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CN207837551U - The flow sensor and spirometer of lung function tests - Google Patents

The flow sensor and spirometer of lung function tests Download PDF

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Publication number
CN207837551U
CN207837551U CN201720594878.1U CN201720594878U CN207837551U CN 207837551 U CN207837551 U CN 207837551U CN 201720594878 U CN201720594878 U CN 201720594878U CN 207837551 U CN207837551 U CN 207837551U
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pressure
tappings
tapering
aditus laryngis
flow sensor
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胡锡江
方俊标
陈志敏
刘金玲
王天星
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Zhejiang Yi Lian Kang Medical Technology Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Yi Lian Kang Medical Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of flow sensor, the hollow tubular structure being mainly connected in turn by expiration intake section, the first tapering, aditus laryngis portion and the second tapering, low pressure pressure tappings are opened on the tube wall in aditus laryngis portion, and the first high pressure pressure tappings and the second high pressure pressure tappings are opened in respectively on the tube wall of non-aditus laryngis portion both sides.The flow sensor can detect expiration and air-breathing bidirectional traffics simultaneously, be conducive to the miniaturization of determining instrument, and facilitate the calibration and correction of pulmonary function test apparatus, be very suitable for clinically promoting and applying.

Description

The flow sensor and spirometer of lung function tests
Technical field
The utility model is related to medical instruments fields, more particularly to are used for the flow sensor and lung function of lung function tests Tester.
Background technology
The function of each organ of human body could only be worked normally in the case where oxygen is in liberal supply.The oxygen supply of human body leans on entirely The breathing of lung obtains, and in respiratory, metabolite carbon dioxide simultaneously is discharged in lung intake oxygen.It can using lung function tests The breathing function for judging tester, to differentiating airway obstruction type, the preoperative Pulmonary Evaluation of thorax abdomen etc. tool There is actual clinical meaning.
With advances in technology, from traditional float-type, swinging, being convenient for occurs pulmonary function test apparatus in gradually development The electronics analyzer of carrying.In this electron-like spirometer, respiratory flow transducer is its crucial one of component.
As shown in Figure 1, the differential flow sensor designed using Venturi tube principle, includes two on flow sensor A pressure tappings(Diplopore flow sensor), in aditus laryngis portion 1003, high pressure pressure tappings 1002 are arranged to exist the setting of low pressure pressure tappings 1001 Expiration intake section 1004.When detecting expiration parameter, air-flow first passes through high pressure pressure tappings, enters back into the low pressure pressure tappings in aditus laryngis portion, Since aditus laryngis portion aperture is small, for air-flow by compression acceleration, the pressure loss is bigger, and flow declines, but high pressure pressure tappings are in aditus laryngis Before portion, so not interfering with flow rate test precision.If the flow sensor is for detecting air-breathing parameter, air-flow can first pass through The low pressure pressure tappings in aditus laryngis portion, airflow pressure losses, flow decline, and enter back into high pressure pressure tappings, and the flow detected can be apparent It is less than normal, therefore expiration and air-breathing cannot be detected based on the differential flow sensor of Venturi tube principle simultaneously with two pressure ports Bidirectional traffics.
In order to detect expiration and air-breathing bidirectional traffics simultaneously, Venturi tube principle design pressure difference formula is used as shown in Figure 2 Flow sensor uses the design of four pressure tappings, needs to increase a high pressure pressure tappings 1002 in air-breathing intake section 1005 respectively, Increase a low pressure pressure tappings 1001 in aditus laryngis portion, the length in aditus laryngis portion 1003, the length of entire flow sensor will necessarily be increased Degree increases therewith, and pressure tappings are more, complicated, are unfavorable for the miniaturization of detecting instrument.
