CN202021499U - Semi-automatic machine tool vibration isolation device based on magneto-rheological damping technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a semi-active vibration isolation device for machine tools based on magnetorheological damping technology, which comprises a bottom plate (1) and a vibration isolation platform (9); between the bottom plate (1) and the vibration isolation platform (9) A total of four sets of sleeves are fixedly installed on the four corners, and a magnetorheological damper (3) is installed inside each set of sleeves, and a spring (5) is set outside the magnetorheological damper (3); Both (1) and the inner surfaces of the vibration isolation platform (9) are equipped with vibration pickup sensors (8). The utility model has the following advantages: simple structure, easy disassembly and assembly; high stability; fast response speed, wide vibration control range, obvious effect, etc.; The input current is adjusted in real time to achieve the optimal vibration control of the machine tool in the cutting state. The utility model can be widely used in the field of vibration isolation with special requirements on the vibration environment, and is especially suitable for precision and ultra-precision processing machine tools.

Description

Semi-active vibration isolation device for machine tools based on magnetorheological damping technology

technical field

The utility model relates to a vibration isolation device, in particular to a semi-active vibration isolation device for machine tools based on magnetorheological damping technology.

Background technique

For a long time, vibration, temperature and pollution are three important factors affecting the machining accuracy of precision and ultra-precision CNC machine tools, and vibration is the primary factor affecting the dimensional error and repeatability of machine tool machining. Except for parts processing, the vibration of machine tools is basically harmful. The vibration of the machine tool will lead to the reduction of the surface quality and machining accuracy of the machined parts, and the shortening of the tool life, resulting in a decrease in production efficiency; at the same time, it will also cause problems such as loosening of the processing system and premature fatigue damage of the machine tool parts, which will reduce the safety of the processing system. , The reliability is reduced. In addition, the noise generated by vibration has an impact on workers as well as the environment. With the development of modern production technology, the machine tool industry is faced with the requirements of high precision, high speed, high efficiency and diversified materials to be cut, and the requirements for the processing quality of parts are also getting higher and higher. The negative effects of machine tool vibration Therefore, good vibration resistance has become one of the important indicators to measure the performance of modern machine tools. Effective isolation of foundation vibration is a necessary condition for improving the machining accuracy and surface quality of precision machine tools. Because the structure of the passive control device is simple and easy to realize, the vibration isolation of general machine tools mostly adopts the passive control device. However, for precision machine tools, passive control seems to be somewhat inadequate. One is that passive control is difficult to isolate low-frequency vibrations, and the other is that damping reduces vibration isolation efficiency but plays a significant role in reducing resonance amplitude. Passive control cannot solve this contradiction. At present, a single passive vibration isolation technology can no longer meet the needs of precision machining of machine tools. The active vibration reduction system can enable the machine tool to adjust the stiffness and damping in real time under various operating conditions and external excitation input conditions to achieve good vibration control effects. However, due to the complexity, high cost and high energy consumption of the active vibration reduction system , its practicability and wide application are greatly limited. Therefore, it is imperative to study new technologies to solve the deficiencies of passive and active vibration isolation technologies.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a semi-active vibration isolation device for machine tools based on magnetorheological damping technology, which can reduce the interference of vibration generated by external sources on the machine tool, so as to improve the vibration isolation effect and ensure the stable operation of the machine tool , Improve the machining accuracy and service life of precision machine tools.

The technical solution of the utility model: the semi-active vibration isolation device of the machine tool based on the magneto-rheological damping technology of the utility model includes a bottom plate and a vibration isolation platform; four sets of The sleeves are equipped with magneto-rheological dampers in each group of sleeves, and the outer surfaces of the magneto-rheological dampers are covered with springs; vibration pickup sensors are installed on the bottom plate and the inner surface of the vibration isolation platform.

The sleeve includes an upper sleeve and a lower sleeve nested with each other, the upper bottom surface of the upper sleeve is fixedly connected with the vibration isolation platform with bolts, the lower bottom surface of the lower sleeve is fixedly connected with the bottom plate with bolts, and the bottom surface of the lower sleeve is fixedly connected with the bottom plate. There is a step on the cylinder wall; a linear bearing is installed between the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve, and the horizontal direction of the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve is positioned by the linear bearing, and the linear bearing is fixed on the step , the linear bearing is positioned vertically by the steps.

The magneto-rheological damper includes a cylinder, the lower end of the cylinder is threadedly connected with a rear end cover, and the rear end cover is fixed on the lower bottom surface of the lower sleeve; a floating piston is also arranged in the cylinder; at the rear end There is a small spring between the cover and the floating piston, so that the bottom of the magneto-rheological damper forms air compensation; above the floating piston is the piston head, which can move up and down, and the space for the piston head to move up and down is the magneto-rheological damper piston The head stroke chamber, the piston head is wound with enameled wire, that is, the winding coil, the upper end of the piston head is connected with the piston rod through the thread; the upper end of the cylinder is connected with the front end cover, and the front end cover is sleeved on the piston rod through the gland nut, The piston rod is inserted and fixed on the upper sleeve and the vibration isolation platform through a nut.

