CN103192063B - Casting mold for producing high-temperature alloy single crystal blades and directional solidification device thereof - Google Patents
Casting mold for producing high-temperature alloy single crystal blades and directional solidification device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103192063B CN103192063B CN201310110707.3A CN201310110707A CN103192063B CN 103192063 B CN103192063 B CN 103192063B CN 201310110707 A CN201310110707 A CN 201310110707A CN 103192063 B CN103192063 B CN 103192063B
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006664 bond formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002365 multiple layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000715 Mucilage Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a casting mold for producing high-temperature alloy single crystal blades. The casting mold is applied to a directional solidification device. The casting mold is in a cylindrical shape and comprises an inner-layer ceramic shell and an outer filling interlayer, wherein an inner cavity formed by the ceramic shell is used for pouring high temperature alloy melts to form high-temperature alloy castings, and the periphery of the ceramic shell is filled with heat conduction materials and thermal insulation materials alternately through a barrel-shaped hoarding to form a filling entity provided with a plurality of horizontal heat conduction layers and thermal insulation layers through bonding. According to the entity heat conduction casting mold process, pouring and directional solidification can be performed in the existing directional solidification furnace, all sides of blades can be evenly heated, and therefore the severe shadow effect and organizational defects caused by the shadow effect can be eliminated effectively; and the condition that cold and hot areas in the existing device are almost through is changed, closed isolation between hot areas and cold areas is achieved, reduction of heat losses is facilitated, temperature gradients in castings is increased greatly, and the optimal temperature condition for growth of single crystals is formed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the hot investment casting of high-temperature alloy part, specifically for a kind of entity heat conduction casting mold and the device for directionally solidifying thereof of the manufacture of high temperature alloy single crystal blade.
Background technology
In order to improve the performance of aero-engine and industry gas turbine, high-temperature alloy turbine blade need make cylindrulite or single crystal organization by the technique of directional solidification, as shown in Figure 1.First make the ceramic shell mould 3 of high temperature alloy single crystal blade by the method for hot investment casting, be proof strength for this reason, and the general thickness that is thicker, its thickness of ceramic shell mould 3 can reach several centimetres.The heating clamber that ceramic shell mould 3 puts into device for directionally solidifying heats, then the superalloy coupons 4 after fusing is poured in ceramic shell mould 3, slowly decline by self-powered platform 8 enter mold cold house with the speed of setting, cause the directional solidification of the high-temperature alloy casting 5 in ceramic shell mould 3 cooling from bottom to top and ceramic shell mould 3, form cylindrulite or single crystal organization.
The production technology of existing single crystal blade also exists several significant drawbacks:
One be due to ceramic shell mould 3 there is certain thickness, its thermal conductivity is very poor; Particularly the ceramic shell mould 3 of the large-scale blade of heavy combustion engine is thicker, cause in this blade process of setting cool too slow, have impact on product quality.
Two is be the mode heating and cooling of leaning on radiation in device for directionally solidifying, due to the directionality of radiant heat transfer, the side (cloudy side) of blade back to the heater in heating clamber can not get effective heating at hot-zone A, and arrived B(mold cold house, cold-zone) because of the effective cooling that can not get back to the cooling device in mold cold house, curing condition very severe, cause the cloudy side of blade to concentrate and occur defect, be called as shadow effect.
Three is that blade shape is complicated, and changes of section is large, the pull engineering of ceramic shell mould 3 from hot-zone A to cold-zone B in heating clamber, two intervals cannot be effectively isolated, substantially be in breakthrough status, not only cause the serious of heat to scatter and disappear, more cannot set up higher thermograde to ensure the formation of single crystal organization.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: provide a kind of casting mold for the manufacture of high temperature alloy single crystal blade and device for directionally solidifying thereof, can effectively overcome above-mentioned drawback, good hot temperature condition is created in the formation for high temperature alloy single crystal blade.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
For the casting mold that high temperature alloy single crystal blade manufactures, use in device for directionally solidifying, described casting mold is cylindrical, comprises internal layer pottery shell and outside filling interlayer; The internal cavities that described ceramic thin hull shape becomes is for pouring into a mould high temperature alloy melt, forming high-temperature alloy casting, and ceramic shell periphery utilizes barrel-shaped coaming plate, and alternately filling Heat Conduction Material and heat-barrier material, bonding formation have the filling entity of multiple-layer horizontal heat-conducting layer and thermal insulation layer.
The Thickness Ratio of described heat-conducting layer and thermal insulation layer is 8 ~ 11:1.
