CN103070686B - Device and method for measuring human body breathing mechanics parameter on basis of double differential-pressure sensors - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring human body breathing mechanics parameter on basis of double differential-pressure sensors Download PDFInfo
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- CN103070686B CN103070686B CN201210570502.9A CN201210570502A CN103070686B CN 103070686 B CN103070686 B CN 103070686B CN 201210570502 A CN201210570502 A CN 201210570502A CN 103070686 B CN103070686 B CN 103070686B
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- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004199 lung function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000115 thoracic cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F7/00—Volume-flow measuring devices with two or more measuring ranges; Compound meters
- G01F7/005—Volume-flow measuring devices with two or more measuring ranges; Compound meters by measuring pressure or differential pressure, created by the use of flow constriction
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring a human body breathing mechanics parameter on the basis of double differential-pressure sensors. The device comprises a tubular throttling device, a first pressure difference sensor, a second pressure difference sensor, two amplification circuits and two filtering circuits, wherein a pore plate in the throttling device is designed in a porous mode; the first pressure difference sensor belongs to a big-range sensor which can be used for measuring high-flow-rate gas; the second pressure difference sensor has the advantages of small range, high resolution and small zero drift and is mainly used for measuring low-flow-rate gas; the two sensors are both bidirectional pressure difference sensors; the A/D module of a microprocessor is used for simultaneously processing the output signals of the two sensors; and according to the collected pressure difference signal value, an effective acquisition signal is judged. The device disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, big range, high precision and small pressure loss, in addition, the internal diameters of the throttling device are completely consistent, and the defect of sensitivity difference during bidirectional measurement is overcome.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the measurement of human body respiration flow and relevant breathing mechanics parameters, particularly relate to the apparatus and method utilizing throttle differential flowmeter to measure human body respiration mechanics relevant parameter.
Background technology
Spirometer is the core component of portable lung function instrument, and its critical component is gas flow sensor.Spirometer conventional at present is mainly divided into differential pressure type, hot wire type and eddy current rotary according to sensor type.The easy loss of hot wire type spirometer, the shortcoming such as large affected by environment.The rotary spirometer of eddy current is applied and is restricted in low flow velocity, small-bore situation.Throttling differential pressure type spirometer is because its structure is simple, firmly, be easy to copy, operating period limit for length, cheap, is still widely used at present.
Throttling differential pressure type spirometer is based on mass conservation law and law of conservation of energy.During throttling element in measured gases flow via line, flow velocity forms local contraction at throttling element place, thus flow velocity increases, static pressure reduces, so produce pressure reduction at throttling element, gas flow rate is larger, and pressure reduction is larger, obtaining for same gas according to mass conservation law and law of conservation of energy (bernoulli equation), there is following relation in flow velocity and pressure reduction:
(flow velocity)
2=C* Δ P
Wherein, Δ P is the pressure drop of a pair pressure port that differential pressure pick-up is measured, and for each unique flow sensor geometry, C is unique.
