CN102947198A - 通过离心法制备饮料的胶囊、系统和方法 - Google Patents
通过离心法制备饮料的胶囊、系统和方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于制备饮料的胶囊,所述胶囊包括容器和容纳在所述容器中的饮料配料,其中所述容器包括适合于由外部读取装置(62)识别或读取的编码,所述编码布置在所述容器上以便在所述胶囊围绕穿过所述胶囊的旋转轴线旋转的同时被读取。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及通过在饮料生产设备中使用容纳饮料配料的胶囊来制备饮料。本发明尤其针对胶囊的探测。
背景技术
通过容纳饮料配料的胶囊来制备饮料是已知的。一般而言,胶囊被插入诸如咖啡机之类的饮料生产设备中,液体被供给到胶囊中,并且在压力下或通过重力从胶囊提取饮料。
通过利用离心分离来制备饮料是已知的。该原理主要包括:在胶囊的容器中提供饮料配料、向容器中供给液体和使容器以提高的速度旋转以确保液体与粉末的相互作用,同时在容器中形成液体的压力梯度;这种压力从容器的中央朝容器的周边逐渐升高。随着液体横穿咖啡床,发生咖啡复合物的提取并且获得在容器的周边流出的液体提取物。
术语“胶囊”指的是容纳饮料配料的任何柔性、刚性或半刚性容器。胶囊的其他同义词是:“料理包(pod)”、“垫包(pad)”、“料盒(cartridge)”或“囊袋(sachet)”。胶囊可以是一次性使用的。容器也可以由用户就在使用前充填配料以形成胶囊。
术语“配料”是指任何合适的饮料物质,诸如研磨咖啡、可溶咖啡、叶茶、可溶茶、花草茶、奶粉、婴儿食品、烹调用粉以及它们的组合。
本发明更具体地涉及借助于编码来识别胶囊。可能需要编码来控制饮料制备设备中的参数,诸如液体或饮料流量、压力、旋转速度、温度及其组合。
EP0451980涉及容纳有用于制备饮料的食品的包装件。识别装置可以包括:施加至包装件本体的一条或多条磁性材料,其可以由合适的磁传感器读取;施加至包装件本体的一个或多个成形或分开的金属箔区域,其对包装件在机器中的运动产生感应作用,所述感应作用可以被感测;或者,形成在包装件本体上的一个或多个导电区域,所述导电区域可以被电气地感测。
WO02/28241涉及一种用于在制备热饮或冷饮时使用的编码咖啡包,其包括限定一腔室的过滤器和位于该腔室内的冲泡配料。该包还包括位于过滤器上的机器可识别特征,诸如颜色、形状、雕刻文字(glyph)、文本串、条码或数字水印。
WO02/078498涉及一种在容纳用于意式浓咖啡机的研磨咖啡的分份包装件上的机器可读取标识符。该标识符可以是同心条码,当胶囊绕布置在其周边外部的轴线转动时,例如当胶囊被储存在旋转式传送带(carousel)中时,可以读取所述同心条码。
WO2005044067涉及一种用于识别胶囊的系统,所述胶囊具有印刷在其上的在UV光下可见的编码或诸如缎带(ribbon)或标签之类的磁性编码。所述编码可由转动的磁读取头读取。然而,这种系统不适合利用用于提取饮料的离心力来检测设备中的胶囊。
WO2009007292涉及一种用于在冲泡室正在从打开位置到关闭位置关闭时读取饮料机中的条码的方法。
WO2010/026053涉及一种使用离心力的受控饮料生产设备。胶囊可包括条码,该条码设置在胶囊的外侧表面上,并且使得能够检测胶囊的类型和/或设置在胶囊内的配料的性质,以便针对要制备的饮料施加预定提取曲线。
在饮料制备机器中识别胶囊的一个问题是,从胶囊检索或读取信息并非始终是可靠或方便的。本发明带来了此问题的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提出一种用于识别饮料生产机器内的胶囊的改进的方法,以确保更可靠和方便的检索或读取信息,以便调节该机器的工作参数。
