CN103149048B - Based on the track vibration isolation multifunction test platform of magnetic converting technique - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rail vibration isolation multifunctional test platform based on magnetorheological technology, which includes a rail vibration simulation generator, a floating plate simulation plane, a magnetorheological vibration isolator, a track bed simulation plane, a displacement sensor, an acceleration sensor, Force sensor, controller, simulated track and magneto-rheological vibration isolator drive power supply, the platform simulates the multi-degree-of-freedom vibration system of the floating plate track by adjusting the connection mode of multiple floating plates and changing the number and position of the vibration isolator support, Use the track simulation vibration generator to drive the floating plate to simulate plane vibration, simulate the multi-directional, multi-main frequency and multi-amplitude operating conditions of the floating plate track vibration, and through the combination of various sensors, vibration isolators, measurement and control and evaluators , after collecting various vibration data, the controller calculates and controls to adjust the damping of the magneto-rheological vibration isolator to reduce the vibration of the overall system of the track platform, and proposes a floating plate track passive vibration isolation and Evaluation technology of magnetorheological semi-active vibration isolation effect.

Description

Multifunctional test platform for rail vibration isolation based on magnetorheological technology

technical field

The invention relates to a track vibration isolation test platform, in particular to a train track vibration isolation multifunctional test platform based on magnetorheological technology.

Background technique

The use of subway as a means of transportation has become an effective means to solve the increasingly serious problem of urban traffic congestion, but the low-frequency vibration and noise generated by the operation of subway trains also have a serious impact on people's work and life. At present, the vibration isolation of the floating slab track structure is the most effective method to reduce the vibration and noise of the subway track. It floats the concrete track bed slab on multiple vibration isolators, and uses the large mass inertia of the floating slab to balance the train running. For dynamic loads, the vibration isolators used are generally divided into two types: rubber springs and steel springs, which are structurally passive vibration isolators, that is, the relevant parameter values cannot be adjusted after production. But in reality, the optimal parameter values of vibration isolators required for different subway sections are not the same, and the optimal parameter values of vibration isolators are also different under different excitation conditions at the same location, and passive vibration isolation The device type floating plate is powerless to the vibration with a frequency lower than about 15Hz. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve vibration isolation and noise reduction of track vibration in a wide low-frequency range with a floating plate using a passive vibration isolator.

At present, the test methods related to subway wheel-rail vibration and vibration isolation research mainly include: on the real floating plate, use an electric motor to drive an eccentric device to generate an exciting force to drive the floating plate to vibrate, and use steel springs as isolation ( shock absorber, but this test device is installed once, the installation position of the vibration source cannot be changed, and the vibration isolator (damper) cannot be replaced. It has a single function and is mainly used to test the impact of track vibration on the environment; or use a Compared with a train track, the vibration generated by the wheel-rail operation is simulated through the vibration excitation equipment under the track, which is mainly used to test the performance of the vehicle; there is also a shock absorber test platform, which is mainly used to test a single isolator/shock absorber Various properties cannot be tested for the entire system of the floating board.

