CN103028127A - Device for sterilizing medical equipment through low-temperature plasma under atmospheric pressure - Google Patents
Device for sterilizing medical equipment through low-temperature plasma under atmospheric pressure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种大气压低温等离子体对医疗器械消毒灭菌的装置，包括箱体，箱体内设有两个介质阻挡放电单元，介质阻挡放电单元之间为处理区；介质阻挡放电单元为由高压电极片、阻挡介质和接地筛网电极构成的夹心结构；两个介质阻挡放电单元的接地筛网电极相对设置，每个介质阻挡放电单元在高压电极侧用绝缘固定层封装；每个介质阻挡放电单元由独立的高压交流电源驱动。本发明提供的大气压低温等离子体对医疗器械消毒灭菌的装置，利用面对面布置的放电单元产生的等离子体，在处理区对医疗器械进行三维消毒灭菌，无需化学制剂、物理添加剂以及特殊气体氛围，可用于大气压下大面积、高效率、便捷地对医疗器械消毒灭菌。
The invention discloses a device for sterilizing and sterilizing medical instruments by atmospheric pressure low-temperature plasma, which includes a box body, and two dielectric barrier discharge units are arranged in the box body, and the treatment area is between the dielectric barrier discharge units; the dielectric barrier discharge unit is A sandwich structure composed of high-voltage electrode sheets, barrier dielectrics and grounding screen electrodes; the grounding screen electrodes of two dielectric barrier discharge units are arranged opposite to each other, and each dielectric barrier discharge unit is encapsulated with an insulating fixed layer on the side of the high-voltage electrode; each dielectric The barrier discharge unit is driven by an independent high-voltage AC power supply. The device for disinfecting and sterilizing medical instruments with atmospheric pressure low-temperature plasma provided by the present invention uses the plasma generated by the discharge units arranged face to face to carry out three-dimensional disinfection and sterilization of medical instruments in the treatment area, without the need for chemical preparations, physical additives and special gas atmospheres , can be used for large-area, high-efficiency, and convenient disinfection and sterilization of medical devices under atmospheric pressure.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于医疗器械消毒技术领域，涉及一种大气压低温等离子体对医疗器械消毒灭菌的装置。The invention belongs to the technical field of disinfection of medical instruments, and relates to a device for disinfecting and sterilizing medical instruments by atmospheric pressure low-temperature plasma.
背景技术Background technique
医院中医疗器械的消毒一直以来都是至关重要的环节。目前常用的医疗器械的消毒和灭菌的设备主要有：辐射灭菌设备(如，医用伽玛射线灭菌器)、压力蒸汽灭菌设备(如，预真空蒸汽灭菌器、高压蒸汽灭菌器、自动高压蒸汽灭菌器、立式压力蒸汽灭菌器、卧式圆形压力蒸汽灭菌器等等)、气体灭菌设备(如，环氧乙烷灭菌器、轻便型自动气体灭菌器)、干热灭菌设备(如，干热灭菌器、微波灭菌柜)、高压电离灭菌设备(如，手术室用高压电离灭菌设备、病房用高压电离灭菌设备)、专用消毒设备(如，超声消毒设备、口腔科消毒设备等)、煮沸灭菌器具(煮沸消毒器、贮槽)、煮沸消毒设备(电热煮沸消毒器、自动控制电热煮沸消毒器)。这些消毒灭菌设备，要么消毒不彻底、效率低、时间长，要么对医疗器械的腐蚀加重以及对消毒人员的身体健康带来安全隐患。为此，寻求一种方便实施、高效、经济实惠的设备来对医疗器械进行消毒灭菌是一项非常有意义的工作。Sterilization of medical instruments in hospitals has always been a vital link. Currently commonly used disinfection and sterilization equipment for medical devices mainly include: radiation sterilization equipment (such as medical gamma ray sterilizers), pressure steam sterilization equipment (such as pre-vacuum steam sterilizers, high-pressure steam sterilization equipment, etc.) autoclave, vertical pressure steam sterilizer, horizontal circular pressure steam sterilizer, etc.), gas sterilization equipment (such as ethylene oxide sterilizer, portable automatic gas sterilizer Sterilizer), dry heat sterilization equipment (such as dry heat sterilizer, microwave sterilization cabinet), high-pressure ionization sterilization equipment (such as high-pressure ionization sterilization equipment for operating room, high-pressure ionization sterilization equipment for ward), Special disinfection equipment (such as ultrasonic disinfection equipment, dental disinfection equipment, etc.), boiling sterilization equipment (boiling sterilizer, storage tank), boiling disinfection equipment (electrical boiling sterilizer, automatic control electric boiling sterilizer). These disinfection and sterilization equipment are either incomplete disinfection, low efficiency, long time, or aggravate the corrosion of medical equipment and bring safety hazards to the health of disinfection personnel. For this reason, it is a very meaningful work to seek a convenient, efficient and economical equipment to sterilize medical devices.
