A kind of pedicle screw and a kind of spinal column Percutaneous fixation system
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of medical instruments, more particularly, relate to a kind of pedicle screw, also relate to a kind of spinal column Percutaneous fixation system.
Background technology
Pedicle screw Internal fixation technology is a kind of very ripe spine surgical technique, is widely used in the treatment of the spinal traumas such as spinal fracture, scoliosis and spondylolishesis and degenerative disorders.Traditional pedicle screw Internal fixation technology needs to carry out open posterior approach, although well corrected deformity of spine, maintain the stability of spinal column, owing to needing extensive tissue dissection in operation process and long-time tractive surrounding tissue, cause operation wound large, intraoperative blood loss is many.Meanwhile, to the excessive tractive of paraspinal muscle and destruction in operation process, lower back muscle ischemic necrosis and fibrosis, causing that patient is postoperative can not early ambulation because of chronic low back pain, postoperatively needs long-term bed, and complication rate obviously increases.
Minimally Invasive Surgery can utilize the modern medical equipments such as endoscope, performs a surgical operation in less wound environment in human body, has that wound is little, pain is light, recover fast superiority.By in conjunction with pedicle screw Internal fixation technology and Minimally Invasive Surgery, those skilled in the art have developed spinal column Percutaneous fixation technology, successfully to solve in conventional spinal pedicle screw Internal fixation technology that operative incision is large, muscle peel off many, hemorrhage many, way of escape rock-steady structure destruction greatly, the deficiency such as rehabilitation is slow.But because spinal column Percutaneous fixation technology needs to be undertaken by Minimally Invasive Surgery, in the process of operation, the operator visual field is not good, the problems such as result in operation technique complexity, operating time is longer, and difficulty is large.
By the above, how existing Percutaneous fixation system is improved, to solve the complicated operation caused because the operation visual field is not good in operation process, the problem that the time is long, difficulty is large, become the technical problem that those skilled in the art need solution badly.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of pedicle screw and a kind of spinal column Percutaneous fixation system, to solve the complicated operation that existing spinal column Percutaneous fixation system causes because the operation visual field is not good in operation process, the problem that the time is long, difficulty is large.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of pedicle screw, comprise be provided with external thread part shank of screw, be articulated with shank of screw afterbody and the locking cap being provided with female thread fixing hole on top and the plug screw be arranged in female thread fixing hole, wherein, locking cap is also provided with the pitman installing hole that axis overlaps with locking cap normal to a surface, also comprise the spring leaf of arc, two panels spring leaf is symmetrical arranged on locking cap, and its one end and locking cap are fixedly linked, and the other end launches laterally.
Preferably, in above-mentioned pedicle screw, the head of locking cap is provided with the inserting groove perpendicular to its end face, and spring leaf is removably plugged in inserting groove.
Preferably, in above-mentioned pedicle screw, spring leaf comprises connecting portion and curved portions, and connecting portion is provided with tenon, and the head of locking cap is provided with the tongue-and-groove matched with tenon.
Preferably, in above-mentioned pedicle screw, bottom or the back side of tongue-and-groove are provided with snap slot.
Preferably, in above-mentioned pedicle screw, also comprise retainer ring, Fixing shrink ring is located at one end that spring leaf launches laterally.
Preferably, in above-mentioned pedicle screw, spring leaf arranged outside has the locating slot for inlay card retainer ring.
Preferably, in above-mentioned pedicle screw, shank of screw is provided with pilot hole, the axis of pilot hole and the dead in line of shank of screw.
Preferably, in above-mentioned pedicle screw, the nut of shank of screw is provided with the inner hexagonal hole for tightening screw bar.
Pedicle screw provided by the present invention comprises the shank of screw being provided with external thread part, the afterbody being articulated with shank of screw the locking cap being provided with female thread fixing hole on top and the plug screw be arranged in female thread fixing hole, wherein, locking cap is also provided with the pitman installing hole that axis overlaps with locking cap normal to a surface, also comprise the spring leaf that two panels is symmetricly set in the arc on locking cap, its one end and locking cap are fixedly linked, and the other end launches laterally.
Pedicle screw provided by the present invention is being fixed on after on vertebral body, the spring leaf be arranged on locking cap flicks, the muscle of surrounding, skin and hetero-organization thereof are expanded, such surgical doctor can carry out inserting of pitman by finger touch under direct-view, solves the complicated operation that existing spinal column Percutaneous fixation system causes because the operation visual field is not good in operation process, the problem that the time is long, difficulty is large.
