A kind of power coupling apparatus of hybrid power vehicle and speed change system
Technical field
The present invention relates to hybrid vehicle, specifically, filled the present invention relates to a kind of coupling of hybrid electric vehicle power
Put and speed change system.
Background technology
At present, hybrid vehicle is divided into three types by motor is different with the connected mode of engine, one be only with
Electromobile, engine is used as " series hybrid-power " automobile for being charged to motor, two be and meanwhile using motor with
Engine is as " parallel hybrid power " vehicle of power drive running car, and three be to use above two mode " connection in series-parallel
Hybrid power " or for " parallel-serial hybrid power " automobile.Wherein, " parallel hybrid power " automobile is because of its complicated, axial chi
It is very little big, difficult arrangement, due to be arranged in forerunner's prefix type hybrid electric vehicle power it is more difficult.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of power coupling apparatus of hybrid power vehicle of compact.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:A kind of hybrid electric vehicle power coupling
Attach together and put, the dynamic coupling device is located in the casing of automotive transmission, dynamic coupling device includes motor, planetary gear train, system
Dynamic device and clutch, motor are integrated with planetary gear train, and motor includes the sun gear of stator and rotor, rotor and planetary gear train
Connection, the clutch end of engine and the gear ring of planetary gear train are connected, the input shaft of gearbox and the planet carrier of planetary gear train
Connection, the power of engine is output to speed changer through gear ring, and the clutch end connection of brake and engine, brake is used for
The locking and release of engine are controlled, clutch is located between gear ring and sun gear, clutch is used to control sun gear and gear ring
Combination with separating, brake and clutch are separated or combined by automotive control system control.
In stationary vehicle, vehicle hangs P grades or uses wheel braking, and starter drives engine to start, the brake
With the clutch separation, engine is in releasing orientation, and the gear ring is in released state with the sun gear, and engine leads to
Crossing the planetary gear train drives the motor reversely to dally.
In vehicle pure motor driving, the brake locking, the engine is in the lock state, the clutch point
From the gear ring is in released state with the sun gear, and power is transferred to described by the motor by the planetary gear train
Speed changer, the output torque of motor is amplified by planetary gear train.
When vehicle parking generates electricity, vehicle hangs P grades or uses wheel braking, the brake and the clutch separation,
The engine output, engine drives the motor reversely to dally by the planetary gear train, and motor is in generating shape
State.
When vehicle is started to walk by engine driving, vehicle turns D grades or R grades by P grades, unclamps vehicle brake pedal, institute
Brake and the clutch separation are stated, engine rotates forward output positive-torque, motor reversal output positive-torque, dynamic coupling device
Export positive-torque to speed changer and drive vehicle start;Motor simultaneously ramps up positive rotating speed by negative rotating speed, until same with engine
Rotating speed, clutch switches to bonding state, and vehicle enters parallel drive state, and motor provides auxiliary power, engine and motor
Common driving vehicle traveling.
When vehicle is in high speed parallel drive, the brake separation, the clutch is combined, the engine stop
Oil spout, the motor rotates forward and exports negative torque, and motor enters power generation mode, reclaims vehicle energy.
When vehicle is in the regenerative braking under speed-regulating mode, and vehicle be in when running at a low speed, the brake locks
Fixed, the clutch separation, motor rotates forward output braking torque, and motor enters power generation mode, reclaims vehicle energy.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of hybrid power using above-mentioned dynamic coupling device
Speed control system of car, it also includes speed changer and synchronizer changement, and speed changer is connected to synchronizer changement and power
Between coupling device, the power of engine is output to speed changer through dynamic coupling device.
The speed changer is CVT bunchers.
