CN103133232B - Oscillating-buoy wave power device with hinged angle slide bar - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an oscillating buoy wave energy device with a hinged inclined slide bar, which includes an underwater appendage, a float, an energy conversion system, and a slide bar; The rod is connected with the rod end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the rodless end of the hydraulic cylinder is installed on a platform perpendicular to the center line of the hydraulic cylinder in the slide rod, and the center line of the hydraulic cylinder coincides with the center line of the slide rod; The cylinder is connected, the slide rod passes through the central axis of the float through a linear bearing, and the float can slide freely and without resistance on the slide rod; the top of the slide rod is provided with a closing block for closing the inner cavity of the slide rod, and the closing block is on the side facing the float Limiting blocks and anti-collision blocks are respectively provided. The lower end surface of the sliding rod is installed on the universal hinge, and the universal hinge is installed on the underwater appendage. The hydraulic pipe of the hydraulic cylinder passes through the universal hinge along the inner wall of the sliding rod. Connected to the energy conversion system, the energy conversion system is connected with a cable, and the cable directly falls from the underwater appendage to the seabed and leads to the shore.

Description

Oscillating buoy wave energy device with hinged inclined slide bar

technical field

The invention relates to a floating wave energy generating device, in particular to an oscillating buoy wave energy device with hinged oblique sliding rods.

Background technique

Oscillating buoy wave energy devices are usually composed of relatively moving buoys, anchor chains, hydraulic or power generation devices, and use the heave motion of the buoy in the waves to absorb wave energy. The lower device has higher primary conversion efficiency. The existing buoy devices have the following disadvantages that cannot be ignored: the buoy has poor adaptability to waves; the structure is easily damaged; the cable is entangled and damaged; the mooring is complicated, the anchor chain is under a large force;

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the technical problems existing in the prior art and provide a novel floating wave energy generating device.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a wave energy device with oscillating buoys with hinged inclined sliding rods, including underwater appendages and floats. Both are wave absorbers with only buoyancy. The platform attached to the underwater body is equipped with an energy conversion system. A linear bearing is installed on the central axis of the float, and a slide rod with a hydraulic cylinder is included. The slide rod has a smooth surface and friction Small hard hollow rod, the internal structure of the slide rod is specially designed, the space inside the rod is divided into multiple independent and sealed cavities, each cavity is equipped with an inflation and exhaust pipe, and the charging and discharging of the underwater appendage The air pipes are arranged along the inner wall of the rod. By controlling the intake and exhaust volume of each cavity in the slider, the position of the center of gravity and the center of buoyancy of the slider can be adjusted, so that the angle between the slider and the horizontal line is less than 90 degrees. The angle is set to 45 degrees. Under the action of waves, the sliding rod automatically adjusts the angle to match the wave movement; the upper end of the sliding rod is equipped with a gantry frame, and a pull rod is connected to the gantry frame, which extends into the sliding rod and connects with the rod of the hydraulic cylinder. end connection, the rodless end of the hydraulic cylinder is installed on a platform vertical to the center line of the hydraulic cylinder in the slide rod, and the center line of the hydraulic cylinder coincides with the center line of the slide rod to ensure coaxiality; the float is connected to the hydraulic cylinder through a tie rod, The slide bar passes through the central axis of the float through a linear bearing, and the float can slide freely and without resistance on the slide bar; the top of the slide bar is provided with a closing block for closing the inner cavity of the slide bar, and the surface of the slide bar is arranged with a filling and exhaust pipe control valve, which is closed The side of the block facing the float is respectively provided with a limit block and an anti-collision block. The limit block and the anti-collision block prevent the float from moving too much beyond the stroke range of the hydraulic cylinder when the wave height is high. The lower end of the slide rod is installed on the universal On the hinge, the universal hinge is installed on the underwater appendage, and the sliding rod can freely rotate in a 180-degree hemisphere above the underwater appendage with the center of rotation of the universal hinge as the fulcrum, adapting to incoming waves from different directions; the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic cylinder The pipe is connected to the energy conversion system along the inner wall of the sliding rod through the universal joint. The energy conversion system is connected with a cable, and the cable falls directly from the underwater appendage to the seabed and leads to the shore; the hydraulic cylinder can be a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder In order to make the whole stroke meet the demand of the maximum movement stroke of the float, the underwater appendage is equipped with intake and exhaust pipes, and the side is equipped with intake and drainage pipes, which increase the buoyancy through intake and drainage, and reduce the buoyancy through exhaust and water intake, so as to realize the adjustment of the floating state , The buoyancy is the largest during transportation, and the buoyancy is the smallest during operation. It has the function of fixing the sinker, and gradually increases the buoyancy during maintenance and recovery to float the entire device.