As shown in Figure 3 using the gas flow sensor of orifice plate principle design, since 1006 thickness of orifice plate is less than 0.02D (pipe diameter), airflow pressure losses are small, do not influence to exhale and air-breathing two-directions flow measurement precision.But due to human body inspiratory flow Amount is much smaller relative to expiratory gas flow, detects expiration and inspiratory flow simultaneously using two groups of pressure tappings, air-breathing detects sensitive Degree is inadequate, therefore uses four pressure tappings 1007, two differential pressure pickups 1008, including high range differential pressure pickup and lower range Differential pressure pickup, high range differential pressure pickup are used for detecting expiratory gas flow, and low range differential pressure sensor is used for detecting inspiratory flow, To improve inspiratory flow detection sensitivity.But due to the differential pressure pickup of two groups of difference ranges is used, in flow sensor When calibration, two groups of calibration systems need to be used, this can not only increase the complexity of instrument, reduce reliability, and can increase production Process, manufacturing cost and the complexity of after-sales service.
Invention content
To overcome the above disadvantages, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of flow sensings for lung function tests Device is hollow tubular structure, is mainly connected in turn by expiration intake section, the first tapering, aditus laryngis portion and the second tapering, low pressure takes Pressure mouth is opened on the tube wall in aditus laryngis portion, and the first high pressure pressure tappings and the second high pressure pressure tappings are opened in non-aditus laryngis portion both sides respectively Tube wall on.
Further, expiration intake section and aditus laryngis portion are cylinder, and the diameter of expiration intake section is more than the diameter in aditus laryngis portion, First tapering and the second tapering are in truncated cone-shaped, and the first tapering and the smaller one end of the second taper diameter are respectively facing aditus laryngis portion.
Further, the first pressure tappings are opened in the first tapering or expiration intake section, and the second high pressure pressure tappings are opened in Two taperings or air-breathing intake section.
Preferably, the distance between the first high pressure pressure tappings and low pressure pressure tappings take less than the second high pressure pressure tappings with low pressure Press the distance between mouth.
Further, the pressure tappings aperture is 1.0~1.5mm;High pressure pressure tappings are opened on tapering;Aditus laryngis minister's degree Less than 6mm.
The utility model additionally provides a kind of pulmonary function test apparatus, including differential pressure pickup and flow sensor, the stream Quantity sensor is hollow tubular structure, be mainly sequentially connected by expiration intake section, the first tapering, aditus laryngis portion and the second tapering and At low pressure pressure tappings are opened on the tube wall in aditus laryngis portion, and the first high pressure pressure tappings and the second high pressure pressure tappings are opened in non-respectively On the tube wall of aditus laryngis portion both sides.
Further, expiration intake section and aditus laryngis portion are cylinder, and the diameter of expiration intake section is more than the diameter in aditus laryngis portion, First tapering and the second tapering are in truncated cone-shaped, and the first tapering and the smaller one end of the second taper diameter are respectively facing aditus laryngis portion;Institute It includes the first differential pressure pickup and the second differential pressure pickup to state differential pressure pickup.
Further, the positive press bond of flow sensor the first high pressure pressure tappings and the first differential pressure pickup, second is high Press the positive press bond of pressure tappings and the second differential pressure pickup, the low-pressure ends of two differential pressure pickups by three-way pipe respectively with larynx The low pressure pressure tappings of oral area connect.
Preferably, the pulmonary function test apparatus further includes the automatic decision for detecting and detecting two kinds of detection patterns with air-breathing of exhaling System.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:Using the flow sensing of a low pressure sample tap and two high-pressure sampling mouths Device is conducive to the miniaturization of determining instrument.And production process is few, manufacturing cost is low.Using the lung function of the flow sensor Analyzer can detect expiration and air-breathing bidirectional traffics simultaneously, and facilitate the calibration and correction of pulmonary function test apparatus, conducive to tieing up after sale Shield.
Description of the drawings
The diplopore flow sensor arrangement schematic diagram of Fig. 1 prior arts.
Four hole flow sensor arrangement schematic diagrames of Fig. 2 prior arts.
The orifice plate flow sensor structure schematic diagram of Fig. 3 prior arts.
Fig. 4 flow sensor arrangement schematic diagrames in three holes described in the utility model.
Fig. 5 carries three hole flow sensor arrangement schematic diagrames of air-breathing intake section.
The schematic diagram that tri- hole flow sensors of Fig. 6 are connect with differential pressure pickup.
The circuit line frame graph of Fig. 7 pulmonary function test apparatus described in the utility model.
