技术Background technique
硅橡胶具有电绝缘性能好，耐高低温，耐臭氧老化、氧老化、光老化、气候老化，憎水性好，耐燃烧等优点，因而在电气绝缘领域得到广泛应用。将聚合物，如聚烯烃、橡胶、环氧树脂等与某些功能无机填料复合，可制得非线性绝缘材料，由于非线性绝缘材料的电导率或（和）介电常数能随外施电场强度的增大而提高，电导或（和）介电常数呈非线性，因而其在非均匀电场中具有自行均化电场分布的能力，能有效抑制空间电荷的产生及电树枝的形成与生长，显著提高绝缘性能。Silicone rubber has the advantages of good electrical insulation performance, high and low temperature resistance, ozone aging resistance, oxygen aging, light aging, weather aging, good hydrophobicity, and combustion resistance, so it is widely used in the field of electrical insulation. Combining polymers, such as polyolefin, rubber, epoxy resin, etc., with some functional inorganic fillers can produce nonlinear insulating materials, because the electrical conductivity or (and) dielectric constant of nonlinear insulating materials can vary with the applied electric field As the strength increases, the conductance or (and) dielectric constant is nonlinear, so it has the ability to self-homogenize the electric field distribution in a non-uniform electric field, which can effectively inhibit the generation of space charges and the formation and growth of electric dendrites. Significantly improves insulation performance.
现有的聚烯烃基非线性复合材料是由聚烯烃树脂与一种或多种填料共混制得，具有非线性电导或（和）非线性介电常数。受基体树脂聚烯烃自身性能的影响，聚烯烃基非线性复合材料的应用领域受到限制，无法应用到某些需使用橡胶制品的场合。The existing polyolefin-based nonlinear composite material is prepared by blending polyolefin resin and one or more fillers, and has nonlinear electrical conductance or (and) nonlinear dielectric constant. Affected by the properties of the matrix resin polyolefin itself, the application fields of polyolefin-based nonlinear composite materials are limited, and cannot be applied to some occasions that require rubber products.
在2009年《功能材料》第10期第40卷《电场处理对碳化硅/聚合物复合材料电导特性的影响》和博士后研究工作报告《聚合物基非线性复合材料制备过程中施加电、磁场对其性能及微观结构的影响》中公开了碳化硅/硅橡胶复合材料具有电导非线性特性，其文中应用的碳化硅分别为平均粒径7μm～10μm和20μm～30μm的微米碳化硅和纳米碳化硅。文中碳化硅的最小添加量为11.1Vol%，计算时碳化硅和液体硅橡胶的比重分别确定为3.2g/cm3和1.0g/cm3，也即实际配方是在100份液体硅橡胶中至少添加40份的微米或纳米碳化硅。公开的文献只是从理论研究的角度指出所研究的碳化硅/硅橡胶具有电导非线性特性，没有介绍该材料的其它性能，但因碳化硅的添加量很大，导致碳化硅/硅橡胶复合材料出现以下问题：（1）复合材料击穿强度低，直流击穿强度不超过10kV/mm，不能应用于高电压绝缘；（2）复合材料的机械性能不好，拉伸断裂强度小于2.5MPa，断裂伸长率小于40%；（3）复合材料粘度大，搅拌混合困难，不易排除气泡。同时虽然文献中也介绍了添加炭黑能提高微米碳化硅/硅橡胶复合材料的电导非线性特性，但所提及的材料中碳化硅和炭黑添加量最少的材料为：碳化硅的添加量15.8Vol%，炭黑的添加量1.3Vol%，也即该材料的配方为98.5份硅橡胶、60份微米碳化硅、3份炭黑，炭黑比重设为2.0g/cm3。由于添加的碳化硅更多，且又添加了炭黑，得到的碳化硅/硅橡胶复合材料的直流击穿强度也不超过10kV/mm；机械性能更加不好，拉伸断裂强度和断裂伸长率分别为1.5MPa和20%，同时又因复合材料的粘度大，加大了搅拌混合和排气的难度。In 2009, "Functional Materials" No. 10, Volume 40 "Effect of Electric Field Treatment on Conductivity Properties of Silicon Carbide/Polymer Composite Materials" and postdoctoral research work report "Applying electric and magnetic fields during the preparation of polymer-based nonlinear composite materials Influence of its performance and microstructure" discloses that silicon carbide/silicone rubber composite materials have conductance nonlinear characteristics, and the silicon carbide used in this paper is micro-silicon carbide and nano-silicon carbide with an average particle size of 7 μm to 10 μm and 20 μm to 30 μm, respectively. . The minimum amount of silicon carbide added in this paper is 11.1Vol%, and the specific gravity of silicon carbide and liquid silicone rubber is determined to be 3.2g/cm 3 and 1.0g/cm 3 respectively during calculation, that is, the actual formula is at least 100 parts of liquid silicone rubber. Add 40 parts of micro or nano silicon carbide. The published literature only pointed out that the studied silicon carbide/silicone rubber has conductance nonlinear characteristics from the perspective of theoretical