CN103214221B - A kind of earth building surface of wall high hydrophobicity osmosis type water-proof material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a highly hydrophobic and permeable waterproof material on the surface of a raw earth building wall and a preparation method thereof. The composition and mass fraction of the material in the invention are 2-8% of Portland cement and 2-8% of aluminate cement. %, lime 2-15%, acrylic acid 2-9%, polyacrylamide 5-20%, silicone penetrant 3-15%, emulsifier 0.5-3%, and the balance is water; acrylic acid is formulated with water After the acrylic acid aqueous solution with a concentration of 2-9%, add polyacrylamide and emulsifier in sequence to the acrylic acid aqueous solution, and mix and stir evenly while adding; then add silicone penetrant, and stir well to obtain a uniform and stable emulsion; Add Portland cement, aluminate cement, and lime to the stable emulsion, and fully stir until it becomes a stable slurry product to obtain the material of the present invention; the waterproof material of the present invention has high permeability to the raw soil matrix, and has outstanding waterproof, Anti-crack performance; improve the water resistance and weather resistance of the raw soil wall; the material is non-toxic and pollution-free, and the preparation and construction methods are simple, so it is worth popularizing and using.

Description

A highly hydrophobic and permeable waterproof material for the surface of raw earth building walls

technical field

The invention relates to a wall surface waterproof material and its preparation, in particular to a waterproof material suitable for raw soil wall surfaces and its preparation, belonging to the field of waterproof coating materials for construction engineering.

Background technique

Earth architecture is an ancient building type that is still widely used today. Since the formation of human society, "raw soil" has always been the main building material; raw soil wall materials have the advantages of convenient material acquisition, low cost, good thermal performance, sound insulation, less pollution, and recyclable utilization, which are conducive to ecological balance. It is a typical ecological building material. According to statistics, about 30% of the world's population still lives in earth-based buildings; but it is undeniable that some shortcomings of earth-based materials seriously restrict its development, such as low strength, Poor water resistance and alkali corrosion, freezing and so on. Therefore, the traditional adobe architecture that has gone through thousands of years is facing a serious threat of extinction.

In view of the characteristics and limitations of raw soil materials, people have modified raw soil thousands of years ago to improve the strength and durability of raw soil materials, but the water resistance of raw soil-based materials has always affected its wide application bottleneck factor. Therefore, breaking through this bottleneck and improving the water resistance of raw soil-based materials is of great significance for promoting the development of raw soil buildings.

At present, there are mainly two methods for building surface waterproofing: the first is to form a waterproof film on the concrete surface with coatings or waterproof coiled materials, but it cannot fundamentally solve the waterproof problem; the second uses cement-based rigid waterproof materials, which have Certain permeability, but due to the large difference in physical and mechanical properties between the coating and the raw soil wall, the bonding strength between the coating and the raw soil building interface is low and easy to fall off. Therefore, the external wall waterproof materials commonly used in the construction industry cannot be well applied to the surface of the raw earth building wall.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above situation, the inventor has developed a waterproof material with impermeability, crack resistance, reinforcement and high bonding performance through a large number of experiments; The disadvantages of soil-based materials are that they can match the raw soil matrix in terms of physical and mechanical properties, and have strong adhesion to the raw soil base surface; at the same time, they can penetrate deeply into the interior of the raw soil matrix material, enhancing the waterproof, Anti-cracking, and bonding strength, well meet the waterproof requirements of the exterior walls of raw earth buildings.

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of highly hydrophobic and permeable waterproof material on the surface of raw earth building wall and its preparation and use method.

The components and mass fractions of the waterproof material of the present invention are: Portland cement 2-8%, aluminate cement 2-8%, lime 2-15%, acrylic acid 2-9%, polyacrylamide 5-20%, 3-15% of siloxane penetrant, 0.5-3% of emulsifier, and water as the balance; the sum of the mass fractions of each component is 100%.

The siloxane penetrating agent can be isobutyltriethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, propenyltriethoxysilane, γ-propylmethacrylate trimethoxysilane, trifluoromethane One of the trimethylsilanes.

Described emulsifier can be sodium lauryl sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lignosulfonate, stearic acid soap, oleic acid soap, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, sorbitan fatty acid ester One of polyoxyethylene ethers or a mixture of them.

In order to achieve better results, it is preferable that the particle size of Portland cement, aluminate cement and lime is all below 0.05mm.

More preferably: the polyacrylamide has a molecular weight of 3,000,000-5,000,000 g/mol and is a white solid powder.