Fig. 8 continuous mode line frame graphs.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in figure 4, for lung function tests flow sensor, be hollow tubular structure, mainly by expiration intake section 1, First tapering 2, aditus laryngis portion 3 and the second tapering 4 are connected in turn, and low pressure pressure tappings 5 are opened on the tube wall in aditus laryngis portion, and first High pressure pressure tappings 6 and the second high pressure pressure tappings 7 are opened in respectively on the tube wall of non-aditus laryngis portion both sides.Expiration intake section 1 and aditus laryngis Portion 3 is cylinder, and the diameter of expiration intake section is more than the diameter in aditus laryngis portion.First tapering 2 and the second tapering 4 are in truncated cone-shaped, the One tapering and the smaller one end of the second taper diameter are respectively facing aditus laryngis portion.
First pressure tappings 6 can be opened in the first tapering 2 or expiration intake section 1.Second high pressure pressure tappings 7 can be opened in Second tapering 4.As shown in figure 5, in the embodiment that the larger one end of the second taper diameter is connected with air-breathing intake section 8, second High pressure pressure tappings 7 can also be opened in air-breathing intake section 8.When measuring lung function parameter when exhaling, pass through differential pressure pickup Measure the pressure difference between the first high pressure pressure tappings and low pressure pressure tappings.When lung function parameter when measuring air-breathing, pass through pressure difference Sensor measures the pressure difference between the second high pressure pressure tappings and low pressure pressure tappings.Pulmonary function test apparatus is according to high and low pressure pressure tappings Between differential manometer point counting be precipitated tester lung's various functions index, be supplied to doctor or tester so as to judge the state of an illness or Confirm curative effect.
In the tube body maximum gauge of flow sensor, pipe shaft length, the first tapering taper angle theta1With the second tapering taper angle theta2Deng ginseng In the fixed embodiment of number, by adjusting the distance between the first high pressure pressure tappings and low pressure pressure tappings, when obtaining expiration measurement The sensitivity needed is obtained when air-breathing measures and is needed by adjusting the distance between the second high pressure pressure tappings and low pressure pressure tappings Sensitivity.
It is the high and low pressure pressure of fixed namely matched flow sensor in differential pressure pickup pressure measurement points Mouthful the distance between be in fixed embodiment, by adjusting the expiration intake section diameter of flow sensor, larynx mouth diameters, the One tapering taper angle theta1And its length or the second tapering taper angle theta2And its length, obtain the detection range needed when respiration monitoring.
Since pulmonary function detection expiration maximum flow rate is more much bigger than air-breathing maximum flow rate, to improve the spirit of inspiratory flow detection Sensitivity needs the pressure for increasing the second high pressure pressure tappings.According to fluid dynamics bernoulli principle, the relationship of flow and pressure difference is full Sufficient formula(I), d is diameter at aditus laryngis portion low pressure pressure tappings in formula, and D is diameter at air-breathing intake section the second high pressure pressure tappings, and ρ is The density of fluid.When D becomes larger, the corresponding pressure differential deltap p of certain flow also can accordingly become larger.
(I)
In a specific embodiment, by increasing the second high pressure pressure tappings 7 at a distance from low pressure pressure tappings 5, make the Two high pressure pressure tappings are opened at the larger aperture in the second tapering 4, are exported with increasing the corresponding pressure difference of inspiratory flow.By adjusting The position of first high pressure pressure tappings and the second high pressure pressure tappings, makes that the flow detection of expiration and air-breathing meets range and sensitivity is wanted It asks, and expiratory pressure gap sensor can be made consistent with the pressure differential detection range of differencial pressure suction sensor, you can with same model Differential pressure pickup, the calibration and correction of differential pressure pickup use Same Way, the value range of correction coefficient consistent.Therefore convenient The calibration and correction of pulmonary function test apparatus.
The gas humidity of characteristics of contaminated respiratory droplets is big, and condensation steam is easy inside flow sensor, condenses water slug in order to prevent and takes Mouth is pressed, in a specific embodiment, pressure tappings aperture takes 1.0~1.5mm, and condensation flow is prevented using the surface tension of water Enter pressure port, while high pressure pressure tappings are opened on tapering, condensed water is enable to outbound flow without resting on pressure tappings, aditus laryngis portion It is short as possible, it is, for example, less than 6mm, it is ensured that steam is in aditus laryngis portion without delay.