Described casting mold external diameter is slightly less than the internal diameter of device for directionally solidifying heating clamber base circle thermal insulation board.
Described Heat Conduction Material is graphite or carborundum.
Described heat-barrier material is ceramic size, forms ceramic thermal barrier layer after sintering.
The device for directionally solidifying of the described casting mold for the manufacture of high temperature alloy single crystal blade, comprise heating clamber and mold cold house, described heating clamber and mold cold house be communicate up and down, mutually heat insulation vacuum chamber, be provided with self-powered platform and casting mold in described vacuum cavity, the ceramic shell of casting mold is built with superalloy coupons; Cooling device in described mold cold house is the water collar that corresponding casting mold outer peripheral face is arranged.
The beneficial effect that the present invention produces is:
Entity heat conduction foundry processing of the present invention, effectively can overcome the significant drawbacks that existing production technology also exists, and good hot temperature condition is created in the formation for high temperature alloy single crystal blade.
Solid mold of the present invention can carry out pouring into a mould and directional solidification in existing directional solidification furnace.Heat-conducting layer in casting mold has the fabulous capacity of heat transmission, each side of blade can be made to be subject to heating more uniformly, thus effectively can eliminate the tissue defects of the serious shadow effect of consequence and initiation thereof.Because outside is full of by abundant solid mold, internal layer ceramic case can do very thin, and much smaller than the thickness of common formwork, and the thermal resistance of heat-conducting layer can be ignored, and thus the horizontal thermal resistance of whole casting mold reduces greatly than common formwork.Horizontal thin layers of ceramic in casting mold plays a part thermal insulation layer, makes the heat of hot-zone import metal casting in the horizontal direction, derives vertically downward in foundry goods, instead of directly passes to cold-zone from casting mold.Greatly can improve the thermograde of vertical direction in foundry goods like this.
The column type profile of entity heat conduction casting mold of the present invention and the thermal insulation board of annular can be formed and be close to gapless coupling.Changing situation almost completely through between cold and hot district in current device, making the heat of hot-zone almost by scattering and disappearing under radiation direction, effectively completely cutting off between hot-zone and cold-zone cannot be achieved.Horizontal ceramic thermal barrier layer in casting mold block heat vertical under pass.These are all conducive to reducing heat loss, the more important thing is and can greatly improve thermograde in foundry goods, form the best hot temperature condition of crystal growth.
The water collar matched with the column type profile of heat conduction casting mold is adopted for the cooling device in mold cold house in the device for directionally solidifying of entity heat conduction casting mold particular design of the present invention, be very suitable for the cooling of entity heat conduction casting mold of the present invention, be beneficial to the formation of high temperature alloy single crystal blade.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the directional solidification processes schematic diagram of existing high temperature alloy single crystal blade;
Fig. 2 is that entity heat conduction casting mold of the present invention makes schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is entity heat conduction casting mold directional solidification schematic diagram;
Number in the figure represents: 1, heater, 2, heat-insulation layer, 3, ceramic shell mould, 4, high temperature alloy melt, 5, high-temperature alloy casting, 6, annular heat plate, 7, water collar, 8, self-powered platform, 9, depositing funnel, 10, blade wax mould, 11, ceramic shell, 12, heat-conducting layer, 13, barrel-shaped coaming plate, 14, thermal insulation layer, A, hot-zone, B, cold-zone.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in figures 2-3, the present invention is a kind of casting mold manufactured for high temperature alloy single crystal blade, use in device for directionally solidifying, casting mold is column type entity, and the external diameter of entity heat conduction casting mold is slightly less than the internal diameter of the annular heat plate 6 of plug for outlet side bottom device for directionally solidifying heating clamber.
Casting mold is cylindrical, comprises internal layer pottery shell 11 and outside filling interlayer.Concrete: the internal cavities that ceramic shell 11 is formed is for pouring into a mould high temperature alloy melt 4, forming high-temperature alloy casting 5.Pottery shell 11 periphery utilizes barrel-shaped coaming plate 13, and alternately filling Heat Conduction Material and heat-barrier material, bonding formation have the filling entity of multiple-layer horizontal heat-conducting layer 12 and thermal insulation layer 14.After filling entity sclerosis, remove barrel-shaped coaming plate 13, drying, dewaxing and roasting are carried out to casting mold.