随着低温等离子体技术的迅速发展以及在生物医学方面的广泛应用，利用低温等离子体进行医疗器械消毒灭菌变得十分必要。国内外大量的实验研究已经表明，在介质阻挡放电等离子体中有非常丰富的活性粒子，如大量的O3、OH自由基、处于激发态的N2和
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明解决的问题在于提供一种大气压低温等离子体对医疗器械消毒灭菌的装置，该装置可用于大气压下大面积、高效率、便捷地对医疗器械消毒灭菌。The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device for disinfecting and sterilizing medical instruments by atmospheric pressure low-temperature plasma, which can be used for large-area, high-efficiency, and convenient disinfection and sterilization of medical instruments under atmospheric pressure.
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现：The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种大气压低温等离子体对医疗器械消毒灭菌的装置，包括箱体，箱体内设有两个介质阻挡放电单元，介质阻挡放电单元之间为处理区；A device for sterilizing and sterilizing medical instruments with atmospheric pressure low-temperature plasma, comprising a box body, two dielectric barrier discharge units are arranged in the box body, and the treatment area is between the dielectric barrier discharge units;
介质阻挡放电单元为由高压电极片、阻挡介质和接地筛网电极构成的夹心结构；两个介质阻挡放电单元的接地筛网电极相对设置，每个介质阻挡放电单元在高压电极侧用绝缘固定层封装；The dielectric barrier discharge unit is a sandwich structure composed of a high-voltage electrode sheet, a barrier medium and a grounding screen electrode; the grounding screen electrodes of the two dielectric barrier discharge units are arranged opposite each other, and each dielectric barrier discharge unit uses an insulating fixed layer on the side of the high-voltage electrode encapsulation;
每个介质阻挡放电单元由独立的高压交流电源驱动。Each dielectric barrier discharge unit is driven by an independent high-voltage AC power supply.
所述的介质阻挡放电单元分别设置在箱体内上下两侧，处理区内设有网状支架和托盘。The dielectric barrier discharge units are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the box body, and the treatment area is provided with mesh supports and trays.
所述的介质阻挡放电单元为由高压电极铝合金片、氧化铝陶瓷基板和接地电极可定型铝筛网构成的夹心结构。The dielectric barrier discharge unit is a sandwich structure composed of a high-voltage electrode aluminum alloy sheet, an alumina ceramic substrate and a ground electrode with a shapeable aluminum screen.
所述的箱体上还设有定时器和档位旋钮；The box is also provided with a timer and a gear knob;
定时器用来设定消毒灭菌的时间；The timer is used to set the time for disinfection and sterilization;
档位旋钮控制介质阻挡放电单元的工作，包括4个档位:关档、1档、2档和3档；其中，1档对应介质阻挡放电单元之一工作、2档对应介质阻挡放电单元之二工作，3档对应两个介质阻挡放电单元同时工作。The gear knob controls the work of the dielectric barrier discharge unit, including 4 gears: off gear, 1st gear, 2nd gear and 3rd gear; among them, 1st gear corresponds to the work of one of the dielectric barrier discharge units, and 2nd gear corresponds to one of the dielectric barrier discharge units. The second work, the third gear corresponds to the simultaneous work of two dielectric barrier discharge units.