As shown in fig. 6, pulmonary function test apparatus includes differential pressure pickup and flow sensor described in the utility model.Flow The first high pressure pressure tappings 6 in the first tapering of sensor are connect with the positive pressure side 103 of the first differential pressure pickup 101, the second tapering Second high pressure pressure tappings 7 are connect with the positive pressure side 103 of the second differential pressure pickup 102, and the low-pressure end 104 of two differential pressure pickups is logical Three-way pipe 105 is crossed to connect with the low pressure pressure tappings 5 in aditus laryngis portion respectively.
Differential pressure pickup can be connected with microprocessor 106, and the signal that microprocessor is used to acquire differential pressure pickup is gone forward side by side Tester lung various functions index is precipitated according to the differential manometer point counting between high and low pressure pressure tappings, as tester in row processing The reference index of current physical condition or therapeutic effect.The microprocessor can be that pulmonary function test apparatus is included, can also It is external equipment, such as computer etc..
Pulmonary function test apparatus further includes the automatic decision system for detecting and detecting two kinds of detection patterns with air-breathing of exhaling.Work as flow When air-flow in sensor is expiratory airflow, with data determination the first high pressure pressure tappings of the first differential pressure pickup and low pressure pressure Pressure difference between mouthful obtains lung function parameter when exhaling.When the air-flow in flow sensor is inspiratory airflow, with the second pressure Pressure difference between data determination the second high pressure pressure tappings and low pressure pressure tappings of gap sensor obtains lung function ginseng when air-breathing Number.
Breathing automatic decision system can be the subprogram in pulmonary function detection software, controlled and realized by program The switching exhaled between detection and air-breathing detection.Especially when needing continuous detection air-breathing or exhaling, the automatic decision system System being capable of the promptly free switching between expiration detection pattern and air-breathing detection pattern.
When detecting expiration parameter, air-flow first passes through the first high pressure pressure tappings, enters back into the low pressure pressure tappings in aditus laryngis portion, by Small in aditus laryngis portion aperture, by compression acceleration, pressure loss flow declines air-flow, finally passes through the second high pressure pressure tappings, therefore the The pressure differential detection value of one differential pressure pickup is consistently greater than the pressure differential detection value of the second differential pressure pickup;When detecting air-breathing parameter, Air-flow first passes through the second high pressure pressure tappings, enters back into the low pressure pressure tappings in aditus laryngis portion, air-flow is by compression acceleration, pressure loss flow Decline, finally pass through the first high pressure pressure tappings, so the pressure differential detection value of the second differential pressure pickup is consistently greater than the first pressure difference biography The pressure differential detection value of sensor.Therefore in a specific embodiment, breathing automatic decision system is by comparing two pressures The pressure difference of gap sensor is to judge that current tester is expiration or air-breathing, according to judgement as a result, analyzer automatically switches To corresponding expiration detection pattern or air-breathing detection pattern.
It is illustrated in figure 7 the circuit diagram of Fig. 6 pulmonary function test apparatus, including the first and second differential pressure pickups, signal Amplifying circuit, double channel A/D conversion circuits, microprocessor circuit, display screen, electric power management circuit, power supply and button.It uses When, depresses button starts pulmonary function detection, and tester is to the continuous breathing of flow sensor, the letter that differential pressure pickup will measure Number by amplification, send to microprocessor and handled after digital-to-analogue conversion, treated, and relevant information is shown on display screen.Power supply It is powered for said units by electric power management circuit.
As shown in figure 8, a kind of method of lung function tests, includes the following steps:
(1)Pulmonary function test apparatus described in the utility model is provided;
(2)Tester sucks the front end of the expiration intake section of flow sensor, and expiration or air-breathing;
(3)Read the first and second differential pressure pickup data;
(4)Judge whether to start expiration or air-breathing;
(5)Expiration state is determined whether, if judging to be that pulmonary function test apparatus takes the data of the first differential pressure pickup; If being judged as NO, pulmonary function test apparatus takes the data of the second differential pressure pickup;
(6)The microprocessor of pulmonary function test apparatus obtains the data of first or second differential pressure pickup, calculates gas stream Amount;
(7)Obtain lung function tests parameter.
