CN102874669B - Emergency braking device of elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an emergency brake device for an elevator, which can generate a braking force in the shortest possible time when an emergency occurs during the operation of the elevator, and can release the brake on the elevator car without increasing the capacity of the actuator. . When the emergency brake is released from the emergency brake state in which the first brake member and the second brake member pressurize and clamp the guide rail, the second brake member in the shape of a cam and the elevator car through the operation Linked with the rising movement of the arm, it rotates while contacting the guide rail, so that the distance between the electromagnetic coil and the plunger of the actuator mounted on the other end side of the arm is reduced, and the actuation of energization is started when the emergency brake is released. The actuator acts at the stage after the distance is narrowed to separate the cam-shaped second braking member from the guide rail. That is, when the brake is released, the energy of lifting the elevator car is used to rotate the cam, and the actuator can be returned to a position close to the normal state, thereby reducing the capacity of the actuator required for recovery.

Description

Elevator emergency brake

technical field

The present invention relates to an emergency braking device of an elevator, and particularly relates to a technology capable of reducing the capacity of an actuator for restoring the emergency braking device from an emergency braking state to a normal state.

Background technique

As disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, there has been proposed an emergency brake device that operates electrically when the descending speed of an elevator car exceeds a predetermined value.

The emergency braking device disclosed in Patent Document 1 is composed of a braking force generating device and an operating mechanism device. The braking force generating device pressurizes and clamps the guide rail through the braking member to stop the elevator car from descending. The device activates the braking member of the braking force generating device when the descending speed of the elevator car exceeds a predetermined value.

The emergency brake device disclosed in Patent Document 2 is configured to release the electromagnet when emergency braking is performed on the elevator car, and use the force of the first spring to pull the wedge-shaped brake member and the The fixed part constituted by the guide device having a wedge-shaped surface is pressed on the guide rail, thereby generating a frictional force that pulls the braking member in the moving direction of the elevator car relative to the guide rail, through which the braking member is inserted into the guide rail and guided between devices.

Furthermore, in Patent Document 2, the brake member moves along the wedge surface so that the gap between the guide and the guide rail can be enlarged against the urging force of the first spring. After the guiding device moves to the position before the electromagnet is released, the electromagnet also returns to the state before the release. As a result, the first spring cannot be compressed further. And, when the brake member moves along the wedge-shaped surface, the second spring arranged between the electromagnet and the guide device is compressed, so that a large frictional force is generated between the guide rail and the brake member to brake the elevator car. move. In addition, during normal operation, since it is necessary to compress the spring for actuating the stator, an actuator such as an electromagnet is used.

prior art literature

patent documents

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 4478704

Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-143706

In the emergency braking device disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to temporarily generate a large attractive force capable of overcoming the spring force for pressurizing and clamping the brake member when the operating mechanism device is returned to the normal state. Since the capacity of the actuator is determined by this attractive force, the capacity of the actuator is increased.

In the emergency brake device disclosed in Patent Document 2, an actuator with a capacity smaller than that of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 can be used, but since a large friction force needs to be generated after the actuator is returned to a normal state, it must be By following the steps described in the background art above, the time required to generate the braking force is longer than that of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an elevator equipment. When an emergency occurs during the operation of the elevator, the emergency braking device of the elevator equipment can generate braking force in the shortest possible time The brake on the elevator car is released by increasing the capacity of the actuator.

solution

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention mainly employs the following configurations.

The elevator of the present invention has: an elevator car, which lifts up and down under the guidance of guide rails vertically arranged in the hoistway; a counterweight, which is connected to the elevator car through a main sling; a winch for said main sling; and an emergency braking device provided on said elevator car for applying a braking force to said elevator car,

The emergency braking device has a first body part and a second body part, the first body part is fixed on the elevator car, and the second body part can be relatively supported on the first body part The vertical axis of the displacement in the up and down direction,

The second main body part is provided with: a wedge-shaped first brake member, which pressurizes and clamps the guide rail; a pair of arms, and the arms are supported so as to be able to the longitudinal axis is a fulcrum; a cam-shaped second brake member located on one end side of the pair of arms for pressurizing and clamping the guide rail; and actuating an actuator, the actuator is mounted on the other end side of the pair of arm portions for causing the second brake member to leave the guide rail,

When the emergency brake is released from a state in which the first brake member and the second brake member pressurize and hold the guide rail, the emergency brake is released, and the cam-shaped second brake member The electromagnetic winding of the actuator attached to the other end side of the arm and the plunger are rotated while contacting the guide rail in conjunction with the upward movement of the elevator car by operation. The distance therebetween is reduced, and the actuator, which is energized when the emergency brake is released, operates at the stage after the distance is reduced to separate the cam-shaped second brake member from the guide rail,

According to the above structure, when the brake is released, the energy of lifting the elevator car is used to rotate the cam, whereby the actuator can be returned to a position close to the normal state. As a result, the actuation for releasing the brake can be reduced. capacity of the device.