通过这样一种用于制备饮料的胶囊来实现该目的,即,该胶囊包括容器和被容纳在容器中的饮料配料,其中,容器包括适合于由外部读取装置识别或读取的编码,该编码布置在容器上以便在胶囊围绕穿过胶囊的旋转轴线旋转的同时被读取。
更具体地,该胶囊具有圆周,其中所述编码沿该圆周的弧形或圆形路径布置在容器上。在一个特定模式中,该胶囊具有圆周,其中编码包括单个为直线的但基本沿圆周的至少一部分延伸的连续节段。更特别地,编码沿圆周的至少八分之一布置。这种构型提供了信息的可靠读取或检索以及用于信息的有效部分。为了确保信息的可靠读取或检索,编码沿所述圆周重复。这种重复确保至少一个编码可读取的较高可能性,还可以潜在地减少读取时间。
优选地,所述编码是光学编码。编码可以是通过印刷在容器上和/或压印在容器中的一系列分散的多边形(例如,长方形或正方形)或圆点表面形成的位元(bit)编码。
编码可通过人眼在自然光下可见的墨水或可选择地通过人眼在自然光下不可见的墨水(例如,在UV下可见的墨水)来印刷。
优选地,所述编码被印刷或压印形成这样的图案,即,该图案包括对光具有不同的反射和/或吸收性能的表面。特别地,该图案包括对光具有不同的反射和/或吸收性能的第一表面和第二表面。更具体地,该图案包括对光具有倾斜镜射(mirroring)或吸收性能的第一表面,和对光具有平直(flat)镜射或平直反射性能的第二表面。
在一个可能的模式中,编码通过激光或通过其他装置例如压机被机械地压印或雕刻在容器上。
在一个实施例中,容器包括本体和与本体连接的盖体,其中编码设置在容器的盖体上。例如,盖体可以是封闭的箔和/或过滤器。
在另一个实施例中,编码设置在胶囊的凸边(rim)上。在最优选的实施例中,编码设置在胶囊凸边的与胶囊的盖体相对的底部上。凸边的底部充分远离液体注入和饮料输送区域,使得编码在例如部分或全部被饮料残留物或其他物质(例如,咖啡颗粒)隐藏或玷污的情况下变得不可读取的风险较低。结果,使得读取更加可靠。也可在胶囊在饮料生产设备中就位的同时执行读取。因此,简化了饮料的制备并且可以减少制备时间。
本发明还涉及一种由如上所述的胶囊来制备饮料的系统,所述系统还包括饮料制备设备;该设备包括用于保持胶囊的胶囊保持装置,用于驱动保持装置和胶囊沿所述旋转轴线旋转的旋转驱动装置,以及布置成在胶囊沿所述轴线旋转时读取编码的读取装置。
特别地,读取装置可包括光发射器和光传感器。在一个替代方案中,读取装置包括感应传感器。光学读取装置或感应传感器可设置成检测胶囊凸边上的编码。
本发明还涉及一种由包括如上所述的胶囊和饮料制备设备的系统来制备饮料的方法;其中该设备包括用于将胶囊保持在其中的胶囊保持装置,用于驱动保持装置和胶囊沿所述旋转轴线旋转的旋转驱动装置,以及布置成在胶囊沿所述轴线旋转时读取编码的读取装置。
在所附权利要求和以下详细说明中进一步描述本发明。
附图说明
借助于以下详细描述和附图将更好地理解本发明,这些描述和附图作为本发明实施例的非限制性示例给出,其中:
-图1示出离心法提取的基本原理,
-图2示出胶囊的盖体表面上的标记的读取方法,
-图3示出不存在标记的读取方法,
-图4示出特别是当布置在胶囊凸边的下侧时胶囊上的编码的替代位置,以及装在提取装置的胶囊保持器中的胶囊,
-图5和6示出例如针对图4的编码的替代位置,激光源和处于正探测和负探测的探测器的组合,
-图7示出例如针对图4的编码的替代位置探测胶囊上的颜色编码。
具体实施方式
图1示出了如WO2010/026053中所述的饮料制备系统1的一个示例,本发明的胶囊可以用于该饮料制备系统。
