CN103025341A - 胰岛素样生长因子1受体结合肽 - Google Patents
胰岛素样生长因子1受体结合肽 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了胰岛素样生长因子1受体结合多肽,和编码该多肽的多核苷酸。还公开了使用细胞表达系统和无细胞系统产生多肽的方法,和使用多肽用于融合蛋白生产的方法。本发明所公开的多肽能够提供用于在整个血脑屏障(BBB)上递送治疗剂的装置。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及胰岛素样生长因子1受体结合肽、编码该多肽的多核苷酸、以及制备和使用上述物质的方法。
背景技术
生物医学研究和高通量药物筛选中的新发展已产生用于治疗CNS相关疾病的众多潜在治疗剂。然而,许多治疗剂由于通过血脑屏障(BBB)的转运不足而未能完成体内测试。
治疗剂可以使用多种途径横跨BBB,包括可饱和的转运系统,其中待转运的治疗剂通过BBB中的细胞内在化且发送到离腔表面用于沉积到脑细胞内液隔室中的吸附转胞吞作用,其中治疗剂溶解到构成BBB包含的细胞的膜的脂质双层内的跨膜扩散,和其中治疗剂利用BBB的残留泄漏的细胞外途径。
已尝试改进治疗剂以改变其BBB渗透性的多种方法,包括与天然横跨BBB的蛋白质缀合,所述蛋白质为例如胰岛素、胰岛素样生长因子1和2(IGF-1、IGF-2)、瘦蛋白和转铁蛋白(美国专利申请No.US2007/0081992),使多肽与结合某些细胞受体的阳离子化抗体连接,所述细胞受体为例如胰岛素受体(美国专利No.7,388,079)或转铁蛋白受体(美国专利No.6,329,508;Zhang和Pardridge,Brain Res.889:49-56,2001);使治疗剂与合成聚合物例如覆盖有聚山梨酸酯80的聚(氰基丙烯酸丁酯)或聚丙烯酰胺偶联(美国专利申请No.2002/0009491;美国专利申请No.2002/0013266;美国专利申请No.2006/0051317),以及使用脂质体或免疫脂质体。
目前改善治疗剂横跨BBB的转运的方法包括由于与内源配体竞争的无效、治疗剂转运至脑实质的缺乏和由于溶酶体靶向的治疗剂降解。
因此,需要开发转运治疗剂通过BBB的方法。
附图说明
图1示出选择噬菌体溶解物与IGF1R和IR的结合。
图2示出肽-AP融合物与IGF1R的结合。
发明内容
本发明的一个方面是包含具有SEQ ID NOs:1-13中所示序列的多肽的分离的多肽。
本发明的另一个方面是包含编码多肽的多核苷酸的分离的多核苷酸,所述多肽包含SEQ ID NOs:1-13中所示的氨基酸序列。
本发明的另一个方面是包含具有SEQ ID NOs:14-26中所示序列或其互补序列的多核苷酸的分离的多核苷酸。
本发明的另一个方面是包含具有SEQ ID NOs:14-26中所示序列的多核苷酸的分离的载体。
本发明的另一个方面是包含本发明载体的分离的宿主细胞。
本发明的另一个方面是包含融合至第二多肽的具有SEQ ID NOs:1-13中所示序列的多肽的分离的融合蛋白。
本发明的另一个方面是表达多肽的方法,其包括以下步骤:
a.提供本发明的宿主细胞;以及
b.在足以表达具有SEQ ID NOs:1-13中所示序列的多肽的条件下培养所述宿主细胞。
本发明的另一个方面是用于在整个内皮细胞上递送治疗剂的方法,其包括
a.使所述治疗剂与包含具有SEQ ID NOs:1、2、4、8或12中所示序列的多肽的多肽缀合以形成缀合物;
b.使所述缀合物与所述内皮细胞接触;以及
c.测量在整个所述内皮细胞上递送的缀合物的量。
具体实施方式
本说明书中所引用的所有出版物(包括但不限于专利和专利申请)均以引用方式并入本文,如同在本文中完整给出。
说明书和权利要求书中所用的“一种”、“该”和“所述”等单数形式包括复数指代,除非上下文清楚表明并非如此。因此,例如提及“一种多肽”是指一种或多种多肽并包括本领域技术人员已知的其等同物。
除非另有定义,否则本文使用的所有技术和科学术语的含义与本发明所属领域的普通技术人员通常所理解的含义相同。本文描述了示例性的组合物和方法,不过类似或等同于本文所述的组合物和方法的任何组合物和方法都可用于本发明实践或测试。
术语“多肽”是指包含至少两个由肽键连接形成多肽的氨基酸残基的分子。小于50个氨基酸的小多肽可称为“肽”。多肽也可称为“蛋白质”。
术语“多核苷酸”是指包含由糖-磷酸主链或其它等同的共价化学方式所共价连接的核苷酸链的分子。双链DNA和单链DNA以及双链RNA和单链RNA是多核苷酸的典型例子。
