CN102992682B - Universal polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Universal polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102992682B CN102992682B CN201210376030.3A CN201210376030A CN102992682B CN 102992682 B CN102992682 B CN 102992682B CN 201210376030 A CN201210376030 A CN 201210376030A CN 102992682 B CN102992682 B CN 102992682B
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- reducing agent
- water reducing
- polycarboxylic acid
- reducer
- acid water
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- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- JPAOMENBKRZQDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC=CC.[Na] Chemical compound CC=CC.[Na] JPAOMENBKRZQDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DKIDEFUBRARXTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-mercaptopropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCS DKIDEFUBRARXTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004160 Ammonium persulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019395 ammonium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004574 high-performance concrete Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- SZHIIIPPJJXYRY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-methylprop-2-ene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=C)CS([O-])(=O)=O SZHIIIPPJJXYRY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007974 melamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 methylpropene sodium sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfamate Chemical compound NS([O-])(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a universal polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and a preparation method thereof. The universal polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is of a liquid state and has the solid content of 40%. The universal polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is the water reducing agent which is prepared from monomers such as allyl polyether, and maleic anhydride, (meth)acrylic acid or itaconic acid, methyl acrylate and sodium methallyl sulfonate through polymerization under the effects of a molecular weight chain initiator and a chain transfer agent and neutralization; and the water reducing agent contains carboxyl, sulfonic group and an allyl polyether side chain. The universal polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent disclosed by the invention is low in alkali content, high in water-reducing rate, labor-saving in concrete operation, simple in production process, easy in reaction condition control and free of environmental pollution; the cement mixture has high mobility and slump keeping property, and good peaceability; and the universal polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent disclosed by the invention can be used as an important component of high-performance concrete, and can be widely applied to stirred and cast-in-place concrete and ready-mixed concrete for various industrial and civil buildings.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to concrete admixture field, be specifically related to a kind of high performance water reducing agent of polyocarboxy acid and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Compared with the high efficiency water reducing agents such as naphthalene system, melamine series, sulfamate, polycarboxylate water-reducer has more excellent performance, the features such as outstanding behaviours is that volume is low, water-reducing rate is high, fresh concrete mobility and slump retaining is good, lower shrinkage, enhancing potentiality large, environmental friendliness, therefore high performance water reducing agent of polyocarboxy acid has become the representative of concrete admixture last word, and its investigation and application obtains the great attention of domestic and international professional and technical personnel and workmen.
In recent years, research and development and the production application of domestic high performance water reducing agent of polyocarboxy acid are obtained for large development, market product is progressively developed to the direction that product multi items, performance and price are multi-level by the situation that original kind is relatively single just gradually, but it is relatively better that this area still lacks a kind of performance, the universal polycarboxylic water reducer of advantage of lower cost.
Summary of the invention
In order to meet the needs of prior art, the invention discloses a kind of universal polycarboxylic water reducer, described universal polycarboxylic water reducer overcomes water reducer complex manufacturing in the past, the shortcoming that slump retaining is poor or cost is higher, excellent performance and stable, its preparation method is simple, and easy control of reaction conditions, is easy to suitability for industrialized production.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of general polycarboxylate water-reducer, molecular weight is 10000-50000, and chemical structural formula is:
Preferably, applicant finds that when general polycarboxylate water-reducer molecular weight is 20000-30000, R be methyl CH
3, during n=40-45, it has best performance as water reducer.
On the basis of the above, the invention discloses the preparation method of described general polycarboxylate water-reducer, comprise following two steps: (1) adds acrylic or methacrylic acid and methylpropene sodium sulfonate and methyl acrylate in allyl polyether and the maleic anhydride aqueous solution, with ammonium persulphate or Sodium Persulfate as initiator, Thiovanic acid or thiohydracrylic acid are as chain-transfer agent, carry out polyreaction at 60 ~ 80 DEG C, described initiator adds at 90 ~ 110min; (2) after having reacted, neutralize pH=6 ~ 7 with sodium hydroxide solution or ethylenediamine solution, obtain the polycarboxylate water-reducer solution of 40%.
Wherein, the usage ratio of each composition can adjust according to practical situation, usually in following ranges: the molar ratio of allyl polyether and maleic anhydride is 1: 1.0 ~ 4.5; Methyl acrylate: methylpropene sodium sulfonate: (methyl) acrylic acid molar ratio is 1: 1: 1.0 ~ 4.0; Initiator amount is 1% ~ 8% of polymerization single polymerization monomer mole number; Chain-transfer agent is 0.5% ~ 1.5% of polymerization single polymerization monomer consumption.
Preferably, the molar ratio of described allyl polyether and maleic anhydride is 1: 3.0; Methyl acrylate: methylpropene sodium sulfonate: (methyl) acrylic acid molar ratio is 1: 1: 2.0.
Preferably, described initiator amount is 5.6% of polymerization single polymerization monomer mole number; Described chain-transfer agent is 0.75% of polymerization single polymerization monomer consumption.
Acrylic acid phraseology that it should be noted that applicant employs herein (methyl), for representing following meanings: vinylformic acid and/or methacrylic acid.
