CN115159936B - Plastering mortar and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Plastering mortar and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115159936B CN115159936B CN202210785858.8A CN202210785858A CN115159936B CN 115159936 B CN115159936 B CN 115159936B CN 202210785858 A CN202210785858 A CN 202210785858A CN 115159936 B CN115159936 B CN 115159936B
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- sodium
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- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 title abstract description 113
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 82
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 57
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 52
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 45
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 abstract description 43
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 34
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 abstract description 33
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 33
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002925 chemical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 84
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 47
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 40
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 27
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 26
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000005354 aluminosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 10
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical group [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 6
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002120 nanofilm Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 5
- RWHRFHQRVDUPIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 50867-57-7 Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O.CC(=C)C(O)=O RWHRFHQRVDUPIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003145 methacrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229940117841 methacrylic acid copolymer Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229940001593 sodium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 4
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 4
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium oxalate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229940039790 sodium oxalate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229960003339 sodium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- CAQWNKXTMBFBGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N C.[Na] Chemical compound C.[Na] CAQWNKXTMBFBGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001653 ettringite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XJKVPKYVPCWHFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Si] XJKVPKYVPCWHFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 3
- XYRAEZLPSATLHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium methoxy(trioxido)silane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].CO[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] XYRAEZLPSATLHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004137 mechanical activation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XTIIITNXEHRMQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripotassium methoxy(trioxido)silane Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].CO[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] XTIIITNXEHRMQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical class [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012691 depolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940070765 laurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- BHGADZKHWXCHKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;potassium Chemical compound C.[K] BHGADZKHWXCHKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000192 social effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/08—Slag cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
- C04B2111/00508—Cement paints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/76—Use at unusual temperatures, e.g. sub-zero
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind ofThe plastering mortar comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-100 parts of engineering waste soil; 5-40 parts of graded sand; 15-35 parts of blast furnace slag; 5-15 parts of fly ash; 1 to 10 percent of industrial byproduct gypsum; 1-5 parts of redispersible emulsion powder; 0.1-1 part of fiber; 0.1 to 0.5 part of organosilicon water repellent; 0.5 to 3 parts of water reducer, wherein the chemical components of the engineering spoil comprise SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The chemical components of the industrial by-product gypsum comprise CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O. The raw materials of the plastering mortar are in synergistic effect and are tightly combined together through chemical and physical effects, so that the obtained plastering mortar has the advantages of high strength, small shrinkage, good decorative effect and the like, and has the characteristics of green, low carbon and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment and building materials, in particular to plastering mortar. In addition, the invention also relates to a preparation method and application of the plastering mortar.
Background
The engineering spoil is a component part of the construction waste and mainly comes from real estate construction projects, underground pipe gallery projects, subway projects and the like. Along with the rapid development of urban construction, engineering spoil is continuously generated and the total amount is rapidly increased. The main component of the engineering waste soil is clay, has the characteristics of high viscosity, high water content, high porosity, low activity and the like, has higher recycling difficulty, is mainly treated in a stacking way, and forms the situation of 'waste soil surrounding city'. The engineering waste soil filling occupies a large amount of land resources, pollutes the surrounding environment, has potential safety hazards such as landslide and the like, and becomes a great potential hazard threatening the environmental safety and the life health of the national people.
Meanwhile, a large number of historical buildings are built by using raw soil, the appearance of the historical buildings has the characteristics of unique, natural and primitive soil walls, but in the repairing and protecting processes of the historical buildings, a large number of buildings built by using other building materials such as bricks, stones and concrete exist in the areas where the historical buildings are located, the inner and outer wall decoration of the historical buildings are mostly made of paint, ceramic tiles and color facing mortar, the appearance of the historical buildings is extremely uncoordinated with that of the traditional historical buildings, the integral appearance of the historical building blocks is seriously damaged, the paint has the problems of poor durability, more volatile components and the like, the ceramic tiles have the problems of high energy consumption, easy falling off and the like, and the color mortar facing layer has the problems of whiskering, cracking and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problems of providing plastering mortar, and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the plastering mortar takes engineering waste soil as a main raw material, adopts multi-source solid waste to cooperatively modify the plastering mortar, not only solves the problems of land occupation, environmental pollution, potential safety hazard existing in the engineering waste soil filling, difficulty in meeting the requirements of the appearance of the traditional historic building block and archaize building by modern decorative materials, and the like, but also improves the mechanical strength, durability, cracking resistance and other performances of the mortar.
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a plastering mortar comprising the following components in parts by weight:
60-100 parts of engineering waste soil; 5-40 parts of graded sand; 15-35 parts of blast furnace slag; 5-15 parts of fly ash; 1 to 10 percent of industrial byproduct gypsum; 1-5 parts of redispersible emulsion powder; 0.1-1 part of fiber; 0.1 to 0.5 part of organosilicon water repellent; 0.5 to 3 portions of water reducer. Wherein the chemical components of the engineering spoil comprise SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The chemical components of the industrial by-product gypsum comprise CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O; the water reducing agent comprises a mixture of polymethyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid copolymer and one or more of sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate and sodium oxalate; the plastering mortar also comprises M weight parts of alkaline activator, wherein the alkaline activator is an alkali-activated polymerThe excitant consists of sodium silicate and NaOH, wherein M is calculated by the following formulas (1) - (3):
M＝x+y (3)
wherein a is Na in water glass 2 Mass fraction of O, in percent; b is SiO in water glass 2 Mass fraction of (a) in percent; c is the modulus of the alkaline activator and SiO in the alkaline activator 2 Mole number and Na 2 Ratio of moles of O; d is the alkali equivalent of the alkali excitant, and Na in the alkali excitant 2 The ratio of O mass to the mass of active waste residues (blast furnace slag and fly ash) is calculated in percentage; y is the mass of NaOH in parts by weight; m is the sum of the mass of blast furnace slag and fly ash, and is calculated in parts by weight.