术语“互补序列”是指反向平行于第一分离的多核苷酸序列并包含与第一多核苷酸序列中的核苷酸互补的核苷酸的第二分离的多核苷酸序列。通常,当这种“互补序列”在适当的条件下与第一分离的多核苷酸序列结合时,能够形成双链多核苷酸分子,例如双链DNA或双链RNA。
术语“载体”是指能够在生物系统内复制或可以在此类系统间移动的多核苷酸。载体多核苷酸通常含有诸如复制起点、聚腺苷酸化信号或选择标记之类的元件,其功能是促进这些多核苷酸在生物系统中的复制或保持。此类生物系统的例子可包括细胞、病毒、动物、植物和用能够复制载体的生物组分再造的生物系统。包含载体的多核苷酸可以是DNA或RNA分子或这些分子的杂合体。
术语“表达载体”是指能够用于在生物系统或再造生物系统中以指导由存在于表达载体中的多核苷酸序列所编码的多肽的翻译的载体。
如本文中所用的术语“血脑屏障”或“BBB”是指在外周循环以及脑和脊髓之间的屏障,其通过在脑毛细管内皮质膜内的紧密连接形成,产生限制分子(即使与具有60Da分子量的脲一样小的分子)传输到脑内的非常紧密的屏障。脑内的血脑屏障、脊髓内的血脊髓屏障和视网膜内的血视网膜屏障是中枢神经系统(CNS)内的邻接毛细管屏障,并且统称为血脑屏障。
术语“抗体”是指与抗原特异性结合的分子,并且包括二聚抗体、三聚抗体和多聚抗体,以及嵌合抗体、人源化抗体和全人抗体。此外,抗体可以是完整抗体或抗体分子的功能片段,例如保留至少其抗原结合功能的片段,并且包括Fab、F(ab′)、F(ab′)2、scFv、dsFv和双抗体。例如,抗体片段可以使用蛋白水解酶获得(例如,用木瓜蛋白酶消化完整抗体,以产生Fab片段,并且胃蛋白酶处理导致F(ab′)2片段的产生)。关于制备和使用多种抗体的技术是本领域熟知的(Ausubel等人等人编辑,Current Protocols inMolecular Biology,John Wiley & Sons,Inc.,NY 1987-2001(《分子生物学现行规范》,约翰·威利父子出版公司,纽约,1987-2001年);Sambrook等人,Molecular Cloning:A Laboratory Manual,2nd Edition,Cold Spring Harbor,NY,1989(Sambrook等人,《分子克隆:实验手册》,第2版,冷泉港实验室出版社,纽约,1989年);Harlow and Lane,Antibodies,a LaboratoryManual,Cold Spring Harbor,NY,1989(Harlow和Lane,《抗体实验室手册》,冷泉港实验室出版社,纽约,1989年);Colligan等人编辑,CurrentProtocols in Immunology,John Wiley & Sons,Inc.,NY 1994-2001(《免疫学现行规范》,约翰·威利父子出版公司,纽约,1994-2001年);Colligan等人,Current Protocols in Protein Science,John Wiley & Sons,NY,NY,1997-2001(Colligan等人,《蛋白质科学现行规范》,约翰·威利父子出版公司,纽约,1997-2001年);Kohler等人,Nature 256:495-497,1975(Kohler等人,《自然》256:495-497,1975年);US 4,816,567,Queen等人,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.86:10029-10033,1989(Queen等人,《美国国家科学院院刊》86:10029-10033,1989年)。例如,缺乏任何非人序列的全人单克隆抗体可以由人免疫球蛋白转基因小鼠或噬菌体展示文库制备(Lonberg等人,Nature 368:856-859,1994(Lonberg等人,《自然》368:856-859,1994年);Fishwild等人,Nature Biotech.14:845-851,1996(Fishwild等人,《自然生物技术》14:845-851,1996年);Mendez等人,Nature Genetics 15:146-156,1997(Mendez等人,《自然遗传学》15:146-156,1997年);Knappik等人,J.Mol.Biol.296:57-86,2000(Knappik等人,《美国分子生物学期刊》296:57-86,2000年);Krebs等人,J.Immunol.Meth.265:67-84,2001(Krebs等人,《免疫学方法杂志》265:67-84,2001年))。
