CN103115056B - Sandwich type nut which can be unlocked for changing operating mode of free beam longitudinal-torsional mode - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an unlockable nut of a sandwich free beam longitudinal torsion mode conversion working mode, which belongs to the field of fasteners and transmission parts connected by thread pairs. It is to conveniently, quickly and flexibly realize the conversion and control of the two working states of self-locking and unlocking between thread pairs. Its piezoelectric telescopic ring is composed of multiple piezoelectric telescopic sheets; the stretching direction of the piezoelectric telescopic sheet is the same as the thickness direction of the piezoelectric telescopic sheet; each ring groove is embedded with a piezoelectric telescopic ring; the free beam There are also multiple deep grooves or multiple columns of small holes on the outer surface of the nut base in the state; all piezoelectric stretchable sheets can be driven individually or in groups, and their driving phases are the same when driven in groups. The present invention can change the self-locking working state of the nut base body to the unlocking working state when the piezoelectric expansion plate inputs the driving signal, that is, the friction coefficient between the thread pairs is greatly reduced, and the self-locking work between the nut base body and the screw rod can be made Status disappears.

Description

Unlockable nut for longitudinal-torsional mode conversion of sandwich free beam

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of fasteners and transmission parts connected by thread pairs.

Background technique

Fasteners and transmission parts based on thread pairs are widely used in equipment, systems, devices and mechanisms in various industries today. For the thread pair connection pair, there are mainly two working states, which are the thread self-locking state and the non-self-locking state, and the latter can also be called the unlocking state. For the self-locking working state of the thread pair, the thread pair used should generally meet the thread self-locking conditions, that is, the thread lead angle is smaller than the equivalent friction angle between the thread pairs. The main application occasions are fastening of parts, sliding transmission guide rails and Jacks and other aspects of force transmission; for the unlocking working state of the thread pair, that is, satisfying that the thread lift angle is greater than the equivalent friction angle between the thread pairs, it mainly uses the movement and power output of the screwing transmission system between the nut and the screw, which is specifically reflected in The following three aspects, one is to realize the conversion between rotary motion and linear motion, the other is to adjust the mutual position of various parts in the system, and the third is to obtain a larger output thrust with a smaller input torque. At present, for the conversion and control of the two working states of self-locking and unlocking between thread pairs, it is often necessary to use a self-locking nut with self-locking function and a corresponding unlocking mechanism to work together. The mechanism of self-locking and unlocking state conversion function has problems such as complex structure, cumbersome operation, and high production cost, which limits the application occasions of threaded auxiliary fasteners and transmission parts.

Contents of the invention

In order to conveniently, quickly and flexibly realize the conversion and control of the two working states of self-locking and unlocking between threaded pairs, the present invention proposes an unlockable nut for a sandwich-type free beam longitudinal torsion mode conversion working mode.

The unlockable nut of the sandwich free beam longitudinal torsion mode conversion working mode is composed of a nut base in a free beam state and a plurality of piezoelectric telescopic rings;

The nut base in the free beam state is a free beam restraint method, and a flange is arranged in the middle of the nut base in the free beam state, and several positioning holes for installation and fixing are processed on the plane of the flange plate; the nut base in the free beam state There are internal threads on the inner surface of the nut base in the free beam state, and a screw is connected to the internal thread of the nut base in the free beam state. There are multiple ring grooves on the outer circumference of the nut base in the free beam state, and they are distributed on the flange. On both sides of the flange, and the number of annular grooves on both sides of the flange is equal; on the outer surface of the nut base in the free beam state, there are many deep grooves or rows of small holes around the circumference; half of the number of Multiple deep grooves or multiple rows of small holes are set between the ring groove on the right side of the flange and the right end face of the nut base in the free beam state; the other half of the multiple deep grooves or multiple rows of small holes are set in the flange. Between the ring groove on the left side of the blue plate and the left end face of the nut matrix in the free beam state; the plurality of deep grooves or rows of small holes are all arranged along the helical line of the outer circular surface of the nut matrix in the free beam state, and the helix The direction of the line is symmetrical to the left and right or opposite to the left and right with respect to the flange; the piezoelectric expansion ring is composed of multiple piezoelectric expansion sheets; all the piezoelectric expansion sheets are in the shape of ring gaskets, and the piezoelectric expansion The expansion and contraction direction is the same as the thickness direction of the piezoelectric expansion sheet, and multiple piezoelectric expansion sheets are superimposed and connected in sequence; it is characterized in that the thread lead angle of the internal thread of the nut base in the free beam state is smaller than the equivalent friction between the internal thread and the screw connection thread pair angle; each annular groove of the nut base in the free beam state is inlaid with a piezoelectric telescopic ring, and the two end faces of the piezoelectric telescopic ring are respectively connected with the two end faces of the ring groove; When driving in groups, the driving phases are the same; the driving frequency of the piezoelectric expansion sheet coincides with or is similar to the resonance frequency of the nut matrix in the free beam state, so as to excite the nut matrix in the free beam state to be in an ultrasonic vibration state; The driving electrical signal waveform of the electro-flexible sheet is a sinusoidal alternating current signal, a square alternating current signal or a triangular alternating current signal.