所述的绝缘固定层为环氧玻璃钢板，高压电极、阻挡介质与接地筛网电极被固定在的环氧玻璃钢板上；The insulating fixing layer is an epoxy glass steel plate, and the high voltage electrode, the barrier medium and the grounding screen electrode are fixed on the epoxy glass steel plate;
环氧玻璃钢板分别用尼龙螺丝固定在箱体的上下内衬上，与高压交流电源相连接的电源线被植入环氧玻璃钢板内。The epoxy glass steel plates are respectively fixed on the upper and lower inner linings of the cabinet with nylon screws, and the power lines connected with the high-voltage AC power supply are embedded in the epoxy glass steel plates.
所述高压电极与接地筛网电极之间的电压幅值为5～8kV；The voltage amplitude between the high-voltage electrode and the grounding screen electrode is 5-8kV;
两个介质阻挡放电单元之间的表面净距离为10～12cm。The clear surface distance between two dielectric barrier discharge units is 10-12 cm.
所述的阻挡介质为0.5～1.5mm厚的氧化铝陶瓷基板；接地筛网电极为20～25目的可定型铝筛网，紧贴在阻挡介质表面，其筛网丝的直径为0.3～0.5mm，高压电极侧用环氧玻璃钢板封装。The blocking medium is an alumina ceramic substrate with a thickness of 0.5-1.5 mm; the grounding screen electrode is a 20-25-mesh aluminum screen that can be shaped, which is closely attached to the surface of the blocking medium, and the diameter of the screen wire is 0.3-0.5 mm , The high-voltage electrode side is encapsulated with epoxy glass steel plate.
所述的介质阻挡放电单元产生的有效等离子体面积为400～500cm2。The effective plasma area generated by the dielectric barrier discharge unit is 400-500 cm 2 .
述的高压交流电源安置在箱体内与等离子体发生区及处理区相独立的空间，高压交流电源与工频市电相连接。The above-mentioned high-voltage AC power supply is placed in a space independent of the plasma generation area and the processing area in the box, and the high-voltage AC power supply is connected to the industrial frequency mains.
所述的箱体为铝合金材质箱体，还开设有手拉门。The box body is an aluminum alloy box body, and is also equipped with a pull door.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益的技术效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
本发明提供的大气压低温等离子体对医疗器械消毒灭菌的装置，是基于介质阻挡电晕放电等离子对医疗器械的消毒灭菌，介质阻挡放电单元的等离子体通过扩散与医疗器械充分接触，可以同时对医疗器械进行三维消毒灭菌。其所需时间短，属于干式消毒灭菌，对医疗器械的腐蚀小，不需要化学制剂，处理程序简单。因此，本装置能够达到并满足等离子体用于医疗器械消毒灭菌的实用要求。The device for sterilizing and sterilizing medical instruments with atmospheric-pressure low-temperature plasma provided by the present invention is based on dielectric barrier corona discharge plasma for sterilizing medical instruments. The plasma of the dielectric barrier discharge unit fully contacts medical instruments through diffusion, and can simultaneously Three-dimensional disinfection and sterilization of medical devices. It takes a short time, belongs to dry disinfection and sterilization, has little corrosion to medical devices, does not require chemical preparations, and has simple processing procedures. Therefore, the device can meet and meet the practical requirements of using plasma for disinfection and sterilization of medical instruments.
