CN102811320A - Black order compensating circuit, image sensor and relevant method - Google Patents
Black order compensating circuit, image sensor and relevant method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a black order compensating circuit, an image sensor and a relevant method, wherein the black order compensating circuit comprises a first processing unit, a second processing unit and a compensating unit, wherein the first processing unit is used for carrying out hot pixel filtration operation on a received first digital black pixel sensing signal according to a first critical value to generate a first filtered black pixel sensing signal and generating a second critical value according to the first filtered black pixel sensing signal; the second processing unit is used for carrying out hot pixel filtration operation on the received second digital black pixel sensing signal according to the second critical value to generate a second filtered black pixel sensing signal and generating a black order compensating value according to the second filtered black pixel sensing signal; and the compensating unit is used for carrying out black order compensation on the received image sensing signal to obtain an output signal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of black rank compensating circuit and correlation technique thereof, relate in particular to a kind of numeral and analog circuit of utilizing simultaneously the image sensing signal is deceived black rank compensating circuit, image sensor and the correlation technique thereof of rank compensation.
Background technology
Semiconductor image transducer (for example charge coupled cell (CCD) or complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) transducer) generally is used in camera or the video camera, is electronic signal in order to the video conversion with visible light, is convenient to follow-up storage, transmission or demonstration.
Because the non-perfect character of electronic circuit; Make image sensor still can have leakage current not receiving under the situation of any light; Therefore make image sensing signal that image sensor produced can include the composition of this leakage current, and brightness value of image that can't actual response sensed.In order to overcome this problem; Usually can read black (optical black) pixel of optics (or light hides (light-shielded) pixel) of multirow; Deceive the rank offset through average back as one, this black rank offset is used for promptly representing that image sensor is not receiving the leakage current that still has under any light.
Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the sketch map of known black rank compensating circuit 100.As shown in Figure 1, black rank compensating circuit 100 includes an adder 102, an analogue amplifier 104, an analog-digital converter 106, a digital amplifier 108, a black rank correcting unit 110 and a digital analog converter 112.In the operation of black rank compensating circuit 100; The black pixel sensing signal that black rank compensating circuit 100 can read among the image sensing signal Vin; And after the processing by analogue amplifier 104, analog-digital converter 106 and digital amplifier 108, input in the black rank correcting unit 110.And black rank correcting unit 110 averages calculating with the black pixel sensing value that is received; To obtain a black rank offset; Should get back to adder 102 with compensation image sensing signal Vin, so that image process unit 120 received image sensing signals can go out the brightness value of image that is sensed by actual response via digital analog converter 122 by black rank offset afterwards.
Yet; The analog-digital converter 106 and the black rank correcting unit 110 of above-mentioned black rank compensating circuit 100 can have bigger time delay; And digital analog converter 112 can produce quantization error, and therefore, the speed and the accuracy of traditional black rank compensating circuit 100 all can't improve.
In addition, if utilize analog circuit to deceive rank compensation, then having can't efficient problem of carrying out the hot pixels filtering, compensates and can't deceive rank accurately.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, one of the object of the invention is to provide a kind of numeral and analog circuit of utilizing simultaneously the image sensing signal is deceived the black rank compensating circuit and the correlation technique thereof of rank compensation, to solve the above problems.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a kind of black rank compensating circuit includes one first processing unit, one second processing unit and a compensating unit.This first processing unit is operated the one first digital black pixel sensing signal that is received is carried out the hot pixels filtering according to one first critical value; Producing the first black pixel sensing signal after the filtering, and according to the first black pixel sensing signal after this filtering to produce one second critical value; This second processing unit is operated the one second digital black pixel sensing signal that is received is carried out the hot pixels filtering according to this second critical value; Producing the second black pixel sensing signal after the filtering, and according to the second black pixel sensing signal after this filtering to produce a black rank offset; This compensating unit is according to exporting signal the image sensing signal that is received is deceived the rank compensation to obtain one by black rank offset.
