CN103196472B - Based on fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator and the method for random unequal interval sampling - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及光纤光栅的解调技术，具体是一种基于随机非等间隔采样的光纤光栅动态应变解调仪及方法。本发明解决了现有光纤光栅的解调技术解调速度低、解调精度低、使用不方便、使用成本高、以及适用范围窄的问题。基于随机非等间隔采样的光纤光栅动态应变解调仪包括宽带光源、可调谐滤波器、光纤耦合器、隔离器、光纤光栅、标准具、第一光电探测器、第二光电探测器、第一信号放大调理电路、第二信号放大调理电路、多路同步A/D转换器、基于FPGA的解调控制电路、计算机、D/A转换器、以及高压驱动放大电路。本发明适用于光纤光栅传感器。
The invention relates to a fiber grating demodulation technology, in particular to a fiber grating dynamic strain demodulator and method based on random non-equal interval sampling. The invention solves the problems of low demodulation speed, low demodulation precision, inconvenient use, high use cost and narrow application range of the existing fiber grating demodulation technology. The FBG dynamic strain demodulator based on random unequal interval sampling includes a broadband light source, a tunable filter, a fiber coupler, an isolator, a FBG, an etalon, a first photodetector, a second photodetector, a first A signal amplification and conditioning circuit, a second signal amplification and conditioning circuit, a multi-channel synchronous A/D converter, an FPGA-based demodulation control circuit, a computer, a D/A converter, and a high-voltage drive amplification circuit. The invention is suitable for fiber grating sensors.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the demodulation techniques of fiber grating, specifically a kind of fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator based on random unequal interval sampling and method.
Background technology
Extraneous strain signal (as stress signal, strain signal, vibration signal, temperature variation signal etc.) can be converted to the center wavelength variation signal of self reflectance spectrum by fiber grating.Therefore, by suitably being encapsulated by fiber grating, just can be made into fiber-optic grating sensor.Fiber-optic grating sensor has not by the feature such as electromagnetic interference, volume is little, making is simple, wavelength sensitive because of it, is widely used in remote optical sensing and optical communication field.In actual applications, in order to ensure that fiber-optic grating sensor can normally work, demodulation must be carried out to fiber grating.At present, the demodulation techniques of fiber grating are mainly divided into: one, spectral analysis technique.This kind of technology needs to carry out a large amount of mathematical computations, thus low, the measurement that is not suitable for large bandwidth strain signal of its demodulation speed.Two, based on the wavelength-scanning technique of tunable optic filter.This kind technology wavelength resolution is high, measurement range is wide, multiplexing capacity is strong, but its demodulation speed is low, use cost is high, be not suitable for and measure at a high speed with while high-accuracy wide-range dynamic strain signal.Three, boundary filter technology.This kind of technology needs for each fiber grating configures special boundary filter and detector, and thus it uses inconvenience, use cost high.Four, unbalanced M-Z interferometer demodulation techniques.There is Zero drift in main amplifier in this kind of technology, thus it is only applicable to the measurement of dynamic strain signal.Five, intensity modulation type optical fiber grating regulating system.This kind of technology demodulation speed is high, but affects by self nonlinear characteristic, and its demodulation accuracy is low.In sum, the demodulation techniques of existing fiber grating limit due to self principle, and ubiquity demodulation speed is low, demodulation accuracy is low, use is inconvenient, use cost is high and the problem of narrow application range.Be necessary the demodulation techniques of inventing a kind of brand-new fiber grating, the problems referred to above existed with the demodulation techniques solving existing fiber grating for this reason.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, in order to the demodulation techniques demodulation speed solving existing fiber grating is low, demodulation accuracy is low, use is inconvenient, use cost is high and the problem of narrow application range, provides a kind of fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator based on random unequal interval sampling and method.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: based on the fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator of random unequal interval sampling, comprises wideband light source, tunable optic filter, fiber coupler, isolator, fiber grating, etalon, the first photodetector, the second photodetector, the first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit, secondary signal amplify modulate circuit, Multi-path synchronous A/D converter, demodulation control circuit, computing machine, D/A converter and high voltage drive amplification circuit based on FPGA; Wherein, the signal output part of wideband light source is connected with the signal input part of tunable optic filter; The signal output part of tunable optic filter is connected with the signal input part of fiber coupler; The signal output part of fiber coupler is connected with the signal input part of the signal input part of isolator, fiber grating, the signal input part of the first photodetector; The signal output part of isolator is connected with the signal input part of etalon; The signal output part of etalon is connected with the signal input part of the second photodetector; The signal output part of the first photodetector is connected with the signal input part of the first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit; The signal input part that signal output part and the secondary signal of the second photodetector amplify modulate circuit is connected; The signal output part that the signal output part of the first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit, secondary signal amplify modulate circuit is all connected with the signal input part of Multi-path synchronous A/D converter; The signal output part of Multi-path synchronous A/D converter is connected with the signal input part of the demodulation control circuit based on FPGA; Be connected based on the signal input part of signal output part and the Multi-path synchronous A/D converter of the demodulation control circuit of FPGA, the signal input part of computing machine, the signal input part of D/A converter; The signal output part of D/A converter is connected with the signal input part of high voltage drive amplification circuit; The signal output part of high voltage drive amplification circuit is connected with the signal input part of tunable optic filter.