本发明提供的大气压低温等离子体对医疗器械消毒灭菌的装置，利用面对面布置的放电单元产生的等离子体，在处理区对医疗器械进行三维消毒灭菌，无需化学制剂、物理添加剂以及特殊气体氛围；处理过程在常温常压下进行，不需要成本昂贵的低压设备；有效处理面积大，且放电单元可单独控制，通过档位旋钮可以方便的控制放电强度及放电开关，根据实际需求调节档位以得到相应的效果。整个装置直接接工频220V市电；操作简单、安全，维修方便。The device for disinfecting and sterilizing medical instruments with atmospheric pressure low-temperature plasma provided by the present invention uses the plasma generated by the discharge units arranged face to face to carry out three-dimensional disinfection and sterilization of medical instruments in the treatment area, without the need for chemical preparations, physical additives and special gas atmospheres ;The treatment process is carried out under normal temperature and pressure, and does not require expensive low-voltage equipment; the effective treatment area is large, and the discharge unit can be controlled separately. The discharge intensity and discharge switch can be easily controlled through the gear knob, and the gear can be adjusted according to actual needs. to get the corresponding effect. The whole device is directly connected to the power frequency 220V mains; the operation is simple, safe and easy to maintain.
本发明提供的大气压低温等离子体对医疗器械消毒灭菌的装置，放电单元的放电均匀性很好，产生活性产物丰富。等离子体中丰富的活性粒子与被处理医疗器械表面的病菌等会发生一系列复杂的物理化学反应，最终将其杀灭，产生无害成分。In the device for disinfecting and sterilizing medical instruments with atmospheric-pressure low-temperature plasma provided by the invention, the discharge uniformity of the discharge unit is good, and the active products produced are abundant. The abundant active particles in the plasma will undergo a series of complex physical and chemical reactions with the germs on the surface of the treated medical device, and finally kill them and produce harmless components.
本发明提供的大气压低温等离子体对医疗器械消毒灭菌的装置，以大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠球菌为代表的典型细菌作为处理对象，结果表明在180s都能够杀灭所有的细菌。The device for sterilizing and sterilizing medical instruments with atmospheric-pressure low-temperature plasma provided by the present invention takes typical bacteria represented by Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans as treatment objects, and the results show that all bacteria can be killed within 180s.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
图2为本发明的放电单元布置示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the discharge cells of the present invention;
图3为本发明的放电单元的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the discharge unit of the present invention;
图4为本发明的放电单元的电路连接示意图；Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the circuit connection of the discharge unit of the present invention;
图5为等离子体消毒灭菌流程图；Fig. 5 is a flow chart of plasma disinfection and sterilization;
图6为等离子体对大肠杆菌的灭菌效果示意图；Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the sterilization effect of plasma on Escherichia coli;
图7为等离子体对金黄色葡萄球菌的灭菌效果示意图；Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the sterilization effect of plasma on Staphylococcus aureus;
图8为等离子体对白色念珠球菌的灭菌效果示意图。Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the sterilization effect of plasma on Candida albicans.
其中，1为高压电极，2为阻挡介质，3为接地筛网电极，4为绝缘加固层，5为网状支架，6为托盘，7为高压交流电源，8为定时器，9为档位旋钮，10为箱体。Among them, 1 is the high-voltage electrode, 2 is the blocking medium, 3 is the grounding screen electrode, 4 is the insulation reinforcement layer, 5 is the mesh support, 6 is the tray, 7 is the high-voltage AC power supply, 8 is the timer, and 9 is the gear position Knob, 10 is a casing.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合具体的实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明，所述是对本发明的解释而不是限定。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, which are explanations of the present invention rather than limitations.