According to another embodiment of the present invention; A kind of black rank compensation method; Include: operate one first digital black pixel sensing signal is carried out the hot pixels filtering according to one first critical value; Producing the first black pixel sensing signal after the filtering, and according to the first black pixel sensing signal after this filtering to produce one second critical value; According to this second critical value one second digital black pixel sensing signal being carried out hot pixels filtering operation, producing the second black pixel sensing signal after the filtering, and according to the second black pixel sensing signal after this filtering to produce a black rank offset; And according to exporting signal the image sensing signal that is received is deceived the rank compensation to obtain one by black rank offset.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, a kind of image sensor includes an image sensing unit and a black rank compensating circuit, and wherein this image sensing unit comprises a plurality of sensor pixels and a plurality of black pixel.Should include one first processing unit, one second processing unit and a compensating unit by black rank compensating circuit.This first processing unit is coupled to those black pixels; In order to carry out hot pixels filtering operation with sensing signal to those black pixels of being received according to one first critical value; Producing the first black pixel sensing signal after the filtering, and according to the first black pixel sensing signal after this filtering to produce one second critical value; This second processing unit is coupled to those black pixels; In order to carry out hot pixels filtering operation with sensing signal to those black pixels of being received according to this second critical value; Producing the second black pixel sensing signal after the filtering, and according to the second black pixel sensing signal after this filtering to produce a black rank offset; This compensating unit is coupled to those sensor pixels, is used for according to exporting signal the image sensing signal of those sensor pixels is deceived the rank compensation to obtain one by black rank offset.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sketch map of known black rank compensating circuit.
Fig. 2 is the sketch map according to the black rank compensating circuit of one embodiment of the invention.
3 figure be the operation chart of first processing unit shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 4 is the sketch map according to the image sensor of one embodiment of the invention.
[main element symbol description]
100,200,460 black rank compensating circuits
102,203,222,250,450 adders
104,204 analogue amplifiers
106,208,408 analog-digital converters
108 digital amplifiers
110 black rank correcting units
112 digital analog converters
120 image process units
The black rank of 202 simulations correcting unit
206 black rank value computing units
210,410 first processing units
220 first multiplexers
224 multipliers
230,430 second processing units
240 second multiplexers
400 image sensors
420 image sensing units
Embodiment
Please refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the sketch map according to the black rank compensating circuit 200 of one embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 2; Black rank compensating circuit 200 includes the black rank of simulation correcting unit 202, an analog-digital converter 208, one first processing unit 210, one first multiplexer 220, an adder 222, a multiplier 224, one second processing unit 230, one second multiplexer 240 and a compensating unit (in the present embodiment; This compensating unit is an adder 250), wherein the black rank of simulation correcting unit 202 includes an adder 203, an analogue amplifier 204 and a black rank value computing unit 206.
In the operation of black rank compensating circuit 200; At first; The black rank of simulation correcting unit 202 receives the black pixel sensing signal Vin of simulation from the image sensor (not shown), and deceives the whole operation of contrast to produce the black pixel sensing signal of an adjustment back simulation to simulating black pixel sensing signal Vin.In detail; The black pixel sensing signal Vin of simulation is through inputing to black rank value computing unit 206 after adder 203 and the analogue amplifier 204; Then; Black rank value computing unit 206 is made average operation (for example, low-pass filtering operation) to produce a corrected value VBLC to adder 203, so that the black pixel sensing signal Vin of simulation can be as much as possible near the complete black GTG value of a representative after process adder 203 with the black pixel sensing signal Vin of the simulation that is received.In other embodiments, the black rank of simulation correcting unit 202 can use subtracter or blender to replace adder 203.
Yet, because the flaw of image sensor on manufacturing process have the black pixel of few part to have so-called " hot pixels " phenomenon, that is under some situation, the sensing signal that those black pixels are exported can have very big current/voltage.Therefore; The corrected value VBLC that black rank value computing unit 206 is calculated is to possibly because few partly " hot pixels " phenomenon and error to some extent of black pixel; And then cause the output of the black rank of simulation correcting unit 202 to represent complete black GTG value near one; That is the output of the black rank of analog-digital converter 208 receptions correcting unit 202 possibly can't reach with the digital black pixel sensing signal Din that produces and approach " 0 " or one very low digital value.
Therefore; Then; First processing unit 210 receives one first digital black pixel sensing signal among the digital black pixel sensing signal Din; And according to one first critical value TH1 this first digital black pixel sensing signal is carried out hot pixels filtering operation to produce the first black pixel sensing signal after the filtering; Wherein the first digital black pixel sensing signal can be the sensing signal that includes a plurality of black pixels (the for example black pixel of a full line), and hot pixels filtering operation promptly is that the digital value greater than the first critical value TH1 in this first digital black pixel sensing signal is removed.Then, first processing unit 210 continues a plurality of digital values in the first black pixel sensing signal after this filtering are made average operation, to produce one second critical value TH2.
Then; First multiplexer 220 selects signal SEL1 optionally to export the first critical value TH1 or the second critical value TH2 according to one first; Afterwards, input to second processing unit 230 after the adjustment of the output of first multiplexer 220 via adder 222 and multiplier 224.