Based on the fiber grating dynamic strain demodulation method (the method completes in the fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator based on random unequal interval sampling of the present invention) of random unequal interval sampling, the method adopts following steps to realize:
A. based on the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of the demodulation control circuit generation scan period random variation of FPGA, and the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of generation is exported to D/A converter; The triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of input is carried out digital-to-analog conversion by D/A converter, and exports the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal after digital-to-analog conversion to high voltage drive amplification circuit; The triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of input amplifies by high voltage drive amplification circuit, and exports the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal after amplifying to tunable optic filter;
B. wideband light source exports broadband light to tunable optic filter; The broadband light of input is converted to the tunable laser of scanning wavelength scope random variation by tunable optic filter according to the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of input, and exports tunable laser to fiber coupler; The tunable laser of input is coupled by fiber coupler, and exports the tunable laser after coupling to fiber grating, exports the tunable laser after coupling to etalon by isolator simultaneously;
C. fiber grating forms reflectance spectrum according to the tunable laser of input; The reflectance spectrum that first photodetector real-time detection is formed, and export the reflectance spectrum detected to first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit; The reflectance spectrum of input is carried out amplification conditioning by the first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit; Meanwhile, etalon forms transmission spectrum according to the tunable laser of input; The transmission spectrum that second photodetector real-time detection is formed, and the transmission spectrum detected is exported to secondary signal amplification modulate circuit; Secondary signal is amplified modulate circuit and the transmission spectrum of input is carried out amplification conditioning;
D. the reflectance spectrum after nursing one's health and transmission spectrum are amplified in the collection of Multi-path synchronous A/D converter real-time synchronization, and the reflectance spectrum collected and transmission spectrum are exported to the demodulation control circuit based on FPGA; Based on the demodulation control circuit real-time resolving reflectance spectrum of FPGA and the peak wavelength position of transmission spectrum, the markd characteristic wavelength position of band is comprised in the peak wavelength position calculation result of transmission spectrum, all export all calculation results in each triangular voltage sweep cycle to computing machine, all calculation results in each triangular voltage sweep cycle comprise the peak wavelength position of scan period, reflectance spectrum and transmission spectrum simultaneously;
E. when fiber grating is subject to extraneous strain signal, the centre wavelength of reflectance spectrum changes, and the centre wavelength of each peak value of transmission spectrum remains unchanged, computing machine is according to the scan period of input, be with markd characteristic wavelength position, the peak wavelength position of reflectance spectrum and transmission spectrum carrys out the variable quantity of the center of each peak value of the peak Relative Transmission spectrum of computational reflect spectrum, and the center wavelength variation signal of reflectance spectrum is gone out according to the variable quantity real-time resolving calculated, then the calibration coefficient of fiber grating is brought into, and go out extraneous strain signal according to the calibration coefficient brought into and the center wavelength variation signal real-time resolving calculated, go out the concrete time of each sensing location according to the scan period of random scanning triangular wave and the centre wavelength location compute of reflectance spectrum simultaneously, original strain signal is gone out again by concrete time and center wavelength variation signals revivification.
In described step a, the slope of the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal produced based on the demodulation control circuit of FPGA remains unchanged, and the scan period of triangular wave high-voltage driven signal is changed by the peak value changing triangular wave high-voltage driven signal, produce the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal that the scan period is Gaussian characteristics random variation thus.