Wherein step(5)The judgment method of respiratory state:The pressure difference for comparing two differential pressure pickups, to judge to test What person's flow sensor was implemented is expiration or air-breathing;Or operator is according to the action that tester is current or will carry out, It is expiration or air-breathing with judge the implementation of tester's flow sensor.
Flow sensor or pulmonary function test apparatus described in the utility model, can be applied to routine physical examination, athlete's physique Test, the daily monitoring of asthmatic patient, discriminating airway obstruction type, the preoperative Pulmonary Evaluation of thorax abdomen etc..
Embodiment 1
Experimental group be flow sensor described in the utility model, a diameter of 27mm of expiration intake section, the first tapering Cone angle is 40 degree, a diameter of 12mm in aditus laryngis portion, and the cone angle in the second tapering is 25.4 degree, a diameter of 27mm of air-breathing intake section.First High pressure pressure tappings and low pressure pressure tappings distance 20mm, the second high pressure pressure tappings and low pressure pressure tappings distance 25mm.
Control group is the diplopore flow sensor of the prior art, a diameter of 27mm of expiration intake section, the cone in the first tapering Angle is 40 degree, a diameter of 12mm in aditus laryngis portion, and the cone angle in the second tapering is 25.4 degree, a diameter of 27mm of air-breathing intake section.First is high Press pressure tappings and low pressure pressure tappings distance 20mm.
The flow sensor of the flow sensor of experimental group and control group is made comparisons detection with normal flow sensor, inspection Survey the results are shown in Table 1 and table 2.
1 experimental group flow sensor breathing experimental data of table
Normal stream magnitude (L/min) Expiration detected value (L/min) Error (%)   Normal stream magnitude (L/min) Air-breathing detected value (L/min) Error (%)
50 49.5 -1.0   30 29.6 -1.3
80 78.8 -1.5   40 39.7 -0.7
120 118 -1.7   50 49.6 -0.8
180 179 -0.6   60 59.9 -0.2
250 248 -0.8   80 79.3 -0.9
350 350 0.0   100 99.5 -0.5
400 401 0.3   120 119 -0.8
450 452 0.4   180 179 -0.6
500 503 0.6   250 249 -0.4
550 553 0.5   350 351 0.3
600 606 1.0   400 400 0.0
700 712 1.7   450 451 0.2
800 809 1.1   500 502 0.4
2 control group flow sensor breathing experimental data of table
Normal stream magnitude (L/min) Expiration detected value (L/min) Error (%)   Normal stream magnitude (L/min) Air-breathing detected value (L/min) Error (%)
50 49.6 -0.8   30 17.9 -40.3
80 78.5 -1.9   40 23.6 -41.0
120 119 -0.8   50 32.7 -34.6
180 179 -0.6   60 43.5 -27.5
250 249 -0.4   80 71.9 -10.1
350 352 0.6   100 92.6 -7.4
400 399 -0.3   120 113 -5.8
450 451 0.2   180 173 -3.9
500 502 0.4   250 241 -3.6
550 555 0.9   350 333 -4.9
600 607 1.2   400 387 -3.3
700 709 1.3   450 427 -5.1
800 813 1.6   500 473 -5.4
It can be seen that the flow sensor of the utility model is used for pulmonary function detection and compares from above-mentioned experimental test data Group(The prior art)Sensor compare, have higher detection sensitivity and accuracy, especially when air-breathing detect, tie Fruit gets well than control group.
Embodiment 2
Measure the maximum differential pressure of the flow sensor of 1 experimental group of embodiment, expiratory gas flow maximum range 900L/min, when most Pressure difference 10kPa is corresponded to when big flow;Inspiratory flow maximum range 600L/min, pressure difference 10kPa is corresponded to when maximum stream flow.Therefore First differential pressure pickup and the second differential pressure pickup can use the differential pressure pickup of identical range.It is tested and is flowed by experiment test Amount and pressure difference data(It is shown in Table 3), two sensors are calibrated.Specific timing two differential pressure pickups parallel connections and is applied Add the same pressure difference, two pressure differences of 1kPa and 5kPa is taken to click through line linearity correction respectively.