The lung function instrument of American Thoracic association suggestion is measured and breathed flow rates is 0 ~ 14L/s, and resolution can reach below 30mL/s.In conjunction with flow velocity and pressure drop Δ P relation known, if only select differential pressure pick-up to measure Δ P, this differential pressure pick-up not only needs very wide range, and needs very low resolution, and such differential pressure pick-up cost is very expensive.In addition, it is large also to there is the pressure loss in traditional throttle type differential pressure spirometer, the shortcomings such as range ratio is narrow.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of low cost, certainty of measurement High Availabitity in the apparatus and method measuring human breathing mechanics parameters, measures narrow, that the pressure loss large and high precision flow cost is high problem to solve existing throttle differential flowmeter.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
Measure a device for human breathing mechanics parameters based on double differential pressure sensors, comprise throttling arrangement in a tubular form, two differential pressure pick-ups, two amplifying circuits, two filter circuits, microprocessor, memory module, display module, control module and power modules.Throttling arrangement in a tubular form includes body, is equipped with the orifice plate that has several hole in the inwall of body, and have two pressure ports to symmetry between body shell and inwall, often pair of pressure port lays respectively at the both sides of orifice plate, and two pairs of relative orifice plates of pressure port are symmetrical.Often pair of pressure port connects a two-way differential pressure pick-up, wherein the first differential pressure pick-up is a large amount of differential pressure pick-up, main measurement high flow rate gas, second differential pressure pick-up is small-range differential pressure pick-up, can measure low flow velocity gas, the overvoltage capabilities of the second differential pressure pick-up is greater than the range of the first differential pressure pick-up.First differential pressure pick-up output signal finally connects microprocessor analogue input port through amplifying circuit, second-order filter circuit; Second differential pressure pick-up output signal finally connects microprocessor analogue input through amplifying circuit, second-order filter circuit; Microprocessor is also connected with control module, memory module, display module.Microprocessor judges effective collection value according to the differential pressure value of two differential pressure pick-up collections, and the data of collection can also be saved in memory module by processor, also the result after process can be displayed by display module.
Large in order to overcome the loss of traditional orifice plate permanent compression, the eddy current shortcoming such as bring the large and range ratio of noise narrow, the mode of porous that what the orifice plate of gas flowmeter of the present invention adopted is, and the plane orthogonal that the two pairs of pressure ports are formed divides orifice plate place plane equally.In addition, the caliber of orifice plate both sides is consistent, avoids the problem causing sensitivity there are differences due to bidirectional measurement.
The method of the measurement human breathing mechanics parameters of said apparatus, in respiratory, first differential pressure pick-up, the second differential pressure pick-up synchronous acquisition, microprocessor program curing automatic decision is in particular moment using the output of which sensor as effective acquired signal, and detailed step is as follows:
(1) device power start, system initialization, the output signal of two differential pressure pick-ups of microprocessor processes now after amplification, filtering, by A/D transformation result ADC
10, ADC
20as two differential pressure pick-ups zero points separately;
(2) control module sends acquisition to microprocessor, and human body respiration detects and starts; The output signal of the first differential pressure pick-up and the second differential pressure differential pressure pick-up is connected to microprocessor analogue input through amplifying circuit, filter circuit, after A/D conversion, obtain ADC respectively
1, ADC
2;
(3) microprocessor internal program curing is according to result ADC in step (2)
2size judges effective acquired signal: work as ADC
2reach the ADC value ADC of setting
levtime, i.e. ADC
2<ADC
levtime, the differential pressure signal corresponding A DC value ADC that the second differential pressure pick-up gathers
2for virtual value; Work as ADC
2exceed the ADC value ADC of setting
levtime, i.e. ADC
2>=ADC
levtime, the differential pressure signal corresponding A DC value ADC that the first differential pressure pick-up gathers
1for virtual value, wherein ADC
levcorresponding differential pressure value is less than the second sensor maximum range;
(4) microprocessor is converted into differential pressure value Δ P according to the effective ADC value obtaining according to step (1) obtaining in two differential pressure pick-up ADC at zero point values and step (3), draw out flow velocity-volume curve by differential pressure value Δ P, calculate mechanics of breathing relevant parameter.