离心单元2包括离心室3。室3可包括胶囊保持器和被接纳在其中的胶囊。离心单元与诸如旋转马达之类的驱动装置5连接。离心单元包括收集部和出口35。接收器48可以设置在出口下方以收集所提取的饮料。该系统还包括液体供应装置,诸如水储存器6和流体回路4。加热装置31也可设置在储存器中或者沿着流体回路设置。该液体供应装置还可包括与储存器连接的泵7。限流装置19设置成对离开胶囊的离心液体的流动形成限制。该系统还可包括用于对供给到室3中的水的流量提供控制的流量计,诸如流量计量涡轮8。计数器11可以与流量计量涡轮8连接以使得能够对所产生的脉冲数据10进行分析。然后分析后的数据被传送到处理器12。因此,可以实时计算流体回路4内液体的精确的实际流量。可设置用户界面13以允许用户输入信息,所述信息被传输到控制单元9。可以在WO2010/026053中找到该系统的更多特性。
在以下示例(参见图4)中,胶囊包括延伸出法兰状凸边73的杯形本体69。诸如箔或隔膜(液密或可透液体)之类的盖体60与本体连接,例如密封在所述凸边上。胶囊充填有诸如研磨咖啡之类的饮料配料。
该胶囊被设计为绕轴线A旋转。该轴线A与具有圆盘形式的隔膜的中心垂直地交叉。该轴线A在本体底部的中心离开。该轴线A将有助于定义“圆周”的概念,所述圆周是位于胶囊上并以轴线A作为基准轴线的圆形路径。该圆周可以位于盖体例如隔膜上或位于本体的部分上诸如法兰状凸边上。该盖体可在插入设备中之前是不透液体的,或者可以借助于设置在盖体中央和/或周边中的小的开口或孔隙透过液体。编码沿所述圆周或圆周的一部分散布。编码可包括连续的拱形节段。编码还可包括单个为直线但沿所述圆周的至少一部分延伸的连续节段。根据一个实施例,在胶囊不旋转的情况下,传感器不能读取编码。在编码沿圆周的至少八分之一、优选至少四分之一或甚至更多散布的情况下正是如此。编码沿弧形线布置的事实使得通过扫描射束进行读取变得非常困难。这是胶囊的旋转起到重要作用的原因。在编码位于本体上的情况下,需要旋转胶囊以使传感器接近组成该编码的整组标记。编码还定位在胶囊的周缘附近。所述周缘定义为胶囊的最外部圆形线。优选地,编码距周缘的距离不超过10mm,更优选地不超过8mm。
根据一个实施例,所述编码通过人眼在自然光下不可见的墨水(例如,在UV下可视的墨水)来印刷。在这种情况下,传感器还包括UV光束源和UV探测器。
编码优选沿所述圆周重复以便确保可靠的读取。编码在圆周上重复至少两次。优选地,编码在圆周上重复三到六次。编码的重复意味着相同编码被复制并且连续的编码沿圆周串联定位,使得在胶囊旋转360度后,可以探测或读取相同的编码超过一次。
示例:
1)在箔或在胶囊的凸边顶侧上进行光学读取(图2和3):
光束被投射到胶囊的盖体例如隔膜或箔60上,如图2所示。
形成编码61的多个位元沿圆形或弧形路径施加在胶囊的箔60上。
优选地,编码布置在盖体的平坦部分上并且靠近胶囊的周缘。编码优选布置在由胶囊的法兰状凸边支承或与该凸边重叠的盖体上。因此,编码由于机械约束而不会扭曲并且能够更可靠地读取。
标记可包括:
·用于提供位元“0”的镜射或吸收表面,以及
·用于提供位元“1”的漫射和反射表面
二进制值“0”和“1”是任意选择的并且可以调换。
通过使胶囊沿中心轴线A(图1)旋转来读取编码。
读取装置或传感器62是离心单元2的一部分并包括:
·带或不带聚焦镜片(focusing optic)的光源,和
·带或不带聚焦镜片的光传感器。
所述光可以是:
·非偏振的,或
·偏振的(激光),或
·光谱:任何光,但优选红外光。
编码可通过以下方式施加在胶囊上:
·印刷(吸收/反射+漫射),可见或不可见,或
·压印(镜射+粗反射+漫射)或
·激光雕刻。
可选地,位元编码也可包括与颜色读取装置结合的不同颜色图案。不同颜色和以特定旋转速度读取的结合导致被清晰限定的“混合色”。作为示例,一半圆周为蓝色且另一半圆周为黄色的胶囊将导致在旋转期间读取到绿色。以相同的方式,三分之一为蓝色且剩余部分为黄色将提供另一种颜色。在这种情况下,所述光可以是不带特定会聚装置的简单光源。
如图2所示,当通过传感器62的光源发送的光束63接触镜面编码图案(小的矩形65)时,该光束以未被传感器接收的反射光束64反射。
