CN103133494B - Unlockable nut of patch type free beam torsional vibration operating mode - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an unlockable nut in the working mode of torsional vibration of a patch type free beam, which belongs to the field of fasteners and transmission parts connected by thread pairs. It is to conveniently, quickly and flexibly realize the conversion and control of the two working states of self-locking and unlocking between thread pairs. On the outer surface of the nut matrix in its free beam state, there are multiple planes around the circumference direction, and each plane is provided with one or more other exciting telescopic sheets. There is an included angle a between the axes of the nut matrix in the beam state, and the excitation frequency of the other exciting expansion plates is in the ultrasonic frequency range; all other exciting expansion plates on the same circumference can be driven individually or in groups. When driving in groups Their driving phases are all the same. The present invention can change the self-locking working state of the nut base body to the unlocking working state when its exciting type telescopic plate inputs its exciting driving signal, that is, the friction coefficient between the thread pairs is greatly reduced, and the friction between the nut base body and the screw rod can be greatly reduced. The self-locking working state disappears.

Description

Unlockable nut for torsional vibration mode of patch free beam

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of fasteners and transmission parts connected by thread pairs.

Background technique

Fasteners and transmission parts based on thread pairs are widely used in equipment, systems, devices and mechanisms in various industries today. For the thread pair connection pair, there are mainly two working states, which are the thread self-locking state and the non-self-locking state, and the latter can also be called the unlocking state. For the self-locking working state of the thread pair, the thread pair used should generally meet the thread self-locking conditions, that is, the thread lead angle is smaller than the equivalent friction angle between the thread pairs. The main application occasions are fastening of parts, sliding transmission guide rails and Jacks and other aspects of force transmission; for the unlocking working state of the thread pair, that is, satisfying that the thread lift angle is greater than the equivalent friction angle between the thread pairs, it mainly uses the movement and power output of the screwing transmission system between the nut and the screw, which is specifically reflected in The following three aspects, one is to realize the conversion between rotary motion and linear motion, the other is to adjust the mutual position of various parts in the system, and the third is to obtain a larger output thrust with a smaller input torque. At present, for the conversion and control of the two working states of self-locking and unlocking between thread pairs, it is often necessary to use a self-locking nut with self-locking function and a corresponding unlocking mechanism to work together. The self-locking and unlocking state conversion mechanism of the present invention has problems such as complex structure, cumbersome operation, and high production cost, which limits the application occasions of threaded auxiliary fasteners and transmission parts.

Contents of the invention

In order to conveniently, quickly and flexibly realize the conversion and control of the two working states of self-locking and unlocking between thread pairs, the present invention proposes an unlockable nut in the torsional vibration working mode of a patch-type free beam.

The unlockable nut of the patch type free beam torsional vibration working mode is composed of a nut base in a free beam state and a plurality of other exciting type telescopic pieces;

The nut base in the free beam state is a free beam restraint method, and a flange is arranged in the middle of the nut base in the free beam state, and several positioning holes for installation and fixing are processed on the plane of the flange plate; the nut base in the free beam state There are internal threads on the inner surface of the nut base in the free beam state, and a screw is connected to the internal thread of the nut base in the free beam state; on the outer circular surface of the nut base in the free beam state, there are multiple planes around the circumferential direction, each plane There are one or more other exciting expansion sheets, and one plane of each other exciting expansion sheet is connected to the plane, and all other exciting expansion sheets are arranged along the axis direction of the nut base in the free beam state; It is described that the excitation frequency of the other excitation type expansion sheet is in the ultrasonic frequency band; the other excitation type expansion sheet is a piezoelectric expansion sheet, and the driving electrical signal waveform of the piezoelectric expansion sheet can be a sinusoidal alternating current signal or a square waveform alternating current signal. , triangular waveform AC signal or zigzag AC signal; the thread rise angle of the internal thread of the nut matrix in the free beam state is less than the equivalent friction angle between the internal thread and the screw thread pair; There is an included angle a between the axes of the nut matrix in the free beam state, and the adjacent other exciting telescopic sheets in the same lineup are arranged at intervals with the included angle a being a positive angle and a negative angle, and the positive angle and the negative angle are arranged at intervals. The absolute values of the angles are equal and less than 90 degrees, and the number of other exciting expansion pieces driven by both sides of the flange is equal, the relative position is reversely symmetrical, and the driving phase is symmetrical; Excited telescopic sheets can be driven individually or in groups. When driving in groups, their driving phases are the same, and the driving phases of adjacent excited elastic sheets on each plane are the same; the driving frequency of piezoelectric elastic sheets is the same as that of the free beam state. The resonant frequency of the nut matrix coincides with or is close to, so as to excite the nut matrix in the free beam state to be in the state of ultrasonic vibration.