Invention effect

According to the present invention, when an emergency occurs during elevator operation, a braking force can be rapidly generated, and when the brake is released, the normal state can be restored only by the action of a small-capacity actuator.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of an elevator without a machine room provided with an emergency brake device for an elevator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an overall perspective view of the emergency brake device according to the present embodiment.

Fig. 3 is an overall perspective view of the operating mechanism device of the emergency brake device shown in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 4 is a front view of the emergency braking device shown in Fig. 2, showing various operating states of the emergency braking device.

Fig. 5 is a plan view showing different operating states of an arm and an actuator in the emergency brake device shown in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 6 is a front view showing another configuration example of the emergency brake device according to the present embodiment.

Symbol Description

1 lift channel

2A, 2B guide rail

3 elevator cars

4 counterweight

5 hoist

6 brakes

7 main sling

8A, 8B emergency braking device

9 control panel

10 encoders

11 The first body part

12 first elastic member

13A, 13B Stop body guide pin

16A, 16B, 16C, 16D fixed shaft

17A, 17B wedge

18, 19 Wedge guide member

20 support seat

21 Second body part

22 axis

23 arm

24 Cam-shaped brake shoe

25 Brake shoe rotation axis

26 Boots

27 spring guide pin

28 springs

29 Actuator section

29A solenoid winding

29B plunger

29C Plunger Guide

30 lifting rod

Detailed ways

Hereinafter, the emergency braking device of the elevator which concerns on embodiment of this invention is demonstrated, referring FIGS. 1-6.

In Fig. 1, 1 represents the lifting passage, 2A and 2B represent guide rails, 3 represents the elevator car, 4 represents the counterweight, 5 represents the winch, 6 represents the brake, 7 represents the main sling, 8A and 8B represent the emergency braking device, 9 represents a control panel, and 10 represents an encoder. Fig. 1 shows a general structure of an elevator without a machine room. A pair of guide rails 2A, 2B are arranged in the hoistway 1, and the elevator car 3 ascending and descending under the guidance of the guide rails 2A, 2B and the counterweight 4 are connected by the main rope 7 wound on the winch 5 . The elevator car 3 and the counterweight 4 are raised and lowered by driving the main rope 7 . In addition, the counterweight 4 also has a guide rail (not shown).

A brake 6 is installed on the winch 5 . When the hoist 5 is in motion, the brake 6 is energized so that the braking force disappears, and when the hoist 5 is in a stopped state, the power supply of the brake 6 is disconnected, thereby the brake spring and the brake shoe not shown are paired. The winch 5 applies a braking force. A control panel 9 for controlling the entire elevator equipment is arranged near the winch 5 . This control panel 9 also has the function of the emergency braking device control panel. The emergency braking device control panel can also be set separately from the control panel 9 . Emergency braking devices 8A, 8B facing the guide rails 2A, 2B are provided at the lower portion of the elevator car 3 . An encoder 10 is arranged on the winch 5, and the signal sent from the encoder 10 is used to control the speed and position of the elevator car.

In Fig. 2, 2S represents the wide surface of the guide rail 2, 11 represents the first main body part, 16A, 16B, 16C, 16D represent fixed shafts, 17A, 17B represent wedges, 18, 19 represent wedge guide members, 20 represents The support base 21 represents a second main body, and FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram of emergency braking devices 8A and 8B according to this embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 2, the emergency braking devices 8A, 8B have a first main body portion 11 that is fixed to the elevator car 3 and constitutes a supporting body. The first main body portion 11 is composed of an upper frame 11A, a lower frame 11B, and left and right side frames 11C, 11D. Guide members 18 , 19 are provided on inner upper portions of the left and right side frames 11C, 11D at positions facing the wide surfaces 2S of the guide rails 2A, 2B. As shown in FIG. 4, the guide members 18, 19 are provided with members 18a, 19a and guide plates 18b, 18c (not shown), 19b, 19c (not shown), and the members 18a, 19a are arranged to be aligned with the wide-format The space between 2S is narrower on the upper side and wider on the lower side, thereby forming a tapered surface, and the guide plates 18b, 18c, 19b, 19c are used to limit the movement of the wedges 17A, 17B in the horizontal direction.