The waterproof material of the present invention is prepared by the following method, and the steps include:

1) Get each component of the waterproof material by the aforementioned mass fraction;

2) Prepare acrylic acid with water to make an aqueous solution of acrylic acid with a concentration of 2-9%;

3) Add polyacrylamide and emulsifier in sequence to the acrylic acid aqueous solution, and stir and mix evenly while adding; after that, add silicone penetrant, and stir well to obtain a uniform and stable emulsion;

4) Add Portland cement, aluminate cement, and lime to the uniform and stable emulsion, and stir well until it becomes a stable slurry product.

When the waterproof material of the present invention is used, it can be applied to the surface of the raw soil wall by brushing or spraying.

Principle of the invention

The invention is an inorganic-organic composite hybrid waterproof material, which achieves double waterproofing through highly bonded film formation with the substrate and permeation and crystallization of active ions. Specifically, polyacrylamide forms a three-dimensional network structure in the soil, which further consolidates and improves the strength and water resistance of the soil. At the same time, silicone penetrating agent is added to make the product have good hydrophobicity and penetration. When the concentration is 20-40%, the penetration depth is 0.5-1cm, and the water-repelling effect is good, and the durability and acid and alkali resistance are good. In addition, for the siloxane penetrating agent, take the preferred isobutyltriethoxysilane as an example, its alkoxy group can dehydrate and condense with Si-OH in the raw soil to form Si-O-Si in the water environment bond, it can be well combined with inorganic substrates such as silicates, and the introduction of organic inert groups or active reactive groups such as isobutyl provides good adhesion to other organic components. Inorganic components produce calcium ions, sulfate radicals and metaaluminate radicals in water. Due to the large number of capillary pores or microcracks in the raw soil, in the presence of water, ions diffuse and penetrate from high concentration areas to low concentration areas. With the diffusion and penetration of ions, it can react with the active ingredients of the minerals in the raw soil to form flaky, fibrous or needle-like crystals, interlaced with each other, and enhance the connection between the raw soil particles, which plays an excellent role in enhancing penetration. The ions quickly penetrate into the internal pores or capillary pores of the concrete, and the penetration depth can reach about 1-3cm, blocking the capillary pores and micro-cracks. Moreover, the thin waterproof material painted on the surface, due to its high cohesiveness, can be firmly combined on the surface of the raw soil to provide waterproof and crack resistance, and to produce more effective protection for the soil. The surface of the raw earth building wall is not easy to pulverize and fall off, and a waterproof surface with a certain strength is obtained.

Advantages and characteristics of the present invention are:

1. Good waterproof and penetration effect. The material of the invention can form a dense and firm protective film on the surface of raw soil-based materials, and at the same time, active ions penetrate into the pores and capillary pores to form a large number of crystals to block and fill these pores, thereby preventing the infiltration of water. Due to the double protection, waterproof and anti-seepage The effect is better. The penetration depth of the material of the present invention reaches 1-3cm.

2. Good bonding performance. After the material of the present invention is mixed with water, the material has good adhesiveness and strong cohesive force, which is several times that of conventional materials.

The material of the invention is firmly bonded to the raw soil matrix, and even forms an integrated coating with chemical bonding on the surface, so it can simultaneously play a certain role in strengthening and protecting the soil.

3. Good anti-crack effect. The material of the invention can produce micro-expansion, does not cause cracks due to changes in temperature and moisture, and can prevent cracks caused by external loads.

4. Non-toxic and pollution-free, green and environmentally friendly.

5. Low production cost. The raw materials used in the invention have wide sources, low price, low production cost and less investment.

6. The preparation process and construction method are simple. The fluidity, cohesiveness, workability and brushing performance of the material of the invention after adding water are all very good. It can be operated by brushing or spraying, and the construction method is simple.

7. Wide range of applications. The invention is not only applicable to the surface of raw earth buildings, but also suitable for the waterproofing of concrete small industrial and civil buildings.

Description of drawings

Figure 1: Observation of the application effect of the waterproof material obtained in Example 1

Figure 2: Observation of the application effect of the waterproof material obtained in Example 2

Figure 3: Observation of the application effect of the waterproof material obtained in Example 3

Detailed ways

In order to understand the present invention, the present invention is further illustrated below with examples, but the present invention is not limited.

Example 1:

Take Portland cement 5%, aluminate cement 5%, lime 5%, acrylic acid 6%, polyacrylamide 5%, isobutyltriethoxysilane 4%, sodium dodecylsulfonate 1% by mass %, water 69%. Mix acrylic acid with water to make acrylic acid aqueous solution; add polyacrylamide to the acrylic acid solution and mix well, then add sodium dodecylsulfonate, stir well and mix well; finally add isobutyltriethoxysilane, stir well Obtain a uniform emulsion; then add Portland cement, aluminate cement, and lime, and stir well to obtain a slurry product.