Be noted that; Adder 222 and multiplier 224 are to be used for to the first critical value TH1 or the second critical value TH2 does the adjustment on the numerical value; And be the element of nonessential (optional), that is adder 222 and multiplier 224 can be from black rank compensating circuit 200 remove and do not have influence on the operation of black rank compensating circuit 200.
Then; Second processing unit 230 receives one second digital black pixel sensing signal among the digital black pixel sensing signal Din; And the first critical value TH1 or the second critical value TH2 that are exported according to first multiplexer 220; This second digital black pixel sensing signal is carried out hot pixels filtering operation to produce the second black pixel sensing signal after the filtering; Wherein the second digital black pixel sensing signal can be the sensing signal that includes a plurality of black pixels (the for example black pixel of another full line), and hot pixels filtering operation promptly is with removing greater than the first critical value TH1 or the digital value of the second critical value TH2 in this second digital black pixel sensing signal.Then, second processing unit 230 continues a plurality of digital values in the second black pixel sensing signal after this filtering are made average operation, and produces a black rank offset DBLC according to this.
Illustrate the operation of above-mentioned first processing unit 210 and second processing unit 230, please refer to Fig. 3, suppose stain shown in Figure 3 numeric distribution figure for this first digital black pixel sensing signal, the longitudinal axis is a numerical values recited.Then the first critical value TH1 can be set at a higher digital value, and for example " 100 " are so that first processing unit, 210 filterings " hot pixels " value clearly.And the illustrated second critical value TH2 can be positioned at all following black pixel sensing signals of the first critical value TH1 average, in this example, is assumed to be " 55 ".Therefore; Suppose that this second digital black pixel sensing signal and this first digital black pixel sensing signal have similar numeric distribution; Further filtering more unconspicuous " hot pixels " value (that is numerical value is positioned at " 55 " above black pixel sensing signal) of second processing unit 230 then; And with the average computation of doing of all the black pixel sensing signals below the illustrated second critical value TH2, and obtain black rank offset DBLC according to this.
In the step of the black rank offset DBLC of decision; In one embodiment; Can the mean value of all the black pixel sensing signals below the second critical value TH2 be made as black rank offset DBLC's; That is, if the mean value of all black pixel sensing signals below the second critical value TH2 shown in Figure 3 be " 40 ", will deceive then that rank offset DBLC is made as " 40 " so that the output signal Dout of black rank compensating circuit 200 eliminates the composition of deceiving the pixel leakage current; In another embodiment, if the mean value of all black pixel sensing signals below the second critical value TH2 shown in Figure 3 be " 40 ", then can be according to this mean value, set and deceive rank offset DBLC via computing or adjustment, for example be " 25 ".
Then; Second multiplexer 240 selects signal SEL2 optionally to export black rank offset DBLC or one the 3rd critical value TH3 to adder 250 according to one second; Afterwards, adder 250 is exported signal Dout image-processing circuit (not shown) to rear end the image sensing signal that is received is deceived the rank compensation to obtain one according to black rank offset DBLC or the 3rd critical value TH3.
Be noted that the function of first multiplexer 220 only is to supply designer/user to select whether skip over the output of first processing unit 210, and directly let second multiplexer 230 use the first critical value TH1 to carry out hot pixels filtering operation.Therefore, if do not need this selection function, first multiplexer 220 can also remove in black rank compensating circuit 200, and the second critical value TH2 that first processing unit 210 is exported is directly inputted into adder 222.
Similarly, the function of second multiplexer 240 is to supply designer/user to select whether skip over the output of second processing unit 230, and directly lets adder 250 use the 3rd critical value TH3 the image sensing signal that is received is deceived the rank compensation.Therefore, if do not need this selection function, second multiplexer 240 can also remove in black rank compensating circuit 200, and the black rank offset DBLC that second processing unit 230 is exported is to be directly inputted into adder 250.
As stated, the digital circuit in the black rank compensating circuit 200 can obtain a desirable black rank offset DBLC, so that correspond to that the output signal Dout of digital black pixel sensing signal Din can approach " 0 " or be a very low digital value.Thus, deceive rank compensating circuit 200 and just can carry out the compensation of black exactly rank the follow-up image sensing signal that receives.