The present invention can change the self-locking working state of the nut base body to the unlocking working state when the piezoelectric expansion plate inputs the driving signal, that is, the friction coefficient between the thread pairs is greatly reduced, and the self-locking work between the nut base body and the screw rod can be made Status disappears. The invention also has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost and wide application range, and can be used for on-off, positioning and speed control in mechanical transmission systems, expanding the application fields of threaded auxiliary fasteners and transmission parts.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of the screw rod 1-5 that is rotatably connected in the unlockable nut of the sandwich type free beam of the present invention in the longitudinal torsion mode conversion mode;

Fig. 2 is the structure schematic diagram after the expansion and decomposition of the piezoelectric telescopic ring 2 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the piezoelectric expansion sheet 2-1 in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram after a plurality of deep grooves 3 are arranged on the outer circular surface of the nut matrix 1 in the free beam state in Fig. 1;

FIG. 5 is a structural schematic view of the nut base 1 in the free beam state in FIG. 1 after a plurality of rows of small holes 4 are arranged on the outer surface.

Detailed ways

Specific embodiment 1: Referring to Fig. 1 , Fig. 2 , Fig. 3 for illustration, this specific embodiment is composed of a nut matrix 1 in a free beam state and a plurality of piezoelectric telescopic rings 2;

The nut base 1 in the free beam state is a free beam restraint method, and the middle part of the nut base 1 in the free beam state is provided with a flange 1-4, and several positioning points for installation and fixing are processed on the plane of the flange 1-4. Holes 1-3; internal threads 1-2 are arranged on the inner circle surface of the nut base 1 in the free beam state, and the internal threads 1-2 of the nut base 1 in the free beam state are rotatably connected with screw rods 1-5 and internal threads 1 The thread lead angle of -2 is less than the equivalent friction angle between the internal thread 1-2 and the thread pair connected by the screw rod 1-5; a plurality of ring grooves 1-1 are opened on the outer circumference of the nut base 1 in the free beam state, and Distributed on both sides of the flange 1-4, and the number of ring grooves 1-1 on both sides of the flange 1-4 is equal; on the outer circular surface of the nut base 1 in the free beam state, there are also set There are multiple deep grooves 3 or multiple rows of small holes 4; half of the multiple deep grooves 3 or multiple rows of small holes 4 are arranged in the ring groove 1-1 on the right side of the flange 1-4 and the nut in the free beam state Between the right end faces of the substrate 1; the other half of the number of deep grooves 3 or rows of small holes 4 are arranged between the ring groove 1-1 on the left side of the flange 1-4 and the nut substrate 1 in the free beam state Between the left end faces; the plurality of deep grooves 3 or rows of small holes 4 are all set along the outer helix of the nut matrix 1 in the free beam state, and the direction of the helix is 1-4 relative to the flange. The center is left-right symmetrical or left-right reverse symmetrical; the piezoelectric expansion ring 2 is composed of multiple piezoelectric expansion sheets 2-1; all the piezoelectric expansion sheets 2-1 are in the shape of ring gaskets, The expansion and contraction direction of the piezoelectric expansion sheet 2-1 is the same as the thickness direction of the piezoelectric expansion sheet 2-1, and multiple piezoelectric expansion sheets 2-1 are sequentially superimposed and connected; each ring groove 1-1 is embedded with a piezoelectric expansion ring 2, the piezoelectric The two side end faces of the telescopic ring 2 are respectively connected with the two side end faces in the ring groove 1-1; all the piezoelectric stretchable sheets 2-1 can be driven individually or in groups, and their driving phases are the same when driven in groups.

Specific embodiment two: Refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 for description, the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one is that the driving frequency of the piezoelectric stretchable piece 2-1 and the nut matrix 1 in the free beam state The resonant frequency coincides or is similar, so that the nut base 1 in the free beam state is excited to be in an ultrasonic vibration state; the driving electrical signal waveform of the piezoelectric stretchable sheet 2-1 can be a sinusoidal alternating current signal, a square alternating current signal, or a triangular waveform AC signal or sawtooth AC signal. Other compositions and connections are the same as in the first embodiment.

Specific embodiment three: referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 for explanation, the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one is that the internal thread 1-2 of the nut matrix 1 in the free beam state and the screw rod 1-5 The external thread can be trapezoidal thread, triangular thread, rectangular thread, zigzag thread, pipe thread or non-standard thread. Other compositions and connections are the same as in the first embodiment.