抗体分子或制备物当相对于结合第二非相同抗原而言以更高的亲和力和以特异性方式而不是非特异性方式结合给定抗原时,则它“特异性结合”这个给定抗原。换句话说,抗体分子或制备物的“特异性结合”可用于区分两种不同的多肽。
如本文中所用的术语“胰岛素样生长因子受体1”或“IGF1R”是指具有SEQ ID NO:27中所示氨基酸序列的人IGF1R(GenBank登记号NP_000866)。IGF1R前多肽被切割成α和β链,以形成成熟蛋白质。α链具有SEQ ID NO:27的氨基酸残基31-740,并且β链具有SEQ ID NO:27的氨基酸残基741-1367。如本文中所用的“可溶的IGF1R”或“sIGF1R”是指IGF1R的细胞外域(SEQ ID NO:27的氨基酸残基31-932)。可溶的IGF1R可以是未切割的前多肽的细胞外域、或成熟IGF1R的细胞外域(形成α链的氨基酸残基31-740,和形成β链的细胞外部分的氨基酸残基741-932)。
如本文中所用的术语“缀合物”是指包含具有SEQ ID NOs:1-13中所示氨基酸序列的本发明肽和治疗剂的嵌合分子。术语“缀合的”或“缀合”意指本发明的肽和一种或多种治疗剂通过例如通过共价化学键,物理力例如范德华力(van der Waals)或疏水作用,封装,包埋或其组合进行物理连接。本发明的肽和一种或多种治疗剂可以通过化学键经由醇、酸、羰基、硫醇或胺基使用熟知的化学合成方法进行连接(参见例如美国专利申请No.US2010/0028370)。治疗剂可以通过连接基连接至本发明的肽。示例性连接基是富含甘氨酸的连接基例如Gly3SerGly3Ser(SEQ ID NO:28)或Gly4SerGly4SerGly4Ser(SEQ ID NO:29)。当本发明的治疗剂和肽经由共价键缀合,或者肽和治疗剂为多肽时,则整个缀合物是“融合蛋白”。因此,术语“融合蛋白”是指由通常在单个氨基酸序列中不融合在一起的两种(或更多种)异源多肽组成的多肽。融合蛋白一般可以使用重组核酸法即由于重组基因融合产物的转录和翻译进行制备,所述融合物包含编码本发明多肽的片段和编码异源多肽的片段。
如本文中所用的术语“治疗剂”是指为了在受试者中引起所需治疗效果而施用的分子。受试者是人或非人动物,包括哺乳动物或灵长类动物。示例性治疗剂是蛋白质、抗体、肽、小分子或多核苷酸。治疗剂还可以是毒素或放射性同位素,其中预期的治疗效果是例如杀死癌细胞。
本发明提供结合IGF1R的分离的多肽、编码该多肽的多核苷酸、包含该多核苷酸的载体、分离的宿主细胞、可从该多核苷酸的表达获得的多肽、用于表达本发明多肽的方法、以及使用本发明的多核苷酸和多肽的方法。本发明的多肽与IGF1R结合,并且在整个内皮细胞上转胞吞。因为IFG1R在血脑屏障(BBB)内的内皮细胞上表达,所以本发明的多肽可以提供用于横跨BBB递送治疗剂的装置。
本发明的一个方面是包含具有SEQ ID NOs:1-13中所示序列的多肽的分离的多肽。
本发明的多肽可以通过化学合成产生,例如在自动化肽合成仪上进行的固相肽合成。作为另外一种选择,本发明的多肽可以通过使用无细胞表达系统从编码这些多肽的多核苷酸获得,无细胞表达系统为例如基于网织红细胞裂解物的表达系统、基于麦胚提取物的表达系统以及基于大肠杆菌提取物的表达系统。本发明的多肽还可以用本领域熟知的技术通过从含有本发明核酸序列的细胞的表达和分离来获得,所述技术为例如易分离的亲和标记多肽的重组表达。本领域的技术人员会认识到其他用于获得本发明多肽的技术。
本发明的另一个方面是包含融合至第二多肽的具有SEQ ID NOs:1-13中所示序列的多肽的分离的融合蛋白。此类第二多肽可以是前导序列或分泌信号序列。此类第二多肽可以是融合至本发明的肽的治疗剂。本发明的治疗剂和肽可以按多种方式彼此融合。本发明的肽的C末端或N末端可以经由酰胺键或肽连接基分别直接连接至治疗剂的N末端或C末端。治疗剂可以使用本领域熟知的化学交联连接至本发明的肽。
本发明的另一个方面是包含编码本发明多肽的多核苷酸的分离的多核苷酸。
本发明的多核苷酸可以通过化学合成产生,例如在自动化多核苷酸合成仪上进行的固相多核苷酸合成。作为另外一种选择,本发明的多核苷酸可以通过其他技术产生,如基于PCR的复制、基于载体的复制或基于限制性酶的DNA操作技术。产生或获得具有给定的已知序列的多核苷酸的技术是本领域熟知的。