Table 3
Expiratory flow magnitude (L/min) First differential pressure pickup (kPa)   Inspiration flow value (L/min) Second differential pressure pickup (kPa)
50 0.03   50 0.07
100 0.12   100 0.27
200 0.48   150 0.6
300 1.08   200 1.07
400 1.93   250 1.68
500 3.02   300 2.42
600 4.35   350 3.29
700 7.36   400 4.3
800 7.74   500 6.73
900 9.8   600 9.7

Claims (10)

1. the flow sensor of lung function tests, mainly by expiration intake section, the first tapering, aditus laryngis portion and the second tapering successively phase Even made of hollow tubular structure, which is characterized in that low pressure pressure tappings are opened on the tube wall in aditus laryngis portion, the first high pressure pressure tappings and Second high pressure pressure tappings are opened in respectively on the tube wall of non-aditus laryngis portion both sides.
2. flow sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that expiration intake section and aditus laryngis portion are cylinder, exhale The diameter of gas intake section is more than the diameter in aditus laryngis portion, and the first tapering and the second tapering are in truncated cone-shaped, the first tapering and the second tapering The smaller one end of diameter is respectively facing aditus laryngis portion.
3. flow sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first pressure tappings are opened in the first tapering or expiration Intake section, the second high pressure pressure tappings are opened in the second tapering or air-breathing intake section.
4. flow sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that between the first high pressure pressure tappings and low pressure pressure tappings Distance be less than the distance between the second high pressure pressure tappings and low pressure pressure tappings.
5. the flow sensor according to one of Claims 1-4, which is characterized in that the pressure tappings aperture be 1.0~ 1.5mm。
6. the flow sensor according to one of Claims 1-4, which is characterized in that aditus laryngis minister's degree is less than 6mm.
7. a kind of pulmonary function test apparatus, including differential pressure pickup and flow sensor, which is characterized in that the flow sensor is Hollow tubular structure is mainly connected in turn by expiration intake section, the first tapering, aditus laryngis portion and the second tapering, low pressure pressure Mouth is opened on the tube wall in aditus laryngis portion, and the first high pressure pressure tappings and the second high pressure pressure tappings are opened in non-aditus laryngis portion both sides respectively On tube wall.
8. pulmonary function test apparatus according to claim 7, which is characterized in that expiration intake section and aditus laryngis portion are cylinder, The diameter of expiration intake section is more than the diameter in aditus laryngis portion, and the first tapering and the second tapering are in truncated cone-shaped, the first tapering and the second cone Diameter smaller one end in portion's is respectively facing aditus laryngis portion;The differential pressure pickup includes the first differential pressure pickup and the second pressure difference sensing Device.
9. pulmonary function test apparatus according to claim 7, which is characterized in that flow sensor the first high pressure pressure tappings and The positive press bond of one differential pressure pickup, the positive press bond of the second high pressure pressure tappings and the second differential pressure pickup, two pressure differences The low-pressure end of sensor is connect with the low pressure pressure tappings in aditus laryngis portion respectively by three-way pipe.
10. pulmonary function test apparatus according to claim 7, which is characterized in that further include exhale detection and air-breathing detection two The automatic decision system of kind detection pattern.
CN201720594878.1U 2017-05-26 2017-05-26 The flow sensor and spirometer of lung function tests Active CN207837551U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107242874A (en) * 2017-05-26 2017-10-13 台州亿联健医疗科技有限公司 Flow sensor, spirometer and application for lung function tests

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107242874A (en) * 2017-05-26 2017-10-13 台州亿联健医疗科技有限公司 Flow sensor, spirometer and application for lung function tests
CN107242874B (en) * 2017-05-26 2024-08-09 浙江亿联康医疗科技有限公司 Flow sensor for measuring lung function, lung function tester and application

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