A kind of spinal column Percutaneous fixation system, comprise pedicle screw, for punch screw tap, for screw in pedicle screw screw-in device, for connecting the pitman of pedicle screw and putting excellent device, the pedicle screw of pedicle screw any one of claim 1-8 for what insert pitman;
Also comprise seal wire, the diameter of seal wire is less than the internal diameter of sleeve pipe;
Screw tap is hollow screw tap, and hollow screw tap comprises screw tap handle and screw tap body, screw tap body is provided with the screw tap pilot hole that axis overlaps with screw tap body axis, and the diameter of screw tap pilot hole is greater than the diameter of seal wire;
Screw in device comprise screw-in device handle and screw in device body, it is orthohexagonal prism portion that one end of screw-in device body is provided with cross section, its center is provided with the screw-in device pilot hole that axis overlaps with screw-in device body axis, and the diameter screwing in device pilot hole is greater than the diameter of seal wire;
Putting excellent device to comprise and put excellent device handle, one end and put the arc-shaped connecting rod that excellent device handle is fixedly linked and the pitman mounting groove being arranged at the connecting rod other end, in pitman mounting groove, being provided with the spring leaf for being fixedly connected with rod;
Pitman has the radian identical with connecting rod, and pitman is provided with conical nose, and its afterbody is provided with the locating slot matched with pitman mounting groove.
Preferably, in above-mentioned spinal column Percutaneous fixation system, also comprise:
Localised puncture trocar, localised puncture trocar comprises nook closing member, be sheathed on sleeve pipe outside nook closing member and locating piece, nook closing member comprises the nook closing member handle being provided with locating hole and the nook closing member body be fixedly connected on nook closing member handle, one end of sleeve pipe is provided with the locating slot mated with locating hole, and locating piece is slidably disposed in locating hole;
Folding arm device, the clamping part that folding arm device comprises folding arm device handle and arranges at an angle with folding arm device handle, clamping part comprises the stator be fixedly installed and the flexure strip be oppositely arranged with stator.
Present invention also offers a kind of spinal column Percutaneous fixation system, comprise above-mentioned pedicle screw in this spinal column Percutaneous fixation system.The spinal column Percutaneous fixation system that the application of the invention provides, surgical doctor can complete inserting of spinal column Percutaneous fixation system under direct-view, and simple to operate, the time needed for operation is short.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
The structural representation of the pedicle screw that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the syndeton schematic diagram that spring leaf and locking cap adopt grafting;
Fig. 3 is the syndeton schematic diagram that spring leaf and locking cap adopt joggle;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of snap slot local on locking cap;
Fig. 5 is the partial structurtes schematic diagram of the pedicle screw being provided with retainer ring;
Fig. 6 is the partial structurtes schematic diagram of the pedicle screw being provided with pilot hole;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of localised puncture trocar;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of seal wire;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of hollow screw tap;
Figure 10 is the structural representation screwing in device;
Figure 11 is the structural representation putting excellent device;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of pitman;
Figure 13 is the structural representation of folding arm device.
In above Fig. 1-13:
Shank of screw 1, pilot hole 11, locking cap 2, plug screw 3, spring leaf 4, inserting groove 21, tongue-and-groove 22, snap slot 23, connecting portion 40, curved portions 41, tenon 43, retainer ring 5;
Localised puncture trocar 100, nook closing member 110, nook closing member handle 111, nook closing member body 112, sleeve pipe 120, locating piece 130, seal wire 200, hollow screw tap 300, screw tap handle 310, screw tap body 320, screw tap pilot hole 321, screw in device 400, screw in device handle 410, screw in device pilot hole 411, screw in device body 420, prism portion 421, put excellent device 500, put excellent device handle 510, connecting rod 520, pitman mounting groove 530, spring leaf 540, pitman 600, conical nose 610, locating slot 620, folding arm device 700, folding arm device handle 710, clamping part 720, stator 721, flexure strip 722.
Detailed description of the invention
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of pedicle screw and a kind of spinal column Percutaneous fixation system, to solve the complicated operation that existing spinal column Percutaneous fixation system causes because the operation visual field is not good in operation process, the problem that the time is long, difficulty is large.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Please refer to Fig. 1, the pedicle screw disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention comprises shank of screw 1, locking cap 2, plug screw 3 and spring leaf 4.