In addition; Because black rank compensating circuit 200 utilizes analog circuit to carry out the black rank compensation of phase I earlier; Utilize digital circuit to eliminate the black rank compensation that second stage was carried out in " hot pixels " influence afterwards afterwards again; Therefore, can avoid the speed and the accuracy problems of digital black rank compensating circuit in the known technology, and avoid the accuracy problem that the black rank of simulation compensating circuit causes because of the hot pixels factor in the known technology.
Fig. 4 is the sketch map according to the image sensor 400 of one embodiment of the invention, and is as shown in Figure 4, and image sensor 400 includes an image sensing unit 420 and black rank compensating circuit 460.Image sensing unit 420 comprises a plurality of sensor pixels and a plurality of black pixel, and is used for exporting the sensing signal of those black pixels and the extremely black rank of the image sensing signal Vin compensating circuit 460 of those sensor pixels.In the operation of image sensor 400; Black rank compensating circuit 460 receives the sensing signal of those black pixels; And the sensing signal of those black pixels handled to produce a black rank offset; Then, deceive rank compensating circuit 460 again according to compensating to obtain exporting signal Dout the image sensing signal of those sensor pixels is deceived rank by black rank offset.
Black rank compensating circuit 460 comprises analog-digital converter 408, first processing unit 410, second processing unit 430 and compensating unit (adder) 450.First processing unit 410 is operated so that the sensing signal of deceiving pixel that is received is carried out the hot pixels filtering according to the first critical value TH1; Producing the first black pixel sensing signal after the filtering, and according to the first black pixel sensing signal after this filtering to produce one second critical value TH2.Second processing unit 430 is coupled to those black pixels; Carry out hot pixels filtering operation according to the second critical value TH2 with sensing signal to the black pixel that received; Producing the second black pixel sensing signal after the filtering, and according to the second black pixel sensing signal after the filtering to produce black rank offset DBLC.Compensating unit 450 is used for according to exporting signal Dout the image sensing signal of sensor pixel is deceived the rank compensation to obtain one by black rank offset DBLC.Wherein, the black pixel sensing signal that first processing unit 410 and second processing unit 430 are received can be directly from image sensing unit 420 and the analog signal of coming or, see through analog-digital converter 408 and the digital signal of coming like present embodiment.
In one embodiment, the second critical value TH2 is less than the first critical value TH1.Wherein first processing unit 410 is made average operation with the first black pixel sensing signal after the filtering, and produces the second critical value TH2 according to this.The black rank of present embodiment compensating circuit 460 also can comprise the black rank of the simulation correcting unit 202 among above-mentioned other embodiment.
Concise and to the point conclusion the present invention; In black rank compensating circuit of the present invention and correlation technique; Be to utilize numeral and analog circuit simultaneously the image sensing signal is deceived the black rank compensating circuit and the correlation technique thereof of rank compensation; The influence that digital circuit part in the compensating circuit of wherein black rank can accurately be eliminated hot pixels and caused, and further the image sensing signal that is received deceive rank and compensates is to obtain a desirable output signal.
The above is merely the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equalizations of doing according to claim of the present invention change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. black rank compensating circuit includes:
First processing unit; Be used for according to first critical value the first digital black pixel sensing signal that is received is carried out hot pixels filtering operation; Producing the first black pixel sensing signal after the filtering, and according to the first black pixel sensing signal after the said filtering to produce second critical value;
Second processing unit; Be coupled to said first processing unit; Be used for according to said second critical value the second digital black pixel sensing signal that is received is carried out hot pixels filtering operation; With the second black pixel sensing signal after the generation filtering, and the second black pixel sensing signal is deceived the rank offset to produce after the said filtering of foundation; And
Compensating unit is coupled to said second processing unit, is used for according to said black rank offset the image sensing signal that is received is deceived the rank compensation to obtain exporting signal.
2. black rank as claimed in claim 1 compensating circuit, wherein said second critical value is less than said first critical value.
3. black rank as claimed in claim 1 compensating circuit, wherein said first processing unit with said filtering after in the first black pixel sensing signal a plurality of digital values make average operation, and produce said second critical value according to this.
4. black rank as claimed in claim 1 compensating circuit, other includes:
First multiplexer is coupled between said first processing unit and said second processing unit, is used for selecting signal optionally to export said first critical value or said second critical value to said second processing unit according to first.
5. black rank as claimed in claim 4 compensating circuit; Wherein when said first multiplexer is exported said second critical value to said second processing unit; Said second processing unit is operated the said second digital black pixel sensing signal that is received is carried out the hot pixels filtering according to said second critical value; Producing the second black pixel sensing signal after the said filtering, and according to the second black pixel sensing signal after the said filtering to produce said black rank offset; And when said first multiplexer is exported said first critical value to said second processing unit; Said second processing unit is operated the said second digital black pixel sensing signal that is received is carried out the hot pixels filtering according to said first critical value, and produces another black rank offset to said compensating unit according to this.