In addition, the wedges 17A, 17B as first braking members are located inside the tapered surfaces of the guide members 18, 19 at positions facing the guide rails 2A, 2B, and are located opposite to the wide surfaces 2S of the guide rails 2A, 2B. The opposite side of the tapered surface of the guide members 18, 19 has a reverse tapered surface. The wedges 17A, 17B are movable in the up and down direction under the guidance of the guide members 18 , 19 .

During the normal operation of the elevator, as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 etc., the wedge-shaped parts 17A, 17B are located at the lower position of the guide members 18, 19, and a sufficient gap is ensured between the wide surface 2S of the guide rails 2A, 2B, and When an emergency occurs in the elevator, the wedges 17A, 17B move toward the guide rails 2A, 2B in the horizontal direction while moving upward relative to the first main body portion 11 along the tapered surface, and are aligned with the guide rails 2A, 2B. The wide 2S contact produces braking force. In addition, a support seat 20 is provided below the wedge-shaped pieces 17A, 17B, and a second main body part 21 is provided below the support seat 20, and the operating mechanism device of the emergency braking device 8A, 8B is installed on the second main body part 21.

In Fig. 3, 13A, 13B denote stopper body guide pins, 22 denotes a shaft fixed on the first body part, 23 denotes an arm, 24 denotes a cam-shaped brake shoe, 25 denotes a brake shoe rotation shaft, 27 A guide pin of the spring 28 is shown, 28 is a spring, and 29B is a plunger. FIG. 3 is an overall view of the operating mechanism device of the emergency braking devices 8A, 8B. As shown in FIG. 3 , the operating mechanism device is mounted on the second body part 21 , and the second body part 21 is also composed of an upper frame 21A, a lower frame 21B, and left and right side frames 21C, 21D. The second body part 21 is configured to be connected by a shaft 22 fixed inside the first body part 11 and to be movable upward along the shaft 22 .

As shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, one end side of the arm portion 23A, 23B extends from the shaft 22 to a position opposite to the wide surface 2S of the guide rail 2A, 2B, and is installed at a position close to the guide rail side of the extended end as a second arm. Cam-shaped brake shoes 24A, 24B of the two brake members. Brake shoes 24A, 24B are rotatable within an arbitrary range around brake shoe rotation shafts 25A, 25B, and the peripheral surface of brake shoe 24 has a cam shape with different diameters from brake shoe rotation shafts 25A, 25B. That is, it has a cam shape in which the position of the center of gravity is different from that of the rotating shaft 25 . The upper frame 21A constituting the second body part 21 is provided with a support base 20, and guide grooves (not shown) for the stopper guide pins 13A, 13B are provided inside the support base 20, so that the wedges 17A, 17B can be respectively Displacement in the horizontal direction along the tapered surfaces of the guide members 18 , 19 shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 .

In Fig. 4, 2 represents the guide rail, 12 represents the first elastic member, 11 represents the first body part, 21 represents the second body part, 20 represents the support seat of the wedge 17, 23 represents the arm part, and 24 represents the cam-shaped mechanism. boots.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of emergency braking devices 8A, 8B viewed from the front. FIG. 4( a ) shows a state in which the arm portions 23A, 23B operate in a normal state (see FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 ). First elastic members 12A, 12B are provided on the upper part of the first main body part 11, and one end of the first elastic members 12A, 12B is connected to the side frames 11C, 11D of the first main body part 11, and the other end is connected to the guide members 18, 19. connect. The guide members 18, 19 are loosely fitted to the fixed shafts 16A, 16B, 16C, 16D.

FIG. 4( b ) shows a state in which the wedges 17A, 17B are further bitten along the tapered surfaces in the state shown in FIG. 4( a ). When an emergency occurs, as shown in FIG. 4( b ), the cam-shaped outer peripheral surface of the brake shoe 24 is in contact with the guide rail 2 . In this state, the outer peripheral surface of the cam is formed in a linear shape instead of an arc shape so as to be in surface contact with the contact surface of the guide rail, thereby improving the braking effect.

Fig. 4 (c) shows that in the state shown in Fig. 4 (b), in order to release the braking of the emergency braking devices 8A, 8B, the elevator car 3 and the first body part 11 connected to the elevator car 3 The state after lifting up. As shown in FIG. 4( c), from the position (state shown in FIG. 4( b)) of the wedges 17A, 17B engaging the guide rail, the second main body portion 21 is relatively moved downward relative to the first main body portion 11. , thereby releasing the fixed state of the elevator car (the brake of the wedge is released). Wherein, under the state that the wedge-shaped part shown in Fig. 4 (b) is engaged with the guide rail, in order to release the emergency braking device 8, the elevator car 3 and the first main body part 11 fixed on the elevator car 3 are compulsorily Moving upward for a certain distance, at this time, the second body part 21 also rises in conjunction with each other, and the brake shoes 24A, 24B slide with the wide surface 2S of the guide rails 2A, 2B by using the cam shape of the peripheral surface of the brake shoes 24A, 24B. Touch and spin. The brake shoes 24A, 24B are designed such that the distance between the guide rails 2A, 2B and the brake shoe rotation shafts 25A, 25B expands when the first main body portion 11 is lifted upward when rotated.