Operation principle of the present invention is:
In the differential pressure flowmeter principle of standard, adopt two differential pressure pick-ups to measure pressure drop Δ P simultaneously.Due to two pairs of pressure port place plane orthogonal orifice plate planes, and between two pressure ports symmetrically, first differential pressure pick-up is consistent with the second differential pressure pick-up response time, and the pressure reduction that thus synchronization first differential pressure pick-up and the second differential pressure pick-up are measured should be equal, i.e. Δ P
1=Δ P
2=Δ P.From the relation of gas flow rate and pressure drop Δ P, in low flow velocity section, Δ P certainty of measurement is maximum to airflow influence.The Δ P of low flow velocity section is measured by the second differential pressure pick-up, and the second transducer range is little, and resolution is high, especially still can have good precision in low flow velocity section; When Δ P reaches the differential pressure Δ P of setting
lev(Δ P
levbe less than the second sensor maximum range) time, now acquisition channel is switched to the first differential pressure pick-up by spirometric microprocessor, although the first differential pressure pick-up precision does not have the second differential pressure pick-up high, but wide range ensure that maximum measurement flow rate, in addition from the difference pressure relationships between flow velocity and Δ P, in high flow velocities section, Δ P certainty of measurement will much smaller than low flow velocity section on the impact of flow velocity.The differential pressure signal of telecommunication that two differential pressure pick-ups are measured can obtain the gas flow rate of current point in time through spirometric microprocessor processes.Therefore, the first differential pressure pick-up and the second differential pressure pick-up measurement in a closed series gas flow rate, both ensure that maximum measurement flow rate, also achieved the high-acruracy survey of gas flow rate.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, throttling arrangement geometry specification, structure is simple especially, and cost is low;
2, built-in orifice plate adopts the design of porous, reduces the impact that standard orifice plate causes the pressure loss large, and orifice plate left and right passage interior diameter is consistent, there is the defect of sensitivity difference when eliminating bidirectional measurement;
3, adopt two differential pressure pick-ups to gather differential pressure signal, microprocessor judges effective acquired signal according to the differential pressure value of two differential pressure pick-up collections, and the basis of low cost achieves high-acruracy survey gas flow rate simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Apparatus of the present invention embodiment is illustrated by reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 the present invention is based on the device schematic diagram that double differential pressure sensors measures human breathing mechanics parameters.
Fig. 2 is the AND DEWATERING FOR ORIFICE STRUCTURE figure of throttling arrangement in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is that apparatus of the present invention obtain useful signal method flow diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment:
As Fig. 1, measure a device for human breathing mechanics parameters based on double differential pressure sensors, be made up of throttling arrangement in a tubular form, two differential pressure pick-ups, 13 and 14, two amplifying circuits 20 and 30, two filter circuits 40 and 50, microprocessor 100, display module 60, memory module 70, control module 80 and power modules 90.Throttling arrangement in a tubular form includes body 17, and the inwall 18 of body 17 is definitely smooth, and there is an orifice plate 15 body 17 inside, and the internal diameter of the pipeline of orifice plate about 15 is completely the same, and orifice plate 15 adopts the mode of porous; Have two pressure ports 11,11 ', 12,12 ' to symmetry between body 17 and inwall 18, two pairs of pressure ports 11,11 ', 12,12 ' are symmetrically distributed in the both sides of orifice plate 15; Pressure port 11 connects the low pressure input port of the first differential pressure pick-up 13, and pressure port 11 ' connects the high pressure feed of the first differential pressure pick-up 13; Pressure port 12 connects the second differential pressure pick-up 14 low pressure input port, and pressure port 12 ' connects the second differential pressure pick-up 14 high pressure feed; First differential pressure pick-up 13 belongs to sensors of large measurement range, can measure high flow rate gas; Second differential pressure range is little, resolution is high, null offset is little, main measurement low flow velocity gas, and its overvoltage capabilities is higher than the range of the first differential pressure pick-up 13; First differential pressure pick-up 13 and the second differential pressure pick-up 14 are bilateral transducer, and response time is consistent; Two differential pressure pick-ups gather differential pressure signal simultaneously and are delivered to microprocessor 100 analog input end through amplifying circuit 20 and 30, filter circuit 40 and 50, microprocessor 100 processes the signal that two differential pressure pick-ups gather simultaneously, and judges effective acquired signal according to the two-way collection differential pressure value size after A/D conversion.
Fig. 2 is orifice plate 15 structure chart of throttling arrangement in Fig. 1.In orifice plate 15, maximum gauge hole is positioned at orifice plate centre, and all the other apertures are symmetrically distributed in macropore surrounding, and pressure port 11 and 12 place plane orthogonal divides orifice plate 15 equally.