research, and did not introduce other properties of the material. However, due to the large amount of silicon carbide added, the silicon carbide/silicone rubber composite material The following problems arise: (1) The breakdown strength of the composite material is low, and the DC breakdown strength does not exceed 10kV/mm, which cannot be applied to high-voltage insulation; (2) The mechanical properties of the composite material are not good, and the tensile fracture strength is less than 2.5MPa. The elongation at break is less than 40%; (3) The composite material has high viscosity, it is difficult to stir and mix, and it is not easy to remove air bubbles. At the same time, although it is also introduced in the literature that the addition of carbon black can improve the conductance nonlinear characteristics of micron silicon carbide/silicone rubber composites, the material with the least addition of silicon carbide and carbon black among the materials mentioned is: the addition of silicon carbide 15.8Vol%, the amount of carbon black added is 1.3Vol%, that is, the formula of the material is 98.5 parts of silicone rubber, 60 parts of micron silicon carbide, 3 parts of carbon black, and the specific gravity of carbon black is set to 2.0g/cm 3 . Due to the addition of more silicon carbide and the addition of carbon black, the DC breakdown strength of the obtained silicon carbide/silicone rubber composite material does not exceed 10kV/mm; the mechanical properties are even worse, and the tensile strength at break and elongation at break The rates are 1.5MPa and 20%, respectively, and at the same time, due to the high viscosity of the composite material, it is more difficult to stir, mix and exhaust.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明目的是为了解决现有硅橡胶基电导非线性复合材料的击穿强度低、物理―机械性能差的问题，而提供一种液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料。The object of the invention is to provide a liquid silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear insulating material in order to solve the problems of low breakdown strength and poor physical-mechanical properties of the existing silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear composite material.
本发明液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料按重量份数由100份液体硅橡胶和10～20份非线性功能填料制成，非线性功能填料由纳米氧化锌、纳米二氧化钛、纳米碳化硅、碳纳米管、导电炭黑和纳米石墨组成；The liquid silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear insulating material of the present invention is made of 100 parts of liquid silicone rubber and 10 to 20 parts of nonlinear functional fillers in parts by weight, and the nonlinear functional fillers are composed of nano-zinc oxide, nano-titanium dioxide, nano-silicon carbide, carbon Composition of nanotubes, conductive carbon black and nanographite;
其中液体硅橡胶为聚合度100～2000的双组分液体硅橡胶，纳米氧化锌的粒径为10nm～100nm，纳米二氧化钛的粒径为10nm～100nm，纳米碳化硅的粒径为10nm～100nm，碳纳米管为直径5nm～80nm、管长1μm～15μm的单臂碳纳米管、双臂碳纳米管或多壁碳纳米管，导电炭黑的粒径为10nm～100nm，纳米石墨的片厚为10nm～100nm、片径为1μm～2μm。The liquid silicone rubber is a two-component liquid silicone rubber with a polymerization degree of 100-2000, the particle size of nano-zinc oxide is 10nm-100nm, the particle size of nano-titanium dioxide is 10nm-100nm, and the particle size of nano-silicon carbide is 10nm-100nm. Carbon nanotubes are single-arm carbon nanotubes, double-arm carbon nanotubes or multi-wall carbon nanotubes with a diameter of 5nm to 80nm and a tube length of 1μm to 15μm. The particle size of conductive carbon black is 10nm to 100nm, and the sheet thickness of nano graphite is 10nm～100nm, sheet diameter 1μm～2μm.