The present invention can change the self-locking working state of the nut base body to the unlocking working state when its exciting expansion plate inputs its driving signal, that is, the friction coefficient between thread pairs is greatly reduced, and the friction between the nut base body and the screw rod can be greatly reduced. The self-locking working state disappears. The invention also has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost and wide application range, and can be used for on-off, positioning and speed control in mechanical transmission systems, expanding the application fields of threaded auxiliary fasteners and transmission parts.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram after screw rod 1-5 is rotatably connected in the unlockable nut of patch type free beam torsional vibration working mode of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure along A-A in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure along B-B in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a top view structural diagram of the unlockable nut in the torsional vibration working mode of the patch type free beam in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a screw 1-5 that is rotatably connected to each plane 1-1 of the present invention after being provided with a plurality of other exciting telescopic sheets 2;

Fig. 6 is a top view structural diagram of the unlockable nut in the torsional vibration working mode of the patch type free beam in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure along C-C direction in Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure along D-D in Fig. 5;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment.

Detailed ways

Specific embodiment one: referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, and Fig. 8 for description, this specific embodiment is composed of a nut matrix 1 in a free beam state, a plurality of pieces of it to activate Type telescopic sheet 2 composition;

The nut base 1 in the free beam state is a free beam restraint method, and the middle part of the nut base 1 in the free beam state is provided with a flange 1-4, and several positioning points for installation and fixing are processed on the plane of the flange 1-4. Holes 1-3; internal threads 1-2 are arranged on the inner circle surface of the nut base 1 in the free beam state, and the internal threads 1-2 of the nut base 1 in the free beam state are rotatably connected with screw rods 1-5 and internal threads 1 The thread lead angle of -2 is smaller than the equivalent friction angle between the internal thread 1-2 and the threaded pair of the screw rod 1-5; on the outer circular surface of the nut base 1 in the free beam state, there are a plurality of planes 1-1 around the circumferential direction , each plane 1-1 is provided with one or more other exciting telescopic sheets 2, and one plane of each other exciting telescopic sheet 2 is connected to the plane 1-1, and all other exciting telescopic sheets 2 They are all arranged along the axial direction of the nut matrix 1 in the free beam state, and there is an included angle a between the expansion and contraction directions of all the other exciting expansion pieces 2 and the axis of the nut matrix 1 in the free beam state, and the adjacent other exciting elements in the same array The type telescopic sheet 2 is arranged at intervals in the form of a positive angle and a negative angle, and the absolute value of the positive angle and the negative angle is equal to and less than 90 degrees, and the joints on both sides of the flange 1-4 The number of the other exciting expansion plates 2 driven is equal, the relative position is antisymmetric and the driving phase is symmetrical and the same; the other exciting frequency of the other exciting expansion plates 2 is in the ultrasonic frequency band; The telescopic sheets 2 can be driven individually or in groups, and their driving phases are the same when they are driven in groups, and the driving phases of the adjacent other exciting telescopic sheets 2 on each plane 1-1 are the same.

Specific embodiment 2: Referring to Fig. 9 for illustration, the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment 1 is that the plurality of planes 1-1 on the nut base 1 in the free beam state are all square, and the other exciting telescopic The sheet 2 is square, and when only one square-type stretchable sheet 2 is arranged on the square plane 1-1, any side of the square-type stretchable sheet 2 is parallel to any side of the square plane 1-1. Other compositions and connections are the same as in the first embodiment.

Specific Embodiment Three: Refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, and Fig. 8 for illustration. Sheet 2 is a piezoelectric stretchable sheet whose driving frequency coincides with or is close to the resonance frequency of the nut matrix 1 in the free beam state, so as to excite the nut matrix 1 in the free beam state to be in an ultrasonic vibration state; the driving electrical signal of the piezoelectric stretchable sheet The waveform can be a sinusoidal alternating current signal, a square alternating current signal, a triangular alternating current signal or a sawtooth alternating current signal. Other components and connections are the same as those in the first embodiment.

Specific Embodiment 4: Refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, and Fig. 8 for illustration. Sheet 2 is a magnetostrictive sheet, photostrictive sheet or thermostrictive sheet. Other compositions and connections are the same as in the first embodiment.

Specific embodiment five: Refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, and Fig. 8 for description. The difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one is that the free beam state The internal threads 1-2 of the nut base 1 and the external threads of the screw rod 1-5 can be trapezoidal threads, triangular threads, rectangular threads, zigzag threads, pipe threads or non-standard threads. Other compositions and connections are the same as in the first embodiment.

