CN103080202A - 老化稳定的丙烯腈共聚物成型组合物 - Google Patents
老化稳定的丙烯腈共聚物成型组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103080202A CN103080202A CN2011800345092A CN201180034509A CN103080202A CN 103080202 A CN103080202 A CN 103080202A CN 2011800345092 A CN2011800345092 A CN 2011800345092A CN 201180034509 A CN201180034509 A CN 201180034509A CN 103080202 A CN103080202 A CN 103080202A
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Abstract
Description
本发明涉及热塑性成型成分,其包含高光泽度、耐候性(weathering-resi stant)丙烯腈共聚物,更特别用于汽车外部应用。
已知很多种类的稳定的热塑性共聚物成型组合物,可基于它们利于多种应用的性能特征而广泛使用。
例如,US-A-4 877 826公开了接枝EPDM和/或丙烯酸酯橡胶在苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物中的耐候性(weatherable)苯乙烯聚合物混合物(blend),其为烷基乙二醇稳定的。此实施方案缺陷在于初始光泽度低及耐候性低。
US-A-5 580 928公开了马来酸酐-烯烃共聚物和苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物的混合物用于汽车外部领域。此实施方案缺陷在于成型组合物黄化严重且它们的老化稳定性低。
US-A-4,692,486公开了聚丙烯、聚氨酯和聚苯乙烯的稳定剂混合物,其包含了本说明书中式(VI)和(VIII)的化合物,所用各种稳定剂组分的量低于或等于重量比0.1%。
DE-A-103 16 198公开了很多种热塑聚合物中任一种的稳定剂混合物,一个强调的热塑聚合物例子就是聚丙烯。所述稳定剂混合物是三种物质的混合物。对于所述稳定剂混合物三种组分中的每一种,描述了大量可能的化合物种类和具体的化合物。所述多种可能性中的一种稳定剂混合物也包含了本说明书中式(VI)、(VII)和(VIII)化合物。三种稳定剂组分中每种的量基于有机物质的重量比优选为0.05%-1%。此实施方案的缺陷在于在老化过程中发生严重的颜色改变,且光泽度下降。
因此,本发明一个目的是提供改进的基于丙烯腈共聚物的高光泽度成型组合物。
本发明已经发现的新型改进热塑性成型组合物包含:
a)重量比0%-99.7%的一或多种苯乙烯共聚物作为组分A
b)重量比0.1%-10%的式I、II、III、IV和V化合物,或其异构体,作为组分B:
c)重量比0.2%-0.9%的式(VI)化合物作为组分C:
d)重量比0%-0.9%的式(VII)混合物作为组分D:
e)重量比0%-0.5%的式(VIII)化合物作为组分E:
或重量比0%-0.5%的式(IX)化合物:
或重量比0%-0.5%的式(X)化合物:
或重量比0%-0.5%的式(XI)化合物:
f)重量比0%-10%的一或多种添加剂作为组分F,其不同于组分B、C、D和E,且遵照下述条件:
如果组分D的重量比为0%,那么组分E(即化合物VIII、IX、X或XI的一或多种)的重量比为0.01%-0.5%,优选0.1%-0.5%,更优选0.27%-0.5%,各组分重量百分比均基于组分A到F的总重,各组分重量百分比总和为100%。(在本说明书中,重量比和质量比意义等同均为英文“by weight”翻译而来)。
通过选择各个单个组分及其比例,本发明的成型组合物相对于已知的稳定成型组合物,耐候性有进一步改善,即对热、光和/或氧的耐受性有进一步提高。
本发明产品、方法和用途见如下说明。
以构成质量比总计100%的组分A、B、C、D、E和F的总重为基础,本发明成型组合物含如下,
a)质量比77.7%-99.7%,优选80%-99.2%,更优选96.2%-99.2%的组分A
b)质量比0.1%-10%,优选0.1%-5%,更优选0.2%-2%的组分B,
c)质量比0.2%-0.9%,优选0.2%-0.7%,更优选0.2%-0.6%的组分C,
d)质量比0%-0.9%,优选0.2%-0.7%,更优选0.2%-0.4%的组分D,如果组分D占质量比0%(即组分D不存在),则组分E(即,化合物VIII、IX、X或XI)的质量比为0.01%-0.5%,优选0.1%-0.5%,更优选0.2%-0.5%,
e)质量比0%-0.5%,优选0.1%-0.5%,更优选0.2%-0.4%的组分E,和
f)质量比0%-10%,优选0%-8%,更优选0%-5%的组分F。
组分C与组分D的质量比通常介于4∶1-0.25∶1,优选4∶1-1∶1,更优选3∶1-1∶1。
组分D与E的质量比通常介于2∶1-0.5∶1。
组分A:
本发明的热塑性成型组合物包含一或多种丙烯腈共聚物作为组分A。除丙烯腈外,任何所需的合适共聚用单体都可以存在共聚物中。所述共聚物优先是苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物,α-甲基苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物,N-苯基马来酰亚胺-苯乙烯共聚物,或N-苯基马来酰亚胺-苯乙烯-丙烯腈三聚物。
组分A原则上可以使用所有本领域技术人员已知的和在文献中披露的共聚物,如:苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物,α-甲基苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物,N-苯基马来酰亚胺-苯乙烯-丙烯腈三聚物,或其混合物,前提是这些混合物的特性粘度VN小于等于85ml/g(在25℃,以重量比为0.5%的浓度在二甲基甲酰胺溶液中根据DIN 53727进行测量;后文提及的所有特性粘度VN均按照这种测量方法)。
优选组分A合成自:质量比50-90%、优选60-85%、更特别是65-81%的苯乙烯,和质量比10-50%、优选20-40%、更特别是19-35%的丙烯腈,以及质量比0-5%、优选0-4%、更特别是0-3%的其它单体,其中每种的质量百分比值都是基于组分A的质量,其总和为质量比100%。
更优选组分A合成自:质量比50-90%、优选60-80%、更特别是65-78%的α-甲基苯乙烯,和质量比10-50%、优选20-40%、更特别是22-35%的丙烯腈,以及质量比0-5%、优选0-4%、更特别是0-3%的其它单体,其中每种的质量百分比值都是基于组分A的质量,其总和为质量比100%。
同样优先的组分A合成自:质量比50-90%、优选60-80%、更特别是65-78%的N-苯基马来酰亚胺,和分别为质量比10-50%、优选20-40%、更特别是22-35%的苯乙烯和丙烯腈,以及质量比0-5%、优选0-4%、更特别是0-3%的其它单体,其中每种的质量百分比值都是基于组分A的质量,其总和为质量比100%。
同样优先的组分A是这些苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物、α-甲基苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物、N-苯基马来酰亚胺-苯乙烯共聚物、和N-苯基马来酰亚胺-丙烯腈-苯乙烯三聚物的混合物。
如上所述的其它单体,可以是所有可共聚的单体,如对-甲基苯乙烯,叔-丁基苯乙烯,乙烯萘,烷基丙烯酸酯,和/或烷基丙烯酸甲酯,例如有C1-到C8-烷基自由基的那些,N-苯基马来酰亚胺或其混合物。
组分A的共聚物可用已知方法制备。例如,它们可经自由基聚合法制备,更特别经乳液、悬液、溶液或批量聚合法制备。
组分B:
作为组分B,本发明热塑性成型组合物包含一或多种式(I)、(II)、(III)、(IV)和/或(V)的化合物。
这些化合物可以借助协同反应物(co-reagent)丙烯腈与苯乙烯和/或α-甲基苯乙烯的来制备。其制备是本领域技术人员已知的,并记载于文献中(Schellenberg et al.,Makromolekulare Chemie(1992),193,3063-3071)。它们也可从逆向单体/溶剂混合物,通过连续操作的苯乙烯和/或α-甲基苯乙烯的批量/溶液聚合来获得(Schellenberg et al.,Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie(1991),3138,123-134)。
组分C:
用式(VI)化合物作为本发明成型组合物的组分C:
此空间位阻胺(CAS号52829-07-9)及其制备是本领域技术人员已知的,并记载于文献中(参见例如US-A-4 396 769及其引用的参考文献)。它在BASF SE以商品名Tinuvin770销售。
组分D:
用式(VII)混合物作为本发明成型组合物的组分D:
此空间位阻胺(CAS号167078-06-0)及其从2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶醇和硬脂酸和/或棕榈酸制备得来是本领域技术人员已知的,并记载于文献中(Carlsson et al.,Can.Journal ofPolymer Science,Polymer Chemistry Edition(1982),20(2),575-82)。它在CytecIndustries以商品名Cyasorb3853销售。
组分E:
可用式(VIII)化合物作为本发明成型组合物的组分E:
此空间位阻胺(CAS号71878-19-8)及其制备是本领域技术人员已知的,并记载于文献中(参见例如EP-A-93 693及其引用参考文献)。它在BASF SE以商品名Chimassorb944销售。
也可用式(IX)化合物作为本发明成型组合物的组分E:
此空间位阻胺(CAS号101357-37-3)及其制备是本领域技术人员已知的,并记载于文献中(参见例如US-A-5 208 132及其引用参考文献)。它在ADEKA以商品名Adeka StabLA-68销售。