Diagram 3 is apparatus of the present invention acquisition useful signal method flow diagram.First differential pressure pick-up 13 belongs to sensors of large measurement range, for detecting respiratory high speed section gas flow rate; Second differential pressure pick-up 14 range is little, resolution is high, null offset is little, for detecting the gas velocity of low speed segment in respiratory.Two sensor response times are consistent, in respiratory, and two sensor synchronous acquisition, microprocessor 100 program curing automatic decision is in particular moment using the output of which sensor as effective acquired signal, and detailed step is as follows:
(1) device power start, system initialization, microprocessor 100 processes the output signal of two differential pressure pick-ups now after amplification, filtering, by A/D transformation result ADC
10, ADC
20as two differential pressure pick-ups zero points separately;
(2) control module 80 sends acquisition to microprocessor 100, and human body respiration detects and starts; The output signal of the first differential pressure pick-up 13 and the second differential pressure differential pressure pick-up 14 is connected to microprocessor 100 analog input end through amplifying circuit, filter circuit, after A/D conversion, obtain ADC respectively
1, ADC
2;
(3) microprocessor 100 inside solidification program is according to result ADC in step (2)
2size judges effective acquired signal: work as ADC
2do not reach the ADC value ADC of setting
lev(ADC
levcorresponding differential pressure signal value should be less than the second sensor maximum range) time, i.e. ADC
2<ADC
levtime, the differential pressure signal corresponding A DC value ADC that the second differential pressure pick-up gathers
2for virtual value; Work as ADC
2exceed the ADC value ADC of setting
lev(ADC
levcorresponding differential pressure signal value should be less than the second sensor maximum range) time, i.e. ADC
2>=ADC
levtime, the differential pressure signal corresponding A DC value ADC that the first differential pressure pick-up gathers
1for virtual value;
(4) microprocessor 100 is converted into differential pressure signal value Δ P according to the effective ADC value obtaining according to step (1) obtaining in two differential pressure pick-up ADC at zero point values and step (3), draw out flow velocity-volume curve by differential pressure signal value Δ P, calculate mechanics of breathing relevant parameter.
Wherein ADC
levfor preset value, ADC
levsize depend on range and the precision of the first differential pressure pick-up and the second differential pressure pick-up.
Acquisition gas flow rate method of the present invention is the differential pressure pick-up by means of two the different ranges be arranged on throttling arrangement, first differential pressure pick-up 13 belongs to sensors of large measurement range, high flow rate gas can be measured, second differential pressure pick-up 14 range is little, resolution is high, null offset is little, main measurement low flow velocity gas, the A/D module of microprocessor 100 processes the output signal of two sensors simultaneously, and the differential pressure value according to gathering judges effective acquired signal.Facts have proved, effective combination of two kinds of differential pressure pick-ups successfully achieves the relevant parameter accomplishing high-acruracy survey human body respiration mechanics on the basis of low cost.
Claims (3)
1. measure the device of human breathing mechanics parameters based on double differential pressure sensors for one kind, it is characterized in that: include throttling arrangement in a tubular form, throttling arrangement in a tubular form includes body (17), the orifice plate (15) that one has several hole is equipped with in the inwall (18) of body (17), two pressure ports (11 to symmetry are had between body (17) and inwall (18), 11 ') (12,12 '), i.e. pressure port one (11) and pressure port two (11 '), pressure port three (12) and pressure port four (12 '); Two pairs of pressure ports (11,11 ') (12,12 ') are symmetrically distributed in the both sides of orifice plate (15), and two pairs of pressure port (11,11 ') (12,12 ') place plane orthogonal divide orifice plate equally; Pressure port one (11) connects the low pressure input port of the first differential pressure pick-up (13), and pressure port two (11 ') connects the high pressure feed of the first differential pressure pick-up (13); Pressure port three (12) connects the second differential pressure pick-up (14) low pressure input port, and pressure port four (12 ') connects the second differential pressure pick-up (14) high pressure feed; Described first differential pressure pick-up (13) output signal finally connects microprocessor (100) analog input end a through amplifying circuit one (30), second-order filter circuit one (50); Second differential pressure pick-up (14) output signal finally connects microprocessor (100) analog input end b through amplifying circuit two (20), second-order filter circuit two (40); Microprocessor (100) is also connected with control module (80), memory module (70), display module (60), and in orifice plate (15), maximum gauge hole is positioned at orifice plate centre, and all the other apertures are symmetrically distributed in macropore surrounding;
Described the first differential pressure pick-up (13) and the second differential pressure pick-up (14) are bilateral transducer; First differential pressure pick-up (13) belongs to sensors of large measurement range, for detecting respiratory high speed section gas flow rate; Second differential pressure pick-up (14) belongs to small-range sensor, for detecting the gas velocity of low speed segment in respiratory.