Further, plastering mortar comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of engineering waste soil; 20-40 parts of graded sand; 21-28 parts of blast furnace slag; 9-12 parts of fly ash; 2-5 of industrial byproduct gypsum; 1-5 parts of redispersible emulsion powder; 0.2 to 0.6 portion of fiber; 0.2 to 0.5 portion of organosilicon water repellent; 0.5-2 parts of water reducer.
Further, the graded sand is one or more of natural sand, machine-made sand and recycled fine aggregate.
Further, the blast furnace slag is powdery, and the specific surface area is more than 400m 2 /kg; and/or, the particles with the particle size smaller than 45 μm in the fly ash account for more than 75%.
Further, the industrial byproduct gypsum is one or more of desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum, citric acid gypsum and titanium gypsum.
Further, the fiber is one or more of crop straw fiber, alkali-resistant glass fiber and polypropylene fiber, and the length of the fiber is not more than 20mm.
Further, the redispersible emulsion powder is one or more of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl chloride-vinyl laurate terpolymer and ethylene-vinyl acetate-higher fatty acid vinyl ester terpolymer.
Further, the silicone water repellent comprises one or more of sodium methyl silicate and/or potassium methyl silicate.
Further, the alkali equivalent of the alkaline excitant is 6-10%, and the modulus is 0.8-1.6.
Further, the consistency of the plastering mortar is 60-100mm.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for preparing plastering mortar, comprising the steps of:
(1) Firstly, calculating the mass of a required NaOH and water glass solution according to the alkali equivalent and the modulus of the required alkaline excitant, then completely dissolving sodium hydroxide in water, uniformly mixing the sodium hydroxide with the water glass, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the alkaline excitant;
(2) Crushing engineering waste soil, and then carrying out wheel grinding and mixing with blast furnace slag, fly ash and industrial byproduct gypsum to obtain a mixture A;
(3) Mixing the mixture A with graded sand, an alkaline excitant and a water reducing agent to obtain a mixture B;
(4) And mixing the mixture B with redispersible latex powder, fibers and an organosilicon water repellent to obtain the plastering mortar.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is also provided the use of the above-mentioned plastering mortar or the plastering mortar prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method in plastering and facing mortar of building walls.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The plastering mortar prepared from the raw material engineering waste soil, graded sand, blast furnace slag, fly ash, industrial byproduct gypsum, redispersible emulsion powder, fiber, organic silicon water repellent, water reducing agent and alkaline excitant has the proportion of the engineering waste soil up to 80%, can greatly utilize the engineering waste soil, and improves the recycling utilization rate of the engineering waste soil, thereby reducing the occupied land, environmental pollution and potential safety hazard caused by the engineering waste soil, and has good social effect and environmental effect.
(2) The engineering waste soil has rich natural colors, has the characteristics of high viscosity, high porosity and strong water adsorption capacity, the plastering mortar prepared by taking the engineering waste soil as a main raw material does not need to be added with pigment and water retention agent, the prepared mortar has higher cohesive force, retains natural nature, shows natural and primitive aesthetic feeling, has good decorative effect, and can be used for decoration of the traditional historic building block and scenic spot archaized building wall.
(3) Under the action of an alkaline excitant, the aluminosilicate glass network structure is depolymerized and polycondensed firstly to form se:Sub>A stable three-dimensional macromolecular structure, and the industrial byproduct gypsum reacts with C-A-H to generate an expansive hydration product, and the raw materials are tightly combined together through chemical and physical effects, so that the mechanical strength, durability and cracking resistance of plastering mortar are improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a topography of the plastering mortar obtained in example 1 after plastering;
FIG. 2 is a topography of the plastering mortar obtained in comparative example 1 after plastering;
FIG. 3 is a topography of the plastering mortar obtained in comparative example 2 after plastering;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of alkali equivalent of the alkali-activator of comparative example 3 on the performance of plastering mortar;
fig. 5 is a graph showing the effect of modulus of the alkali-activator of comparative example 4 on the performance of plastering mortar.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous technical effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to examples. It should be understood that the examples described in this specification are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and are not intended to limit the invention.
For simplicity, only a few numerical ranges are explicitly disclosed herein. However, any lower limit may be combined with any upper limit to form a range not explicitly recited; and any lower limit may be combined with any other lower limit to form a range not explicitly recited, and any upper limit may be combined with any other upper limit to form a range not explicitly recited. Furthermore, each point or individual value between the endpoints of the range is included within the range, although not explicitly recited. Thus, each point or individual value may be combined as a lower or upper limit on itself with any other point or individual value or with other lower or upper limit to form a range that is not explicitly recited.
In the description herein, unless otherwise indicated, "above" and "below" are intended to include the present number, "one or more" means two or more, and "one or more" means two or more.