也可用式(X)化合物作为本发明成型组合物的组分E:
此空间位阻胺(CAS号82451-48-7)及其制备是本领域技术人员已知的,并记载于文献中(参见例如US-A-4 331 586及其引用参考文献)。它在Cytec Industries以商品名CyasorbUV-3346销售。
也可用式(XI)化合物作为本发明成型组合物的组分E:
此空间位阻胺(CAS号192268-64-7)及其制备是本领域技术人员已知的,并记载于文献中(参见例如EP-A-782 994及其引用参考文献)。它在BASF以商品名Chimassorb2020销售。
组分F:
除组分A,B,C,D和E外,本发明的成型组合物还可包含一或多种添加剂或助剂,它们通常并常用于塑料混合物中,且不同于组分C,D和E。
这些添加剂和助剂的例子包括如下:染料、颜料、着色剂、防静电剂、抗氧化剂、提高热稳定性、提高光稳定性(light stability)、提高水解耐受性和化学耐受性的稳定剂、抵消热分解的试剂、更特别是润滑剂,其可利于制模或有型物品。这些其它的添加剂可以在制备操作的任何步骤中计量入材料中,但优选在一个较早时间点,从而在较早阶段发挥助剂的稳定效果(或其他特殊作用)。热稳定剂和抗氧化剂通常是来自元素周期表第一族的金属(如锂、钠、钾、铜)的金属卤化物(氯化物、溴化物、碘化物)。
适用作组分F的稳定剂是常用的有空间受阻的酚类,也可采用维生素E,以及结构类似的化合物。另外,二苯甲酮(benzophenones),雷琐辛类(resorcinols),水杨酸盐类,苯并三唑类及其他化合物是合适的。它们的常用量(基于本发明成型组合物总重)通常是质量比0-2%,优选0.01-2%。
合适的润滑剂和脱模剂有硬脂酸、硬脂醇、硬脂酸酯以及通常较长链的脂肪酸,其衍生物,和对应有12-30个碳原子的脂肪酸混合物。如果存在,这些添加剂的量介于质量比0.05-1%(基于本发明成型组合物总重)。
助剂还考虑用硅油(silicone oil)、寡聚异丁烯、或类似物质,如果存在,它们的常用量为质量比0.05-5%(基于本发明成型组合物总重)。同样可以使用颜料、染料、光学增亮剂,如群青(蓝)(ultramarine blue),酞菁蓝(phthalocyanine),钛白(titanium dioxide),硫化镉,及苝四甲酸衍生物。
加工助剂和稳定剂、润滑剂及抗静电剂的常用量为质量比0-2%,优选0.01-2%(基于本发明成型组合物总重)。
可用任何已知方法以任何需要的方式将组分制备成本发明的成型组合物。然而,可优选地在熔融态混合所述组分,例如在温度范围160-400℃,优选180-280℃,将所述组分挤压、揉、或滚动到一起。如在本文一个优选实施方案中,所述组分已经完全或部分预先从在单独制备步骤中获得的反应混合物分离出来。
本发明的成型组合物可经加工成箔或模具。这些箔或模具更特别适于汽车外部区域,即接触风化的区域。
这些箔或模具可从本发明的成型组合物根据热塑加工的已知方法制备。更特别的是,可以用挤出或注射成型来制备。
与已知的稳定成型组合物相比,本发明成型组合物显示出进一步的耐候性改进,即对热、光和/或氧气的耐受性更强。
参考下述实施例来进一步更详细说明本发明。
实施例:
测试方法:
作为耐候性的一个指标,于被测样本上(60×60×2mm,根据ISO 294在熔点260℃、成型温度60℃于模具套组中制得),根据ISO 4892/2的A方法在室外进行Xenotest老化试验。在表1列出的风化时间后,所有样本的表面光泽度都用DIN 67530以60°视角测量。
色域内改变(色差)ΔE
作为耐候性的另一个指标,根据DIN 52 336的色域内改变ΔE,根据DIN 6174从ΔL、ΔA和ΔB计算得出。
原料
组分或前面带″C-″的产物不属于本发明范围,仅用于对比。
使用的组分A(或C-A用于对比)见下:
A-i:苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物,含35%的丙烯腈(CAS号107-13-1)和65%的苯乙烯(CAS号100-42-5),用SEC-MALLS测量得出分子量为104 000(Chi-san Wu,Handbook of sizeexclusion chromatography and related techniques,第91卷,第21章,第19页)。
A-ii:α-甲基苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物,含30.5%的丙烯腈和69.5%的α-甲基苯乙烯(CAS号98-83-9),用SEC-MALLS测量得出分子量为92 000(Chi-san Wu,Handbook of sizeexclusion chromatography and related techniques,第19页)。
C-A-iii:马来酸酐-异戊二烯共聚物,其两种组分的质量比为1∶1,与含25%丙烯腈和75%苯乙烯的苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物混合。马来酸酐-异戊二烯共聚物与苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物各自占重量50%。该苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物用SEC-MALLS测量得出分子量为171 000。