采用真空搅拌机将液体硅橡胶与各种填料在50℃以下混合均匀并排除气泡，成型后经硫化得到液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料。Use a vacuum mixer to mix liquid silicone rubber and various fillers uniformly at a temperature below 50°C and remove air bubbles. After molding, vulcanize to obtain a liquid silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear insulating material.
本发明采用多种非线性功能填料复配，充分发挥各功能填料的协同效应，100份液体硅橡胶中添加的非线性功能填料不超过20份，搅拌过程中的复合材料粘度低，易于搅拌，制备得到的液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料的交流击穿强度不小于30kV/mm，直流击穿强度不小于60kV/mm，在8kV/mm以下电场中下体积电阻率不小于1013Ω·m，最大非线性系数6～20，拉伸强度不小于6.0MPa，断裂伸长率不小于200%。本发明主要应用于高压复合绝缘材料。The present invention adopts a variety of non-linear functional fillers to make full use of the synergistic effect of various functional fillers. The non-linear functional fillers added to 100 parts of liquid silicone rubber do not exceed 20 parts. During the stirring process, the composite material has low viscosity and is easy to stir. The prepared liquid silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear insulating material has an AC breakdown strength of not less than 30kV/mm, a DC breakdown strength of not less than 60kV/mm, and a volume resistivity of not less than 10 13 Ω in an electric field below 8kV/mm. m, the maximum nonlinear coefficient is 6-20, the tensile strength is not less than 6.0MPa, and the elongation at break is not less than 200%. The invention is mainly applied to high-voltage composite insulating materials.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
具体实施方式一：本实施方式液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料按重量份数由100份液体硅橡胶和10～20份非线性功能填料制成，非线性功能填料由纳米氧化锌、纳米二氧化钛、纳米碳化硅、碳纳米管、导电炭黑和纳米石墨组成；Specific implementation mode 1: In this embodiment, the liquid silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear insulating material is made of 100 parts by weight of liquid silicone rubber and 10 to 20 parts of nonlinear functional fillers, and the nonlinear functional fillers are made of nano-zinc oxide and nano-titanium dioxide. , nano-silicon carbide, carbon nanotubes, conductive carbon black and nano-graphite;
其中液体硅橡胶为聚合度100～2000的双组分液体硅橡胶，纳米氧化锌的粒径为10nm～100nm，纳米二氧化钛的粒径为10nm～100nm，纳米碳化硅的粒径为10nm～100nm，碳纳米管为直径5nm～80nm、管长1μm～15μm的单臂碳纳米管、双臂碳纳米管或多壁碳纳米管，导电炭黑的粒径为10nm～100nm，纳米石墨的片厚为10nm～100nm、片径为1μm～2μm。The liquid silicone rubber is a two-component liquid silicone rubber with a polymerization degree of 100-2000, the particle size of nano-zinc oxide is 10nm-100nm, the particle size of nano-titanium dioxide is 10nm-100nm, and the particle size of nano-silicon carbide is 10nm-100nm. Carbon nanotubes are single-arm carbon nanotubes, double-arm carbon nanotubes or multi-wall carbon nanotubes with a diameter of 5nm to 80nm and a tube length of 1μm to 15μm. The particle size of conductive carbon black is 10nm to 100nm, and the sheet thickness of nano graphite is 10nm～100nm, sheet diameter 1μm～2μm.
本实施方式所用原料均为市售产品，非线性功能填料均为纳米材料，由于纳米材料颗粒尺寸小、比表面积大、表面能高、表面原子所占比例大，具有独特的量子尺寸效应、表面效应、小尺寸效应和宏观量子隧道效应。非线性功能填料纳米氧化锌、纳米二氧化钛、纳米碳化硅、碳纳米管、导电炭黑和纳米石墨可按任意比组成，本发明充分发挥各纳米功能填料的协同效应，得到液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料的交流击穿强度不小于30kV/mm，直流击穿强度不小于60kV/mm，最大非线性系数6～20，拉伸强度不小于6.0MPa，断裂伸长率不小于200%的非线性绝缘材料。The raw materials used in this embodiment are all commercially available products, and the non-linear functional fillers are all nanomaterials. Due to the small particle size, large specific surface area, high surface energy, and large proportion of surface atoms of nanomaterials, nanomaterials have unique quantum size effects, surface effect, small size effect and macroscopic quantum tunneling effect. The non-linear functional fillers nano-zinc oxide, nano-titanium dioxide, nano-silicon carbide, carbon nanotubes, conductive carbon black and nano-graphite can be composed in any ratio. The AC breakdown strength of linear insulating materials is not less than 30kV/mm, the DC breakdown strength is not less than 60kV/mm, the maximum nonlinear coefficient is 6-20, the tensile strength is not less than 6.0MPa, and the elongation at break is not less than 200%. Linear insulation.