Compared with the demodulation techniques of existing fiber grating, fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator based on random unequal interval sampling of the present invention and method tool have the following advantages: one, compared with spectral analysis technique, fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator based on random unequal interval sampling of the present invention and method are without the need to carrying out a large amount of mathematical computations, thus its demodulation speed is higher, is applicable to the measurement of large bandwidth strain signal completely.Two, compared with the wavelength-scanning technique based on tunable optic filter, of the present invention based on random unequal interval sampling fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator and method demodulation speed higher, use cost is lower, is applicable to measure at a high speed with while high-accuracy wide-range dynamic strain signal completely.Three, compared with boundary filter technology, fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator based on random unequal interval sampling of the present invention and method are without the need to configuring special boundary filter and detector for each fiber grating, thus its use is more convenient, and use cost is lower.Four, compared with unbalanced M-Z interferometer demodulation techniques, there is not zero point drift in the fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator based on random unequal interval sampling of the present invention and method, thus it is not only applicable to the measurement of dynamic strain signal.Five, compared with intensity modulation type optical fiber grating regulating system, the fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator based on random unequal interval sampling of the present invention and method do not affect by nonlinear characteristic, and thus its demodulation accuracy is higher.In sum, the demodulation techniques of existing fiber grating limit due to self principle, and ubiquity demodulation speed is low, demodulation accuracy is low, use is inconvenient, use cost is high and the problem of narrow application range.
The present invention efficiently solves that the demodulation techniques demodulation speed of existing fiber grating is low, demodulation accuracy is low, use is inconvenient, use cost is high and the problem of narrow application range, is applicable to fiber-optic grating sensor.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation based on the fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator of random unequal interval sampling in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the curve synoptic diagram of the transmission spectrum that Plays tool of the present invention is formed.
Fig. 3 is the curve synoptic diagram of the reflectance spectrum that in the present invention, fiber grating is formed.
Fig. 4 is the curve synoptic diagram of the scanning voltage of tunable optic filter in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the curve synoptic diagram of the crest voltage of the scanning voltage of tunable optic filter in the present invention.
Fig. 6 be the centre wavelength of the reflectance spectrum that in the present invention, fiber grating is formed be 20V at 100Hz, peak-to-peak value sinusoidal wave PZT drive singal under time-domain curve schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 be the centre wavelength of the reflectance spectrum that in the present invention, fiber grating is formed be 20V at 100Hz, peak-to-peak value sinusoidal wave PZT drive singal under frequency curve schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 be the centre wavelength of the reflectance spectrum that in the present invention, fiber grating is formed be 10V at 1.9kHz, peak-to-peak value sinusoidal wave PZT drive singal under time-domain curve schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 be the centre wavelength of the reflectance spectrum that in the present invention, fiber grating is formed be 10V at 1.9kHz, peak-to-peak value sinusoidal wave PZT drive singal under frequency curve schematic diagram.
In figure: 1-wideband light source, 2-tunable optic filter, 3-fiber coupler, 4-isolator, 5-fiber grating, 6-etalon, 7-first photodetector, 8-second photodetector, 9-first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit, 10-secondary signal amplifies modulate circuit, 11-Multi-path synchronous A/D converter, 12-based on the demodulation control circuit of FPGA, 13-computing machine, 14-D/A converter, 15-high voltage drive amplification circuit.
Embodiment
Based on the fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator of random unequal interval sampling, comprise wideband light source 1, tunable optic filter 2, fiber coupler 3, isolator 4, fiber grating 5, etalon 6, first photodetector 7, second photodetector 8, first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit 9, secondary signal amplify modulate circuit 10, Multi-path synchronous A/D converter 11, demodulation control circuit 12, computing machine 13, D/A converter 14 and high voltage drive amplification circuit 15 based on FPGA; Wherein, the signal output part of wideband light source 1 is connected with the signal input part of tunable optic filter 2; The signal output part of tunable optic filter 2 is connected with the signal input part of fiber coupler 3; The signal output part of fiber coupler 3 is connected with the signal input part of the signal input part of isolator 4, fiber grating 5, the signal input part of the first photodetector 7; The signal output part of isolator 4 is connected with the signal input part of etalon 6; The signal output part of etalon 6 is connected with the signal input part of the second photodetector 8; The signal output part of the first photodetector 7 is connected with the signal input part of the first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit 9; The signal input part that signal output part and the secondary signal of the second photodetector 8 amplify modulate circuit 10 is connected; The signal output part that the signal output part of the first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit 9, secondary signal amplify modulate circuit 10 is all connected with the signal input part of Multi-path synchronous A/D converter 11; The signal output part of Multi-path synchronous A/D converter 11 is connected with the signal input part of the demodulation control circuit 12 based on FPGA; Be connected based on the signal input part of signal output part and the Multi-path synchronous A/D converter 11 of the demodulation control circuit 12 of FPGA, the signal input part of computing machine 13, the signal input part of D/A converter 14; The signal output part of D/A converter 14 is connected with the signal input part of high voltage drive amplification circuit 15; The signal output part of high voltage drive amplification circuit 15 is connected with the signal input part of tunable optic filter 2.