随着胶囊旋转(图3),光束63接触漫反射表面(小的矩形之间的表面)并被部分地反射到传感器。反射光束66被传感器接收,而其他光束67、68被漫射或反射到传感器外部。
2)在胶囊的凸边底侧上进行光学读取(图4至7):
胶囊7可在其凸边73的底侧72上包括编码70。位元编码由一系列具有光镜射性能的小矩形表面和具有平直镜射和/或漫射性能的中间表面形成。这些表面以圆形图案或至少沿所述凸边的一个角度部分的弧形图案布置。
光束74被投射到胶囊的凸边73上。
位元编码沿凸边的圆形或弧形路径施加在胶囊的凸边上。
位元编码可包括:
·用于位元“0”的倾斜镜射或(平直)吸收表面,以及
·用于位元“1”的平直镜射或平直反射(漫射)表面
通过使胶囊沿其中心轴线A旋转来读取位元编码。
读取装置可包括
·带/不带聚焦镜片的光源,和
·带/不带聚焦镜片的光传感器。
所述光可以是:
·非偏振的,或
·偏振的(激光),或
·光谱:任何光,但优选红外光。
编码可通过以下方式施加在胶囊上:
·印刷(吸收/反射+漫射),可见或不可见,或
·激光雕刻(例如,用于吸收/反射-漫射)表面,或
·压印:平直和倾斜镜射表面。
在图4的实施例中,光源被布置在离心室3的底部处。该室是导光的,从而允许光束到达凸边73的底侧72。所反射的光通过透明的(或导光的)离心室3被传导到达传感器62。在传感器62不能与离心室3的透明部分对准的情况下,可如图4所示布置一个反射镜以使向前和向后的光束偏转。
在图5中,来自光源“L”的光束74接触编码的镜面表面(小矩形81)并反射为具有高强度的到达传感器“S”的反射光束76。从而向控制单元提供诸如“0”或“1”的位元。
在图6中,来自光源“L”的光束74接触漫射或吸收表面(两个小矩形之间的表面82)。到达传感器S的光束77具有小的强度。其他光束诸如光束78由于表面的漫射性能而被漫射到传感器S外部。
在每种构型(例如,图5-6)中,均向控制单元提供了诸如“0”或“1”的位元。
因此,位元的数量和它们的位元编码取决于镜面表面(例如,矩形)和漫射或吸收表面(例如,矩形之间的区域)的数量和特定布置。形成“编码”的位元的同一序列可以在凸边的圆周上重复若干次。这种重复对于读取提供了冗余和更多可靠性。
可选地(图7),编码包括与颜色读取装置结合的不同颜色图案。不同颜色和以特定旋转速度读取的结合导致被清晰限定的“混合色”。作为示例,一半“圆点”为蓝色且另一半为黄色的胶囊将导致在旋转期间读取到绿色。
3)编码在胶囊上的施加模式
以上示例中所述的编码可通过不同方法施加到胶囊上,诸如通过:
-在成型胶囊上的印刷或机械变形,或
-在容器形成前在胶囊原材料(箔)上的印刷或机械变形,或
-在胶囊容器的外表面上印刷,或
-使用卷曲部(curl)作为信息载体,在胶囊容器的内表面上印刷(铝胶囊技术)。
4)感应编码读取:
另一种模式包括使用感应传感器感测设置在胶囊的金属表面上的编码。该编码通过金属表面中的浮凸部或凹部形成。例如,胶囊包括圆周金属凸边,该凸边包括一系列离散的槽缝和/或凸块。当胶囊绕其中心轴线旋转时,凸边相对于传感器移动,使得槽缝和/或凸块被检测到。可以根据饮料制备设备的CPU的时基来读取编码。读取编码的最大旋转速度取决于所使用的传感器和设备的内部CPU。
5)所有实施例的其他一般特性:
用于读取的速度例如可以介于0.1rpm与1000rpm之间。
当读取编码时,液体可以已经被供给到胶囊中以提供饮料配料的预润湿。
编码优选包括三个区段,即同步区段、有效载荷(payload)区段和验证区段。同步区段用于同步目的,即,当编码开始时通知传感器。由于胶囊的旋转速度可以变化,因此通过诸如0、1、0、1的已知位元序列来实现同步。然后可以读取识别胶囊的编码的有效载荷。为了避免编码的误译,有效载荷之后可以是验证位元。这些位元可以是有效载荷上的总和检验码(checksum)或类似的验证功能。
编码可以沿编码路径复制,以便如果一个编码提供了错误的验证值,则可以考虑其他编码。
Claims (18)