The present invention provides another wave energy device with oscillating buoys with hinged oblique sliders, which includes an underwater appendage, a float, an energy conversion system is provided on the platform of the underwater appendage, and a linear bearing is installed on the central axis of the float. It also includes a slide bar, which forms an angle of less than 90 degrees with the horizontal line, and the slide bar passes through the central axis of the float through a linear bearing; the top of the slide bar is provided with a closing block for closing the inner cavity of the slide bar, and the side of the closing block facing the float There are limit blocks and anti-collision blocks on the top respectively; the lower end surface of the slide bar is installed on the universal hinge, and the universal hinge is installed on the underwater appendage; the platform is arranged at the lower end of the slide bar, on the platform, A multi-stage hydraulic cylinder is installed on the side of the slide rod. The bottom end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the platform through a hinge point, and the top of the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder is connected to one side of the float. The tube is connected with the energy conversion system; the energy conversion system is connected with a cable, and the cable directly falls from the underwater appendage to the seabed and leads to the shore.

The invention belongs to a novel floating wave energy generating device. The device adopts a specially designed float, which is made of flexible materials and rigid materials, and the buoyancy of the float is adjusted by controlling the on-off valve. There is a slide rod passing through the middle of the float; the lower end drives the energy conversion device to convert wave energy into electrical energy. There is a universal hinge at the lower part of the slide bar, which is connected with the underwater appendage by adopting the universal hinge. The underwater appendage sinks on the seabed, and is anchored with the ground with anchors and anchor chains around.

Its basic working principle is: under the action of waves, the buoy moves along the slider bar under the constraint of the slider bar. While capturing the wave energy, it drives the slider bar to tilt to the downstream of the wave, realizing the automatic wave energy adjustment function of the device. When the waves come from any direction, they can face the waves with the best posture, avoiding the problems of cable winding and wear caused by the movement of the wave energy device.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) Improving the efficiency of wave energy capture

The conversion efficiency of wave energy devices is the standard to measure the performance of the device and determines the cost of power generation. The advantages of having a slider bottom are:

1. By inhibiting the movement of the vertical slider of the float and increasing the movement of the float along the slider, the efficiency of wave energy capture is improved:

The research shows that under the action of deep water waves, the optimal movement angle of the float under the limitation of the slider is close to 60°; while under the action of limited water depth waves, the optimum movement angle of the float becomes smaller, generally around 45°. The existing wave energy device Power Buoy (Power Buoy) wave energy device restricts the buoy by a slide bar welded together with the underwater appendage, and the angle of the slide bar is often larger than the optimal angle, reaching about 80°. And the slide bar of the device of the present invention is connected with the underwater appendage through the universal joint, and the inclination angle is larger than the slide bar of the power buoy, which can reach the optimum inclination angle.

In addition, the underwater appendage of the present invention is located on the bottom of the sea, and the underwater appendage hardly moves when the float moves, and the float works more effectively on the energy conversion system; while all current floating wave energy devices such as power floats, etc., are due to Floating in water, when the float moves, the underwater appendage also has a certain amount of movement synchronously with the float, so the work done by the float on the energy conversion system is reduced.