使用的组分B(或C-B用于对比)见下:
B-i:比例为1∶2∶60的式(III)∶式(IV)∶式(V)化合物
B-ii:比例为3∶1的式(I)∶式(II)化合物
C-B-iii:比例为3∶1∶7∶70∶20的式I∶II∶III∶IV∶V化合物
使用的组分C(或C-C用于对比)见下:
C-C-ii:BASF SE所售式(XII)化合物,商品名为Tinuvin765。
使用的组分D(或C-D用于对比)见下:
使用的组分E(或C-E用于对比)见下:
E-i:BASF SE所售式(VIII)化合物,商品名为Chimassorb944。
使用的组分F(或C-F用于对比)见下:
F-i:黑珍珠880型碳黑,Cabot Corporation售
F-ii:比例为2∶1的蒽醌∶吡唑啉酮(pyrazolone)黄
制备成型组合物及模具:
在250℃,使组分A、B、C和D(其质量份数分别见表1)在ZSK30双螺杆挤出机(Werner &Pfleiderer)中均质化,挤出到水浴中。使挤出物颗粒化并干燥。将颗粒用于注塑机,在熔点250℃及表面成型温度60℃,制备出待测样本,确定表1所列性质。
表1:成型组合物组成及性质(″C-″开头的例子是比较例)
上述例子证明,当本发明成型组合物与已知的稳定成型组合物相比时,它们显示耐候性有进一步改进,即对热、光和/或氧气的耐受性有进一步改进。组成以质量分数表示,缩写WT代表风化时间。
Claims (10)
1.一种热塑性成型组合物,其包含:
a)质量比0%-99.7%的一种或多种苯乙烯共聚物作为组分A
b)质量比0.1%-10%的式I、II、III、IV和V化合物,或其异构体作为组分B:
c)质量比0.2%-0.9%的式(VI)化合物作为组分C:
d)质量比0%-0.9%的式(VII)混合物作为组分D:
e)质量比0%-0.5%的组分E,其为式(VIII)化合物:
或式(IX)化合物:
或式(X)化合物:
或式(XI)化合物:
f)质量比0%-10%的一或多种添加剂作为组分F,其不同于组分C、D和E,且遵照下述条件:如果组分D的质量比为0%,那么组分E质量比为0.01%-0.5%,其为化合物VIII、IX、X或XI之一,各组分质量百分比基于组分A到F的总重计算,质量百分比的总和为100%。
2.根据权利要求1的热塑性成型组合物,其中,如果组分D的质量比为0%,那么组分E的质量比为0.1%-0.5%,其为化合物VIII、IX、X或XI之一,各组分质量百分比基于组分A到F的总重计算,质量百分比的总和为100%。
3.根据权利要求1的热塑性成型组合物,其中,如果组分D的质量比为0%,那么组分E的质量比为0.2%-0.5%,其为化合物VIII、IX、X或XI之一,各组分质量百分比基于组分A到F的总重计算,质量百分比的总和为100%。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项的热塑性成型组合物,其中使用丙烯腈、苯乙烯和/或α-甲基苯乙烯、苯基马来酰亚胺、甲基丙烯酸甲酯或其混合物的共聚物作为组分A。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项的热塑性成型组合物,其中丙烯腈在组分A中的重量比为至少15%,并不超过40%。
6.根据权利要求1-5的热塑性成型组合物,其中组分B的质量比为0.1%-10%。
7.根据权利要求1-5的热塑性成型组合物,其中组分B的质量比为0.2%-2%。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项的热塑性成型组合物,其中所述热塑性成型组合物用于机动车的外部区域,如,例如A、B、C或D柱下护板(column cover),保险杠饰条(spoiler)、车窗环绕(window surround)、压条、发动机罩(cover hood)及盖板或散热器护栅部件、天线罩(aerial cover)、后视镜或前灯和后灯。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一项的热塑性成型组合物,其中组分D和C的质量比为3∶1-1∶1,而组分D和E的质量比为2∶1-0.5∶1。
10.一种根据权利要求1-9任一项的热塑性成型组合物的用途,用于制备有高光泽度、化学耐受表面的模具,用于机动车外部区域。
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PCT/EP2011/060727 WO2012007270A1 (de) | 2010-07-12 | 2011-06-27 | Witterungsstabilisierte acrylnitrilcopolymer formmassen |
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CN201180034508.8A Expired - Fee Related CN103080214B (zh) | 2010-07-12 | 2011-06-27 | 稳定的丙烯腈/苯乙烯/丁二烯成型组合物 |