1.一种用于制备饮料的胶囊,所述胶囊包括容器和容纳在所述容器中的饮料配料,其中,所述容器包括适合于由外部读取装置识别或读取的编码,所述编码布置在所述容器上以便在所述胶囊围绕穿过所述胶囊的旋转轴线旋转的同时被读取。
2.根据权利要求1所述的胶囊,其特征在于,所述胶囊具有圆周,所述编码沿所述圆周的弧形或圆形路径布置在所述容器上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的胶囊,其特征在于,所述胶囊具有圆周,所述编码包括单个为直线的但基本沿所述圆周的至少一部分延伸的连续的节段。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的胶囊,其特征在于,所述编码沿所述圆周的至少八分之一布置。
5.根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的胶囊,其特征在于,所述编码沿所述圆周重复。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的胶囊,其特征在于,所述编码是通过印刷在所述容器上和/或压印在所述容器中的一系列离散的多边形或圆点表面形成的位元编码,所述多边形例如为长方形或正方形。
7.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的胶囊,其特征在于,所述编码通过人眼在自然光下不可见的墨水来印刷,所述墨水例如为在UV下可见的墨水。
8.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的胶囊,其特征在于,所述编码通过包括对光具有不同反射和/或吸收性能的表面的图案来印刷或压印。
9.根据权利要求8所述的胶囊,其特征在于,所述图案包括对光具有倾斜镜射或吸收性能的第一表面和对光具有平直镜射或平直反射性能的第二表面。
10.根据权利要求1-6和8-9中任一项所述的胶囊,其特征在于,所述编码被机械地压印或通过激光雕刻在所述容器上。
11.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的胶囊,其特征在于,所述容器包括本体和与所述本体连接的盖体,所述编码设置在所述容器的所述盖体上。
12.根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的胶囊,其特征在于,所述编码设置在所述胶囊的凸边上。
13.根据权利要求12所述的胶囊,其特征在于,所述编码设置在所述胶囊的凸边的与所述胶囊的所述盖体或箔相对的底部上。
14.一种由根据前述权利要求中任一项的胶囊制备饮料的系统,所述系统还包括饮料制备设备;所述设备包括用于保持所述胶囊的胶囊保持装置,用于驱动所述保持装置和所述胶囊沿所述旋转轴线旋转的旋转驱动装置,以及布置成用于在所述胶囊沿所述轴线旋转时读取所述编码的读取装置。
15.根据权利要求14所述的系统,其特征在于,所述读取装置包括光发射器和光传感器或感应传感器。
16.根据权利要求14或15所述的系统,其特征在于,所述光学读取装置或感应传感器设置成探测所述胶囊的凸边上的编码。
17.一种由根据权利要求14至16中任一项所述的系统制备饮料的方法,其中,通过使所述胶囊沿所述轴线旋转来从所述胶囊提取饮料。
18.根据权利要求17所述的方法,其特征在于,在第一转速下读取所述编码并且在第二转速下从所述胶囊提取饮料。
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- 2013-09-16 HK HK13110665.8A patent/HK1183280A1/zh unknown
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