具体实施方式二：本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料按重量份数由100份液体硅橡胶和12～18份非线性功能填料制成。其它参数与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 2: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that the liquid silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear insulating material is made of 100 parts of liquid silicone rubber and 12-18 parts of nonlinear functional filler in parts by weight. Other parameters are the same as in the first embodiment.
具体实施方式三：本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料按重量份数由100份液体硅橡胶和13份非线性功能填料制成。其它参数与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 3: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that the liquid silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear insulating material is made of 100 parts of liquid silicone rubber and 13 parts of nonlinear functional filler in parts by weight. Other parameters are the same as in the first embodiment.
具体实施方式四：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至三之一不同的是液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料按重量份数由100份液体硅橡胶和20份非线性功能填料制成，非线性功能填料中含有5～15份纳米氧化锌。其它参数与具体实施方式一至三之一相同。Embodiment 4: This embodiment differs from Embodiments 1 to 3 in that the liquid silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear insulating material is made of 100 parts of liquid silicone rubber and 20 parts of nonlinear functional filler in parts by weight. The functional filler contains 5-15 parts of nanometer zinc oxide. Other parameters are the same as those in the first to third specific embodiments.
具体实施方式五：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至四之一不同的是液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料按重量份数由100份液体硅橡胶和20份非线性功能填料制成，非线性功能填料中含有3～10份纳米碳化硅。其它参数与具体实施方式一至四之一相同。Embodiment 5: This embodiment differs from Embodiments 1 to 4 in that the liquid silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear insulating material is made of 100 parts of liquid silicone rubber and 20 parts of nonlinear functional filler in parts by weight. The functional filler contains 3-10 parts of nano silicon carbide. Other parameters are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 4.
具体实施方式六：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至四之一不同的是液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料按重量份数由100份液体硅橡胶和20份非线性功能填料制成，非线性功能填料中含有4～6份纳米碳化硅。其它参数与具体实施方式一至四之一相同。Embodiment 6: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiments 1 to 4 is that the liquid silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear insulating material is made of 100 parts of liquid silicone rubber and 20 parts of nonlinear functional filler in parts by weight. The functional filler contains 4-6 parts of nano silicon carbide. Other parameters are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 4.
具体实施方式七：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至六之一不同的是液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料按重量份数由100份液体硅橡胶、10份纳米氧化锌、2份纳米二氧化钛、5份纳米碳化硅、0.5份碳纳米管、0.5份导电炭黑和0.5份纳米石墨制成。其它参数与具体实施方式一至六之一相同。Embodiment 7: This embodiment differs from Embodiments 1 to 6 in that the liquid silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear insulating material consists of 100 parts by weight of liquid silicone rubber, 10 parts of nano-zinc oxide, 2 parts of nano-titanium dioxide, 5 parts of nano-silicon carbide, 0.5 parts of carbon nanotubes, 0.5 parts of conductive carbon black and 0.5 parts of nano-graphite. Other parameters are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 6.