Working principle: The unlockable nut in the working mode of longitudinal-torsion mode conversion of the sandwich free beam mainly excites the unlockable nut to be in a high-frequency (generally greater than 1000Hz) micro-vibration state through the piezoelectric expansion sheet 2-1. The anti-friction effect generated by the vibration reduces the friction coefficient between the unlockable nut and the screw rod, and destroys the self-locking condition between the thread pairs, so that the unlockable nut is in the unlocking working state. The ultrasonic anti-friction effect caused by the micro-amplitude vibration in the ultrasonic frequency (generally greater than 13kHz) is one of the anti-friction effects of high-frequency vibration. The application of one or both of the contact surfaces is in a state of ultrasonic vibration, resulting in a reduction in the friction coefficient between the contact surfaces. At present, this phenomenon has been confirmed by a large number of experimental studies. The present invention mainly uses the anti-friction generated by high-frequency vibration The principle of effect works.

The unlockable nut in the sandwich free beam longitudinal-torsional mode conversion mode mainly uses the piezoelectric expansion sheet 2-1 to excite the nut base 1 in the free beam state to generate longitudinal vibration along the axial direction, through the nut base in the free beam state A plurality of deep grooves 3 or rows of small holes 4 provided on 1 are coupled to produce torsional deformation around the axis. The piezoelectric stretchable sheet 2-1 can be replaced with a magnetostrictive sheet, a photostrictive sheet or a thermostrictive sheet.

Claims (2)

1. sandwich type free beam longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A mode of operation can Unlockable nut, it is characterized in that it is made up of the basal body of nut (1) of free beam state, the multiple piezoelectricity annulus (2) that stretches;

The basal body of nut (1) of free beam state is free beam the way of restraint, basal body of nut (1) middle part of free beam state is provided with a flange plate (1-4), the plane of flange plate (1-4) is processed with several for installing fixing positioning hole (1-3); The inner headed face of the basal body of nut (1) of free beam state is provided with internal thread (1-2), be rotatably connected in the internal thread (1-2) of the basal body of nut (1) of free beam state screw rod (1-5), the periphery of the basal body of nut (1) of free beam state circumferentially has multiple annular groove (1-1), and be distributed in the both sides of flange plate (1-4), and the number of flange plate (1-4) both sides annular groove (1-1) is equal; On the periphery of the basal body of nut (1) of free beam state, circumferentially direction is also provided with many deep trouths (3) or multiple row aperture (4); Wherein many deep trouths (3) of half quantity or multiple row aperture (4) are arranged between its right end face of the annular groove (1-1) on flange plate (1-4) right side and the basal body of nut (1) of free beam state; Wherein many deep trouths (3) of second half quantity or multiple row aperture (4) are arranged between the left end face of the annular groove (1-1) in flange plate (1-4) left side and the basal body of nut (1) of free beam state; Described many deep trouths (3) or multiple row aperture (4) are all arranged along the periphery helix of the basal body of nut (1) of free beam state, the direction of its helix or left and right inversion symmetry symmetrical relative to left and right centered by flange plate (1-4); The piezoelectricity annulus (2) that stretches is made up of multi-disc piezoelectricity stretchable sheet (2-1); All piezoelectricity stretchable sheets (2-1) are annulus pad shape, and the telescopic direction of piezoelectricity stretchable sheet (2-1) is identical with the thickness direction of piezoelectricity stretchable sheet (2-1), and multi-disc piezoelectricity stretchable sheet (2-1) superposes connection successively; It is characterized in that the lead angle of the internal thread (1-2) of the basal body of nut (1) of free beam state is less than the equivalent friction angle between internal thread (1-2) and screw rod (1-5) connecting thread pair; Be inlaid with a piezoelectricity in each annular groove (1-1) of the basal body of nut (1) of free beam state to stretch annulus (2), the stretch both sides end face of annulus (2) of piezoelectricity is connected with the both sides end face in annular groove (1-1) respectively; All piezoelectricity stretchable sheets (2-1) drive in groups, and when driving in groups, it drives phase place identical; The resonant frequency of the driver frequency of piezoelectricity stretchable sheet (2-1) and the basal body of nut (1) of free beam state matches or close, excites the basal body of nut of free beam state (1) to be in ultrasonic vibration state with this; The driving electric signal waveform of piezoelectricity stretchable sheet (2-1) is sinusoidal waveform ac signal, square waveform ac signal or triangular waveform ac signal.

2. sandwich type free beam longitrorse MODAL TRANSFORMATION OF A mode of operation according to claim 1 can Unlockable nut, it is characterized in that the internal thread (1-2) of the basal body of nut (1) of described free beam state and the outside thread of screw rod (1-5) can be trapezoidal thread, V thread screw, square threaded form, buttress thread form, pipe thread or nonstandard screw thread.