参见图1～图3，一种大气压低温等离子体对医疗器械消毒灭菌的装置，其特征在于，包括箱体10，箱体10内设有两个介质阻挡放电单元，介质阻挡放电单元之间为处理区；Referring to Figures 1 to 3, a device for sterilizing medical instruments with atmospheric pressure low-temperature plasma is characterized in that it includes a
介质阻挡放电单元为由高压电极片1、阻挡介质2和接地筛网电极3构成的夹心结构；两个介质阻挡放电单元的接地筛网电极相对设置，每个介质阻挡放电单元在高压电极侧用绝缘固定层4封装；The dielectric barrier discharge unit is a sandwich structure composed of a high-voltage electrode sheet 1, a
每个介质阻挡放电单元由独立的高压交流电源7驱动。Each dielectric barrier discharge unit is driven by an independent high-voltage
具体的，所述的介质阻挡放电单元分别设置在箱体内上下两侧，处理区内设有网状支架5和托盘6。Specifically, the dielectric barrier discharge units are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the box respectively, and the
所述的箱体为铝合金材质箱体，开设有手拉门。箱体上还设有定时器和档位旋钮；The box body is made of aluminum alloy and is provided with a pull door. There are also timers and gear knobs on the box;
定时器用来设定消毒灭菌的时间；The timer is used to set the time for disinfection and sterilization;
档位旋钮控制介质阻挡放电单元的工作，包括4个档位:关档、1档、2档和3档；其中，1档对应介质阻挡放电单元之一工作、2档对应介质阻挡放电单元之二工作，3档对应两个介质阻挡放电单元同时工作。The gear knob controls the work of the dielectric barrier discharge unit, including 4 gears: off gear, 1st gear, 2nd gear and 3rd gear; among them, 1st gear corresponds to the work of one of the dielectric barrier discharge units, and 2nd gear corresponds to one of the dielectric barrier discharge units. The second work, the third gear corresponds to the simultaneous work of two dielectric barrier discharge units.
具体的，所述的介质阻挡放电单元为由高压电极铝合金片、氧化铝陶瓷基板和接地电极可定型铝筛网构成的夹心结构。Specifically, the dielectric barrier discharge unit is a sandwich structure composed of an aluminum alloy sheet for a high voltage electrode, an alumina ceramic substrate, and a shapeable aluminum screen for a ground electrode.
所述的绝缘固定层为环氧玻璃钢板，高压电极、阻挡介质与接地筛网电极被固定在的环氧玻璃钢板上；The insulating fixing layer is an epoxy glass steel plate, and the high voltage electrode, the barrier medium and the grounding screen electrode are fixed on the epoxy glass steel plate;
环氧玻璃钢板分别用尼龙螺丝固定在箱体的上、下内衬上，与高压交流电源相连接的电源线被植入环氧玻璃钢板内。The epoxy glass steel plates are respectively fixed on the upper and lower inner linings of the cabinet with nylon screws, and the power lines connected with the high-voltage AC power supply are embedded in the epoxy glass steel plates.
高压电极与接地筛网电极之间的电压幅值为5～8kV；The voltage amplitude between the high-voltage electrode and the grounding screen electrode is 5-8kV;
两个介质阻挡放电单元之间的表面净距离为10～12cm。The clear surface distance between two dielectric barrier discharge units is 10-12 cm.
所述的阻挡介质为0.5～1.5mm厚的氧化铝陶瓷基板；接地筛网电极为20～25目的可定型铝筛网，紧贴在阻挡介质表面，其筛网丝的直径为0.3～0.5mm，高压电极侧用环氧玻璃钢板封装。The blocking medium is an alumina ceramic substrate with a thickness of 0.5-1.5 mm; the grounding screen electrode is a 20-25-mesh aluminum screen that can be shaped, which is closely attached to the surface of the blocking medium, and the diameter of the screen wire is 0.3-0.5 mm , The high-voltage electrode side is encapsulated with epoxy glass steel plate.