Based on the fiber grating dynamic strain demodulation method (the method completes in the fiber grating dynamic strain (FBG) demodulator based on random unequal interval sampling of the present invention) of random unequal interval sampling, the method adopts following steps to realize:
A. produce the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of scan period random variation based on the demodulation control circuit 12 of FPGA, and export the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of generation to D/A converter 14; The triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of input is carried out digital-to-analog conversion by D/A converter 14, and exports the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal after digital-to-analog conversion to high voltage drive amplification circuit 15; The triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of input amplifies by high voltage drive amplification circuit 15, and exports the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal after amplifying to tunable optic filter 2;
B. wideband light source 1 exports broadband light to tunable optic filter 2; The broadband light of input is converted to the tunable laser of scanning wavelength scope random variation by tunable optic filter 2 according to the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of input, and exports tunable laser to fiber coupler 3; The tunable laser of input is coupled by fiber coupler 3, and exports the tunable laser after coupling to fiber grating 5, exports the tunable laser after coupling to etalon 6 by isolator 4 simultaneously;
C. fiber grating 5 forms reflectance spectrum according to the tunable laser of input; The reflectance spectrum that first photodetector 7 real-time detection is formed, and export the reflectance spectrum detected to first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit 9; The reflectance spectrum of input is carried out amplification conditioning by the first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit 9; Meanwhile, etalon 6 forms transmission spectrum according to the tunable laser of input; The transmission spectrum that second photodetector 8 real-time detection is formed, and the transmission spectrum detected is exported to secondary signal amplification modulate circuit 10; Secondary signal is amplified modulate circuit 10 and the transmission spectrum of input is carried out amplification conditioning;
D. the reflectance spectrum after nursing one's health and transmission spectrum are amplified in the collection of Multi-path synchronous A/D converter 11 real-time synchronization, and the reflectance spectrum collected and transmission spectrum are exported to the demodulation control circuit 12 based on FPGA; Based on the demodulation control circuit 12 real-time resolving reflectance spectrum of FPGA and the peak wavelength position of transmission spectrum, the markd characteristic wavelength position of band is comprised in the peak wavelength position calculation result of transmission spectrum, all export all calculation results in each triangular voltage sweep cycle to computing machine 13, all calculation results in each triangular voltage sweep cycle comprise the peak wavelength position of scan period, reflectance spectrum and transmission spectrum simultaneously;
E. when fiber grating 5 is subject to extraneous strain signal, the centre wavelength of reflectance spectrum changes, and the centre wavelength of each peak value of transmission spectrum remains unchanged, computing machine 13 is according to the scan period of input, be with markd characteristic wavelength position, the peak wavelength position of reflectance spectrum and transmission spectrum carrys out the variable quantity of the center of each peak value of the peak Relative Transmission spectrum of computational reflect spectrum, and the center wavelength variation signal of reflectance spectrum is gone out according to the variable quantity real-time resolving calculated, then the calibration coefficient of fiber grating 5 is brought into, and go out extraneous strain signal according to the calibration coefficient brought into and the center wavelength variation signal real-time resolving calculated, go out the concrete time of each sensing location according to the scan period of random scanning triangular wave and the centre wavelength location compute of reflectance spectrum simultaneously, original strain signal is gone out again by concrete time and center wavelength variation signals revivification.
In described step a, the slope of the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal produced based on the demodulation control circuit 12 of FPGA remains unchanged, and the scan period of triangular wave high-voltage driven signal is changed by the peak value changing triangular wave high-voltage driven signal, produce the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal that the scan period is Gaussian characteristics random variation thus.
During concrete enforcement, described wideband light source 1 adopts the power light source (band is wider than 40nm, and wavelength coverage is 1520nm ~ 1560nm, and general power is greater than 10mW) with higher gain flatness.The output linewidth of described tunable optic filter 2 is better than 0.01nm, and the wavelength coverage of the narrow-linewidth laser that tunable optic filter 2 exports is 1520nm ~ 1560nm.Described Multi-path synchronous A/D converter 11 adopts multipath high-speed synchronous serial A/D converter.