6. black rank as claimed in claim 1 compensating circuit, other includes:
Second multiplexer is coupled between said second processing unit and the said compensating unit, is used for selecting signal optionally to export said black rank offset or the 3rd critical value to said second processing unit according to second.
7. black rank as claimed in claim 6 compensating circuit; Wherein when said second multiplexer was exported said black rank offset to said compensating unit, said compensating unit compensated to obtain said output signal the said image sensing signal that is received is deceived rank according to said black rank offset; And when said second multiplexer was exported said the 3rd critical value to said compensating unit, said compensating unit was exported signal the said image sensing signal that is received is deceived the rank compensation to produce another according to said the 3rd critical value.
8. black rank as claimed in claim 1 compensating circuit, other includes:
The black rank of simulation correcting unit is used for receiving the black pixel sensing signal of simulation, and the black pixel sensing signal of said simulation is deceived the whole operation of contrast to produce the black pixel sensing signal of adjustment back simulation; And
Analog-digital converter is coupled to the black rank of said simulation correcting unit, is used for the black pixel sensing signal of said adjustment back simulation is carried out the analog digital conversion, to produce said first digital black pixel sensing signal and the said second digital black pixel sensing signal.
9. black rank compensation method includes:
According to first critical value the first digital black pixel sensing signal being carried out hot pixels filtering operation, producing the first black pixel sensing signal after the filtering, and according to the first black pixel sensing signal after the said filtering to produce second critical value;
Operate the second digital black pixel sensing signal is carried out the hot pixels filtering according to said second critical value, with the second black pixel sensing signal after the generation filtering, and the second black pixel sensing signal is deceived the rank offset to produce after the said filtering of foundation; And
Compensate to obtain exporting signal the image sensing signal that is received is deceived rank according to said black rank offset.
10. black rank compensation method as claimed in claim 9, wherein said second critical value is less than said first critical value.
11. black rank compensation method as claimed in claim 9 wherein includes with the step that produces said second critical value according to the first black pixel sensing signal after the said filtering:
A plurality of digital values in the first black pixel sensing signal after the said filtering are made average operation, and produce said second critical value according to this.
12. black rank compensation method as claimed in claim 9, other includes:
Receive the black pixel sensing signal of simulation, and the black pixel sensing signal of said simulation is deceived the whole operation of contrast to produce the black pixel sensing signal of adjustment back simulation; And
The black pixel sensing signal of said adjustment back simulation is carried out the analog digital conversion, to produce said first digital black pixel sensing signal and the said second digital black pixel sensing signal.
13. an image sensor comprises:
Image sensing unit comprises a plurality of sensor pixels and a plurality of black pixel;
Black rank compensating circuit comprises:
First processing unit; Be coupled to said a plurality of black pixel; Carry out hot pixels filtering operation according to first critical value with sensing signal to said a plurality of black pixels of being received; Producing the first black pixel sensing signal after the filtering, and according to the first black pixel sensing signal after the said filtering to produce second critical value;
Second processing unit; Be coupled to said a plurality of black pixel; Carry out hot pixels filtering operation according to said second critical value with sensing signal to said a plurality of black pixels of being received; With the second black pixel sensing signal after the generation filtering, and the second black pixel sensing signal is deceived the rank offset to produce after the said filtering of foundation; And
Compensating unit is coupled to said a plurality of sensor pixel, is used for according to said black rank offset the image sensing signal of said a plurality of sensor pixels is deceived the rank compensation to obtain exporting signal.
14. image sensor as claimed in claim 13, the sensing signal of wherein said a plurality of black pixels are digital black pixel sensing signal.
15. image sensor as claimed in claim 13, wherein said second critical value is less than said first critical value.
16. image sensor as claimed in claim 13, wherein said first processing unit with said filtering after the first black pixel sensing signal make average operation, and produce said second critical value according to this.
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| CN108322680A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-07-24 | 思特威电子科技（开曼）有限公司 | The temperature self-adaptation black-level alignment method and system of imaging sensor |
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| CN110493545A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-22 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of cmos image sensor with hot pixels calibration function |
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| CN108322680B (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2020-06-09 | 昆山晔芯电子科技有限公司 | Temperature self-adaptive black level calibration method and system of image sensor |
| CN110493545A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-22 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of cmos image sensor with hot pixels calibration function |
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