At present, magnetorheological smart materials have been widely used in vehicles, construction, vibration control and other fields. The rheology of magnetorheological fluid and magnetorheological grease can be controlled by a magnetic field, thereby changing the damping value of its device; the elastic property of magnetorheological elastomer can be changed by a magnetic field, thereby changing its stiffness value. Using magnetorheological materials as track vibration isolators, the damping (force) and stiffness of the vibration isolator can be adjusted in real time according to the subway operation conditions and environmental vibration isolation requirements, overcoming the fact that the parameters of passive vibration isolators cannot be adjusted in real time in a wide frequency range Shortcomings. At present, there are still many problems in the floating slab track platform based on magneto-rheological vibration isolators, such as the arrangement of vibration isolators, parameter optimization, and control strategy design. The test operation is very difficult; and the existing test platforms are only for some specific aspects, and the floating plate and the vibration isolator cannot be tested, controlled and evaluated as a whole at the same time.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rail vibration isolation multifunctional test platform and measurement and control evaluation technology based on magnetorheological technology. The platform is mainly composed of a floating plate rail vibration multifunctional simulation platform and a floating plate track isolation multifunctional test control and evaluation Platform composition. Through this platform, corresponding experiments can be conveniently carried out to study parameters optimization scheme, optimal control strategy and method, vibration isolator layout, magnetorheological damping adjustment range and optimal value, etc. It lays the foundation for the application field of track structure vibration control engineering.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is as follows: a track vibration isolation multifunctional test platform based on magnetorheological technology, including track vibration simulation generator, floating plate simulation plane, magnetorheological vibration isolator, ballast bed simulation plane, Displacement sensor, acceleration sensor, force sensor, controller, simulated track and magnetorheological vibration isolator drive power supply, wherein the simulated track is fixed above the simulation plane of the floating plate, and several track vibration simulation generators are installed on the simulated track , used to simulate the vibration of the floating plate caused by rail vibration; several magneto-rheological vibration isolators are installed under the simulated plane of the floating plate to reduce the vibration of the floating plate, and each magneto-rheological vibration isolator A force sensor is set between the lower end and the simulation plane of the ballast bed to test the vibration force; several displacement sensors and acceleration sensors are installed above or below the simulation plane of the floating plate; the controller is respectively connected with the displacement sensor, acceleration sensor, force sensor and The track vibration simulation generator is connected, and the controller is also connected to the magneto-rheological vibration isolator through the drive power supply of the magneto-rheological vibration isolator; the controller simulates the vibration of the floating plate under several working conditions simulated by the test platform Test and control.

The steps of the controller testing and controlling the vibration of the floating plate simulation plane under several working conditions simulated by the test platform include: the controller outputs the excitation force signal to control the track vibration simulation generator to generate vibration, and drives The entire floating plate simulates plane vibration; the displacement sensor, acceleration sensor and force sensor respectively detect vibration displacement, vibration acceleration and the force transmitted from the floating plate simulation plane to the ballast bed simulation plane, and transmit the detected signals to the controller ; The controller calculates each signal to obtain a feedback signal, and then inputs the feedback signal into the drive power supply of the magneto-rheological vibration isolator, and then outputs the excitation current to the magneto-rheological vibration isolator, and the magneto-rheological vibration isolator reduces the Small floating plates simulate the vibration of the plane.

The track vibration isolation multifunctional test platform based on the magnetorheological technology of the present invention can be divided into a floating plate vibration multifunctional simulation platform and a floating plate track vibration isolation multifunctional measurement, control and evaluation platform.

The main functional components of the floating plate orbital vibration multifunctional simulation platform are as follows:

The track vibration simulation generator is one or more variable frequency vibration motors simulating the vibration caused by train wheel rails, so as to provide one or more multi-directional, multi-main frequency and multi-amplitude complex vibration excitation sources for the floating plate simulation plane.

The floating plate simulation plane simulates long and short floating plates by adjusting the length of the floating plate, the installation position and quantity of magneto-rheological vibration isolators, and by changing the number of floating plate simulation planes and changing the installation of simulated rails position (install the simulated straight track in the center, install the simulated curve by the side) and change the installation position of the track vibration simulator (install the simulated straight track in the center on the simulated track, and install the simulated ramp at both ends) to simulate the train running on the curve and straight track The floating plate generated in the case of up and down slopes simulates the complex vibration situation with multiple degrees of freedom in the plane; in the case of multiple floating plates, the excitation effect of the track vibration source can be changed by placing the track vibration simulation generator in different positions Points and excitation sequence (that is, when the controller outputs the excitation force signal, control the vibration sequence of each track vibration simulation generator), simulate the vibration of the train moving load through the floating plate simulation plane.

Replace the magneto-rheological vibration isolator installed on the test platform with a passive vibration isolator or a semi-active vibration isolator, and obtain the vibration isolation performance of the passive vibration isolator or semi-active vibration isolator through the test of the test platform, and also It is convenient to compare the vibration isolation performance of various passive and semi-active vibration isolators.