2. Automatically face the waves

Waves are generated by the wind and affected by terrain, refraction and diffraction will occur and change direction. Since my country's sea area is in the monsoon region, the wind changes significantly with the seasons. In autumn, winter, and spring, the main wind directions are southeast, east, northeast, and north; in summer, the main wind directions are southwest, south, and southeast. Waves caused by different wind directions also have different directions. Therefore, the wave energy device needs to be suitable for any wave direction, otherwise, the ability of the device to capture wave energy will be reduced, and even the device will be damaged by the wave.

The device of the invention adopts universal hinges to face the waves, and can adapt to different wave directions. Compared with wave energy devices such as Pelamis, Duck, Wave Dragon and Power Buoy, it has the advantages of simple structure, reliability, and easy installation and delivery.

(2) Reliability

1. Prevent the cable from breaking

The power generated by the floating wave energy device is sent ashore through submarine cables. When the device is heaving and moving horizontally in the waves, the cable is often dragged, which may cause the cable to be worn or even broken on the seabed; in addition, the device changes direction when the wave direction changes, which may cause the cable to be entangled by the anchor chain and break . The degree of risk of cable damage depends on the distance the unit has drifted, the angle of change and the distribution of the anchor chains.

Wave energy devices such as Pelamis, Duck, and Wave Dragon adopt a single-point mooring scheme to adapt to different wave directions, so that the wave energy device is centered on the anchor and anchored on the horizontal plane by the anchor chain. The projected length is the radius of circular motion. This type of device moves hundreds of meters when the wind direction changes, and the steering angle can be 360°. In order to avoid excessive moving distance and turning angle, the Bolong device uses a tail anchor, but in this way, it limits the automatic wave-facing ability.

The power buoy (Power Buoy) wave energy device uses 3 anchors and 3 chains for mooring, which can better restrain the horizontal movement of the wave energy device and the steering is very small, which better solves the problem of cables being entangled by anchor chains; its buoy design Round to accommodate waves from all directions. Nevertheless, under wind and waves, the wave energy device still has a moving distance of tens of meters.

The main difference of the present invention is that the energy conversion device of the wave energy device is installed on the underwater appendage, and the underwater appendage is directly located on the seabed and is tightened by an anchor to avoid horizontal movement. The cable of the wave energy device can fall into the seabed without movement along the edge of the underwater appendage to avoid cable wear. The structure also completely avoids cable entanglement, effectively reducing the risk of cable breakage, which is superior to all current floating wave energy devices.

2. Reduce the tension of the anchor chain

The mooring force of the wave energy device mainly comes from the second-order force of the wave. Due to the close frequency, the device will move a lot under the action of the second-order differential frequency wave force, which will easily cause the loose anchor chain to be tightened suddenly, resulting in a large anchor chain force, which is easy to break the anchor chain, or cause walking. anchor.

Because the bottom of the wave energy device of the present invention is located on the seabed, and anchor chains are used to anchor the seabed around it, the response of the device to the second-order wave force is effectively restricted, and the pulling force of the anchor chain caused by the movement of the device is reduced. In terms of anchor chain force Much smaller than existing floating wave energy devices.

3. Reduce structural stress

The sliding rod of the present invention is hinged on the underwater appendage instead of being welded to the underwater appendage, and the bending stress on the sliding rod and the underwater appendage is very small, effectively reducing the structure size.

(3) Putting in recycling and maintenance is simple and feasible

The cost of launching a floating wave energy device is huge, and once it is launched, it is impossible to easily change the status and location of the device. The device has been working in the harsh marine environment for a long time, and maintenance is inevitable. Minor repairs may be carried out under real sea conditions, while major repairs need to be recovered and carried out at the factory or port. The realization of delivery and recovery is a problem that must be considered in the design of wave energy devices, otherwise the construction and maintenance costs will be increased.