本发明的多核苷酸还可以包含至少一个非编码序列,例如转录但不翻译的序列、终止信号、核糖体结合位点、mRNA稳定序列、内含子和聚腺苷酸化信号。多核苷酸序列还可以包含编码附加氨基酸的附加序列。这些附加的多核苷酸序列可以(例如)编码标记或标签序列(例如六组氨酸肽)(Gentz等人,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.(USA)86:821-284,1989(Gentz等人,《美国国家科学院院刊》86:821-284,1989年)),或促进融合多肽的纯化的HA肽标签(Wilson等人,Cell 37:767-778,1984(Wilson等人,《细胞》37:767-778,1984年))。示例性多核苷酸是具有SEQ ID NOs:14-26中所示序列的多核苷酸。
本发明的另一个实施例是包含具有SEQ ID NOs:14-26中所示序列的分离的多核苷酸的载体。本发明的载体可用于保持多核苷酸、复制多核苷酸或驱使由本发明载体编码的多肽在生物系统(包括再造生物系统)中的表达。载体可以为染色体载体、附加型载体和病毒衍生载体,例如衍生自细菌质粒、噬菌体、转座子、酵母附加体、插入元件、酵母染色体元件、杆状病毒、乳多空病毒(例如SV40)、牛痘病毒、腺病毒、鸡痘病毒、伪狂犬病病毒、小核糖核酸病毒和逆转录酶病毒的载体,以及衍生自它们的组合的载体,例如粘粒和噬菌粒。
可以用佐剂、脂质、缓冲剂或其他适用于具体应用的赋形剂将本发明的载体配制在微粒中。
在本发明的一个实施例中,载体是表达载体。表达载体通常包含可控制、调节、引起或允许由这种载体编码的多肽的表达的核酸序列元件。此类元件可包含转录增强子结合位点、RNA聚合酶起始位点、核糖体结合位点以及有利于被编码多肽在给定表达系统中的表达的其他位点。此类表达系统可以是本领域熟知的基于细胞的系统或无细胞系统。适用于所编码多肽的表达的核酸序列元件和亲本载体序列也是熟知的。用于表达本发明多肽的示例性质粒衍生的表达载体包含大肠杆菌(E.coli)复制起点、氯霉素乙酰转移酶(CAT)基因、噬菌体T7启动子、pelB信号序列和T7终止序列。
本发明的另一个实施例是包含本发明载体的分离的宿主细胞。代表性的宿主细胞例子包括古细菌细胞;细菌细胞例如链球菌属(Streptococci)、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococci)、肠球菌属(Enterococci)、大肠杆菌、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、蓝细菌(cyanobacteria)、枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis)和金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus);真菌细胞,例如克鲁维酵母属(Kluveromyces)、酵母菌属(Saccharomyces)、担子菌属(Basidomycete)、白色念珠菌(Candida albicans)或曲霉属(Aspergillus);昆虫细胞例如果蝇属(Drosophila)S2和夜蛾属(Spodoptera)Sf9;动物细胞,例如CHO、COS、HeLa、C127、3T3、BHK、293、CV-1、Bowes黑素瘤和骨髓瘤;以及植物细胞,例如裸子植物细胞或被子植物细胞。本发明方法中的宿主细胞可以单个细胞或细胞群体的形式提供。细胞群体可以包括分离的或培养的细胞群体或存在于基质(例如组织)中的细胞群体。
多核苷酸例如载体至宿主细胞中的引入可以通过本领域技术人员熟知的方法实现(Davis等人,Basic Methods in Molecular Biology,2nd ed.,Appleton & Lange,Norwalk,CT,1994(Davis等人,《分子生物学中的基本方法》,第2版,阿普尔顿和兰格出版社,诺瓦克市,康奈提格州,1994年);Sambrook等人,Molecular Cloning:A Laboratory Manual,3rd ed.,ColdSpring Harbor Laboratory Press,Cold Spring Harbor,NY,2001(Sambrook等人,《分子克隆:实验手册》,第3版,冷泉港实验室出版社,冷泉港,纽约,2001年))。这些方法包括磷酸钙转染、DEAE葡聚糖介导的转染、显微注射、阳离子脂质介导的转染、电穿孔、转导、刮擦荷载(scrapeloading)、基因枪法导入(ballistic introduction)和感染。