In the multi-function measurement, control and evaluation platform for vibration isolation of the floating plate track, (displacement, acceleration, force) sensors, vibration isolators, controllers and evaluators are used in combination. Among them, a variety of parameter optimization and control strategy schemes are adopted in the controller. According to the multi-degree-of-freedom system vibration theory and vibration isolation technology, the signals transmitted by each sensor are calculated and processed accordingly, and the multi-magneto-rheological vibration isolation of the track can be obtained. The optimal parameter range and control value of each vibration isolator under the complex wheel-rail excitation of the vibration isolator system; the drive power supply of the magneto-rheological vibration isolator calculates the magnetic current through the control parameter signal corresponding to each supporting point calculated by the controller The driving current of the variable vibration isolator is input to each magneto-rheological vibration isolator to generate the magneto-rheological effect to obtain the corresponding output damping (force) value.

The floating plate track vibration isolation evaluation platform can use the vibration evaluation theory based on the track platform data (displacement, acceleration, force, time, etc.) The vibration isolation and energy consumption effect of the floating slab track system is evaluated, and the vibration isolation effect of various passive vibration isolators and semi-active vibration isolators and the optimal vibration isolation efficiency of the entire floating slab track system under complex excitation are calculated and analyzed.

The beneficial technical effects produced by the technical solution of the present invention are as follows: in the platform, the length of the floating plate, the type and position of the vibration isolator, the position of the excitation source and the action sequence can all be adjusted according to the needs, which can simulate the train running on the curve The multi-directional, multi-main frequency, multi-amplitude complex vibration excitation and the multi-degree-of-freedom complex vibration system of the floating plate track generated under the conditions of straight roads, straight roads and up and down slopes; through various sensors, vibration isolators, measurement and control devices and evaluators The combined application of multiple vibration isolator systems can obtain the best parameter optimization algorithm and control strategy for the track multi-vibration isolator system under complex wheel-rail excitation, and can also make a comparative evaluation of the vibration isolation performance of various vibration isolator systems. Therefore, this platform integrates track passive vibration isolation, semi-active vibration isolation, and track measurement, control and evaluation. It has the advantages of multiple functions, strong compatibility and expandability, and reasonable design. The isolation multifunctional test can provide strong support for improving the advanced vibration isolation platform technology of subway tracks.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the track vibration isolation multifunctional test platform based on magnetorheological technology of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a vibration source simulation;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of train moving load simulation;

Fig. 4 is a structural block diagram of the track vibration isolation measurement, control and evaluation system based on magnetorheological technology in the present invention.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, the track vibration isolation multifunctional test platform based on magnetorheological technology mainly includes a track vibration simulation generator 3, a simulated track 10, a floating plate simulation plane 2, a magnetorheological vibration isolator 8, and a ballast bed simulation plane 1 , a displacement sensor 5, an acceleration sensor 4, a force sensor 9, a controller 6 and a drive power supply 7 for the magneto-rheological vibration isolator. The track vibration simulation generator 3 is installed on the simulated track 10 , and the simulated track 10 , the displacement sensor 5 and the acceleration sensor 4 are installed on the simulated plane 2 of the floating plate. During operation, the track vibration simulation generator 3 drives the entire floating plate simulation plane 2, the acceleration sensor 4 and the displacement sensor 5 to vibrate together to simulate the vibration of the subway floating plate track under various working conditions, the acceleration sensor 4 and the displacement sensor The sensor 5 is used to detect the vibration displacement and vibration acceleration of the floating plate simulation plane 2 . The upper end of the magnetorheological vibration isolator 8 is installed under the simulation plane 2 of the floating plate, and the lower end is connected with the force sensor 9, and the force sensor 9 is fixedly installed on the simulation plane 1 of the ballast bed. During operation, the magnetorheological vibration isolator 8 reduces the vibration of the floating plate simulation plane 2 by changing the damping (force), and the force sensor 9 is used to detect the force transmitted from the floating plate simulation plane 2 to the ballast bed simulation plane 1 .

The magneto-rheological vibration isolator 8 can be installed at multiple positions below the floating plate simulation plane 2, as shown by the dotted line in Fig. type floating plate.