The oyster (oyster) wave energy device is a buoyancy pendulum hinged at the lower end. The hinge of the device and its supporting structure must be fixed on the seabed at a water depth of 10-15 meters. Only a small part of the pendulum plate structure that does work is exposed to the sea surface. Putting in and recycling has brought great construction difficulties, and since most of the institutions are below the sea surface, maintenance work is also difficult to carry out.

The dynamic buoy wave energy device is pulled by three anchor chains on its underwater appendage. When recovering, it is more difficult to float up and untie the anchor chains.

The buoyancy of the underwater appendage of the device of the present invention can be adjusted. During transportation, the underwater appendage, columnar slider and float all have self-floating ability, and the device floats on the water surface, which is convenient for dragging and transporting; The gas in the water is released, making it lose its buoyancy and sinking to the bottom of the sea; the anchor structure at the bottom of the underwater appendage will generate a grip and limit its horizontal movement; the weight of the underwater appendage makes it difficult to move upward when the float acts, and the anchor Chains and anchors further enhance its stability; during recovery, by inflating the underwater appendage, draining the water inside, increasing its buoyancy, and making the lower end of the device float up, the simple maintenance of the offshore inspection machine can be carried out; untie the anchor chain, the device can be towed back to the factory or port for a relatively large number of inspections and repairs.

(4) The structure and mooring system are cheaper

The invention adopts a tubular slide rod, a flexible buoy with a steel structure inside, an underwater appendage with a buoyancy chamber, a simple anchor and an anchor chain. On the basis of ensuring the efficient capture and reliability of wave energy, it is also easy to construct. , launch and maintenance and other advantages, low cost and maintenance, with strong market competitiveness.

Compared with the above-mentioned wave energy device, the device of the present invention has a simple structure and only uses ordinary flexible rubber (float) and steel (underwater appendages, sliders). It is low in price, durable, and can survive in the marine environment for a long time. The float is directly connected with the hydraulic conversion system, the energy transfer process is simple, the reliability is high, and the energy loss is low. The device only floats on the sea surface with small size and little impact on the environment. The device mooring system is composed of anchors and anchor chains. It only needs to moor the underwater attachment system on the seabed. There is no special requirement between mooring points. The whole mooring system has simple links, convenient and quick production, and low price.

In a word, compared with other wave energy devices in the past, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The sliding bar constrains the movement trajectory of the float, which improves the capture efficiency of the device; 2. The device has the characteristics of automatic wave alignment and automatic adjustment of floating state, Adapt to waves of different sizes and directions, suitable for working in sea areas with different water depths, and have a long working cycle throughout the year; 3. The submarine cable is drawn out from the symmetrical line of the universal hinge, which avoids the problem of cable entanglement and ensures the safety of power transmission; 4 .The hydraulic cylinder of the device is directly connected to the float, which reduces the intermediate energy transfer process and improves the structural reliability; 5. The mooring system is safe and simple, and the cost is low; 6. It has an underwater appendage with adjustable buoyancy, which is convenient to put in and recover, and easy to maintain The operation is simple and the cost is low.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The content of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Embodiment one:

Please refer to Fig. 1, the wave energy device with oscillating buoy with hinged oblique slide bar includes underwater appendage 12, float 1, and the platform of underwater appendage 12 is provided with energy conversion system 9, on the central axis of float 1 A linear bearing 2 is installed, and a slide bar 4 with a hydraulic cylinder 8 inside is installed. The slide bar 4 forms an angle of less than ninety degrees with the horizontal line. 41 stretches into the slide bar 4 and is connected with the rod end of the hydraulic cylinder 8. The rodless end of the hydraulic cylinder 8 is installed on the platform vertical to the center line of the hydraulic cylinder 8 in the slide bar 4 through the hinge point 15, and the center line of the hydraulic cylinder 8 is perpendicular to the center line of the hydraulic cylinder 8. The center line of the slide bar 4 coincides; the float 1 is connected with the hydraulic cylinder 8 through the tie rod 41, and the slide bar 4 passes through the central axis of the float 1 through the linear bearing 2; the top of the slide bar 4 is provided with a closing block for closing the inner cavity of the slide bar 4 6. The side of the closing block 6 facing the float 1 is provided with a limit block 5 and an anti-collision block 7 respectively, and the lower end surface of the sliding rod 4 is installed on the universal hinge 11, and the universal hinge 11 is installed on the underwater appendage 12 The hydraulic pipe of the hydraulic cylinder 8 is connected to the energy conversion system 9 through the universal hinge 11 along the inner wall of the slide bar 4, and the energy conversion system 9 is connected with a cable 10, and the cable 10 directly falls from the underwater appendage 12 to the The seabed leads to the shore.