An embodiment of a first aspect of the present application provides a plastering mortar, comprising the following components in parts by weight:
60-100 parts of engineering waste soil; 5-40 parts of graded sand; 15-35 parts of blast furnace slag; 5-15 parts of fly ash; 1 to 10 percent of industrial byproduct gypsum; 1-5 parts of redispersible emulsion powder; 0.1-1 part of fiber; 0.1 to 0.5 part of organosilicon water repellent; 0.5 to 3 portions of water reducer. Wherein the chemical components of the engineering spoil comprise SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The chemical components of the industrial by-product gypsum comprise CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O; the water reducing agent comprises a mixture of polymethyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid copolymer and one or more of sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate and sodium oxalate; the plastering mortar also comprises an alkaline excitant in parts by weight, wherein the alkaline excitant consists of sodium silicate and NaOH, and M is calculated by the following formulas (1) - (3):
M＝x+y (3)
wherein a is Na in water glass 2 Mass fraction of O, in percent; b is SiO in water glass 2 Mass fraction of (a) in percent; c is the modulus of the alkaline activator and SiO in the alkaline activator 2 Mole number and Na 2 Ratio of moles of O; d is the alkali equivalent of the alkali excitant, and Na in the alkali excitant 2 The ratio of O mass to the mass of active waste residues (blast furnace slag and fly ash) is calculated in percentage; x is the mass of water glass, calculated in parts by weight; y is the mass of NaOH in parts by weight; m is the sum of the mass of blast furnace slag and fly ash, and is calculated in parts by weight.
The plastering mortar of the invention comprises: engineering waste, graded sand, blast furnace slag, fly ash, industrial by-product gypsum, redispersible latex powder, fiber, organosilicon water repellent, water reducing agent and alkaline excitant. The blast furnace slag, the fly ash and the industrial byproduct gypsum are adopted to cooperatively modify the engineering waste soil, and the redispersible latex powder, the fiber, the organosilicon water repellent, the water reducing agent and the alkaline excitant are added, so that the resource utilization of the engineering waste soil is realized, and the mechanical strength, the durability and the cracking resistance of the plastering mortar are improved. Wherein, the blast furnace slag and the fly ash are coated on the surfaces of clay particles, and Ca is released in alkaline solution 2+ 、Al 3+ Na adsorbed on the surface of clay particles by the isovalent cations + 、K + Ion exchange is carried out, the Zeta potential of the surface of the clay is reduced, the thickness of the electric double layer of the surface of the clay is reduced, the acting force among the clay particles is increased, and the clay particles are promoted to agglomerate. Meanwhile, activated calcium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide and the like in blast furnace slag and fly ash are generated under the action of an alkaline excitantCementing materials such as C-S-H, C-A-H, C-A-S-H, N-A-S-H, and the like, wrapping and bonding clay particles and graded sand together; with the continuous consumption and dissipation of water, the concentration of the alkaline excitant in the pore solution is increased, and the active ingredients of minerals in clay particles react with gelling substances such as C-S-H, C-A-H, C-A-S-H, N-A-S-H and the like to generate flaky, fibrous or needle-shaped crystals under the action of the alkaline excitant, so that the connection effect between the particles and the gelling substances is further increased, and a stable reticular structure is formed. The graded sand plays a framework role in the structure of the hardened body, so that the viscosity of engineering waste soil can be reduced, the strength of the hardened body can be improved, the shrinkage of a matrix can be reduced, and the flow property of the hardened body can be improved. The industrial byproduct gypsum reacts with C-A-H to generate an expansive hydration product ettringite, so that pores in the hardened structure are filled, the compactness of the hardened structure is improved, the shrinkage of the matrix caused by water evaporation can be compensated, and the shrinkage cracking of the matrix is reduced; the fibers are distributed in a three-dimensional direction in the hardened structure, so that the stability of the net structure is further improved, a certain tensile stress can be born, cracks generated by shrinkage of the matrix are reduced, and the expansion of the cracks is prevented or slowed down. The redispersible emulsion powder has higher adhesive property and film forming property, can improve the adhesive force between clay particles and the adhesive strength between plastering mortar and a wall surface, and the formed polymer film can effectively block capillary channels in a hardened structure, thereby improving the waterproof property of the plastering mortar and increasing the flexibility of the plastering mortar. The organosilicon water repellent can form a firm hydrophobic reticular siloxane molecular film on the pore or capillary channel wall of the hardened body structure, and the siloxane molecular film has very low surface tension, so that water is difficult to spread on the siloxane molecular film, thereby showing good water repellent effect, and the organosilicon water repellent can not block the pore and the capillary channel, namely, the air permeability and the respiratory performance of plastering mortar are not influenced. The inorganic component in the water reducer can increase the electric double layer thickness of clay particles, increase the side-to-side or side-to-side repulsive force of the clay particles, prevent the clay particles from contacting each other, keep the clay particles in a dispersed structure and release the wrapped free water; the molecular side chains are extremely short, so that the reduction of the effective concentration of the water reducer in a liquid phase caused by chemical embedding of the side chains between layers of clay particles can be avoided, and the dispersion effect of the water reducer is reduced;the inorganic and organic components in the water reducing agent cooperate to promote the mutual dispersion of cement and clay particles by means of the electrostatic repulsive force of molecules, and release the wrapped free water, so that the mixture has better flowing performance under the condition of reducing the water-cement ratio.
The raw materials of the plastering mortar are in synergistic effect, and are tightly combined together through chemical and physical effects, so that the obtained plastering mortar has the advantages of high strength, good durability, small shrinkage and the like, has good decorative effect, has certain functions of heat preservation, heat insulation and indoor humidity adjustment, and realizes the utilization of solid waste resources and high added value. The plastering mortar fully utilizes the characteristics of rich natural colors, high viscosity, high porosity and strong water adsorption capacity of engineering waste soil and the synergistic effect of multi-source solid waste, provides technical support for treating waste with waste and changing waste into valuables, can consume a large amount of solid waste, reduce production cost, can develop new products for the field of building materials, meets the construction requirements of the society of resource conservation and environmental protection, and has good ecological benefit, social benefit and economic benefit.