The outside of the cylinder is covered with a dust jacket.

The upper end of the spring is a free end, and the lower end is a fixed end, and the lower end is welded and fixed to the inner bottom surface of the lower sleeve.

The device also includes a measurement and control system composed of a sensor signal conditioning circuit unit, a signal collector, an ARM controller and a current driver connected in sequence; the other end of the sensor signal conditioning circuit unit is connected to the vibration pickup sensor; the other end of the current driver is connected to the magnetic sensor. rheological damper connection.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

1. Due to the nesting form, the whole device is divided into upper and lower parts, the structure is simple, and it is easy to disassemble;

2. Since the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve are nested and linear bearings are used, the entire device is limited to up and down movement, preventing swinging and instability, and greatly improving the stability of the device;

3. Since the magneto-rheological damper adopted has the property of steplessly adjustable damping force, it has the advantages of high precision output damping force, fast response speed, wide vibration control range and obvious control effect;

4. Since the vibration pickup sensor is used to monitor the vibration of the machine tool in real time during operation, the measurement and control system adjusts the input current of the magneto-rheological damper in real time after analyzing the sampled vibration signal, realizing the feedback control of the vibration of the machine tool, so that The dynamic characteristics of the machine tool during operation meet the requirements of precision cutting;

5. Since the device adopts a platform structure, it is easy to install with machine tool equipment.

Research shows that the machine tool semi-active vibration isolation device of the utility model can improve the machining accuracy of the machine tool by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude. At the same time, the semi-active vibration isolation device has simple structure, reliable operation and low application cost. The vibration pickup sensor and measurement and control system can realize the real-time adjustment of the input current of the magneto-rheological damper through real-time monitoring of the dynamic characteristics of the machine tool, so as to achieve the optimal control of the vibration of the machine tool in the cutting state; The installation and disassembly between the active vibration isolation device and complex electromechanical equipment or other controlled objects is simple. The utility model can be widely used in the field of vibration isolation with special requirements on the vibration environment, and is especially suitable for precision and ultra-precision processing machine tools. Therefore, the semi-active vibration damping device of the machine tool based on the real-time change of the damping of the vibration isolation system through the measurement and control system of the present invention is bound to attract much attention and be widely used.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Accompanying drawing 2 is the enlarged cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the magneto-rheological damper of the present utility model;

Accompanying drawing 3 is the working principle schematic diagram of the utility model.

Detailed ways

Embodiment of the present utility model: as shown in Figure 1, the semi-active vibration isolation device of the machine tool based on the magnetorheological damping technology of the present utility model includes a base plate 1 and a vibration isolation platform 9; between the base plate 1 and the vibration isolation platform 9 A total of four sets of sleeves are fixedly installed on the four corners, and each set of sleeves includes an upper sleeve 6 and a lower sleeve 2 nested in each other, and the upper bottom surface of the upper sleeve 6 is fixedly connected with the vibration isolation platform 9 with bolts. The lower bottom surface of the lower sleeve 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 1 with bolts, and a step is provided on the wall of the lower sleeve 2; a linear bearing 4 is installed between the upper sleeve 6 and the lower sleeve 2, and the upper sleeve and the lower sleeve The horizontal direction of the sleeve is positioned by the linear bearing, and at the same time, the linear bearing is clamped on the step, and the linear bearing is vertically positioned by the step. Magneto-rheological dampers 3 are installed in the sleeves, and the outer surface of the magnetorheological dampers 3 is covered with a spring 5. The lower end of the spring 5 is a fixed end, which is welded and fixed with the inner bottom surface of the lower sleeve 2, and the spring The upper end of 5 is free end, convenient dismounting. Vibration pickup sensors 8 are installed on the inner surfaces of the bottom plate 1 and the vibration isolation platform 9 . The structure of the magneto-rheological damper 3 is as shown in Figure 2, comprising a cylinder 310, the lower end of the cylinder 310 is threadedly connected with a rear end cap 301, and the rear end cap 301 is fixed on the lower bottom surface of the lower sleeve 2; A floating piston 303 is also arranged in the barrel 310; a small spring 302 is arranged between the rear end cover 301 and the floating piston 303 to form air compensation at the bottom of the magnetorheological damper 3; above the floating piston 303 is a piston head 305, A winding coil 304 is wound on the piston head 305, and a piston rod 309 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the piston head 305; 309, the piston rod 309 is inserted and fixed on the upper sleeve 6 and the vibration isolation platform 9 through the nut 7, that is, the piston rod 309 passes through the upper sleeve 6 and the vibration isolation platform 9, and is tightened and fixed with the nut 7. The outer surface of the cylinder 310 is covered with a dust jacket 308 .

As shown in Figure 3, the device also includes a measurement and control system consisting of a sensor signal conditioning unit, a signal collector, an ARM controller and a current driver connected in sequence; the other end of the sensor signal conditioning unit is connected to the vibration pickup sensor 8; the current driver The other end is connected with the magneto-rheological damper 3.