When the magnetorheological vibration isolator 8 is not applied with a driving current, the damping (force) inside the vibration isolator remains unchanged. When a current within a certain range is applied, the vibration isolator generates corresponding damping (force ). Within a certain range, the greater the excitation current, the greater the damping (force) generated, and the magnitude of the damping (force) of the magnetorheological vibration isolator 8 can be controlled by controlling the magnitude of the excitation current. In addition, the magneto-rheological vibration isolator 8 can be replaced by other vibration isolators, and the comparison test of the vibration isolation performance of various passive vibration isolators and semi-active vibration isolators can be carried out.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the track vibration simulator 3 is connected to the simulated track 10 through the mounting screw holes, and the simulated track 10 is connected to the ballast bed simulation plane 1 through the screw holes on the bottom surface. There are several screw holes on the simulation plane 1 of the ballast bed that can be used to install the simulation track 10 for different needs. As shown by the dotted line in the figure, the track vibration simulation generator 3 can have several installation positions on the simulation plane 2 of the floating plate, and Multiple units can be installed. According to the change of the installation position and number of track simulation vibration generators 3, it can provide single-frequency, double-frequency, multi-frequency and multi-amplitude excitation force and vibration with multiple degrees of freedom, and can simulate complex vibration conditions of the track under different working conditions.

As shown in Figure 3, the floating slab simulation plane 2 can be arranged in a straight line to simulate a certain length of floating slab track, by changing the excitation sequence of the track vibration simulation generator on the first to Nth floating slab simulation planes , which can simulate the situation of a subway train passing through a floating plate to study the vibration isolation of a magnetorheological floating plate under a moving load.

As shown in Figure 4, in the multifunctional measurement, control and evaluation platform for track vibration isolation of floating plates, one or more corresponding excitation forces (frequency, phase, and amplitude can be adjusted) are input through the interface 11, and the controller 6 controls The track vibration simulation generator 3 generates a vibration excitation signal, and after the vibration is transmitted to the floating plate simulation plane 2, the entire floating plate simulation plane 2 vibrates, and the displacement sensor 5, the acceleration sensor 4 and the force sensor 9 transmit the corresponding detected signals To the controller 6, the controller 6 calculates the corresponding feedback signal through the internal storage of different parameter optimization algorithms and control strategies. After the signal is input to the drive power supply 8 of the magnetorheological vibration isolator, it outputs the corresponding excitation current and transmits it to the magnetorheological The vibration isolator 7, the magneto-rheological vibration isolator 7 reduces the vibration of the floating plate simulation plane 2 by adjusting the damping. The displacement sensor 5, the acceleration sensor 4 and the force sensor 9 transmit the detected vibration-isolated signals to the controller 6, and the controller 6 analyzes and processes the obtained series of parameters, and displays the corresponding relationship curve on the interface 11 Compare with the data charts before and after vibration isolation, and make corresponding evaluations.

The controller 6 is a multifunctional controller, and there are various parameter optimization algorithms and control strategy programs to choose from. The algorithms used include: mathematical norms, fuzzy calculations, genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization algorithms, and ant colony algorithms. Under different excitation conditions, different vibration isolation effects can be obtained by selecting different parameter optimization algorithms, so as to seek the optimal parameter optimization scheme under the conditions; and can be compared under different excitation conditions The vibration isolation efficiency of different control strategies is to seek the best control method; at the same time, through a series of relationship curves and data charts obtained through analysis and processing, various vibration isolator parameter optimization algorithms and platform vibration isolation are evaluated through relationship curves and data charts The effect of the control method.

On the multi-function measurement, control and evaluation platform for vibration isolation of the floating plate track, under the condition of complex vibration excitation, the force, acceleration and displacement are used as input, and the force transmitted from the floating plate to the ground is minimized, and the intelligent algorithm is used to carry out online The optimal damping range of the magneto-rheological vibration isolator can be obtained by optimizing and matching the parameters, and the optimal control damping value of each magneto-rheological vibration isolator can be obtained under specific excitation conditions.