The present invention uses above-mentioned technical proposal, compared with prior art, can cancel fluid torque-converter in original gearbox
And planetary gear changement, and dynamic coupling device is become one with gearbox, occupy original fluid torque-converter and planet
The space of changement is taken turns so that dynamic coupling device compact overall structure, so as to improve the integrated level of power assembly system, just
In the transplanting to different automobile types platform;This speed change system uses synchronizer reversing mode, with original planetary gear reversing mode ratio, tool
There is simple in construction, efficiency high;Being started to walk without sliding formwork for vehicle can be realized in this dynamic coupling device, no frictional energy is damaged
Consumption, can substitute the fluid torque-converter of conventional gearbox, and then improve the efficiency of system;The engine of this dynamic coupling device and
Motor is connected with the gear ring and sun gear of planet gear transmission system respectively, can be original using the twin shaft input characteristics of planetary gear train
Further expand ratio coverage on the basis of gearbox, so as to improve the dynamic property of vehicle, also allow for optimizing the work of engine
The economy of point raising vehicle;Using this power coupling and device, vehicle can realize all hybrid power functions, such as pure electric walking
Sail, engine starting, power-assisted, regenerative braking, the function, especially high speed such as speed governing driving and regenerative braking when, can be by
Clutch locks, into paralleling model, can further improve the dynamic property of vehicle;Speed change system uses the side of single motor
Formula realizes plug-in hybrid function, has the advantages that cost is low;This dynamic coupling device has compact conformation, transmission efficiency
High, the low plurality of advantages of cost, disclosure satisfy that the coupling demand of plug-in and non-plug-in hybrid system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the dynamic coupling device of the present invention and the principle schematic of speed change system;
The principle schematic that Fig. 2 is connected for the dynamic coupling device and speed change system of the present invention with the other parts of vehicle;
For dynamic coupling device of the invention, in stationary vehicle, arrow represents energy flow to Fig. 3 in operating diagram, figure
Direction;
The speed lever relationshhip figure of engine and motor when Fig. 4 works for the corresponding dynamic coupling devices of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 starts arrow in operating diagram during engine, figure for the dynamic coupling device of the present invention when vehicle is travelled
Head represents energy flow direction;
The speed lever relationshhip figure of engine and motor when Fig. 6 works for the corresponding dynamic coupling devices of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is arrow table in operating diagram of the dynamic coupling device of the present invention when vehicle is pure motor driving, figure
Show energy flow direction;
Zs in the speed lever relationshhip figure of engine and motor when Fig. 8 works for the corresponding dynamic coupling devices of Fig. 7, figure
For the sun gear number of teeth, Zr is the gear ring number of teeth;
Fig. 9 for the dynamic coupling device of the present invention in vehicle parking, motor is generated electricity when operating diagram, in figure
Arrow represents energy flow direction;
In the speed lever relationshhip figure of engine and motor when Figure 10 works for the corresponding dynamic coupling devices of Fig. 9, figure
Zs is the sun gear number of teeth, and Zr is the gear ring number of teeth;
Arrow in operating diagrams of the Figure 11 for dynamic coupling device of the invention when motor-powered vehicle is started to walk, figure
Represent energy flow direction;
In the speed lever relationshhip figure of engine and motor when Figure 12 works for the corresponding dynamic coupling devices of Fig. 9, figure
Zs is the sun gear number of teeth, and Zr is the gear ring number of teeth;
Arrow represents energy stream in operating diagrams of the Figure 13 for dynamic coupling device of the invention in parallel drive, figure
Dynamic direction;
The speed lever relationshhip figure of engine and motor when Figure 14 works for the corresponding dynamic coupling devices of Figure 13;
Arrow table in operating diagrams of the Figure 15 for dynamic coupling device of the invention in regenerative braking in parallel at a high speed, figure
Show energy flow direction;
The speed lever relationshhip figure of engine and motor when Figure 16 works for the corresponding dynamic coupling devices of Figure 15;
The speed of engines and motor of the Figure 17 for dynamic coupling device of the invention under speed-regulating mode during regenerative braking
Lever relationshhip figure;
Engines of the Figure 18 for dynamic coupling device of the invention in low speed during speed in parallel is reduced to during regenerative braking
With the speed lever relationshhip figure of motor;
Mark in above-mentioned figure is:1st, speed changer;2nd, synchronizer changement;3rd, stator;4th, rotor;5th, brake;
6th, clutch;7th, gear ring;8th, sun gear;9th, engine;10th, motor;11st, planetary gear train.
Embodiment
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of hybrid vehicle speed change system of the invention, it includes speed changer 1, synchronizer and changed
To mechanism 2 and dynamic coupling device, speed changer 1 is connected between synchronizer changement 2 and dynamic coupling device, engine 9
Power be output to speed changer 1 through dynamic coupling device.The speed changer 1 is CVT bunchers.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the dynamic coupling device of hybrid vehicle speed change system is located in the casing of speed changer 1,
The dynamic coupling device includes motor 10, planetary gear train 11, brake 5 and clutch 6, motor 10 and planetary gear train 11 integrated one
Body, motor 10 includes stator 3 and rotor 4, and rotor 4 is connected with the sun gear 8 of planetary gear train 11, the clutch end of engine 9
It is connected with the gear ring 7 of planetary gear train 11, the input shaft of gearbox is connected with the planet carrier of planetary gear train 11, the power of engine 9
Speed changer 1 is output to through gear ring 7, brake 5 is connected with the clutch end of engine 9, brake 5 is used to control engine 9
Locking and release, clutch 6 is located between gear ring 7 and sun gear 8, and clutch 6 is used for the knot for controlling sun gear 8 and gear ring 7
Close with separating, brake 5 and clutch 6 are separated or combined by automotive control system control.
Based on the power coupling and device, vehicle can realize all hybrid power functions, such as pure motor driving, engine 9
The functions such as starting, power-assisted, regenerative braking, speed governing driving and regenerative braking, pass through the control to clutch 6 and brake 5
The switching of each mode of operation can be realized.Especially high speed when, clutch 6 can be combined, into paralleling model, one can be entered
Step improves the dynamic property of vehicle.Specifically when realizing each hybrid power function, the working condition of dynamic coupling device is as described below:
1st, Fig. 3 is that stationary vehicle engine 9 is started:Vehicle hangs P grades or wheel braking, and brake 5 is separated, 6 points of clutch
From starter drives engine 9, and engine 9 drives gear ring 7 to rotate, and gear ring 7 drives sun gear 8 to rotate, the band of sun gear 8
1,2 be that starting process switches figure in the dynamic opposite direction of motor 10 idle running, Fig. 4.