The working principle of the machine tool semi-active vibration isolation device of the present utility model is: the vibration isolation platform 9 is excited by the seismic source to generate vibration, and the vibration pickup sensor 8 converts the vibration signal generated by the external excitation into an electrical signal and inputs it to the sensor signal conditioning unit. The signal conditioning unit denoises and filters the received analog electrical signal to remove useless interference signals; the signal collector performs analog-to-digital conversion on the voltage signal conditioned by the sensor signal conditioning unit, and the converted digital signal is transmitted to the AMR control In the controller, the PID control, fuzzy control and other algorithms embedded in the AMR controller are calculated and processed, and the corresponding control instructions are output, which are converted into analog electrical signals and transmitted to the current driver; the current driver outputs the corresponding magnitude according to the received voltage signal The current is transmitted to the winding coil 304 in the magnetorheological damper 3; under the action of the winding coil 304 current, the winding coil 304, the piston head 305, the cylinder 310 and the magnetorheological fluid construct a magnetic field, and the magnetorheological fluid When flowing in the magnetic field, its damping coefficient changes in real time, and makes the damping force output by the magneto-rheological damper controllable, and finally achieves the purpose of semi-active vibration isolation.

In order to ensure that the vibration isolation platform 9 is always in the horizontal direction, it is necessary to achieve the tightness after installation as much as possible in each design link, the assembly of the lower sleeve 2 and the bottom plate 1 and the assembly of the upper sleeve 6 and the vibration isolation platform 9 The assembly should be as close as possible; in consideration of the relative movement between the upper sleeve 6 and the lower sleeve 2, and at the same time to ensure good tightness, the linear bearing 4 is used to make the lower sleeve 2 While playing the role of vertically guiding the upper sleeve 6, it also minimizes the friction with the upper sleeve 6. The linear bearing 4 enables the upper sleeve 6 to have a large displacement along the vertical direction and can withstand large vibration. The lower end of the spring 5 is welded and fixed to the inner bottom surface of the lower sleeve 2, and the upper end of the spring 5 does not need to be fixed, which is for the convenience of disassembly; the piston rod 309 of the magnetorheological damper 3 passes through the upper sleeve 6 and the vibration isolation platform 9, Tighten with the tightening nut 7, so that the piston head 305 moves up and down with the vibration of the vibration isolation platform, so that the piston head 305 can sense vibration information in real time; the lower end of the magnetorheological damper 3 is fixedly connected with the lower sleeve 2 and the bottom plate 1 through bolts to ensure Perpendicularity and tightness of magnetorheological damper 3. In actual application, the upper end of the vibration isolation platform 9 is fixed with a machine tool, so the vibration isolation platform 9 can be made into a specific structure so as to be fixed with the machine tool.

Claims (6)

1. lathe semi-active vibration-isolating device based on magnetorheological damping technology, it is characterized in that: this device comprises base plate (1) and vibration-isolating platform (9); Be installed with four groups of sleeves altogether on four angles between base plate (1) and the vibration-isolating platform (9), MR damper (3) all is installed in every group of sleeve, the outside of MR damper (3) is set with spring (5); Inner surface at base plate (1) and vibration-isolating platform (9) all is equipped with pick-up sensor (8).

2. the lathe semi-active vibration-isolating device based on magnetorheological damping technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sleeve comprises mutually nested upper bush (6) and lower sleeve (2), the upper bottom surface of upper bush (6) is connected with bolting with vibration-isolating platform (9), the bottom surface of lower sleeve (2) is connected with bolting with base plate (1), and the barrel of lower sleeve (2) is provided with step; Between upper bush (6) and lower sleeve (2) linear bearing (4) is installed, this linear bearing (4) fixes on described step.

3. the lathe semi-active vibration-isolating device based on magnetorheological damping technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described MR damper (3) comprises cylinder barrel (310), by the rear end cap that has been threaded (301), rear end cap (301) is fixed on the bottom surface of lower sleeve (2) in the lower end of cylinder barrel (310); In cylinder barrel (310), also be provided with floating piston (303); Between rear end cap (301) and floating piston (303), be provided with little spring (302); In the top of floating piston (303) is piston head (305), is wound with winding around (304) on the piston head (305), in the upper end of piston head (305) by the piston rod that has been threaded (309); Be connected with drive end bearing bracket (306) in the upper end of cylinder barrel (310), and this drive end bearing bracket (306) is enclosed within on the piston rod (309) by gland nut (307), piston rod (309) interts by nut (7) and is fixed on upper bush (6) and the vibration-isolating platform (9).

4. the lathe semi-active vibration-isolating device based on magnetorheological damping technology according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the outside of described cylinder barrel (310) is with dirt-proof boot (308).

5. the lathe semi-active vibration-isolating device based on magnetorheological damping technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the upper end of described spring (5) is a free end, and the lower end is a stiff end, and the inner bottom surface welding of this lower end and lower sleeve (2) is fixing.

6. the lathe semi-active vibration-isolating device based on magnetorheological damping technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this device also comprises the TT﹠C system of being made up of the sensor signal conditioning unit, signal picker, ARM controller and the current driver that connect successively; The other end of sensor signal conditioning unit is connected with pick-up sensor (8); The other end of current driver is connected with MR damper (3).

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