On the multi-function measurement, control and evaluation platform for track vibration isolation of floating slabs, the same vibration source is used to evaluate the vibration isolation effect of passive vibration isolators and semi-active vibration isolators; under the same vibration source, different optimization Algorithms and control strategies for semi-active vibration isolators are evaluated for vibration isolation.

On the multi-function measurement, control and evaluation platform for track vibration isolation of floating slabs, the same vibration source is used to evaluate the vibration response time and vibration isolation performance (force transmission rate) of the platform based on different structures and different magnetorheological material vibration isolators .

It should be pointed out that the specific embodiments described above can enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention more comprehensively, but do not limit the invention in any way. Therefore, although this specification has described the invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the invention can still be modified or equivalently replaced. The technical solutions and their improvements in the spirit and scope should all be included in the protection scope of the invention patent.

Claims (6)

1. based on the track vibration isolation multifunction test platform of magnetic converting technique, it is characterized in that: comprise track vibration analog generator (3), floating plate simulation plane (2), magnetic rheological isolator (8), railway roadbed simulation plane (1), displacement transducer (5), acceleration transducer (4), force snesor (9), controller (6), analog orbit (10) and magnetic rheological isolator driving power (7), wherein said analog orbit (10) is fixed on floating plate simulation plane (2) top, at several track vibration analog generators (3) of the upper installation of analog orbit (10), several magnetic rheological isolators (8) are installed in described floating plate simulation plane (2) below, simulate between plane (1) arrange force snesor (9) in each magnetic rheological isolator (8) lower end and railway roadbed, above or below floating plate simulation plane (2), several displacement transducers (5) and acceleration transducer (4) are installed,

Described controller (6) is connected with displacement transducer (5), acceleration transducer (4), force snesor (9) and track vibration analog generator (3) respectively, and controller (6) is also connected with magnetic rheological isolator (8) by magnetic rheological isolator driving power (7); The vibration of floating plate simulation plane (2) under the several operating mode that controller (6) is simulated described test platform is tested and controls.

2. according to claim 1 based on the track vibration isolation multifunction test platform of magnetic converting technique, it is characterized in that: the vibration of floating plate simulation plane (2) under the several operating mode that described controller (6) is simulated described test platform is tested and the step that controls comprises: controller (6) exports exciting force signal and controls track vibration analog generator (3) and produce vibration, and drives whole floating plate to simulate plane (2) vibration; Displacement transducer (5), acceleration transducer (4) and force snesor (9) detect vibration displacement respectively, survey vibration acceleration and floating plate simulation plane (2) is delivered to power on railway roadbed simulation plane (1), and by each signal transmission of detecting to controller (6); Controller (6) calculates feedback signal to each signal, after this feedback signal input magnetic rheological isolator driving power (7), export exciting current again to magnetic rheological isolator (8), magnetic rheological isolator (8) reduces the vibration of floating plate simulation plane (2) by damping adjusting.

3. according to claim 1 or 2 based on the track vibration isolation multifunction test platform of magnetic converting technique, it is characterized in that: the several operating mode of described test platform simulation comprises the vibration of floating plate simulation plane (2) of train driving in bend, straight way and climb and fall situation.

4. according to claim 3 based on the track vibration isolation multifunction test platform of magnetic converting technique, it is characterized in that: the quantity that described several operating mode is number by changing floating plate simulation plane (2), arrangement mode and magnetic rheological isolator (8) are installed and position realize.

5. according to claim 2 based on the track vibration isolation multifunction test platform of magnetic converting technique, it is characterized in that: when described controller (6) exports exciting force signal, control the vibration order of each track vibration analog generator (3), simulate train travelling load simulates plane (2) Vibration Condition by floating plate.

6. want the track vibration isolation multifunction test platform based on magnetic converting technique described in 1 or 2 according to right, it is characterized in that: the magnetic rheological isolator that described test platform is installed (8) is replaced by passive vibration isolation device or semi-active vibration-isolating device, is drawn the anti-vibration performance of passive vibration isolation device or semi-active vibration-isolating device by the test of test platform.