The outer surface of shank of screw 1 is provided with external thread part; Locking cap 2 is articulated with the afterbody of shank of screw 1, and locking cap 2 can carry out swinging and rotating at the afterbody of shank of screw 1, and the top of locking cap 2 is provided with the pitman installing hole that female thread fixing hole and axis overlap with locking cap normal to a surface; Spring leaf 4 is arc, and two panels spring leaf 4 is symmetricly set on the head of locking cap 2, and one end and the locking cap 2 of spring leaf 4 are fixedly linked, and its other end launches laterally.
It is envisioned that after pedicle screw is inserted vertebral body, under the effect of external thread part, pedicle screw and vertebral body are fixedly linked.Simultaneously, the two panels spring leaf being arranged at locking cap 2 top launches all laterally, thus the skin of surrounding, muscle and hetero-organization thereof are expanded, such surgical doctor can carry out inserting of pitman by finger touch under direct-view, and then solves the complicated operation that existing spinal column Percutaneous fixation system causes because the operation visual field is not good in operation process, the problem that the time is long, difficulty is large.
Concrete, in the pedicle screw disclosed in above-described embodiment, the head of locking cap 2 is provided with the inserting groove 21 perpendicular to its end face, and spring leaf 4 is removably plugged in inserting groove 21, as shown in Figure 2.It is conceivable that, pedicle screw is being inserted vertebral body and after pitman and pedicle screw being fixedly linked, spring leaf 4 has completed the task that it struts wound Surrounding muscles, skin and hetero-organization thereof, if indwelling spring leaf 4, wound cannot be sewed up, and will affect the healing of wound.By spring leaf 4 is removably plugged in holddown groove 21, before sewing-up cut, spring leaf 4 can be removed, sew up to avoid impact.
Further, in pedicle screw provided in the above-described embodiments, locking cap 2 can also be connected by joggle with spring leaf 4.As shown in Figure 3, spring leaf 4 comprises connecting portion 40 and curved portions 41; Connecting portion 40 is provided with tenon 43, and the head of locking cap 2 is provided with the tongue-and-groove 22 matched with tenon 43, spring leaf 4 and locking cap 2 are fixedly linked by tenon 43 and tongue-and-groove 22.
Further, the bottom of locking cap 2 upper tenon groove 22 or the back side are provided with snap slot 23, snap slot 23 in order to weaken the intensity of locking cap 2 locking cap 2 so that surgical doctor fractures when needed from here, thus spring leaf 4 is taken off from locking cap 2, with the stitching avoiding it to affect wound.
It is conceivable that, the cross section of the snap slot 23 in above-described embodiment can be one-sided V-type, bilateral V-type or rectangle, preferably, snap slot 23 is the snap slot of bilateral V-type cross section, as shown in Figure 4, the snap slot of bilateral V-type cross section more easily ruptures, and is convenient to surgical doctor and fractures in operation process spring leaf 4.
Further, the pedicle screw that the embodiment of the present invention provides also comprises retainer ring 5.As shown in Figure 5, retainer ring 5 is sheathed on one end that spring leaf 4 launches laterally, and under the effect of retainer ring 5, symmetrically arranged flared one end of two panels spring leaf 4 is bound round together, affects the operation of surgical doctor to prevent flared spring leaf 4.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the ring that retainer ring 5 can have any shape, as annulus, elliptical ring or Fang Huan etc.As preferably, retainer ring 5 is Fang Huan, and compared with annulus, elliptical ring etc., the profile of Fang Huan is more regular, easily fixes, and is convenient to depositing of pedicle screw.
Further, in order to the one end being arranged on two panels spring leaf 4 making retainer ring 5 stable, there is the locating slot for inlay card retainer ring 5 in the arranged outside of the overhanging one end of spring leaf 4.Retainer ring 5 is being set in one end of two panels spring leaf 4, and is snapping in locating slot.Locating slot can prevent retainer ring from moving up and down, and then achieves the object making retainer ring 5 more stable.
In order to when inserting pedicle screw, location is more accurate, further, the shank of screw 1 of the pedicle screw provided at the present embodiment is also provided with pilot hole 11.As shown in Figure 6, pilot hole 11 is arranged on the center of shank of screw 1, the dead in line of its axis and shank of screw 1.In the process inserting pedicle screw, surgical doctor can utilize the seal wire inserting pilot hole 11 to lead to pedicle screw, effectively ensure that positioning precision when installing pedicle screw.