In this detailed description of the invention, heat-conducting layer 12 is about 8 ~ 11:1 with the Thickness Ratio of thermal insulation layer 14, and wherein preferred Thickness Ratio is 10 to 1.Such as: the thickness of every layer of heat-conducting layer 12 is 10 to 20 millimeters, and the thickness of every layer of thermal insulation layer 14 is 1 to 2 millimeters.Namely fill entity to be mainly made up of heat-conducting layer 12, between heat-conducting layer 12, be provided with the thermal insulation layer 14 that thickness is relatively very thin.Heat Conduction Material is graphite or carborundum.Heat-barrier material is ceramic size, such as the material such as corundum, quartz, forms ceramic thermal barrier layer 14 after sintering.Barrel-shaped coaming plate 13 available metal or plastic or other material are made, should easy assembly and disassembly, have some strength to ensure when filling slurry again indeformable.
Design like this, be abundant filling entity because ceramic shell 11 is outer, intensity obtains abundant guarantee, and therefore, the ceramic shell 11 in the present invention itself can do very thin, much smaller than the thickness of common ceramic shell mould 3.Because the heat-conducting layer 12 in filling interlayer is obtained by the good conductor material of heat, its thermal resistance can be ignored, and thus the horizontal thermal resistance of whole casting mold reduces greatly than common formwork.Simultaneously, fill horizontally disposed thermal insulation layer 14 in interlayer, the heat of hot-zone A is made to import high-temperature alloy casting 5 in the horizontal direction into, derive vertically downward in high-temperature alloy casting 5, the heat that casting mold is filled in interlayer directly can not pass to cold-zone B in the A of hot-zone, so not only greatly improve the thermograde of vertical direction in high-temperature alloy casting 5, also reduce scattering and disappearing of heat.
The manufacture method that the present invention is used for the casting mold that high temperature alloy single crystal blade manufactures is as follows:
1) by usual method assembling foundry goods innermost layer blade wax mould 10, be used for forming cast shape.
2) use common microcast process to use the method that mucilage drenches sand to make two layers of ceramic shell 11 at the outer surface of blade wax mould 10, form foundry goods smooth surface.
3) ceramic shell 11 is put into the barrel-shaped container (barrel-shaped coaming plate 13) that external diameter is slightly less than heating clamber base circle thermal insulation board 6 internal diameter.
4) alter least-squares Heat Conduction Material (as graphite or silicon carbide slurry) and heat-barrier material (as ceramic size) between ceramic shell 11 and barrel-shaped coaming plate 13, form the cylindrical masses heat conduction casting mold of the sandwich construction of heat-conducting layer 12 formation alternate with thermal insulation layer 14, until reach foundry goods desired height.In this detailed description of the invention, ceramic sand slurry can add emergy with common shell slurry processed and blend together, and graphite sand slurry can make binding agent with Ludox, and graphite powder makes powder, adds graphite sand and blendes together.Wherein: every layer of slurry has watered will have certain time interval to make slurry hardens.
5) take coaming plate 13 apart, take out entity heat conduction casting mold, carry out after drying dewaxing and burn residual wax.
The present invention is used to be used for the casting mold device for directionally solidifying of high temperature alloy single crystal blade manufacture, comprise heating clamber and mold cold house, heating clamber and mold cold house be communicate up and down, mutually heat insulation vacuum chamber, be provided with self-powered platform 8 and entity heat conduction casting mold of the present invention in this vacuum cavity, the ceramic shell 11 of entity heat conduction casting mold is built with superalloy coupons 4.Cooling device in mold cold house is the water collar 5 that correspondent entity heat conduction casting mold outer peripheral face is arranged, and this water collar 5 is arranged around entity heat conduction casting mold, its internal diameter is slightly larger than the external diameter of entity heat conduction casting mold.
The method that the casting mold using the present invention to be used for the manufacture of high temperature alloy single crystal blade carries out directional solidification is as follows:
1) by usual method, entity heat conduction casting mold of the present invention is arranged on the self-powered platform 8 of device for directionally solidifying, rises up in heating clamber by entity heat conduction casting mold, close fire door, vacuumize, heater 1 heats, and preheating is also incubated roasting entity heat conduction casting mold.
2) superalloy coupons 4 after fusing is poured in the ceramic shell 11 of entity heat conduction casting mold.
3) by self-powered platform 8, ceramic shell mould 3 is dropped to mold cold house with setting speed.
4) superalloy coupons 4 of entity heat conduction casting mold and inside thereof is by cooling device (water collar 5) cooling in mold cold house, and superalloy coupons 4 carries out directional solidification, forms high-temperature alloy casting 5.