In Fig. 5, 23 represents the arm portion that rotates with the shaft 22 as a fulcrum, 24 represents a cam-shaped brake shoe, 28 represents a compression spring (a spring that is in a compressed state during normal operation of the elevator), 29 represents an actuator part, 29A denotes an electromagnetic winding of the actuator section, 29B denotes a plunger of the actuator section, and 29C denotes a plunger guide of the actuator section. Fig. 5 is a plan view showing different operating states of an arm in the emergency brake device shown in Fig. 2 .

FIG. 5( a ) corresponds to FIG. 4( a ), and shows a state where the power supply to the actuator portion 29 is cut off and the brake shoes 24A, 24B are in contact with the guide rails 2A, 2B. FIG. 5( b ) corresponds to FIG. 4( c ), and shows a state in which brake shoes 24A, 24B rotate to expand the distance between guide rails 2A, 2B and brake shoe rotation shafts 25A, 25B. The other end side of the brake shoe 24A, 24B of the arm portion 23A, 23B extends from the shaft 22 toward the side opposite to the guide rail 2A, 2B, and an operating mechanism is provided on the extended end portion.

The action mechanism is constituted by a compression spring 28 loosely fitted in a spring guide pin 27 provided across the arm portions 23A, 23B and an actuator portion 29 as a second elastic member. The actuator portion 29 is composed of a solenoid coil 29A fixed to the arm portion 23B, and a plunger 29B connected to the arm portion 23A through a plunger guide 29C and penetrating the solenoid coil 29A and the arm portion 23B.

And, as shown by arrow B in FIG. 5 , after the electromagnetic winding 29A is excited, the compression spring 28 is compressed, and the plunger 29B is attracted by the electromagnetic winding 29A, so that the distance between the other ends of the arms 23A, 23B (spring 28 side) is It becomes narrower and the front end portion (brake shoe 24 side) becomes wider, and the brake shoes 24A, 24B are separated from both sides of the wide surface 2S of the guide rails 2A, 2B. After the brake shoes 24A, 24B are separated from the guide rails 2A, 2B, the brake shoes 24A, 24B are returned to their normal positions by an unillustrated torsion spring connected to the brake shoe rotation shafts 25A, 25B. It is also possible to adjust the position of the center of gravity of the brake shoes 24A, 24B so that the brake shoes 24A, 24B can return to the normal state under the action of their own weight. After the brake shoe 24 leaves the guide rail 2, when the brake shoe 24 is returned to the normal position, as mentioned above, it can be done by using the rotation spring arranged on the brake shoe, or by adjusting The position of the center of gravity at different positions of the shaft 25 is adjusted, and a rotation spring and adjustment of the center of gravity may be used in combination.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 5 , after the brake shoes 24A and 24B come into contact with the guide rail 2 and rotate, the distance between the electromagnetic winding 29A and the plunger 29B becomes shorter. Thereby, the energy required for attracting the plunger 29B by the electromagnetic winding 29A when the brake shoes 24A, 24B are separated from the guide rails 2A, 2B can be reduced.

The emergency braking operation of the emergency braking device according to this embodiment when the elevator moves downward will be described below. Elevator equipment having emergency braking devices 8A, 8B configured as described above performs normal operation when the speed information of the elevator car 3 detected by the sensor is not judged to be abnormal by the control panel 9 . When the elevator equipment is in normal operation, as shown in Figure 5(b), the electromagnetic winding 29A of the actuator part 29 is excited to attract the plunger 29B, whereby the compression spring 28 is compressed, and as a result, the arm part 23A The front end part (brake shoe 24 side) of , 23B is widened, and brake shoe 24A, 24B is separated from both sides of wide surface 2S of guide rail 2A, 2B. And, as shown in FIG. 2 , the second body part 21 is located at a lower position under the action of its own weight, and the wedges 17A, 17B supported by the second body part 21 are also guided to the lower position of the guide members 18, 19 and leave the guide rails. Wide format 2S of 2A and 2B.