The waterproof material is painted on the surface of raw soil, and it is observed that the penetration depth of the coating is 1.8cm, and the coating does not fall off after soaking in water for 24 hours. The effect is shown in Figure 1.

Example 2:

Take Portland cement 3%, aluminate cement 3%, lime 5%, acrylic acid 4%, polyacrylamide 8%, isobutyltriethoxysilane 8%, sodium dodecylsulfonate 1.5% by mass %, water 67.5%. Mix acrylic acid with water to make acrylic acid aqueous solution; add polyacrylamide to the acrylic acid solution and mix well, then add sodium dodecylsulfonate, stir well and mix well; finally add isobutyltriethoxysilane, stir well Obtain a uniform emulsion; then add Portland cement, aluminate cement, and lime, and stir well to obtain a slurry product.

The waterproof material is painted on the surface of raw soil, and it is observed that the penetration depth of the coating is 1.8cm, and the coating does not fall off after soaking in water for 24 hours. The effect is shown in Figure 2.

Example 3:

Take Portland cement 8%, aluminate cement 9%, lime 8%, acrylic acid 2%, polyacrylamide 3%, isobutyltriethoxysilane 4%, sodium dodecylsulfonate 0.5% by mass %, water 65.5%. Mix acrylic acid with water to make acrylic acid aqueous solution; add polyacrylamide to the acrylic acid solution and mix well, then add sodium dodecylsulfonate, stir well and mix well; finally add isobutyltriethoxysilane, stir well Obtain a uniform emulsion; then add Portland cement, aluminate cement, and lime, and stir well to obtain a slurry product.

The waterproof material is painted on the surface of raw soil, and it is observed that the penetration depth of the coating is 1.8cm, and the coating does not fall off after soaking in water for 24 hours. The effect is shown in Figure 3.

Claims (5)

1. an earth building surface of wall high hydrophobicity osmosis type water-proof material, it is characterized in that, each component and massfraction are: silicate cement 2-8%, aluminate cement 2-8%, lime 2-15%, vinylformic acid 2-9%, polyacrylamide 5-20%, siloxanes permeate agent 3-15%, emulsifying agent 0.5-3%, surplus is water; The massfraction sum of described each component is 100%; The granularity of described silicate cement, aluminate cement, lime is all at below 0.05mm; The molecular weight of described polyacrylamide is 3000000-5000000g/mol, is white solid powder;

Carry out according to following step:

Step 1, gets each component of water-proof material by described massfraction;

Step 2, with water, vinylformic acid being mixed with concentration is 2 ~ 9% acrylic acid aqueous solutions;

Step 3, adds polyacrylamide, emulsifying agent successively, is uniformly mixed while interpolation in acrylic acid aqueous solution; Afterwards, add siloxanes permeate agent, fully stir, obtain uniform and stable emulsion;

Step 4, adds silicate cement, aluminate cement, lime, is stirred well in stabilized slurry product, obtains final product in uniform and stable emulsion.

2. a kind of earth building surface of wall high hydrophobicity osmosis type water-proof material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described siloxanes permeate agent is the one in isobutyl triethoxy silane, Union carbide A-162, propenyl triethoxyl silane, γ-propyl methacrylate base Trimethoxy silane, trifluoromethyl trimethylsilane.

3. a kind of earth building surface of wall high hydrophobicity osmosis type water-proof material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described emulsifying agent is the one in sodium laurylsulfonate, sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium lignosulfonate, stearate soap, oleate soap, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, sorbitan fatty acid ester polyoxyethylene ether.

4. a preparation method for earth building surface of wall high hydrophobicity osmosis type water-proof material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that step comprises:

Step 1, gets each component of water-proof material by described massfraction;

Step 2, with water, vinylformic acid being mixed with concentration is 2 ~ 9% acrylic acid aqueous solutions;

Step 3, adds polyacrylamide, emulsifying agent successively, is uniformly mixed while interpolation in acrylic acid aqueous solution; Afterwards, add siloxanes permeate agent, fully stir, obtain uniform and stable emulsion;

Step 4, adds silicate cement, aluminate cement, lime, is stirred well in stabilized slurry product, obtains final product in uniform and stable emulsion.

5. a using method for earth building surface of wall high hydrophobicity osmosis type water-proof material as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that slurry to carry out surface-coated by brushing or spraying method to immature soil body of wall.