Concrete, the nut of shank of screw is provided with the inner hexagonal hole for screwing described shank of screw.
The invention also discloses a kind of spinal column Percutaneous fixation system, include above-mentioned pedicle screw within the system.
Concrete, spinal column Percutaneous fixation system disclosed in this invention comprises:
Localised puncture trocar 100, localised puncture trocar 100 comprises nook closing member 110, sleeve pipe 120 and locating piece 130, as shown in Figure 7.Nook closing member 110 comprises the nook closing member handle 111 being provided with locating hole and the nook closing member body 112 be fixedly connected on nook closing member handle 111, sleeve pipe 120 is sheathed on outside nook closing member 110, its one end is provided with the locating slot mated with locating hole, and locating piece 130 is slidably disposed in locating hole;
Seal wire 200, seal wire 200 is acuminous elongated guide silk for one end is arranged, and its diameter is less than the internal diameter of sleeve pipe 120, and its structure is as shown in Figure 8;
Hollow screw tap 300, as shown in Figure 9, hollow screw tap 300 comprises screw tap handle 310 and screw tap body 320, screw tap body 320 is provided with screw tap pilot hole 321, the axis of screw tap pilot hole 321 and the dead in line of screw tap body 320, meanwhile, its diameter is greater than the diameter of seal wire 200;
Screw in device 400, as shown in Figure 10, screw in device 400 comprise screw-in device handle 410 and screw in device body 420, it is orthohexagonal prism portion 421 that one end of screw-in device body 420 is provided with cross section, screw-in device body 410 is provided with the screw-in device pilot hole 411 that axis overlaps with screw-in device body axis, the diameter screwing in device pilot hole 411 is greater than the diameter of seal wire 200;
Put excellent device 500, as shown in figure 11, putting excellent device 500 to comprise and put excellent device handle 510, one end and put the arc-shaped connecting rod 520 that excellent device handle 510 is fixedly linked and the pitman mounting groove 530 being arranged at connecting rod 520 other end, in pitman mounting groove 530, being provided with the spring leaf 540 for being fixedly connected with rod;
Pitman 600, as shown in figure 12, pitman 600 has the radian identical with connecting rod 520, and pitman 600 is provided with conical nose 610, and its afterbody is provided with the locating slot 620 matched with pitman mounting groove 530;
Folding arm device 700, as shown in figure 13, folding arm device 700 comprises folding arm device handle 710 and clamping part 720, and clamping part 720 and folding arm device handle 710 are arranged at an angle; Clamping part 720 comprises the stator 721 be fixedly installed and the flexure strip 722 be oppositely arranged with stator 721, simultaneously, be provided with in the end that flexure strip 722 is overhanging towards the projection of stator 721, the screw cap fractureed can block by this projection, and takes operative region out of.
When using spinal column Percutaneous fixation system provided by the present invention, what first use paracentesis trocar 100 to determine pedicle screw carries out track; Then take out nook closing member 110, and insert seal wire 200; Take out sleeve pipe 120 again, on vertebral body, carry out screw tap along the hollow screw tap 300 of seal wire 200; Afterwards, take out hollow screw tap 300, pedicle screw is inserted vertebral body along seal wire, and utilize screw-in device 400 to be screwed in by pedicle screw in the hole of tapping in advance; Take off the retainer ring 5 being sheathed on pedicle of vertebral arch screw and nailing on again, now spring leaf 4 launches to both sides, the skin of surrounding, muscle and hetero-organization thereof are expanded, surgical doctor can utilize and put excellent device 500 and insert in the pitman installing hole at pedicle screw top by pitman 600 under the condition of direct-view; Insert plug screw 3 again to be fixedly connected with rod 600, and utilize folding arm device 700 to be gone out to fracture locking cap 2 by snap slot 23, the locking cap 2 taking out spring leaf 4 and fracture; Finally, namely the stitching process carrying out wound completes the installation of spinal column Percutaneous fixation system.
In this description, each embodiment adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiments, between each embodiment identical similar portion mutually see.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field are realized or uses the present invention.To be apparent for those skilled in the art to the multiple amendment of these embodiments, General Principle as defined herein can without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention can not be restricted to these embodiments shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.