On the other hand, when the elevator car is descending, when the speed information of the elevator car 3 detected by the sensor is judged to be abnormal by the control panel, according to the command from the control part, the solenoid of the actuator part 29 The excitation of the winding 29A is released (the energization is disconnected). After the excitation of the electromagnetic winding 29A is removed, as shown in Figure 4 (a) and Figure 5 (a), the compression spring 28 is released, and the other end (spring 28 side) of the arm portion 23A, 23B moves towards Figure 5 ( The direction indicated by the arrow A in a) expands, and at the same time, the front end becomes narrow. As a result, the brake shoes 24A, 24B are displaced in the direction indicated by the arrow C in FIG. 2 , whereby the guide rails 2A, 2B are pressurized and held. As the elevator car descends further, the arm portions 23A, 23B and the second body portion 21 decelerate, and the distance between the upper frame 11A of the first body portion 11 and the second body portion 21 relatively decreases.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 4(b), the second main body portion 21 is relatively displaced upward relative to the first main body portion 11 along the axis 22, and the wedges 17A, 17B provided on the second main body portion 21 are moved along the axis 22. The guide members 18 , 19 are relatively displaced upward with respect to the first body portion 11 . When the wedges 17A, 17B are displaced upward, they are displaced in the direction indicated by the arrow D in FIG. 3 along the tapered surface provided on the first main body portion 11, and are pressed against the wide surface 2S of the guide rails 2A, 2B. Above, the first body part 11 is fixed on the guide rails 2A, 2B, as a result, the descent of the elevator car 3 stops.

The structure for reliably maintaining the emergency state shown in FIG. 4( b ) will be described below. A not-illustrated rotation stopper (protrusion as a stopper) is provided at the front end portion (brake shoe side) of the arm portion 23 . On the other hand, in the cam shape of the outer peripheral surface of the brake shoe 24, a substantially flat surface connecting arcs is formed, and this flat surface is a rotation stopper receiving surface corresponding to the above-mentioned rotation stopper. When an emergency occurs during the descent of the elevator, the brake shoe 24 is in sliding contact with the guide rail 2 by disconnecting the energization of the electromagnetic winding, and moves downward while rotating. In the state shown in FIG. 4( b ), In order not to rotate the brake shoe 24, the rotation stopper of the arm portion abuts against the rotation stopper receiving surface (flat surface) of the brake shoe 24, thereby securely holding the wedge 17 as the first stopper member. And the braking function of the second stop member.

As described above, when the elevator car 3 descends abnormally, the actuator portion 29 provided on the arm portion 23A, 23B is de-energized and operated, thereby driving the wedge 17A, 17B to generate a braking force. , so that the elevator car 3 stops descending. In this way, when an abnormal situation occurs, by cutting off the energization of the actuator portion 29, and as the elevator car descends, the wedge member 17 exerts a pressurizing and clamping action to perform wedge coupling, thereby quickly generating braking force. .

Next, the release operation of the emergency brake device according to the present embodiment, that is, the release operation of the fixed elevator car 3 will be described. When releasing the elevator car 3 in the emergency stop state, in order to release the coupling of the wedge, the hoisting machine 5 is driven by the control panel 9 to raise the elevator car 3 . At the same time, the electromagnetic winding 29A is excited (started to be energized). As the elevator car 3 rises, the first main body portion 11 also rises thereupon, that is, as shown in FIG. The tapered portion along the first body portion 11 moves in the direction indicated by arrow E in FIG. 3 . As a result, the pressing force acting on the rail wide surface 2S is released. In the above-mentioned operation, the brake shoes 24A, 24B contact the guide rails 2A, 2B under the action of the eccentric cam shape and rotate in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. The distance between the rotating shafts 25A and 25B is widened, and the distance between the electromagnetic winding 29A and the plunger 29B is narrowed (the state shown in FIG. 5( b )).

When the distance between the electromagnetic winding 29A and the plunger 29B becomes smaller, the newly excited electromagnetic winding 29A and the plunger 29B are attracted together. The plunger 29B is displaced due to this attraction, so that the brake shoes 24A, 24B leave the guide rails 2A, 2B, and the second body part 21 moves toward the lowermost position under the action of its own weight, and the wedges 17A, 17A, 17B is also guided to the lowermost position of the guide members 18, 19 of the emergency stop devices 8A, 8B so as to be away from both sides of the wide surface 2S of the guide rails 2A, 2B.

In this way, when the brake of the emergency braking device is released, the initial displacement of the plunger 29B is a mechanical movement caused by the eccentricity of the brake shoes 24A, 24B that rotate in contact with the guide rails 2A, 2B, and the plunger after the mechanical movement 29B is close to the electromagnetic winding 29A and is attracted by its electromagnetic force. Therefore, the capacity of the actuator portion 29 for releasing the emergency stop can be reduced.

