CN102717121B - A Deep Hole Machine Tool Suitable for Conical Deep Hole Boring - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tapered hole processing devices, specifically a deep hole machine tool suitable for boring tapered deep holes, which solves the problem that existing deep hole machine tools cannot adapt to the processing of too deep holes and small diameters, including bed and Boring bar, boring tool, both the axial center and the radial direction of the boring bar are opened, the boring tool is installed in the radial hole of the boring bar, the double-taper core rod is arranged in the axial hole of the boring bar, and the double-cone core rod The front end of the machine is provided with two conical surfaces, the taper of the two conical surfaces is equal, and a floating support is installed on the boring bar. There is a taper hole on the boring bar, and the axis direction of the taper hole is parallel to the axis direction of the boring bar. The beneficial effect of the present invention is to realize the need of the deep hole machine tool to process the tapered deep hole, overcome the shortcoming that the boring bar is easily deformed in the process of deep tapered hole processing, and improve the processing accuracy.

Description

A Deep Hole Machine Tool Suitable for Conical Deep Hole Boring

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of devices for machining tapered holes, and in particular relates to a deep hole machine tool suitable for boring tapered deep holes.

Background technique

Boring cylindrical holes has a mature technology, and boring conical shallow holes is also easy to implement. The difficulty of boring a deep tapered hole lies in the first, the overhang of the boring bar is large, the boring bar is easily deformed, and it is not easy to guarantee the processing quality. Second, in shallow hole machining, the radial feed of the boring tool is easy to realize, but when boring a deep tapered hole, it is difficult for the boring tool to feed radially in the same way as when boring a shallow hole. Third, it is difficult to directly use gun drilling, BTA drilling, DF drilling and other deep hole processing technologies to complete the boring of tapered deep holes. In the last century, human beings have overcome the technical problems of deep hole processing in mechanical processing and formed a scientific modern deep hole processing technology, but this technology is mainly suitable for the processing of cylindrical deep holes. tool, and the diameter of the tapered hole is a variable, it is difficult to directly apply the deep hole processing technology to solve the processing of the tapered deep hole.

Although people try to avoid the conical deep hole structure when designing, in some cases, it is difficult to completely avoid the conical deep hole structure. For example, when casting or injection molding, sometimes even a cylindrical workpiece is often designed with a draft angle, which makes the mold have a tapered hole, and when the part is longer, the mold has a tapered deep hole. In actual work, people have explored some methods of processing tapered deep holes, but these methods often have limitations, such as only being able to adapt to the case of larger hole diameters, or only to the case of not too deep holes.

Contents of the invention

Purpose of the present invention: In order to solve the problem that the existing deep-hole machine tool cannot adapt to the processing situation that the hole is too deep and the hole diameter is small, it provides a kind of machine tool with simple principle, wide adaptability, which can be combined with modern numerical control technology, and can accurately control the diameter of the taper hole. Deep hole machine tool for tapered deep hole boring.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A deep-hole machine tool suitable for tapered deep-hole boring, including a bed, a spindle, a spindle box, a three-jaw chuck, a steady frame, a rotary part, an oil feeder bracket, an oil feeder seat, a sliding plate, and a boring bar And the boring tool, the oil feeder bracket is fixed on the bed guide rail according to the length of the workpiece, the oil feeder bracket is fixedly connected with the oil feeder seat, the rear end of the rotary part is installed on the oil feeder seat through the bearing, and the front end of the rotary part In contact with the rear end surface of the workpiece, the axial center and the radial direction of the boring bar are bored, the boring tool is installed in the radial hole of the boring bar, and the double-cone core rod is arranged in the axial hole of the boring bar. The front end of the core rod is provided with two conical surfaces, and the taper of the two conical surfaces is equal. A floating support is installed on the boring bar. The floating support includes a support rod, a screw sleeve and a spring. The screw sleeve is fixed on the boring bar, and the support rod wears Through the hole in the center of the screw sleeve, the lower part of the support rod has an annular protrusion, and a spring is installed between the annular protrusion and the screw sleeve. A keyway is processed on the support rod, and an anti-rotation pin is stuck in the keyway; a tapered hole is opened on the boring tool , the axial direction of the taper hole is parallel to the axial direction of the boring bar. There are two auxiliary connecting holes that can be inserted into the needle-nose pliers to screw the threaded sleeve into the boring bar on the upper end of the screw sleeve. The bottom surface of the screw sleeve is in contact with the boring bar. Ring grooves are processed on the top and the wall of the center hole of the screw sleeve. The screw cover seal and the floating support seal are respectively placed in the ring groove on the bottom surface of the screw sleeve and the ring groove on the wall of the center hole of the screw sleeve.

The front cone surface of the double-cone core rod passes through the taper hole opened on the boring tool, the front cone surface of the double-cone core rod contacts one side of the cone hole, and the other side is separated, and the double-cone core rod The back cone surface of the support rod is in contact with one end of the support rod. The slope of the end surface of the support rod is consistent with the back cone surface of the double-cone core rod. The other end of the support rod is in contact with the surface of the bored inner hole of the workpiece. The support rod should The slope of the end face is consistent with the taper of the inner hole of the workpiece. There are two floating supports. The axis is perpendicular to the axis of the boring tool and is located below the boring tool;

The axial hole of the boring bar is also provided with a cylindrical core rod and a threaded spline core rod. The double-tapered core rod is coaxial with the cylindrical core rod and the threaded spline core rod. It is matched with the small-diameter part of the front end of the cylindrical core rod, and a pin passes through the mating part transversely. There is a hole at the rear end of the cylindrical core rod. The matching part of the threaded spline core rod is matched with the thread in the rear end hole of the boring bar, the spline part on the threaded spline core rod is matched with the spline sleeve, and the spline part and its adjacent parts are set There are multiple scale lines that are staggered and perpendicular to the axis of the core rod in space. The spline sleeve is connected to the servo motor through a coupling, the servo motor is connected to the servo motor control device, the servo motor control device is connected to the pulse generator, and the pulse generator It is also connected with the feed control device, which is connected with the feed motor of the deep hole machine tool,

There are two symmetrical long screws installed on the boring tool. The two long screws pass through the guide grooves set on the boring bar and are connected with the short screws fixed on the boring bar through tension springs. The length of the guide grooves along the axis of the boring tool is longer than the long screw diameter,

There is also a hole on the boring bar to install an industrial endoscope.