In the embodiment of the invention, in order to further improve the comprehensive performance of plastering mortar, the plastering mortar comprises 60-80 parts of engineering waste soil; 20-40 parts of graded sand; 21-28 parts of blast furnace slag; 9-12 parts of fly ash; 2-5 of industrial byproduct gypsum; 1-5 parts of redispersible emulsion powder; 0.2 to 0.6 portion of fiber; 0.2-0.5 part of organosilicon water repellent; 0.5-2 parts of water reducer.
In the embodiment of the invention, the engineering waste soil can be shield residue soil, such as shield residue soil generated in the construction process of a certain subway, wherein the free water content is 38.4%, the liquid limit is 41.4%, the plastic limit is 26.4%, the plasticity index is 15.0, the water content of combined water is 7.2%, the median particle size is 7.351 mu m, and the main mineral components are quartz, white mica and kaolinite. Therefore, the shield slag soil has high water content, strong water adsorption capacity and small particle size, the main mineral component is clay mineral, the performance is stable, the viscosity is relatively large, and the shield slag soil is in a soft plastic or plastic flowing state.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the graded sand is one or more of natural sand, machine-made sand, and recycled fine aggregate. The graded sand of the components plays a role of a framework in the structure of the hardened body, not only can improve the strength of the hardened body, but also can reduce the shrinkage of the hardened body and improve the flow property of the hardened body, and the mixing amount of the graded sand can be adjusted according to the sand content in engineering waste soil.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the blast furnace slag is powdery and has a specific surface area of more than 400m 2 /kg; and/or, the particles with the particle size smaller than 45 μm in the fly ash account for more than 75%.
According to the embodiment of the application, the blast furnace slag and the fly ash have potential hydration activity, the hydration reaction is very slow, the activity needs to be improved in order to meet the requirement of early strength, and the method for improving the activity mainly comprises mechanical activation and chemical excitation. Mechanical activation refers to the process of grinding the powder to change the particle size, granularity, shape and chemical bond force of the particles, so that the specific surface area and surface energy of the particles are increased, and the activity is improved. When the specific surface area of the blast furnace slag is more than 400m 2 When the particle size of per kg and the particle size of the fly ash is more than 75 percent and less than 45 mu m, the activity of the fly ash is higher, and the fly ash can rapidly react under the action of an alkaline excitant to generate higher early strength.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the industrial byproduct gypsum is one or more of desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum, citric acid gypsum and titanium gypsum. The industrial by-product gypsum of the components reacts with C-A-H in the system to generate an expansive hydration product ettringite, which can fill pores in the structure of the hardened body, improve the compactness of the hardened body, and compensate the shrinkage of the matrix caused by water evaporation, thereby reducing the shrinkage and cracking of mortar.
In an embodiment of the invention, the fibers comprise one or more of crop straw fibers, alkali resistant glass fibers, and polypropylene fibers, the fibers having a length of no more than 20mm.
According to the embodiment of the application, the fiber can improve the cracking resistance of plastering mortar and overcome the defects of large shrinkage and easy cracking of soil-based building material products. The length of the fiber is not more than 20mm, which is favorable for uniform dispersion of the fiber in the matrix, thereby more effectively preventing generation and expansion of microcracks in the matrix, improving the cracking resistance of the product and reducing the shrinkage of the matrix.
In an embodiment of the invention, the water reducing agent comprises a mixture of polymethyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid copolymer and one or more of sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate, and sodium oxalate. The inorganic components sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate and sodium oxalate can increase the electric double layer thickness of clay particles, increase the side-to-side or side-to-side repulsive force of the clay particles, prevent the clay particles from contacting each other, enable the clay particles to keep a dispersion structure, and release the wrapped free water; the organic component polymethyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid copolymer has extremely short molecular side chains, and can avoid the reduction of the effective concentration of the water reducer in a liquid phase caused by chemical embedding of the side chains between layers of clay particles, thereby reducing the dispersing effect of the water reducer. The inorganic and organic components cooperate to promote the mutual dispersion of cement and clay particles by means of the electrostatic repulsion of molecules, release the wrapped free water, and enable the mixture to obtain better flowing performance under the condition of reducing the water-cement ratio.
In the embodiment of the invention, the alkali equivalent of the alkaline activator is 6-10%, and the modulus is 0.8-1.6.