Another structural example of the emergency braking devices 8A, 8B according to this embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. 6 . Fig. 6(a) shows the mode of operation of the emergency brake device 8 in the normal running state of the elevator. As shown in FIG. 6( a ), the emergency braking devices 8A, 8B are fixed to the elevator car 3 and have a first main body portion 11 constituting a supporting body. The first main body portion 11 is composed of an upper frame 11A, a lower frame 11B, and left and right side frames 11C, 11D. Guide members 18 , 19 are provided on inner upper portions of the left and right side frames 11C, 11D at positions facing the wide surfaces 2S of the guide rails 2A, 2B. The guide members 18, 19 are provided with members 18a, 19a and guide plates 18b, 18c (not shown), 19b, 19c (not shown), and the members 18a, 19a are provided at intervals from the wide surface 2S of The upper side is narrower and the lower side is wider, thereby forming a tapered surface, and the guide plates 18b, 18c, 19b, 19c serve to limit the movement of the wedges 17A, 17B in the horizontal direction.

First elastic members 12A, 12B are provided on the upper part of the first main body part 11, and one end of the first elastic members 12A, 12B is connected to the side frames 11C, 11D of the first main body part 11, and the other end is connected to the guide members 18, 19. connect. The guide members 18, 19 are loosely fitted to the fixed shafts 16A, 16B, 16C, 16D. In addition, the wedges 17A, 17B as first braking members are located inside the tapered surfaces of the guide members 18, 19 at positions facing the guide rails 2A, 2B, and are located opposite to the wide surfaces 2S of the guide rails 2A, 2B. The opposite side of the tapered surface of the guide members 18, 19 has a reverse tapered surface. The wedges 17A, 17B are movable in the vertical direction under the guidance of the guide members 18 , 19 .

During normal operation of the elevator, the wedges 17A, 17B are positioned below the guide members 18, 19, and a sufficient clearance is ensured from the wide surface 2S of the guide rails 2A, 2B. When an emergency occurs in the elevator, the wedges 17A, 17B move toward the guide rails 2A, 2B in the horizontal direction while being relatively displaced upward relative to the first main body portion 11 along the tapered surfaces of the guide members 18, 19. It moves and comes into contact with the wide surface 2S of the guide rails 2A, 2B to generate a braking force. In addition, a support seat 20 is provided below the wedge members 17A, 17B.

Guide grooves (not shown) for guiding pins (not shown) are provided inside the support base 20, so that the wedges 17A, 17B can follow the cones of the guide members 18, 19 shown in Fig. 6(a) respectively. The surface is displaced in the horizontal direction. The support base 20 is connected with the action mechanisms of the emergency braking devices 8A, 8B through the lifting rod 30 .

As shown in FIG. 6( a ), the actuator device has a second main body portion 21 . The second main body portion 21 is provided with an arm portion 23 that rotates about a shaft 22 provided in a vertical direction with respect to the narrow surfaces of the guide rails 2A, 2B. One side of the arm portion 23 is connected to a tension spring 28 as a second elastic member. The other side of the arm portion 23 is provided with a brake shoe 24 as a second brake member and an actuator portion 29 at the endmost portion.

The brake shoe 24 can rotate within an arbitrary range centered on the rotating shaft 25, and the actuator part 29 is connected to the arm part 23 through a plunger guide 29C through an electromagnetic winding 29A fixed on the second main body part 21 and penetrates the The electromagnetic coil 29A is configured with the plunger 29B of the arm portion 23B. A fixing shoe 26 is provided on the opposite side of the surface of the guide rails 2A, 2B that comes into contact with the brake shoe 24 . In the structural example shown in FIG. 6, the arm portion 23, the spring 28, the brake shoe 24, and the actuator portion 29 are provided on only one side, but these members may be provided on both sides.

Fig. 6(b) shows that in the state of Fig. 6(a), the arm part 23 is moved by disconnecting the energization of the electromagnetic winding 29A, thereby causing the wedge-shaped pieces 17A, 17B to bite into the guide rail along the tapered surface. state.