为了诸如增强底物特异性、稳定性、可溶性等的此类目的修饰本发明多肽或片段的结构是可能的。例如,可以产生修饰的多肽,其中氨基酸序列已例如通过氨基酸置换、缺失或加成得以改变。考虑亮氨酸由异亮氨酸或缬氨酸,天冬氨酸由谷氨酸,苏氨酸由丝氨酸的分开置换,或氨基酸由结构上相关的氨基酸的相似置换(即保守突变),在一些情况下但并非所有情况下对所得到的分子的生物学活性不具有主要作用。保守置换是在其侧链中相关的氨基酸家族内发生的那些。遗传编码的氨基酸可以分成四个家族:(1)酸性的(天冬氨酸、谷氨酸);(2)碱性的(赖氨酸、精氨酸、组氨酸);(3)非极性的(丙氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、脯氨酸、苯丙氨酸、甲硫氨酸、色氨酸);和(4)不带电的极性的(甘氨酸、天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺、半胱氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、酪氨酸)。苯丙氨酸、色氨酸和酪氨酸有时被共同分类为芳族氨基酸。作为另外一种选择,氨基酸储库可以分组为(1)酸性的(天冬氨酸、谷氨酸);(2)碱性的(赖氨酸、精氨酸、组氨酸);(3)脂族的(甘氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸),其中丝氨酸和苏氨酸任选地独立地分组为脂族的-羟基;(4)芳族的(苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸、色氨酸);(5)酰胺(天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺);和(6)含硫的(半胱氨酸和甲硫氨酸)(Stryer(编辑),Biochemistry,2nd ed,WH Freeman and Co.,1981(《生物化学》,第2版,W.H.弗里曼公司,1981年))。可以使用本文描述的测定通过评估修饰的多肽或片段以类似于未经修饰的多肽或片段的方式产生应答的能力,容易地测定多肽或其片段的氨基酸序列中的变化是否导致功能同系物。其中已发生超过一个置换的肽、多肽或蛋白质可以容易地以相同方式进行测试。
本发明的多肽还可配制在配药学上可接受的载体或稀释剂中。可以使用多种含水载体,如0.4%盐水、0.3%甘氨酸等。这些溶液是无菌的,通常不含颗粒物质。这些溶液可以通过常规的、熟知的消毒技术(例如过滤)进行灭菌。组合物可以包含模拟生理条件所需的配药学上可接受的辅助性物质,例如pH调节剂和缓冲剂。本发明的多肽在这种药物制剂中的浓度可以差别很大,即从小于约0.5重量%(通常为约1重量%或至少约1重量%)至高达15重量%或20重量%,并且根据所选的具体施用方式基于流体体积、粘度和其他因素进行选择。本领域的技术人员可以很容易地确定适当的治疗有效剂量。如果必要的话,确定的剂量可以在治疗期过程中以通过医生或相关领域的其他技术人员(例如护士、兽医或兽医技术员)适当地选择的合适时间间隔进行重复。
本发明的多肽可以冻干用于储存且在使用之前在合适的载体中再造。已证实该技术对常规的蛋白质制备物是有效的。冻干和再造技术是本领域所熟知的。
本发明的另一个实施例是用于表达多肽的方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:提供本发明的宿主细胞;在足以表达本发明的至少一种多肽的条件下培养所述宿主细胞。
宿主细胞可以在任何适合保持或增殖给定类型的宿主细胞并足以表达多肽的条件下培养。足以表达多肽的培养条件、培养基和相关方法是本领域熟知的。例如,许多哺乳类细胞类型可以在37℃下用适当缓冲的DMEM培养基进行有氧培养,而细菌、酵母和其他细胞类型可以在37℃和适当的大气条件下于LB培养基中进行培养。
在本发明的方法中,可以使用多种熟知方法确认多肽的表达。例如,多肽的表达可以使用检测试剂例如抗体使用例如FACS或免疫荧光技术或使用SDS-PAGE或HPLC得到确认。
本发明的另一个方面是用于在整个内皮细胞上递送治疗剂的方法,其包括
a.使所述治疗剂与包含具有SEQ ID NOs:1、2、4、8或12中所示序列的多肽的多肽缀合以形成缀合物;
b.使所述缀合物与所述内皮细胞接触;以及
c.测量在整个所述内皮细胞上递送的缀合物的量。
通过本发明的多肽与IGF1R的结合,本发明的多肽促进治疗剂在整个内皮细胞上的递送。肽被选择成使得缀合的治疗剂不干扰本发明的多肽与IGF1R的结合。本发明描述了具有约100kD分子量的蛋白质(921个氨基酸)与本发明的多肽的缀合,而不丧失转胞吞作用活性。具有可比较大小的其他多肽还可能成功地与本发明的多肽缀合且在整个内皮细胞上递送至脑。