进一步，高压电极1为160mm×200mm×1mm的铝合金板，阻挡介质为200mm×240mm×1mm厚的氧化铝陶瓷基板；接地可定型铝筛网电极为20～25目（优选20目），筛网丝的直径为0.3～0.5mm（优选0.5mm），筛网紧贴在阻挡介质下表面，覆盖面积为200mm×240mm。将所有放电单元在高压电极侧用尼龙螺丝固定在环氧玻璃钢板上，绝缘固定，然后分别固定在箱体内部的上下侧。介质阻挡放电单元产生的有效等离子体面积为400～500cm2。Further, the high-voltage electrode 1 is an aluminum alloy plate of 160mm×200mm×1mm, and the blocking medium is an alumina ceramic substrate with a thickness of 200mm×240mm×1mm; The diameter of the mesh wire is 0.3-0.5mm (preferably 0.5mm), and the screen mesh is closely attached to the lower surface of the barrier medium, and the coverage area is 200mm×240mm. Fix all the discharge units on the epoxy glass steel plate with nylon screws on the high voltage electrode side, insulate and fix them, and then fix them on the upper and lower sides of the box respectively. The effective plasma area generated by the dielectric barrier discharge unit is 400-500 cm 2 .
所述的高压交流电源安置在箱体内与等离子体发生区及处理区相独立的空间，高压交流电源与工频市电相连接。The high-voltage AC power supply is arranged in a space in the cabinet which is independent from the plasma generation area and the processing area, and the high-voltage AC power supply is connected to the industrial frequency mains.
具体的，放电单元的电路连接图如图4所示，图中的电源是用于产生低温等离子体的高压交流电源（HVAC）。放电单元两极之间还设有测量放电电压用的高压探头，测量放电电流的无感电阻，而电压、电流的波形和数值用示波器来记录和保存，也即：放电电压由高压探头获取；放电电流通过与接地筛网串联的无感电阻测得；放电功率通过与接地筛网串联电容的库伏特性结合李萨如图获得，示波器用来记录波形并获取相关数据。Specifically, the circuit connection diagram of the discharge unit is shown in FIG. 4 , and the power supply in the figure is a high-voltage alternating current power supply (HVAC) for generating low-temperature plasma. There is also a high-voltage probe for measuring the discharge voltage between the two poles of the discharge unit, and a non-inductive resistor for measuring the discharge current, and the waveform and value of the voltage and current are recorded and saved by an oscilloscope, that is: the discharge voltage is obtained by the high-voltage probe; The current is measured by a non-inductive resistor connected in series with the ground screen; the discharge power is obtained by combining the Couvolt characteristics of the capacitor connected in series with the ground screen combined with the Lissajous diagram, and the oscilloscope is used to record the waveform and obtain relevant data.
根据医疗器械消毒灭菌的需要，HVAC提供正弦波外施电压，每一个放电单元在外施电压幅值为8kV产生等离子体，无噪声，放电均匀稳定。根据实际需求，可通过档位控制旋钮处理强度。而且放电功率较小，可以节省电能，降低成本。According to the needs of disinfection and sterilization of medical equipment, HVAC provides sine wave applied voltage, and each discharge unit generates plasma with an applied voltage amplitude of 8kV, no noise, uniform and stable discharge. According to actual needs, the intensity can be handled through the gear control knob. Moreover, the discharge power is small, which can save electric energy and reduce costs.
参见图5所述的处理流程图，将待处理的医疗器械放入到处理区，关闭手拉门之后，选定档位，接通电源后，DBCD产生等离子体，定时设好之后对医疗器械开始进行灭菌处理；处理结束取出处理完的医疗器械。Referring to the processing flow chart described in Figure 5, put the medical device to be processed into the processing area, close the pull door, select the gear, and turn on the power, the DBCD will generate plasma, and after the timing is set, the medical device will be processed Start the sterilization process; take out the processed medical devices after the treatment.
按照上述操作，以大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠球菌为代表的典型细菌作为处理对象，灭菌处理结果分别如图6、图7、图8所示，结果表明在180s都能够杀灭所有的细菌。According to the above operation, typical bacteria represented by Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans were treated as the treatment objects. The results of sterilization treatment are shown in Figure 6, Figure 7, and Figure 8 respectively, and the results show that they can be killed in 180s all bacteria.
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