According to the examples of the present application, the alkali equivalent and modulus of the alkali-activator are the main factors affecting the depolymerization and polymerization reaction of the aluminosilicate glass body network structure in blast furnace slag and fly ash, and the required alkali equivalent and modulus can be obtained by adjusting the ratio of water glass to NaOH. When the alkali equivalent of the alkali excitant is too low, aluminosilicate glass bodies in blast furnace slag and fly ash are slowly dissolved, and less Si and Al ions are released, so that free [ SiO ] is formed 4 ] 4- And [ AlO ] 4 ] 5 Less amorphous gel and less crystalline structure are produced and the strength of the cured body is lower; with the continuous increase of alkali equivalent, the dissolution of aluminosilicate glass bodies in blast furnace slag and fly ash is accelerated, and the released Si and Al ions are gradually increased to form free [ SiO ] 4 ] 4- And [ AlO ] 4 ] 5- Is also gradually increased to generateThe amorphous gel and crystal structure of (a) are also increased, and the strength of the hardened body is gradually increased, but when the alkali equivalent is too large, more free [ SiO ] is formed due to more Si and Al ions dissolved out of the aluminosilicate glass body in the blast furnace slag and fly ash 4 ] 4- And [ AlO ] 4 ] 5- Within a short time [ SiO 4 ] 4- And [ AlO ] 4 ] 5- Polycondensation reaction takes place and reacts with Ca 2+ The hardening products formed by combination are wrapped on the surfaces of undissolved blast furnace slag and fly ash particles, so that the dissolution of aluminosilicate glass bodies in the blast furnace slag and the fly ash is prevented, and the content of unreacted blast furnace slag and fly ash particles is increased instead. The lower the modulus of the alkaline excitant is, the more NaOH needs to be added, but the excessive NaOH can inhibit the dissolution of aluminosilicate glass bodies in blast furnace slag and fly ash and inhibit the progress of polymerization reaction; with increasing modulus, free [ SiO ] is formed 4 ] 4- The gradual increase is beneficial to the formation of a structure with high polymerization degree in the polymerization reaction, but when the modulus is too large, the solution viscosity of the alkaline excitant is larger, the hardening time of the mixed slurry is faster, and the dissolution of aluminosilicate glass bodies in blast furnace slag and fly ash is not beneficial.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the organosilicon water repellent is sodium methyl silicate and/or potassium methyl silicate.
According to the embodiment of the application, the organic silicon water repellent can form a firm hydrophobic reticular siloxane molecular film on the pore or capillary channel wall of the hardened body structure, and the siloxane molecular film has very low surface tension, so that water is difficult to spread on the siloxane molecular film, thereby showing good water repellent effect, and the organic silicon water repellent can not block the pore and the capillary channel, namely, the air permeability and the respiratory performance of plastering mortar are not influenced.
In an embodiment of the invention, the consistency of the plastering mortar is 60-100mm.
According to the embodiment of the application, the consistency of the plastering mortar is 60-100mm, so that the plastering mortar is convenient to construct, the construction efficiency of the plastering mortar is improved, and a good construction effect is maintained; meanwhile, the consistency of the plastering mortar is required to reach 60-100mm, and a proper amount of water is required to be added when the plastering mortar is stirred, so that the engineering waste soil does not need to be dehydrated, and the production cost is further saved.
An embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing plastering mortar, comprising the steps of:
(1) Firstly, calculating the mass of a required NaOH and water glass solution according to the alkali equivalent and the modulus of the required alkaline excitant, then completely dissolving sodium hydroxide in water, uniformly mixing the sodium hydroxide with the water glass, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the alkaline excitant;
(2) Crushing engineering waste soil, and then carrying out wheel grinding and mixing with blast furnace slag, fly ash and industrial byproduct gypsum to obtain a mixture A;
(3) Uniformly mixing the mixture A with graded sand, an alkaline excitant and a water reducing agent to obtain a mixture B;
(4) And uniformly mixing the mixture B with redispersible latex powder, fibers and an organosilicon water repellent to obtain the plastering mortar.
The engineering waste used in the plastering mortar does not need to be dehydrated, namely, the dehydration-free resource utilization of the engineering waste with high water content is provided, the production process is simplified, and the production cost is further reduced. The specific reasons are as follows:
1. when the plastering mortar is used for construction, the plastering mortar is required to have good working performance in order to facilitate the plastering mortar operation, improve the construction efficiency and ensure the construction quality, namely, the plastering mortar is required to have a larger consistency, so that more water is required to be added when the plastering mortar is stirred. The engineering waste soil with high water content, such as shield slag soil (the water content of the shield slag soil can reach 80 percent at the highest), is in a soft plastic or plastic flowing state, has certain fluidity, and can meet the construction requirement without adding water or a small amount of water, so that the dehydration treatment is not needed.
2. The invention adopts blast furnace slag, fly ash and industrial by-product gypsum to synergistically modify engineering waste soil, and proper alkaline excitant is added to fully excite the activity of raw materials, so that the aluminosilicate glass body network structure is depolymerized and polycondensed to form a stable three-dimensional macromolecular structure, and all the raw materials are tightly combined together through chemical and physical actions, so that the obtained plastering mortar has higher mechanical strength, better durability and cracking resistance, can obtain better comprehensive performance under the condition of higher water-cement ratio, and has lower production cost because the main raw materials are solid wastes.
The preparation method can be used for preparing the plastering mortar in the embodiment of the first aspect of the application.
In some embodiments, the method of making comprises: firstly, sodium hydroxide is dissolved in water, and then is uniformly mixed with water glass and cooled to room temperature, so as to obtain an alkaline excitant; then, crushing engineering waste soil by a pair roller until the grain diameter is smaller than 4.75mm, and then rolling and mixing the engineering waste soil with blast furnace slag, fly ash and industrial byproduct gypsum in an edge runner mill to obtain a mixture A; then, uniformly mixing the mixture A with graded sand, an alkaline excitant and a water reducing agent to obtain a mixture B; and finally, uniformly mixing the mixture B with redispersible latex powder, fibers and an organosilicon water repellent to obtain the plastering mortar.