缀合物在整个内皮细胞上的递送可以使用熟知的体外或体内方法进行测量。示例性体外测量可以使用极化单层内皮细胞且使用例如针对该缀合物的抗体测量该缀合物的转胞吞作用来完成。体内测量可以在受试者中使用例如反应活性的缀合物且测量其在施用后在脑中的分布来完成。在体外和体内方法之间已观察到良好相关性。例如,Perrier等人使用星形细胞和大鼠脑内皮细胞的共培养物,证实在一系列化合物的渗透系数及其相应的体内啮齿类血脑转移系数之间的良好相关性(R=0.94)(Perrier等人,Brain Res.1150:1-13,2007(Perrier等人,《脑研究》1150:1-13,2007年))。
本发明现结合以下具体的非限制性实例进行描述。
实例1
IGF1R结合肽的鉴定
噬菌体淘选
根据美国专利申请No.US2010/0021477中所述的方法生成展示随机肽的pIX噬菌体文库,并且用作人IGF1R结合肽的来源。这个文库在溶液中针对具有羧基末端六组氨酸标签的生物素酰化形式的纯化的可溶性IGF1R(sIGF1R)(明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯市的安迪生物技术公司(R&D Systems,Minneapolis,MN))淘选三个回合。使用EZ-Link No-Weigh Sulfo-NHS-LC-Biotin Microtubes(依利诺斯州洛克福特市的皮亚斯公司(Pierce,Rockford,IL))完成sIGF1R的生物素酰化。因为sIGF1R的大尺寸(~330kDa),Tetralink抗生物素蛋白珠由于其比Dynal磁珠大~10倍的结合能力而用于第1轮选择。
就在固相噬菌体ELISA中针对sIGF1R的结合特异性测试来自淘选的总共384种个别噬菌体裂解物。简而言之,使100μl/孔的5μg/ml sIGF1R(明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯市的安迪生物技术公司)与Black Maxisorp Plates(纽约州罗彻斯特市的能肯公司(Nunc,Rochester,NY))结合,加入25μl噬菌体裂解物,并且使用抗M13-HRP抗体(新泽西州吉布斯敦市的EMDBiosciences公司(EMD Biosciences,Gibbstown,NJ))和POD底物(印地安那州印第安纳波利斯市的罗氏公司(Roche,Indianapolis,IN))检测反应,并且使用TEKAN读板机(plate reader)检测信号。经证实不横跨BBB的无关蛋白质用作阴性对照。阳性裂解物被定义为具有sIGF1R特异性信号的克隆,所述sIGF1R特异性信号超过阴性对照的本底三倍。获得已证实与sIGF1R的结合的具有独特肽序列的总共13个克隆(表1)。在这13个克隆中,3个(克隆5、13和16)与胰岛素受体交叉反应。
将来自克隆5-14、16和17的肽作为肽-碱性磷酸酶-His6(肽-AP)融合蛋白在框内克隆到修饰的pET20b+载体内,所述pET20b+载体具有在其内克隆的氯霉素乙酰转移酶(CAT)基因。根据制造商的说明书,使用Ni-NTA(新泽西州吉布斯敦市的EMD Biosciences公司)在细菌中表达且纯化所得肽-AP融合物。使用的碱性磷酸酶的氨基酸序列显示于SEQ ID NO:30中。
表1a:鉴定的IGF1R结合肽的多肽序列
肽序列 | 克隆编号 | 肽SEQ ID NO: |
TGCDFPELCRGCHP | 5 | 1 |
AECEWPWLTLELCQS | 6 | 2 |
PFCYSGGPLPYPCTY | 7 | 3 |
PVCP SFCYDQYVCPT | 8 | 4 |
FTCAVY SLSELDCRD | 9 | 5 |
LSCYDPTLRTLYCHV | 10 | 6 |
HTCFYPTLMPPELCFD | 11 | 7 |
SNCPPLDMRLTELCVM | 12 | 8 |
WHCTPLTQIADPGSIIHLECTV | 13 | 9 |
VECDTPSITFSPGLEALFWNTCSP | 14 | 10 |
MTCAWHTLHTDPGLTPQLTLPCIY | 15 | 11 |
AGCPSPMPPVDPGFYSAIVQLCRE | 16 | 12 |
DDIDEFLHQLHNLVNNVH | 17 | 13 |