Working principle: The unlockable nut in the torsional vibration working mode of the patch free beam mainly excites the unlockable nut to be in a high-frequency (generally greater than 1000Hz) micro-vibration state through its exciting telescopic sheet, which is generated by high-frequency vibration The anti-friction effect reduces the friction coefficient between the unlockable nut and the screw rod, and destroys the self-locking condition between the thread pairs, so that the unlockable nut is in the unlocking working state. The ultrasonic anti-friction effect caused by the micro-amplitude vibration in the ultrasonic frequency (generally greater than 13kHz) is one of the anti-friction effects of high-frequency vibration. The application of one or both of the contact surfaces is in a state of ultrasonic vibration, resulting in a reduction in the friction coefficient between the contact surfaces. At present, this phenomenon has been confirmed by a large number of experimental studies. The present invention mainly uses the anti-friction generated by high-frequency vibration The principle of effect works.

The unlockable nut in the patch free beam torsional vibration working mode mainly uses the mth order (m is a positive integer) torsional vibration mode Tm of the unlockable nut around the axis to work. When the unlockable nut is in the Tm torsional vibration mode, it exhibits m-order torsional vibration deformation around the axis.

Claims (4)

1. SMD free beam torsional vibration mode of operation can Unlockable nut, it is made up of the basal body of nut (1) of free beam state, multi-disc independent-excited stretchable sheet (2);

The basal body of nut (1) of free beam state is free beam the way of restraint, basal body of nut (1) middle part of free beam state is provided with a flange plate (1-4), the plane of flange plate (1-4) is processed with several for installing fixing positioning hole (1-3), the inner headed face of the basal body of nut (1) of free beam state is provided with internal thread (1-2), be rotatably connected in the internal thread (1-2) of the basal body of nut (1) of free beam state screw rod (1-5), on the periphery of the basal body of nut (1) of free beam state, circumferentially direction is provided with multiple plane (1-1), each plane (1-1) is provided with one or more pieces independent-excited stretchable sheets (2), and a plane of every sheet independent-excited stretchable sheet (2) is all connected with plane (1-1), all independent-excited stretchable sheets (2) all arrange along the axial direction of the basal body of nut (1) of free beam state, its sharp frequency of described independent-excited stretchable sheet (2) is in supersonic band, described independent-excited stretchable sheet (2) is piezoelectricity stretchable sheet, and the driving electric signal waveform of piezoelectricity stretchable sheet can be sinusoidal waveform ac signal, square waveform ac signal, triangular waveform ac signal or zigzag fashion ac signal, it is characterized in that the lead angle of the internal thread (1-2) of the basal body of nut (1) of free beam state is less than the equivalent friction angle between internal thread (1-2) and screw rod (1-5) connecting thread pair, angle a is had between the axis of the telescopic direction of all independent-excited stretchable sheets (2) and the basal body of nut (1) of free beam state, and same line up in adjacent independent-excited stretchable sheet (2) with angle a be positive-angle, the orientation pattern of negative angle is spaced, and make its positive-angle equal with the absolute value of negative angle and be less than 90 degree, the number of the independent-excited stretchable sheet (2) that flange plate (1-4) both sides also will be made jointly to drive is equal, relative position inversion symmetry is all symmetrical identical with driving phase place, same all independent-excited stretchable sheets (2) circumferentially can drive separately or in groups, and when driving in groups, it drives phase place all identical, and the driving phase place of the adjacent independent-excited stretchable sheet (2) in each plane (1-1) is identical, the resonant frequency of the driver frequency of piezoelectricity stretchable sheet and the basal body of nut (1) of free beam state matches or close, excites the basal body of nut of free beam state (1) to be in ultrasonic vibration state with this.

2. SMD free beam torsional vibration mode of operation according to claim 1 can Unlockable nut, it is characterized in that the multiple planes (1-1) in the basal body of nut (1) of described free beam state are all square, described independent-excited stretchable sheet (2) is for square, when square planar (1-1) being only provided with one square independent-excited stretchable sheet (2), any of square independent-excited stretchable sheet (2) is made to be parallel to any of square planar (1-1).

3. SMD free beam torsional vibration mode of operation according to claim 1 can Unlockable nut, it is characterized in that described independent-excited stretchable sheet (2) is magnetostriction sheet, photo-induced telescopic sheet or thermic stretchable sheet.

4. SMD free beam torsional vibration mode of operation according to claim 1 can Unlockable nut, it is characterized in that the internal thread (1-2) of the basal body of nut (1) of described free beam state and the outside thread of screw rod (1-5) can be trapezoidal thread, V thread screw, square threaded form, buttress thread form, pipe thread or nonstandard screw thread.