具体实施方式八：本实施方式与具体实施方式一至七之一不同的是纳米氧化锌的粒径为40nm～60nm，纳米二氧化钛的粒径为40nm～70nm，纳米碳化硅的粒径为40nm～60nm，碳纳米管为直径10nm～20nm、管长5μm～10μm的单臂碳纳米管、双臂碳纳米管或多壁碳纳米管，导电炭黑的粒径为20nm～40nm，纳米石墨的片厚为20nm～40nm、片径为1μm～2μm。其它参数与具体实施方式一至七之一相同。Embodiment 8: The difference between this embodiment and one of Embodiments 1 to 7 is that the particle diameter of nano-zinc oxide is 40nm-60nm, the particle diameter of nano-titanium dioxide is 40nm-70nm, and the particle diameter of nano-silicon carbide is 40nm-60nm , carbon nanotubes are single-arm carbon nanotubes, double-arm carbon nanotubes or multi-wall carbon nanotubes with a diameter of 10nm to 20nm and a tube length of 5 μm to 10 μm. The particle size of conductive carbon black is 20nm to 40nm. It is 20nm-40nm, and the sheet diameter is 1μm-2μm. Other parameters are the same as one of the specific embodiments 1 to 7.
实施例一：本实施例液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料按重量份数由100份液体硅橡胶、10份纳米氧化锌、2份纳米二氧化钛、5份纳米碳化硅、0.5份碳纳米管、0.5份导电炭黑和0.5份纳米石墨制成；Embodiment 1: The liquid silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear insulating material in this embodiment consists of 100 parts by weight of liquid silicone rubber, 10 parts of nano-zinc oxide, 2 parts of nano-titanium dioxide, 5 parts of nano-silicon carbide, 0.5 parts of carbon nanotubes, Made of 0.5 parts of conductive carbon black and 0.5 parts of nano-graphite;
其中液体硅橡胶为平均聚合度为500的双组分液体硅橡胶，纳米氧化锌的粒径为30nm～60nm，纳米二氧化钛的粒径为40nm～60nm，纳米碳化硅的粒径为30nm～60nm，碳纳米管为直径5nm～15nm、管长5μm～15μm的单臂碳纳米管，导电炭黑的粒径为10nm～30nm，纳米石墨的片厚为30nm～50nm、片径为1μm～2μm。Among them, the liquid silicone rubber is a two-component liquid silicone rubber with an average polymerization degree of 500. The particle size of nano-zinc oxide is 30nm-60nm, the particle size of nano-titanium dioxide is 40nm-60nm, and the particle size of nano-silicon carbide is 30nm-60nm. The carbon nanotubes are single-arm carbon nanotubes with a diameter of 5nm-15nm and a tube length of 5μm-15μm. The particle size of the conductive carbon black is 10nm-30nm. The thickness of the nano-graphite is 30nm-50nm and the sheet diameter is 1μm-2μm.
采用真空搅拌机将液体硅橡胶与各种填料在45℃下混合均匀并排除气泡，成型后经硫化得到液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料。Use a vacuum mixer to mix liquid silicone rubber and various fillers evenly at 45°C and remove air bubbles. After molding, vulcanize to obtain a liquid silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear insulating material.
本实施例得到的液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料在8kV/mm以下电场中体积电阻率为5×1014Ω·m，交流击穿强度为32kV/mm，直流击穿强度为63kV/mm，最大非线性系数为12.5，拉伸强度为7.0MPa，断裂伸长率为240%。The liquid silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear insulating material obtained in this example has a volume resistivity of 5×10 14 Ω m in an electric field below 8 kV/mm, an AC breakdown strength of 32 kV/mm, and a DC breakdown strength of 63 kV/mm , the maximum nonlinear coefficient is 12.5, the tensile strength is 7.0MPa, and the elongation at break is 240%.
实施例二：本实施例液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料按重量份数由100份液体硅橡胶、5份纳米氧化锌、1份纳米二氧化钛、4份纳米碳化硅、1.0份碳纳米管、1份导电炭黑和1份纳米石墨制成；Embodiment 2: The liquid silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear insulating material in this embodiment consists of 100 parts by weight of liquid silicone rubber, 5 parts of nano-zinc oxide, 1 part of nano-titanium dioxide, 4 parts of nano-silicon carbide, 1.0 part of carbon nanotube, Made of 1 part conductive carbon black and 1 part nano-graphite;
其中液体硅橡胶为平均聚合度为800的双组分液体硅橡胶，纳米氧化锌的粒径为40nm～60nm，纳米二氧化钛的粒径为40nm～70nm，纳米碳化硅的粒径为40nm～60nm，碳纳米管为直径10nm～20nm、管长5μm～10μm的双臂碳纳米管，导电炭黑的粒径为20nm～40nm，纳米石墨的片厚为20nm～40nm、片径为1μm～2μm。Among them, the liquid silicone rubber is a two-component liquid silicone rubber with an average degree of polymerization of 800. The particle size of nano-zinc oxide is 40nm-60nm, the particle size of nano-titanium dioxide is 40nm-70nm, and the particle size of nano-silicon carbide is 40nm-60nm. The carbon nanotubes are double-armed carbon nanotubes with a diameter of 10nm-20nm and a tube length of 5μm-10μm. The particle size of the conductive carbon black is 20nm-40nm. The thickness of the nanographite is 20nm-40nm and the sheet diameter is 1μm-2μm.