使用ELISA针对固定的sIGF1R对纯化的肽-AP融合蛋白与sIGF1R的结合进行评价。简而言之,使由每种肽-AP融合物表达载体转化的细菌生长过夜,并且第二天通过4℃下以4,500rpm离心使培养物澄清。收集上清液并且测定75μl每种上清液与固定在ELISA板上的2μg/ml sIGF1R的结合。遵循制造商的建议,使用Attophos底物(印地安那州印第安纳波利斯市的罗氏公司)检测结合的肽,并且使用Molecular Devices M5读板机进行读数。具有肽克隆7和10的融合物并未良好表达。所有其他肽-AP融合物都显示与sIGF1R的结合活性(图2)。
表1b:IGF1R结合肽的多核苷酸序列
实例2
IGF1R结合肽的表征
将鉴定的IFG1R结合肽框内克隆到具有连接不依赖性克隆位点(LIC)的修饰的pET17b载体(新泽西州吉布斯敦市的EMD Biosciences公司)中的蛋白质G IgG域(PG)的C末端,以生成PG-肽融合物。蛋白质G的IgG结合域是稳定的,并因此使得能够容易纯化来自细菌裂解物的融合蛋白。使用的蛋白质G IgG域的氨基酸序列显示于SEQ ID NO:31中。PG-肽融合物在1mM IPTG诱导后在细菌中表达,并且使用IgG琼脂糖珠(新泽西州皮斯卡塔市的通用电气医疗集团生命科学部(GE Healthcare Life Sciences,Piscataway,NJ))从细菌裂解物中纯化,所述细菌裂解物通过在16,000g、4℃离心20分钟澄清。
使用ELISA测量PG-肽融合物对于sIGF1R的相对亲合力。使用GraphPad Prism 4软件用单位点结合公式测定Kds。将溶于达尔贝科氏磷酸盐缓冲盐水(DPBS(-/-))中的100μl的2μg/ml sIGF1R(明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯市的安迪生物技术公司)包被到96孔Black Maxisorp板(纽约州罗彻斯特市的能肯公司)上在4℃过夜。将板用TBST洗涤,并且将孔用200μl/孔Starting Block T20(TBS)(依利诺斯州洛克福特市的皮亚斯公司)室温伴随300rpm震荡封闭1小时。将75μl/孔纯化的、起始浓度40μM的连续稀释的PG-肽融合物加入孔内,并且在室温下伴随300rpm混合温育1小时;用Starting Block T20使体积达到100μl。将板用TBST洗涤3X,并且随后用100μl/孔过氧化物酶标记的兔抗体(1∶5000)(宾夕法尼亚州吉尔伯茨维尔市的Rockland公司(Rockland,Gilbertsville,PA))探测,洗涤并且使用100μl/孔POD底物(印地安那州印第安纳波利斯市的罗氏公司)检测信号。使用Molecular Devices M5读板机检测化学发光。
对于竞争试验,将胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)(明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯市的安迪生物技术公司)以400nM的终浓度加入Starting Block T20中,所述Starting Block T20用于使体积达到至多100μl。
PG-肽融合物的表征概括于表2中。大多数肽以在低μM范围(0.75-8μM)中的相对亲和力结合。具有肽克隆17的融合蛋白在其结合特征图中是独特的,因为结合曲线是钟形的。这类似于胰岛素与胰岛素受体和IGF-1与IFG1R的结合,该配体在结合后诱导受体中的构象位移,并且在配体的更高浓度下具有负面协同特征。与IGF-1的竞争研究结果显示于表2中。
表2:
实例3
体外BBB模型
选择sIGF1R结合肽在体外血脑屏障模型、大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞模型中进一步表征。
如所述的进行制备大鼠脑毛细管内皮细胞(Perriere等人,J.Neurochem.93:279-289,2005(Perriere等人,《神经化学杂志》93:279-289,2005年))。简而言之,将来自6-8周龄雄性Sprague Dawley大鼠的脑在3MM色谱纸上卷起,以去除脑膜,矢状切割,并且剖开白质留下外皮,随后将所述外皮彻底切碎。将切碎的外皮转移至具有20ml DMEM的50ml聚丙烯锥形管中,所述DMEM补充有39单位/ml DNaseI(新泽西州雷克伍德市的沃辛顿公司(Worthington,Lakewood,NJ))和最终浓度0.7mg/ml的胶原酶2型(新泽西州雷克伍德市的沃辛顿公司),并且在37℃伴随温和混合温育1.25小时。短暂离心后,将所得沉淀物再悬浮于20ml 20%BSA(密苏里州圣路易斯市的西格玛公司(Sigma,St.Louis,MO))于DMEM的溶液中,离心并且分离用补充有39单位/ml DNaseI的20ml DMEM和1mg/ml胶原酶/分散酶(印地安那州印第安纳波利斯市的罗氏公司)在37℃第二次消化1小时的富含微血管的沉淀物。