2. a kind of device measuring human breathing mechanics parameters based on double differential pressure sensors according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also include power module (90), power module (90) is the first differential pressure pick-up (13), the second differential pressure pick-up (14) and each circuit module power.
3. the method based on the measurement human breathing mechanics parameters of device described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in respiratory, first differential pressure pick-up (13), the second differential pressure pick-up (14) synchronous acquisition, microprocessor (100) program curing automatic decision is in particular moment using the output of which sensor as effective acquired signal, and detailed step is as follows:
(1) device power start, system initialization, the output signal of two differential pressure pick-ups of microprocessor (100) process now after amplification, filtering, by A/D transformation result ADC
10, ADC
20as two differential pressure pick-ups zero points separately;
(2) control module (80) sends acquisition to microprocessor (100), and human body respiration detects and starts; The output signal of the first differential pressure pick-up (13) is connected to microprocessor (100) analog input end respectively through amplifying circuit one, second-order filter circuit one, the output signal of the second differential pressure differential pressure pick-up (14) is connected to microprocessor (100) analog input end respectively through amplifying circuit two, second-order filter circuit two, after A/D conversion, obtain ADC respectively
1, ADC
2;
(3) microprocessor (100) inside solidification program is according to result ADC in step (2)
2size judges effective acquired signal: work as ADC
2do not reach the ADC value ADC of setting
levtime, i.e. ADC
2< ADC
levtime, the differential pressure signal corresponding A DC value ADC that the second differential pressure pick-up gathers
2for virtual value; Work as ADC
2exceed the ADC value ADC of setting
levtime, i.e. ADC
2>=ADC
levtime, the differential pressure signal corresponding A DC value ADC that the first differential pressure pick-up gathers
1for virtual value, wherein ADC
levcorresponding differential pressure value is less than the second sensor maximum range;
(4) effective ADC value that microprocessor (100) obtains obtaining in two differential pressure pick-up ADC at zero point values and step (3) according to step (1) is converted into differential pressure value Δ P, draws out flow velocity-volume curve, calculate mechanics of breathing relevant parameter by differential pressure value Δ P.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210570502.9A CN103070686B (en) | 2012-12-25 | 2012-12-25 | Device and method for measuring human body breathing mechanics parameter on basis of double differential-pressure sensors |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210570502.9A CN103070686B (en) | 2012-12-25 | 2012-12-25 | Device and method for measuring human body breathing mechanics parameter on basis of double differential-pressure sensors |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103070686A CN103070686A (en) | 2013-05-01 |
| CN103070686B true CN103070686B (en) | 2015-05-06 |
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Cited By (1)
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| WO2021069940A1 (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2021-04-15 | Spirocco Kft. | Bidirectional flow meter for an mdi device and an mdi device containing such a bidirectional flow meter |
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| CN114414126A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-04-29 | 重庆市伟岸测器制造股份有限公司 | An industrial pressure measuring device |
| GB2622101A (en) * | 2022-09-05 | 2024-03-06 | Arete Medical Tech Ltd | Pitot tube for measuring high and low respiratory flow rates |
| CN117503107B (en) * | 2023-12-05 | 2024-06-28 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | A method and device for measuring cow respiratory frequency based on differential pressure sensor |
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| CN103070686A (en) | 2013-05-01 |
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