The sodium hydroxide is firstly dissolved in water, then is uniformly mixed with the water glass and is cooled to the room temperature, so that the problem that the mixed slurry is locally coagulated and hardened too quickly due to a large amount of heat released when the sodium hydroxide is dissolved in water can be avoided. The engineering waste is crushed until the particle size is smaller than 4.75mm, and the excavated engineering waste usually contains a certain amount of stones, and is crushed by a roller machine, so that the particle size is kept within a reasonable range, the uniformity of the engineering waste particles is improved, and the quality of plastering mortar is guaranteed. On one hand, the broken engineering waste is rolled and mixed with blast furnace slag, fly ash and industrial byproduct gypsum in an edge runner mill, so that the engineering waste is difficult to uniformly mix with other materials due to high viscosity, and the edge runner mill can make forced contact with the materials, thereby being beneficial to uniform mixing of the materials; on the other hand, the wheel mill further pulverizes and refines the material, increases the natural continuous gradation of coarse particles, and damages the aluminosilicate glass network structure in the material through the friction action between particles, thereby improving the activity of the material.
The plastering mortar has simple preparation process and less equipment investment; the multi-source solid waste synergistic modification engineering waste soil is adopted, cement does not need to be doped, and the method has the characteristics of low energy consumption and low carbon emission; the engineering waste soil dehydration-free process is adopted, so that the production process can be simplified, and the production cost is further reduced.
Embodiments of the second aspect of the present application provide an application of the plastering mortar described above or the plastering mortar prepared by the preparation method described above in plastering and facing mortar for building walls.
The plastering mortar has the advantages of good decorative effect, low cost and the like when applied to plastering of building walls and facing mortar, and has certain functions of heat preservation, heat insulation and indoor humidity adjustment.
Examples
The following examples more particularly describe the disclosure of the present application, which are intended as illustrative only, since numerous modifications and variations within the scope of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Unless otherwise indicated, all parts, percentages, and ratios reported in the examples below are by weight, and all reagents used in the examples are commercially available or were obtained synthetically according to conventional methods and can be used directly without further treatment, as well as the instruments used in the examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides plastering mortar which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75 parts of engineering waste soil based on dry weight, 14 parts of blast furnace slag, 6 parts of fly ash, 25 parts of natural sand, 6 parts of phosphogypsum, 5 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion powder, 0.6 part of crop straw fiber, 0.3 part of methyl sodium silicate, 1.5 parts of water reducer and 1.5 parts of alkaline excitant, wherein the alkaline excitant consists of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solution, and the sodium silicate solution is Na 2 O、SiO 2 The contents are 8% and 27% respectively, the modulus of the alkaline activator is 1.2, and the alkali equivalent is 8%.
The preparation method of the plastering mortar comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating the mass of the required NaOH and water glass solution according to formulas (1) and (2) according to the modulus and alkali equivalent of the required alkaline activator:
wherein a is Na in the water glass 2 Mass fraction of O, in percent; b is SiO in water glass 2 Mass fraction of (a) in percent; c is the modulus of the alkaline activator; d is the alkali equivalent of the alkali excitant in percentage; x is the mass of water glass, calculated in parts by weight; y is the mass of NaOH in parts by weight; m is the sum of the mass of blast furnace slag and fly ash, and is calculated in parts by weight.
X=6.9 parts, y=1.4 parts can be calculated by formulas (1) and (2); the mass of the alkaline activator m=x+y gives m=8.3 parts.
S2, dissolving sodium hydroxide in water, uniformly mixing with water glass, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an alkaline excitant;
s3, crushing engineering waste soil until the particle size is smaller than 4.75mm, and then rolling and mixing the engineering waste soil, blast furnace slag, fly ash and phosphogypsum in an edge runner mill to obtain a mixture A;
s4, uniformly mixing the alkaline excitant obtained in the step S2 with the mixture A, graded sand and water reducer obtained in the step S3 to obtain a mixture B;
and S5, uniformly mixing the mixture B obtained in the step S4 with redispersible latex powder, fibers and an organosilicon water repellent to obtain the plastering mortar. And plastering the wall body with the plastering mortar, wherein the appearance of the wall body exposed to the natural environment for 3 months is shown in figure 1. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the plastering mortar layer has a smooth surface, no cracking, alkali returning and other phenomena, is firmly bonded with the matrix, has no falling off phenomenon, has natural and primitive natural colors, and has good decorative effect.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a method ofThe plastering mortar comprises the following components in parts by mass: 70 parts of engineering waste soil based on dry weight, 17 parts of blast furnace slag, 8 parts of fly ash, 30 parts of machine-made sand, 3 parts of citric acid gypsum, 3 parts of ethylene-chloroethylene-vinyl laurate terpolymer emulsion powder, 0.4 part of alkali-resistant glass fiber, 0.3 part of methyl potassium silicate, 1.0 part of water reducer and 1.0 part of alkali-activated agent, wherein the alkali-activated agent consists of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solution, and the sodium silicate solution is Na 2 O、SiO 2 The contents are 8% and 27% respectively, the water glass modulus of the alkali activator is 1.0, and the alkali equivalent is 8%.
The preparation method of the plastering mortar comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out calculation by using the same formula as in the example 1 and carrying out data so as to obtain 7.2 parts by weight of sodium silicate solution, 1.8 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide and 9.0 parts by weight of alkaline activator;
s2, dissolving sodium hydroxide in water, uniformly mixing with water glass, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an alkaline excitant;
s3, crushing engineering waste soil until the particle size is smaller than 4.75mm, and then rolling and mixing the engineering waste soil, blast furnace slag, fly ash and phosphogypsum in an edge runner mill to obtain a mixture A;
s4, uniformly mixing the alkaline excitant obtained in the step S2 with the mixture A, graded sand and water reducer obtained in the step S3 to obtain a mixture B;
s5, uniformly mixing the mixture B obtained in the step S4 with redispersible latex powder, fiber and organosilicon water repellent to obtain the plastering mortar
Example 3
The embodiment provides plastering mortar which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 75 parts of engineering waste soil based on dry weight, 21 parts of blast furnace slag, 9 parts of fly ash, 25 parts of recycled fine aggregate, 4 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 5 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate-higher fatty acid vinyl ester terpolymer emulsion powder, 0.3 part of polypropylene fiber, 0.3 part of sodium methyl silicate, 1.0 part of water reducer and an alkaline activator, wherein the alkaline activator consists of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solution, and the sodium silicate solution is Na 2 O、SiO 2 Water glass with 8% and 27% alkali excitantModulus was 1.5 and base equivalent was 10%.