Compared with other preparation method; the synthesis of polycarboxylic acid concrete water reducer of the present invention utilizes in allyl polyether and the maleic anhydride aqueous solution, add the sour and methyl acrylate of acrylic or methacrylic and methylpropene sodium sulfonate copolymerization; without the need to nitrogen protection; temperature of reaction is constant; addition programs is simple, and reaction conditions is easy to control.
Polyacrylic acid series concrete water-reducing agent of the present invention is used for concrete batching, and when this water reducer volume of 20wt% concentration is 1% of cement weight, the concrete mix slump can reach more than 18cm; When volume is 1%, water-reducing rate can reach 27%; Not chloride ion-containing, to reinforcing bar non-corrosiveness; Concrete 28d shrinking percentage comparatively naphthalene system analog high efficiency water reducing agent reduces by more than 20%; The adaptation of product is strong, is adapted to the cement (especially southern cement) of plurality of specifications, model, and product performance are stablized, and long storage periods is not stratified, without precipitation, winter nodeless mesh; The advantages such as product nontoxic pollution-free, does not contain formaldehyde, environmentally safe.
Applicant found through experiments, and in preferably situation, namely molecular weight is 20000-30000, R is methyl CH
3, during n=40-45, described polyacrylic acid series concrete water-reducing agent is used for concrete batching, and when this water reducer volume of 20wt% concentration is 1% of cement weight, the concrete mix slump can reach more than 25cm; When volume is 1%, water-reducing rate can reach 35%; Concrete 28d shrinking percentage comparatively naphthalene system analog high efficiency water reducing agent reduces by more than 40%.
Embodiment
In the following embodiments, the proportioning of each reactant is as follows; Allyl polyether and maleic anhydride are 1: 3.0; Methyl acrylate: methylpropene sodium sulfonate: (methyl) acrylic acid molar ratio is 1: 1: 2.0; Initiator amount is 1% ~ 8% of polymerization minor comonomer mole number, and optimum amount is 5.6%; Chain-transfer agent is 0.5% ~ 1.5% of polymerization single polymerization monomer consumption, and optimum amount is 0.75%;
Following embodiment only understands invention essence of the present invention better for subsidiary book those skilled in the art, but not is construed as limiting.The change that those skilled in the art are carried out on this basis, replacement still belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: optimum proportioning
Be that the allyl polyether of 2000,15 parts of maleic anhydrides and water are some by 100.00 parts of molecular weight, put into reaction vessel, heat up, at 70 ± 5 DEG C of temperature, stirring makes reactant dissolve completely, drip in container be again dissolved with 10.80 parts of vinylformic acid, the aqueous solution of 4.74 parts of methylpropene sodium sulfonates, 2.13 parts of methyl acrylates and 40 parts of deionized waters and 24.00 part of 5% ammonium persulfate solution and 10.00 parts of mass percents be 10% solution dredge base ethanol, control rate of addition, dripped off at 100 ± 10 minutes, maintain the temperature at 70 ± 5 DEG C, continue reaction 4 hours.Add 2.53 part of 40% sodium hydroxide solution after cooling again and regulate PH=6.5 ± 0.5, obtain poly-carboxylic high-performance cement water reducing agent of the present invention.
Embodiment 2
Be the Soxylat A 25-7 of 2000 by 100.00 parts of molecular weight, 15 parts of maleic anhydrides and 100.00 parts of water, put into reaction vessel, heat up, at 70 ± 5 DEG C of temperature, stirring makes reactant dissolve completely, drip in container again and be dissolved with 10.80 parts of vinylformic acid, 4.74 part methylpropene sodium sulfonate, the aqueous solution of 2.13 parts of methyl acrylates and 52 parts of deionized waters and 12.00 part of 5% ammonium persulfate solution and 10.00 parts of mass percents be 10% solution dredge base ethanol, control rate of addition, dripped off at 100 ± 10 minutes, maintain the temperature at 70 ± 5 DEG C, continue reaction 4 hours.Add 2.53 part of 40% sodium hydroxide solution after cooling again and regulate PH=6.5 ± 0.5, obtain poly-carboxylic high-performance cement water reducing agent of the present invention.
Embodiment 3
Be the Soxylat A 25-7 of 2000 by 100.00 parts of molecular weight, 15 parts of maleic anhydrides and 100.00 parts of water, put into reaction vessel, heat up, at 80 ± 5 DEG C of temperature, stirring makes reactant dissolve completely, drip in container again and be dissolved with 10.80 parts of vinylformic acid, 4.74 part methylpropene sodium sulfonate, the aqueous solution of 2.13 parts of methyl acrylates and 47 parts of deionized waters and 12.00 part of 5% ammonium persulfate solution and 15.00 parts of mass percents be 10% solution dredge base ethanol, control rate of addition, dripped off at 100 ± 10 minutes, maintain the temperature at 80 ± 5 DEG C, continue reaction 4 hours.Add 2.53 part of 40% sodium hydroxide solution after cooling again and regulate PH=6.5 ± 0.5, obtain poly-carboxylic high-performance cement water reducing agent of the present invention.