Please refer to Fig. 1, the detailed working principle of the device of this embodiment is as follows: Under the action of waves, the float 1 adjusts the floating state with the universal hinge 11 as the fulcrum, and the slide bar 4 as the movement track, along the left bottom-right top direction Do periodic linear reciprocating motion. The float 1 moves upwards at the wave peak, driving the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 8 to move outward, and the hydraulic oil in the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 8 is squeezed outward into the accumulator and enters the energy conversion system 9 for power generation or Do other forms of work; when the float 1 is in the trough, there is no wave force, and it is driven by gravity to move downward, driving the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 8 to reset, and replenishing oil for the rod cavity, so as to do a good job for the float 1 to do work next time Prepare. As the sea area where the device is placed, the sea conditions are more complicated, and the hydraulic cylinder 8 can adopt a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder. If the reciprocating two-way work of the device is required, the connection mode of the hydraulic circuit of the hydraulic cylinder 8 can be changed to realize two-way work, that is, the float 1 does work when it moves up and down. When the incoming wave direction changes, the buoy 1, under the action of the wave force, drives the slide bar 4 to take the universal hinge 11 as the center of rotation, and gradually turns to the position that best captures the wave, and remains at this position until the incoming wave direction changes again. When the wave period or wave height changes, by controlling the buoyancy and gravity of the independent cavity in the slider 4, the angle between the slider 4 and the horizontal line is changed, so that the floating state of the buoy 1 is most suitable for the current wave conditions. The sliding rod 4 is a hard hollow rod with smooth surface and low friction. The internal structure of the sliding rod 4 is specially designed. The space inside the rod is divided into a plurality of mutually independent sealed cavities 43. The air pipe 42 is arranged along the inner wall of the rod together with the inflation and exhaust pipe of the underwater appendage. By controlling the intake and exhaust volume of each cavity 43 in the slide rod, the position of the center of gravity and the center of buoyancy of the slide rod 4 can be adjusted, so that the slide rod 4 Form an angle less than 90 degrees with the horizontal line, usually the angle is set to 45 degrees under the still water floating state, and under the action of waves, the slide bar 4 automatically adjusts the angle to match the wave motion.

When the device of the present invention is released, the exhaust valve and the water inlet valve of the underwater appendage 12 are opened, the air in the underwater appendage 12 is exhausted, it is sunk into the seabed of the designated sea area, and anchored with a sinker. When reclaiming, open the drain valve and the intake valve of the underwater appendage 12, inflate in the underwater appendage 12 cavity, and the device will be entirely surfaced.

The device of the applicant's invention has been tested, and the effect is good. The device of the invention has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, automatic wave control, stable power generation, convenient maintenance, and simple delivery and recovery projects. The device of the invention is expected to become a floating wave energy generator suitable for various sea areas and wave energy device

The successful application and popularization of the invention will generate huge economic and social benefits, and the clean and pollution-free energy provided by it will provide a strong driving force for the sustainable development of human beings.

The device of the invention has the advantages of simple and reasonable structure, low cost, easy deployment and maintenance, high efficiency and reliability, etc., and is suitable for use in sea areas with a water depth of 10 meters to 30 meters and any geological conditions, and is suitable for most sea areas in my country.