CN201180034507.3A Active CN103080223B (zh) | 2010-07-12 | 2011-06-27 | 稳定的丙烯腈/苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯成型组合物 |
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CN201180034507.3A Active CN103080223B (zh) | 2010-07-12 | 2011-06-27 | 稳定的丙烯腈/苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯成型组合物 |
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KR (3) | KR20130130686A (zh) |
CN (3) | CN103080202B (zh) |
ES (3) | ES2621607T3 (zh) |
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CN115066464A (zh) * | 2019-10-15 | 2022-09-16 | 英力士苯领集团股份公司 | 含低模具沉积物,适合高光泽应用的耐候性苯乙烯共聚物模塑组合物 |
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CN114829487B (zh) * | 2019-10-15 | 2024-02-06 | 英力士苯领集团股份公司 | 含低模具沉积物,适合高光泽应用的苯乙烯共聚物模塑组合物 |
WO2021074152A1 (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-22 | Ineos Styrolution Group Gmbh | Black styrene copolymer compositions for high gloss exterior applications |
EP4127059A1 (de) | 2020-03-24 | 2023-02-08 | INEOS Styrolution Group GmbH | Asa-polymerzusammensetzung mit optimierter uv-stabilität sowie gutem zähigkeits-steifigkeits-verhältnis |
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MX2013000443A (es) | 2013-05-01 |
EP2593512B1 (de) | 2016-04-20 |
HUE029008T2 (en) | 2017-01-30 |
ES2573410T3 (es) | 2016-06-07 |
KR20130130688A (ko) | 2013-12-02 |
CN103080214B (zh) | 2015-07-15 |
EP2593507A1 (de) | 2013-05-22 |
EP2593507B1 (de) | 2017-01-25 |
WO2012007268A1 (de) | 2012-01-19 |
KR20130130687A (ko) | 2013-12-02 |
ES2621607T3 (es) | 2017-07-04 |
MX363645B (es) | 2019-03-29 |
WO2012007269A1 (de) | 2012-01-19 |
WO2012007270A1 (de) | 2012-01-19 |
EP2593512A1 (de) | 2013-05-22 |
PL2593512T3 (pl) | 2016-10-31 |
MX345365B (es) | 2017-01-27 |
EP2593510A1 (de) | 2013-05-22 |
CN103080202B (zh) | 2014-09-24 |
MX2013000447A (es) | 2013-05-01 |
KR101829083B1 (ko) | 2018-02-13 |
EP2593510B1 (de) | 2016-12-21 |
KR20130130686A (ko) | 2013-12-02 |
EP2593507B8 (de) | 2017-05-03 |
KR101829487B1 (ko) | 2018-02-19 |
MX2013000392A (es) | 2013-04-24 |
CN103080223A (zh) | 2013-05-01 |
CN103080223B (zh) | 2015-07-22 |
ES2613736T3 (es) | 2017-05-25 |
CN103080214A (zh) | 2013-05-01 |
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