Embodiment 4
Be the Soxylat A 25-7 of 2000 by 100.00 parts of molecular weight, 15 parts of maleic anhydrides and 100.00 parts of deionized waters, put into reaction vessel, heat up, at 80 ± 5 DEG C of temperature, stirring makes reactant dissolve completely, drip in container again and be dissolved with 10.80 parts of vinylformic acid, 4.74 part methylpropene sodium sulfonate, the aqueous solution of 2.13 parts of methyl acrylates and 35 parts of deionized waters and 24.00 part of 5% ammonium persulfate solution and 15.00 parts of mass percents are the thin base ethanolic soln of 10%, control rate of addition, dripped off at 100 ± 10 minutes, maintain the temperature at 80 ± 5 DEG C, continue reaction 4 hours.Add 2.53 part of 40% sodium hydroxide solution after cooling again and regulate PH=6.5 ± 0.5, obtain poly-carboxylic high-performance cement water reducing agent of the present invention.
The above-mentioned general polycarboxylate water-reducer that the present invention provides, according to paste flowing degree test (GB/T8077-2000): adopt reference cement, test flowing degree of net paste of cement according to GB/T8077-87, detected result is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1: performance test results
shown in concrete slump retaining situation result following table 2:
Situation experimental result of collapsing protected by table 2
Claims (4)
1. a general polycarboxylate water-reducer, is characterized in that, chemical structural formula is
Molecular weight is 20000-30000, R is methyl CH
3, n=40-45; Wherein, prepare in the following manner at this water reducer: (1) adds acrylic or methacrylic acid and methylpropene sodium sulfonate and methyl acrylate in allyl polyether and the maleic anhydride aqueous solution, with ammonium persulphate or Sodium Persulfate as initiator, Thiovanic acid or thiohydracrylic acid are as chain-transfer agent, carry out polyreaction at 60 ~ 80 DEG C, described initiator adds at 90 ~ 110min; (2) after having reacted, neutralize pH=6 ~ 7 with sodium hydroxide solution or ethylenediamine solution, obtain the polycarboxylate water-reducer solution of 40%;
Wherein, the molar ratio of allyl polyether and maleic anhydride is 1: 3.0; Methyl acrylate: methylpropene sodium sulfonate: (methyl) acrylic acid molar ratio is 1: 1: 2.0; Initiator amount is 1% ~ 8% of polymerization single polymerization monomer mole number; Chain-transfer agent is 0.5% ~ 1.5% of polymerization single polymerization monomer consumption.
2. general polycarboxylate water-reducer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, initiator amount is 5.6% of polymerization single polymerization monomer mole number.
3. general polycarboxylate water-reducer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, chain-transfer agent is 0.75% of polymerization single polymerization monomer consumption.
4. general polycarboxylate water-reducer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, polymerization reaction time is 6 ± 0.5h.
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| CN103396031B (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2016-03-02 | 北京东方雨虹防水技术股份有限公司 | A kind of carboxylic acid water reducer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104496253B (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2017-02-08 | 东方雨虹民用建材有限责任公司 | Special early-strength polycarboxylate superplasticizer for prefabricated parts and preparation method of special early-strength polycarboxylate superplasticizer |
| CN105153375B (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2018-06-22 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of method with RAFT methods synthesis polycarboxylate water-reducer |
| CN105778011B (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2018-03-06 | 山东世纪华新建材科技有限公司 | A kind of diminishing, the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer for protecting modeling and preparation method thereof |
| CN108752538A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-06 | 江苏百瑞吉新材料有限公司 | A kind of high overlength of system containing mud guarantor is collapsed concrete tailored version poly carboxylic acid series water reducer |
| CN110818375A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-02-21 | 甘昌成 | Aerated concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN116178617A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-05-30 | 江苏超力建材科技有限公司 | Star-shaped high-performance polycarboxylate superplasticizer and preparation method thereof |
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| US6176921B1 (en) * | 1998-03-03 | 2001-01-23 | Takemoto Yushi Kabushiki Kaisha | Cement dispersants and method of producing concrete by using same |
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| CN101333091A (en) * | 2007-06-25 | 2008-12-31 | 深圳市海川实业股份有限公司 | Method for preparing high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid |
| CN101538134A (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2009-09-23 | 大连市建筑科学研究设计院股份有限公司 | Polyether class polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| US6176921B1 (en) * | 1998-03-03 | 2001-01-23 | Takemoto Yushi Kabushiki Kaisha | Cement dispersants and method of producing concrete by using same |
| CN101333091A (en) * | 2007-06-25 | 2008-12-31 | 深圳市海川实业股份有限公司 | Method for preparing high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid |
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Effective date of registration: 20170407 Address after: 414009 Industrial Park, Yunxi District, Hunan, Yueyang Patentee after: Yueyang Oriental Yuhong Waterproof Technology Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Beijing Oriental Yuhong Waterproof Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 100123 Beijing, Gaobeidian, Kang Kang home district, building 4, building No. Patentee before: Beijing Oriental Yuhong Waterproof Technology Co., Ltd. |
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