Embodiment two:

As shown in FIG. 2 , the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that another linking method is adopted between the float 1 and the hydraulic cylinder 8 , and the working principle is the same as that of the first embodiment. In Fig. 2, a hydraulic cylinder 8 (can be a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder) is installed on the platform 13 and beside the slide bar 4, the bottom end of the hydraulic cylinder 8 is connected with the platform 13 through a hinge point 15, and the top end of the hydraulic cylinder 8 is connected to the float 1 connection, the hydraulic cylinder 8 and the sliding rod 4 are in a parallel position, and the hydraulic cylinder 8 is connected to the energy conversion system 9 through a hydraulic pipe; the energy conversion system 9 is connected to a cable 10, and the cable 10 falls directly from the underwater appendage 12 to the subsea channel. to shore. With the axis of the slide bar 4 as the center, multiple hydraulic cylinders 8 can be symmetrically installed to realize hierarchical control of energy and improve wave energy conversion efficiency.

The above detailed description is a specific description of the feasible embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is not used to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation or change that does not deviate from the present invention should be included in the patent scope of this case. middle.

Claims (2)

1. be with hinged oblique slide bar oscillating floater wave energy apparatus, comprise underwater appendage (12), float (1), the platform of underwater appendage (12) is provided with energy conversion system (9), the medial axis of float (1) is provided with linear bearing (2), it is characterized in that: the slide bar (4) establishing oil hydraulic cylinder (8) in also comprising, angle between slide bar (4) and horizontal line is less than 90 degree, slide bar (4) upper end peripheral hardware portal frame (3), pull bar (41) is connected with in portal frame (3), pull bar (41) stretches in slide bar (4) and is connected with the rod end of oil hydraulic cylinder (8), the rear end of oil hydraulic cylinder (8) is arranged on on the platform in the slide bar (4) of oil hydraulic cylinder (8) central axis, oil hydraulic cylinder (8) center line overlaps with the center line of slide bar (4), described float (1) is connected with oil hydraulic cylinder (8) by pull bar (41), and slide bar (4) is by the medial axis of linear bearing (2) through float (1), slide bar (4) top is provided with the closure bar (6) for closed slide bar (4) inner chamber, closure bar (6) is respectively equipped with limiting stopper (5) and anticollison block (7) in the one side of float (1), the lower end surface of slide bar (4) is arranged in universal hinge (11), and described universal hinge (11) is installed on underwater appendage (12), the hydraulic tube of described oil hydraulic cylinder (8) is along slide bar (4) inwall, be connected in described energy conversion system (9) through universal hinge (11), energy conversion system (9) is connected with cable (10), and cable (10) is directly fallen seabed and led on the bank from underwater appendage (12).

2. be with hinged oblique slide bar oscillating floater wave energy apparatus, comprise underwater appendage (12), float (1), the platform (13) of underwater appendage (12) is provided with energy conversion system (9), the medial axis of float (1) is provided with linear bearing (2), it is characterized in that: also comprise slide bar (4), angle between slide bar (4) and horizontal line is less than 90 degree, and slide bar (4) is by the medial axis of linear bearing (2) through float (1); Slide bar (4) top is provided with the closure bar (6) for closed slide bar (4) inner chamber, and closure bar (6) is respectively equipped with limiting stopper (5) and anticollison block (7) in the one side of float (1); The lower end surface of slide bar (4) is arranged in universal hinge (11), and described universal hinge (11) is installed on underwater appendage (12);

Described platform (13) is arranged at the lower end of slide bar (4), side that is upper at platform (13), slide bar (4) is provided with multistage hydraulic cylinder (8), the bottom of oil hydraulic cylinder (8) is connected with platform (13) by articulating point (15), the top of multistage hydraulic cylinder (8) is connected with float (1) one side, described oil hydraulic cylinder (8) and slide bar (4) are in parallel position, and oil hydraulic cylinder (8) is connected with energy conversion system (9) by hydraulic tube; Energy conversion system (9) is connected with cable (10), and cable (10) is directly fallen seabed and led on the bank from underwater appendage (12).