The preparation method of the plastering mortar comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out calculation by using the same formula as in the example 1 and carrying out data so as to obtain 16.1 parts by weight of sodium silicate solution, 2.2 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide and 18.3 parts by weight of alkaline activator;
s2, dissolving sodium hydroxide in water, uniformly mixing with water glass, and cooling to room temperature to obtain an alkaline excitant;
s3, crushing engineering waste soil until the particle size is smaller than 4.75mm, and then rolling and mixing the engineering waste soil, blast furnace slag, fly ash and phosphogypsum in an edge runner mill to obtain a mixture A;
s4, uniformly mixing the alkaline excitant obtained in the step S2 with the mixture A, graded sand and water reducer obtained in the step S3 to obtain a mixture B;
and S5, uniformly mixing the mixture B obtained in the step S4 with redispersible latex powder, fibers and an organosilicon water repellent to obtain the plastering mortar.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a plastering mortar which contains no fiber and no industrial by-product gypsum as compared with example 1, and the other raw materials and preparation methods are the same as in example 1. After the plastering mortar is plastered on a building wall, the appearance of the plastering mortar exposed to the natural environment for 3 months is shown in fig. 2.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the surface of the plastering mortar without the fiber and the industrial byproduct gypsum has more cracks and efflorescence phenomena, which are caused by the following reasons: the engineering spoil has strong water adsorption capacity, and the water is evaporated continuously after plastering construction is completed, so that the substrate is contracted and contraction stress is generated, and more cracks are generated. The rainwater enters the mortar along with the crack, and brings alkaline salt out, and the alkaline salt is crystallized on the surface of the mortar, so that the alkali returning phenomenon is formed.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a plastering mortar which contains no fiber in the raw materials compared with example 1, and the other raw materials and the preparation method are the same as in example 1. After the plastering mortar is plastered on a building wall, the appearance of the plastering mortar exposed to the natural environment for 3 months is shown in fig. 3.
As can be seen from FIG. 3, the plastering mortar without the added fiber has a cracking phenomenon locally, but the number of cracks is far smaller than that of FIG. 2, and no alkali return phenomenon occurs. From this, it is known that the addition of the industrial by-product gypsum can reduce mortar cracking and inhibit the occurrence of alkali return phenomenon, because: the chemical components of the industrial by-product gypsum are CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O reacts with C-A-H to generate an expansive hydration product ettringite, which can fill pores in the hardened body structure and compensate shrinkage of the matrix caused by water evaporation, thereby reducing shrinkage and cracking of mortar.
The performances of the plastering mortars prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were tested with reference to the national current standard "ready-mixed mortar" (GB/T25181-2019), and the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 test results of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2
As shown by the test results, the water retention rate, the compressive strength, the 14d tensile bonding strength, the 28d shrinkage and the frost resistance of the plastering mortar prepared in the embodiments 1-3 all meet the requirements of each strength grade of wet-mixing common plastering mortar in premixed mortar (GB/T25181-2019), and the plastering mortar can be used for plastering inner and outer walls of buildings. The water retention rate and the compressive strength of the plastering mortar prepared in comparative examples 1-2 meet the requirements of wet-mixing common plastering mortar M5.0 in premixed mortar (GB/T25181-2019), but the tensile bonding strength and the freezing resistance of the plastering mortar are obviously reduced due to the large shrinkage rate.
Comparative example 3
In order to analyze the effect of the alkali equivalent of the alkali-activator on the performance of the plastering mortar of the invention, the invention is trueExamples comparative examples of example 1 are provided, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 75 parts of engineering waste soil based on dry weight, 14 parts of blast furnace slag, 6 parts of fly ash, 25 parts of natural sand, 6 parts of phosphogypsum, 5 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion powder, 0.6 part of crop straw fiber, 0.3 part of methyl sodium silicate, 1.5 parts of water reducer and 1.5 parts of alkaline excitant, wherein the alkaline excitant consists of NaOH and water glass solution, and the Na of the water glass solution is as follows 2 O、SiO 2 The contents are 8% and 27% respectively, the modulus of the alkaline activator is 1.2, and the alkali equivalent is 4%, 6%, 8% (i.e. example 1), 10% and 12% respectively. The preparation procedure was the same as in example 1. The performance test of the prepared plastering mortar was carried out according to the ready-mixed mortar (GB/T25181-2019), and the performance test result is shown in FIG. 4.
As is clear from fig. 4, the alkali equivalent of the alkali activator has a large influence on the compressive strength of the plastering mortar, and the compressive strength of the sample is the largest when the alkali equivalent of the alkali activator is 8%, and the compressive strength of the sample is reduced by 17.6%, 4.4%, 2.9% and 10.3% when the alkali equivalent is 4%, 6%, 10% and 12%, respectively, as the alkali equivalent increases. From this, it is found that the compressive strength of the plastering mortar changes slightly when the alkali equivalent of the alkali-activator is 6% to 10%, and the compressive strength drops considerably when the alkali equivalent is less than 6% or more than 10%.