FIG. 6( c ) shows a state in which the first main body portion 11 is lifted up in order to release the brakes of the emergency brake devices 8A, 8B in the state of FIG. 6( b ). As shown in Figure 6 (c), from the position (state shown in Figure 6 (b)) that wedge-shaped pieces 17A, 17B engage with the guide rail, the second main body part 21 is moved downward relative to the first main body part 11, As a result, the fixed state of the elevator car is released. In addition, in the state where the wedge-shaped piece shown in Figure 6 (b) is engaged with the guide rail, in order to release the brake of the emergency braking device 8, the elevator car 3 and the first car fixed on the elevator car 3 are forced to The main body part 11 moves upward for a certain distance, and at this moment, the second main part 21 also rises together in linkage. Utilizing the cam shape of the peripheral surface of the brake shoes 24A, 24B, the brake shoes 24A, 24B are in sliding contact with the guide rails 2A, 2B. rotate. The brake shoes 24A, 24B are designed such that the distance between the guide rails 2A, 2B and the brake shoe rotation shafts 25A, 25B expands when they are rotated toward the direction of lifting the first body portion 11 .

After the electromagnetic winding 29A is excited, as shown by the arrow F in Figure 6(c), the tension spring 28 is stretched, and the plunger 29B is attracted by the electromagnetic winding 29A, so that the brake shoe 24 leaves the width of the guide rails 2A, 2B. noodle.

After the brake shoes 24A, 24B are separated from the guide rails 2A, 2B, the brake shoes 24A, 24B are returned to their normal positions by an unillustrated torsion spring connected to the brake shoe rotation shaft 25 . It is also possible to adjust the position of the center of gravity of the brake shoe (having a cam shape), so that the brake shoe 24A, 24B can return to the normal state by its own weight. In addition, as shown in FIG. 6( c ), after the brake shoe 24 rotates, the distance between the electromagnetic coil 29A and the plunger 29B becomes shorter. Thereby, the energy required for attracting the plunger 29B by the electromagnetic winding 29A when the brake shoe 24 is separated from the guide rails 2A and 2B can be reduced.

In the structural example of the emergency braking device shown in Figure 6, the details of the emergency braking action when the elevator moves downward and the release action of the elevator car 3 are the same as those in the structural examples shown in Figures 4 and 5. This operation is the same, so the description of the structural example shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 is used. In addition, when the brake of the emergency braking device is released, the initial displacement of the plunger 29B is a mechanical movement caused by the eccentricity of the brake shoe 24A that abuts on the guide rail 2A and rotates, and the mechanical movement of the plunger 29B and the electromagnetic winding 29A approaches and is attracted by its electromagnetic force. Therefore, the capacity of the actuator portion 29 for releasing the emergency stop can be reduced.

As described above, the embodiment of the present invention consists of a braking force generating device that pressurizes and clamps the guide rails by the braking member to stop the elevator car from descending, and a braking force generating device that stops the elevator car when the descending speed of the elevator car exceeds a predetermined value. The action mechanism device for the action of the braking member is constituted, and the braking member of the braking force generating device is configured in the shape of a cam that can rotate within an arbitrary range. By adopting the above-mentioned structure, a braking force can be generated in the shortest possible time during braking, and when the brake is released, the energy of lifting the elevator car is used to rotate the cam-shaped brake shoe, thereby enabling the actuator to As a result of returning to a position close to the normal state, the capacity of the actuator required for recovery can be reduced.

Claims (10)

1. an emergency braking apparatus for elevator, described elevator has: lift car, and described lift car is elevated under the guiding being erected to the guide rail be arranged in hoist trunk; Counterbalanced weight, described counterbalanced weight is connected with described lift car by main hoist cable; Drive the winch of described main hoist cable; And emergency braking apparatus, described emergency braking apparatus is arranged on described lift car, and for applying braking force to described lift car, the feature of the emergency braking apparatus of described elevator is,

Described emergency braking apparatus has the first base portion and the second base portion, and described first base portion is fixed on described lift car, and described second base portion can relative to the longitudinal axis displacement be in the vertical direction supported in described first base portion,

Be provided with in described second base portion: the first braking element of cleat shape, described first braking element carries out pressurization clamping to described guide rail; A pair arm, described arm is supported for can with the described longitudinal axis for fulcrum; Second braking element of cam face, described second braking element is positioned at the end side of described a pair arm, for carrying out pressurization clamping to described guide rail; And actuator, described actuator is arranged on another side of described a pair arm, for making described second braking element leave described guide rail,

Emergency braking is carried out when removing the state of the emergency braking of clamping of carrying out from described first braking element and described second braking element described guide rail pressurizeing, second braking element of described cam face moves interlock with the rising of the described lift car undertaken by operating, thus while abut with described guide rail while rotate, interval between the electromagnetism winding of the described actuator of another side being arranged on described arm and plunger is reduced, the stage of described actuator after described interval reduces starting when described emergency braking is removed to be energized carries out action, second braking element of described cam face is separated with described guide rail.