采用真空搅拌机将液体硅橡胶与各种填料在45℃下混合均匀并排除气泡，成型后经硫化得到液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料。Use a vacuum mixer to mix liquid silicone rubber and various fillers evenly at 45°C and remove air bubbles. After molding, vulcanize to obtain a liquid silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear insulating material.
本实施例得到的液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料在8kV/mm以下电场中体积电阻率为9×1014Ω·m，交流击穿强度为36kV/mm，直流击穿强度为67kV/mm，最大非线性系数为10.0，拉伸强度为7.6MPa，断裂伸长率为280%。The liquid silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear insulating material obtained in this example has a volume resistivity of 9×10 14 Ω m in an electric field below 8 kV/mm, an AC breakdown strength of 36 kV/mm, and a DC breakdown strength of 67 kV/mm , the maximum nonlinear coefficient is 10.0, the tensile strength is 7.6MPa, and the elongation at break is 280%.
实施例三：本实施例液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料按重量份数由100份液体硅橡胶、3份纳米氧化锌、1份纳米二氧化钛、3.5份纳米碳化硅、1份碳纳米管、1份导电炭黑和0.5份纳米石墨制成；Embodiment 3: The liquid silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear insulating material in this embodiment consists of 100 parts by weight of liquid silicone rubber, 3 parts of nano-zinc oxide, 1 part of nano-titanium dioxide, 3.5 parts of nano-silicon carbide, 1 part of carbon nanotube, Made of 1 part of conductive carbon black and 0.5 part of nano-graphite;
其中液体硅橡胶为平均聚合度为1500的双组分液体硅橡胶，纳米氧化锌的粒径为30nm～50nm，纳米二氧化钛的粒径为40nm～60nm，纳米碳化硅的粒径为30nm～60nm，碳纳米管为直径10nm～20nm、管长5μm～15μm的多臂碳纳米管，导电炭黑的粒径为20nm～40nm，纳米石墨的片厚为40nm～60nm、片径为1μm～2μm。Among them, the liquid silicone rubber is a two-component liquid silicone rubber with an average polymerization degree of 1500. The particle size of nano-zinc oxide is 30nm-50nm, the particle size of nano-titanium dioxide is 40nm-60nm, and the particle size of nano-silicon carbide is 30nm-60nm. The carbon nanotubes are multi-armed carbon nanotubes with a diameter of 10nm-20nm and a tube length of 5μm-15μm. The particle size of the conductive carbon black is 20nm-40nm. The thickness of the nano-graphite is 40nm-60nm and the sheet diameter is 1μm-2μm.
采用真空搅拌机将液体硅橡胶与各种填料在40℃下混合均匀并排除气泡，成型后经硫化得到液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料。Use a vacuum mixer to mix liquid silicone rubber and various fillers evenly at 40°C and remove air bubbles. After molding, vulcanize to obtain a liquid silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear insulating material.
本实施例得到的液体硅橡胶基电导非线性绝缘材料在8kV/mm以下电场中体积电阻率为1×1015Ω·m，交流击穿强度为38kV/mm，直流击穿强度为70kV/mm，最大非线性系数为8.5，拉伸强度为8.0MPa，断裂伸长率为290%。The liquid silicone rubber-based conductance nonlinear insulating material obtained in this example has a volume resistivity of 1×10 15 Ω m in an electric field below 8 kV/mm, an AC breakdown strength of 38 kV/mm, and a DC breakdown strength of 70 kV/mm , the maximum nonlinear coefficient is 8.5, the tensile strength is 8.0MPa, and the elongation at break is 290%.
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