Comparative example 4
For comparative analysis of the effect of the modulus of the alkaline activator on the performance of the plastering mortar of the invention, a comparative example of example 1 is provided, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 75 parts of engineering waste soil based on dry weight, 14 parts of blast furnace slag, 6 parts of fly ash, 25 parts of natural sand, 6 parts of phosphogypsum, 5 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer emulsion powder, 0.6 part of crop straw fiber, 0.3 part of methyl sodium silicate, 1.5 parts of water reducer and 1.5 parts of alkaline excitant, wherein the alkaline excitant consists of NaOH and water glass solution, and the Na of the water glass solution is as follows 2 O、SiO 2 The contents are 8% and 27%, respectively, the alkali equivalent of the alkali activator is 8%, and the moduli are 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 (i.e. example 1), 1.4 and 1.6, respectively. The preparation procedure was the same as in example 1. Plastering sand prepared according to the method of ready-mixed mortar (GB/T25181-2019)The slurries were subjected to performance testing, the results of which are shown in fig. 5.
As is clear from fig. 5, the modulus of the alkali-activator has a large influence on the compressive strength of the plastering mortar, and the modulus tends to increase and decrease with increasing modulus, and the compressive strength of the sample is maximum when the modulus of the alkali-activator is 1.2, and the compressive strength is reduced by 35.3%, 13.2%, 8.8% and 27.9% when the alkali equivalent is 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 and 2.0, respectively. From this, it is found that the compressive strength of the plastering mortar changes to a small extent when the modulus of the alkali-activator is 0.8 to 1.6, and the compressive strength decreases to a significant extent when the modulus is less than 0.8 or more than 1.6.
While the present application has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the present application, and in particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The plastering mortar is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
60-100 parts of engineering waste soil; 5-40 parts of graded sand; 15-35 parts of blast furnace slag; 5-15 parts of fly ash; 1-10 parts of industrial byproduct gypsum; 1-10 parts of redispersible emulsion powder; 0.1-1 part of fiber; 0.1 to 0.5 part of organosilicon water repellent; 0.5 to 3 parts of water reducer, wherein the chemical components of the engineering spoil comprise SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The chemical components of the industrial by-product gypsum comprise CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O; the water reducing agent comprises a mixture of polymethyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid copolymer and one or more of sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate and sodium oxalate; the plastering mortar also comprises an alkaline excitant in parts by weight, wherein the alkaline excitant consists of sodium silicate and NaOH, and M is calculated by the following formulas (1) - (3):
M＝x+y (3)
wherein a is Na in water glass 2 Mass fraction of O, in percent; b is SiO in water glass 2 Mass fraction of (a) in percent; c is the modulus of the alkaline activator; d is the alkali equivalent of the alkali excitant in percentage; x is the mass of water glass, calculated in parts by weight; y is the mass of NaOH in parts by weight; m is the sum of the mass of blast furnace slag and fly ash, and is calculated in parts by weight;
wherein the alkali equivalent of the alkali excitant is 6-10% and the modulus is 0.8-1.6.
2. Plastering mortar according to claim 1, comprising the following components in parts by weight:
60-80 parts of engineering waste soil; 20-40 parts of graded sand; 21-28 parts of blast furnace slag; 9-12 parts of fly ash; 2-5 of industrial byproduct gypsum; 1-5 parts of redispersible emulsion powder; 0.2 to 0.6 portion of fiber; 0.2 to 0.5 portion of organosilicon water repellent; 0.5-2 parts of water reducer.
3. The plastering mortar according to claim 1, wherein the graded sand is one or more of natural sand, machine-made sand and recycled fine aggregate.
4. Plastering mortar according to claim 1, wherein the blast furnace slag is powdery and has a specific surface area of greater than 400m 2 /kg; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the particles with the particle size smaller than 45 mu m in the fly ash account for more than 75 percent.
5. The plastering mortar according to claim 1, wherein the industrial byproduct gypsum is one or more of desulfurized gypsum, phosphogypsum, citric acid gypsum and titanium gypsum; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the redispersible emulsion powder is one or more of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-vinyl chloride-vinyl laurate terpolymer and ethylene-vinyl acetate-higher fatty acid vinyl ester terpolymer.
6. The plastering mortar according to claim 1, wherein the fiber is one or more of crop straw fiber, alkali-resistant glass fiber and polypropylene fiber; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the length of the fibers is not more than 20mm.
7. Plastering mortar according to claim 1, wherein the organosilicon water repellent comprises sodium methyl silicate and/or potassium methyl silicate.
8. Plastering mortar according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the consistency of the plastering mortar is 60-100mm.
9. A method for preparing a plastering mortar as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
(1) Firstly, calculating the mass of a required NaOH and water glass solution according to the alkali equivalent and the modulus of the required alkaline excitant, then completely dissolving sodium hydroxide in water, uniformly mixing the sodium hydroxide with the water glass, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the alkaline excitant;
(2) Crushing engineering waste soil, and then carrying out wheel grinding and mixing with blast furnace slag, fly ash and industrial byproduct gypsum to obtain a mixture A;
(3) Uniformly mixing the mixture A with graded sand, an alkaline excitant and a water reducing agent to obtain a mixture B;
(4) And uniformly mixing the mixture B with redispersible latex powder, fibers and an organosilicon water repellent to obtain the plastering mortar.
10. Use of a plastering mortar according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or a plastering mortar prepared by the preparation method of claim 9 in construction wall plastering and facing mortar.
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