将消化物短暂离心,并且将所得细胞沉淀物再悬浮于2ml DMEM中,并且随后分层到33%连续的珀可(Percoll)梯度之上,离心并且去除富含微血管的部分,并且第二次短暂离心。将细胞沉淀物重悬浮于10ml完全大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞生长培养基(DMEM、20%血浆衍生的血清(Plasma Derived Serum)(PDS)、100μg/ml肝素、2mM L-谷氨酰胺、100U/ml青霉素、100μg/ml链霉素、0.25μg/ml两性霉素)中,并且在37℃、5%CO2下铺平到10cm组织培养皿上,持续4小时。4小时后,吸取掉保持未贴壁的细胞,并且使用台盼蓝固定在血细胞计数器中。将细胞以6×105细胞/ml、500μl/孔的密度铺平到Transwells(0.4μm孔径、直径1.12cm,马萨诸塞州阿克顿的康宁公司(Corning,Acton,MA))的顶部室中,所述Transwells的顶部室用400μg/ml IV型胶原(密苏里州圣路易斯市的西格玛公司)和100μg/ml纤连蛋白(密苏里州圣路易斯市的西格玛公司)处理。将1ml生长培养基置于底部室中。两个室都补充有4μg/ml嘌呤霉素(加利福尼亚州山景城的Clontech公司(Clontech,Mountain View,CA)),并且将板在37℃、5%CO2下温育过夜。第二天,将培养基更换为具有4μg/ml嘌呤霉素的新鲜完全培养基,并且将细胞放回到培养箱内过夜。第二天,将培养基更换为完全培养基,并且在两天后再次更换。通过肉眼监控培养物,直至它们达到100%汇合,在接种后~6-7天。发展的体外BBB模型具有使用Millicell-ERS(马萨诸塞州比尔里卡市的密理博公司(Millipore,Billercia,MA))测量的高跨内皮电阻(>100ohm/cm2)和非常低的荧光素钠渗透性(约1-5×10-6cm/s)。
将25μg纯化的肽-AP融合物加入体外BBB模型的顶部室中,并且在15和30分钟时间点使用ELISA在底部室中检测转胞吞的肽-AP融合物。简而言之,将75μl每种样品转移到用5μg/ml小鼠单克隆抗细菌AP抗体(密苏里州圣路易斯市的西格玛公司)包被的板。将板温育1小时,洗涤,根据制造商的建议,用Attophos底物(印地安那州印第安纳波利斯市的罗氏公司)发展信号,并且使用具有440nm激发和550nm发射的MolecularDevices M5读板机进行读数。结果在表2中示出。
本发明现已完整描述,但对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将显而易见的是,在不脱离本发明所附权利要求的精神和范围的前提下,可对本发明进行多种修改和变型。
Claims (11)
1. 一种分离的多肽,包含具有SEQ ID NOs: 1-13中所示序列的多肽。
2. 一种包含编码多肽的多核苷酸的分离的多核苷酸,所述多肽包含SEQ ID NOs: 1-13中所示的氨基酸序列。
3. 一种分离的多核苷酸,包含具有SEQ ID NOs: 14-26中所示序列或其互补序列的多核苷酸。
4. 一种分离的载体,包含具有SEQ ID NOs: 14-26中所示序列的多核苷酸。
5. 根据权利要求4所述的载体,其中所述载体是表达载体。
6. 一种分离的宿主细胞,包含权利要求4所述的载体。
7. 一种分离的融合蛋白,包含融合至第二多肽的具有SEQ ID NOs: 1-13中所示序列的多肽。
8. 根据权利要求7所述的融合蛋白,其中所述第二多肽编码免疫球蛋白或其片段。
9. 一种表达多肽的方法,包括以下步骤:
a. 提供权利要求6所述的宿主细胞;以及
b. 在足以表达具有SEQ ID NOs: 1-13中所示序列的多肽的条件下培养所述宿主细胞。
10. 一种用于在整个内皮细胞上递送治疗剂的方法,包括:
a. 使所述治疗剂与包含具有SEQ ID NOs: 1、2、4、8或12中所示序列的多肽的多肽缀合以形成缀合物;
b. 使所述缀合物与所述内皮细胞接触;以及
c. 测量在整个所述内皮细胞上递送的缀合物的量。
11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述内皮细胞形成血脑屏障。
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