2. the emergency braking apparatus of elevator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,

Described second braking element has cam face, make when carrying out described emergency braking and removing, at the second braking element of described cam face while abut with described guide rail while when rotating, the centre of gration of described second braking element and the distance between described second braking element and the contact point of described guide rail contact increase.

3. the emergency braking apparatus of elevator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that,

In the rotary area of the second braking element of described cam face, described arm is provided with rotation stop-motion body,

The outer peripheral face of described second braking element is provided with the rotation stop-motion body bearing surface corresponding with described rotation stop-motion body, when having carried out described emergency braking under making the state declined at elevator, second braking element of described cam face and described guide rail abut, and exceed beyond the rotating range of regulation to avoid the rotation of described second braking element.

4. the emergency braking apparatus of elevator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that,

Second braking element of described cam face is configured to its center-of-gravity position is positioned at described rail-sides opposition side relative to the centre of gration of described second braking element, make in the action by described actuator after the second braking element of described cam face and described guide rail are separated, described second braking element automatically can return to position when usually running.

5. the emergency braking apparatus of elevator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that,

Second braking element of described cam face is provided with the spring that described second braking element is rotated relative to its centre of gration,

After the action by described actuator makes the second braking element of described cam face and described guide rail separate, described second braking element is made to automatically restore to position when usually running by described spring.

6. an emergency braking apparatus for elevator, described elevator has: lift car, and described lift car is elevated under the guiding being erected to the guide rail be arranged in hoist trunk; Counterbalanced weight, described counterbalanced weight is connected with described lift car by main hoist cable; Drive the winch of described main hoist cable; And emergency braking apparatus, described emergency braking apparatus is arranged on described lift car, and for applying braking force to described lift car, the feature of the emergency braking apparatus of described elevator is,

Described emergency braking apparatus has the first base portion and the second base portion, and described first base portion is fixed on described lift car, and described second base portion can relative to the displacement in the vertical direction of described first base portion,

Be provided with in described second base portion: the first braking element of cleat shape, described first braking element carries out pressurization clamping to described guide rail; Arm, described arm rotates centered by axle in the side of described guide rail; Second braking element of cam face, described second braking element is supported on described arm, carries out pressurization clamp together with fixing boots to described guide rail; Carrying up component, described carrying up component is connected with the supporting seat of described first braking element; Plate portion is set, described the described arm and described fixing boots that plate portion are provided with and are connected with described carrying up component are set; Spring, described spring is arranged on the end side of described arm, for by described second braking element by being pressed in described guide rail; And actuator, described actuator is arranged on another side of described arm, for making described second braking element leave described guide rail,

Emergency braking is carried out when removing the state of the emergency braking of clamping of carrying out from described first braking element and described second braking element described guide rail pressurizeing, second braking element of described cam face moves interlock with the rising of the described lift car undertaken by operating, thus while abut with described guide rail while rotate, interval between the electromagnetism winding of the described actuator of another side being arranged on described arm and plunger is reduced, the stage of described actuator after described interval reduces starting when described emergency braking is removed to be energized carries out action, second braking element of described cam face is separated with described guide rail.

7. the emergency braking apparatus of elevator as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that,

Described second braking element has cam face, make when carrying out described emergency braking and removing, at the second braking element of described cam face while abut with described guide rail while when rotating, the centre of gration of described second braking element and the distance between described second braking element and the contact point of described guide rail contact increase.

8. the emergency braking apparatus of elevator as claimed in claims 6 or 7, is characterized in that,

In the rotary area of the second braking element of described cam face, described arm is provided with rotation stop-motion body,

The outer peripheral face of described second braking element is provided with the rotation stop-motion body bearing surface corresponding with described rotation stop-motion body, when having carried out described emergency braking under making the state declined at elevator, second braking element of described cam face and described guide rail abut, and exceed beyond the rotating range of regulation to avoid the rotation of described second braking element.

9. the emergency braking apparatus of elevator as claimed in claims 6 or 7, is characterized in that,

Second braking element of described cam face is configured to its center-of-gravity position is positioned at described rail-sides opposition side relative to the centre of gration of described second braking element, make in the action by described actuator after the second braking element of described cam face and described guide rail are separated, described second braking element automatically can return to position when usually running.

10. the emergency braking apparatus of elevator as claimed in claims 6 or 7, is characterized in that,

Second braking element of described cam face is provided with the spring that described second braking element is rotated relative to its centre of gration,

After the action by described actuator makes the second braking element of described cam face and described guide rail separate, described second braking element is made to automatically restore to position when usually running by described spring.