2nd, Fig. 5 is starting engine 9 in vehicle traveling:Brake 5 is separated, and clutch 6 is separated, and motor 10 does not drive, and is risen
Motivation drives engine 9 to start, and 1,2,3 states are that engine 9 starts switching figure in Fig. 6, are constantly carried with the rotating speed of engine 9
Height, engine 9 drives gear ring 7 to rotate, and the rotating speed of sun gear 8 is constantly reduced, until the idle running of the opposite direction of motor 10.
3rd, Fig. 7 is pure motor driving:Brake 5 is locked, and clutch 6 is separated, and gear ring 7 is fixed, and motor 10 drives too
Sun wheel 8 is rotated, and sun gear 8 drives planetary gear to rotate, and power is transferred to speed changer 1 by planet carrier, and now motor 10 individually drives
It can be seen that the output torque of motor 10 is amplified by planetary gear in dynamic vehicle, Fig. 8, thus ensure that the pure electronic of vehicle plus
Fast performance.
4th, Fig. 9 generates electricity for parking:Vehicle hangs P grades or wheel braking, and brake 5 is separated, and clutch 6 is separated, and engine 9 is just
Transfer out positive-torque, the power output of engine 9.The planet carrier of planetary gear train is fixed, and engine 9 drives gear ring 7 to rotate, gear ring 7
Sun gear 8 is driven to rotate by planetary gear, the idle running of the opposite direction of 8 drive motor of sun gear 10, motor 10 is inverted, positive-torque, is absorbed
Power, in generating state.The speed lever diagram of engine 9 and motor 10 when Figure 10 generates electricity for parking.
5th, Figure 11 is that engine 9 drives vehicle start:Vehicle turns D grades by P grades(Or R grades), unclamp vehicle brake pedal;System
Dynamic device 5 is separated, and clutch 6 is separated, and engine 9 rotates forward output positive-torque;Motor 10 is reversion when engine 9 is just started, just
Moment of torsion, system output positive-torque driving vehicle start.
When motor 10 by negative rotating speed accelerates to positive rotating speed, until synchronized with engine 9, clutch 6 switches to bonding state,
Gear ring 7 and the synchronous axial system of sun gear 8, vehicle enter parallel drive state.1,2,3,4,5,6 be that each status transition is illustrated in Figure 12
Figure, during to state 6, clutch 6 is combined.
6th, Figure 14 is parallel drive:In this mode, brake 5 is separated, and clutch 6 is combined, and can be divided into shown in Figure 14
Several situations:
(1)Such as Figure 14(a), engine 9 drives, and the electrical connection between motor 10 and high-tension battery disconnects, and motor 10 is only empty
Turn, be zero moment of torsion in low speed;
(2)Such as Figure 14(b), engine 9 drives, the power-assisted of motor 10, engine 9 and motor 10 driving vehicle jointly;
(3)Such as Figure 14(c), engine 9 driven, and motor 10 is rotated forward, negative twist, into power generation mode, gives high-tension battery charging.
7th, when Figure 15 is parallel connection at a high speed, brake 5 is separated, and clutch 6 is combined, and engine 9 stops oil spout, and motor 10 is just
Turn, negative twist, into power generation mode, reclaim vehicle energy.
8th, Figure 17 is the regenerative braking under speed-regulating mode, and brake 5 is separated, and clutch 6 is separated,
A, vehicle high-speed operation, during into regenerative braking, clutch 6 is combined, and into braking mode in parallel at a high speed, is seen
Figure 16 state descriptions;
B, speed are higher, and motor 10 is rotated forward there is provided braking torque, force the rotating speed of engine 9 to improve, and produce larger towing astern and turn round
Square, Figure 17(a)In 1,2 be state switch signal;
C, in low speed when, close engine 9, lock brake 5, motor 10 rotates forward, braking torque is exported, into generating
State, Figure 17(b)In 1,2 be state switch signal;
9th, Figure 18 is that speed in parallel is reduced to middle low speed, and engine 9 is closed, and brake 5 is locked, motor 10 rotate forward it is anti-twisted,
Braking torque is provided, and generates electricity and realizes in energy regenerating, figure that 1,2 be that state switches signal.
The present invention is exemplarily described above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, it is clear that the present invention is implemented not by aforesaid way
Limitation, as long as the improvement of the various unsubstantialities of inventive concept and technical scheme of the present invention progress is employed, or without changing
Enter and the design of the present invention and technical scheme are directly applied into other occasions, within protection scope of the present invention.