5) after high temperature alloy directional solidification process terminates, open after vacuum is put in mold cold house, take out entity heat conduction casting mold and therefrom take out the high-temperature alloy casting 5 after directional solidification.
If need continuous pouring, can install new entity heat conduction casting mold on self-powered platform 8, working cycles is next time carried out in repetition step (1) ~ (5).
Claims (6)
1. for the casting mold that high temperature alloy single crystal blade manufactures, use in device for directionally solidifying, it is characterized in that: described casting mold is cylindrical, comprise internal layer pottery shell and outside filling interlayer; The internal cavities that described ceramic thin hull shape becomes is for pouring into a mould high temperature alloy melt, form high-temperature alloy casting, ceramic shell periphery utilizes barrel-shaped coaming plate, and alternately filling Heat Conduction Material and heat-barrier material, bonding formation have the filling entity of multiple-layer horizontal heat-conducting layer and thermal insulation layer.
2. the casting mold manufactured for high temperature alloy single crystal blade according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the Thickness Ratio of described heat-conducting layer and thermal insulation layer is 8 ~ 11:1.
3. the casting mold manufactured for high temperature alloy single crystal blade according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described column type casting mold external diameter is slightly less than the internal diameter of device for directionally solidifying heating clamber base circle thermal insulation board.
4. the casting mold manufactured for high temperature alloy single crystal blade according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Heat Conduction Material is graphite or carborundum.
5. the casting mold manufactured for high temperature alloy single crystal blade according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heat-barrier material is ceramic size, forms ceramic thermal barrier layer after sintering.
6. there is the device for directionally solidifying of the casting mold for the manufacture of high temperature alloy single crystal blade according to claim 1, comprise heating clamber and mold cold house, described heating clamber and mold cold house be communicate up and down, mutually heat insulation vacuum chamber, it is characterized in that: be provided with self-powered platform and casting mold in described vacuum cavity, the ceramic shell of casting mold is built with superalloy coupons; Cooling device in described mold cold house is the water collar that corresponding casting mold outer peripheral face is arranged.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310110707.3A CN103192063B (en) | 2013-04-01 | 2013-04-01 | Casting mold for producing high-temperature alloy single crystal blades and directional solidification device thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310110707.3A CN103192063B (en) | 2013-04-01 | 2013-04-01 | Casting mold for producing high-temperature alloy single crystal blades and directional solidification device thereof |
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| CN103192063A CN103192063A (en) | 2013-07-10 |
| CN103192063B true CN103192063B (en) | 2015-03-11 |
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Families Citing this family (11)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103736980B (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-10-28 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of method determining casting mold angles in directional solidification casting |
| CN104289674B (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2016-09-14 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Gas turbine cylindrulite guide vane casting method |
| CN105798230A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-07-27 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Wax mould module for casting gas turbine blades and assembling method thereof |
| CN107385513B (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2023-11-10 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Central heating and central cooling device for directional solidification furnace |
| CN108097877A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-06-01 | 江苏大学 | A kind of method for being used to inhibit monocrystal blades from having mixed crystal defects formation |
| CN109371457B (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2021-06-22 | 深圳市万泽中南研究院有限公司 | Directional solidification device and manufacturing equipment for single crystal casting |
| CN109351951B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-12-22 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A process method for reducing loose defects of single crystal blade platform |
| CN110170636A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-27 | 深圳市万泽中南研究院有限公司 | A kind of Casting Equipment improving single crystal blade curing condition |
| CN110315033A (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-10-11 | 深圳市万泽中南研究院有限公司 | Ceramic shell mould and its manufacturing method for casting single crystal blade |
| CN113337878A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-03 | 上海交通大学 | Seeding device for optimizing directional solidification temperature field distribution of single crystal blade and application thereof |
| CN114130994B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-12-19 | 成都航宇超合金技术有限公司 | Device and method for reducing impurity crystal defects at single crystal blade platform |
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| US6896030B2 (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2005-05-24 | Howmet Corporation | Directional solidification method and apparatus |
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| US3754592A (en) * | 1972-02-15 | 1973-08-28 | Gen Motors Corp | Method for producing directionally solidified cast alloy articles |
| CN2808362Y (en) * | 2005-04-29 | 2006-08-23 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Equipment for manufacturing oriental-congealing casting pieces |
| CN101934368A (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2011-01-05 | 沈阳铸造研究所 | A cooling plate for liquid metal cooling and directional solidification |
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