Claims (2)
1. based on a fiber grating dynamic strain demodulation method for random unequal interval sampling, it is characterized in that: the method adopts following steps to realize:
A. based on the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of demodulation control circuit (12) the generation scan period random variation of FPGA, and the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of generation is exported to D/A converter (14); The triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of input is carried out digital-to-analog conversion by D/A converter (14), and exports the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal after digital-to-analog conversion to high voltage drive amplification circuit (15); The triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of input amplifies by high voltage drive amplification circuit (15), and exports the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal after amplifying to tunable optic filter (2);
B. wideband light source (1) exports broadband light to tunable optic filter (2); The broadband light of input is converted to the tunable laser of scanning wavelength scope random variation by tunable optic filter (2) according to the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal of input, and tunable laser is exported to fiber coupler (3); The tunable laser of input is coupled by fiber coupler (3), and exports the tunable laser after coupling to fiber grating (5), exports the tunable laser after coupling to etalon (6) by isolator (4) simultaneously;
C. fiber grating (5) forms reflectance spectrum according to the tunable laser of input; The reflectance spectrum that first photodetector (7) real-time detection is formed, and export the reflectance spectrum detected to the first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit (9); The reflectance spectrum of input is carried out amplification conditioning by the first signal amplifying and conditioning circuit (9); Meanwhile, etalon (6) forms transmission spectrum according to the tunable laser of input; The transmission spectrum that second photodetector (8) real-time detection is formed, and the transmission spectrum detected is exported to secondary signal amplification modulate circuit (10); Secondary signal is amplified modulate circuit (10) and the transmission spectrum of input is carried out amplification conditioning;
D. the reflectance spectrum after nursing one's health and transmission spectrum are amplified in Multi-path synchronous A/D converter (11) real-time synchronization collection, and the reflectance spectrum collected and transmission spectrum are exported to the demodulation control circuit (12) based on FPGA; Based on demodulation control circuit (12) the real-time resolving reflectance spectrum of FPGA and the peak wavelength position of transmission spectrum, the markd characteristic wavelength position of band is comprised in the peak wavelength position calculation result of transmission spectrum, all export all calculation results in each triangular voltage sweep cycle to computing machine (13), all calculation results in each triangular voltage sweep cycle comprise the peak wavelength position of scan period, reflectance spectrum and transmission spectrum simultaneously;
E., when fiber grating (5) is subject to extraneous strain signal, the centre wavelength of reflectance spectrum changes, and the centre wavelength of each peak value of transmission spectrum remains unchanged, computing machine (13) is according to the scan period of input, be with markd characteristic wavelength position, the peak wavelength position of reflectance spectrum and transmission spectrum carrys out the variable quantity of the center of each peak value of the peak Relative Transmission spectrum of computational reflect spectrum, and the center wavelength variation signal of reflectance spectrum is gone out according to the variable quantity real-time resolving calculated, then the calibration coefficient of fiber grating (5) is brought into, and go out extraneous strain signal according to the calibration coefficient brought into and the center wavelength variation signal real-time resolving calculated, go out the concrete time of each sensing location according to the scan period of random scanning triangular wave and the centre wavelength location compute of reflectance spectrum simultaneously, original strain signal is gone out again by concrete time and center wavelength variation signals revivification.
2. the fiber grating dynamic strain demodulation method based on random unequal interval sampling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step a, the slope of the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal produced based on the demodulation control circuit (12) of FPGA remains unchanged, and the scan period of triangular wave high-voltage driven signal is changed by the peak value changing triangular wave high-voltage driven signal, produce the triangular wave high-voltage driven signal that the scan period is Gaussian characteristics random variation thus.
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| CN105278206B (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2017-12-29 | 武汉理工光科股份有限公司 | The bilateral edge of piezoelectric ceramic tunable wavelength filter intersects demodulation and Nonlinearity Correction Method |
| CN111521206B (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-13 | 武汉智慧地铁科技有限公司 | Wavelength demodulation method for fiber grating edge superposition filtering |
| CN113932838B (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2023-09-19 | 深圳市畅格光电有限公司 | High-precision fiber bragg grating demodulator and demodulation method thereof |
| CN118533211B (en) * | 2024-07-26 | 2024-10-11 | 武汉理工大学 | A large-scale grating array optical fiber sensing method with multi-wavelength pseudo-random multiplexing |
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