The rear end of the boring bar passes through the oil feeder seat and is fixedly connected with the slide plate. There are two radial through holes on the wall of the oil feeder seat. There are also axial through holes on the wall of the oil feeder seat. One end of the hole communicates with the radial through hole near one end of the rotary part, the other end of the axial through hole communicates with the annular groove on the rotary part, and the internal space of the oil feeder seat, the internal space of the rotary part and the internal space of the workpiece are connected. A three-jaw chuck cover is arranged outside the three-jaw chuck that fixes the front end of the workpiece, and a chip discharge port is arranged at the lower part of the three-jaw chuck cover.

Annular grooves are respectively processed on both sides of the tapered hole of the boring tool, and sealing elements are placed in the grooves.

One end of the boring bar is installed with a boring bar end cover, and an annular groove is arranged on the end surface of the boring bar end cover, and a seal is placed in the annular groove.

Install a transparent sealing cover on the boring bar corresponding to the industrial endoscope lens.

An O-shaped sealing ring is installed at the contact point between the outer circle of the cylindrical core rod and the inner hole of the boring bar.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

First, using the tapered surface to control the radial movement of the tool meets the needs of deep hole machine tools for machining tapered deep holes.

Second, two floating supports are set up to share the radial cutting force and tangential cutting force respectively, which overcomes the shortcoming that the boring bar is easily deformed during deep tapered hole machining.

Thirdly, a double-cone mandrel is provided, and the taper of the two cone surfaces is the same, so that the radial movement of the tool is consistent with the radial movement of the floating support, so that the floating support can always play a role in the processing process. Since one end of the floating support is in contact with the processed surface, it can function as a self-reference and automatic guidance to a certain extent, which is conducive to improving the processing accuracy.

Fourth, the radial movement of the tool is controlled by using the servo motor and its control device, and the spline sleeve 23 and the screw mechanism. The technical solution is simple, accurate and reliable, and can meet the needs of machining high-quality tapered deep holes. Equipped with multiple scale lines, the diameter of the taper hole can be further grasped and checked to prevent the occurrence of processing quality problems.

Fifth, the industrial endoscope is convenient for observing the processing process. Once a problem is found, it can be dealt with in time, avoiding the disadvantages of being difficult to observe the cutting condition during the usual deep hole processing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention,

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure in the A-A direction,

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-cone core rod,

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cylindrical core rod,

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the threaded spline core rod,

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the boring bar structure,

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the boring bar in the C-C direction,

In the figure: 1-bed, 2-tapered hole workpiece, 3-three-jaw chuck, 4-spindle box, 5-spindle, 6-boring bar end cover, 7-boring bar, 8-boring bar end cover seal Parts, 9-double cone core rod, 10-boring knife, 11-boring knife seal, 12-screw sleeve, 13-anti-rotation pin, 14-support rod, 15-floating support seal, 16-spring, 17 -screw cover seal, 18-workpiece seal, 19-sealing ring, 20-bearing, 21-Y-shaped seal, 22-O-shaped seal, 23-spline sleeve, 24-coupling, 25-servo Motor, 26-sliding plate, 27-thread spline core rod, 28-cylindrical core rod, 29-oil feeder seat, 30-oil feeder bracket, 31-servo motor control device, 32-rotary piece, 33-center Frame, 34-industrial endoscope, 35-transparent sealing cover, 36-pulse generator, 37-three-jaw chuck cover, 38-short screw, 39-long screw, 40-extension spring, 41-feed motor control device, 42-feed motor.

Detailed ways

The traditional deep-hole machine tool itself has the function of boring. The invention reforms the deep-hole machine tool to complete conical deep-hole boring. The remanufactured parts include boring bar 7, boring cutter 10, double cone core rod 9, cylindrical core rod 28, screw spline core rod 27 and other parts. The three-jaw chuck 3 on the spindle box 4 of the deep-hole machine tool clamps the workpiece 2 with the tapered deep hole, and the center frame 33 presses the other end of the workpiece.

The oil feeder bracket 30 is fixed on a certain position of the guide rail of the bed 1 according to the length of the workpiece. The oil feeder bracket 30 is fixedly connected with the oil feeder seat 29, and one end of the rotary member 32 is mounted on the oil feeder seat 29 through a bearing. The other end is in contact with the end surface of the workpiece.

One end of the boring bar 7 is fixedly connected with the sliding plate 26, and the boring bar 7 is fed axially along with the movement of the sliding plate 26 along the guide rail of the bed, and the servo motor 25 and the shaft coupling 24 connected thereto, and the spline sleeve 23 are also moved along with the sliding plate 26. of mobile. The power source of the skateboard movement is the main motor.

Two radial through holes are processed on the wall of the oil feeder seat 29, oil enters from the large hole, and the oil passes through the inner space of the oil feeder seat 29 and the inner space of the rotary member 32, flows to the boring tool, and is washed away. Iron filings, cooling and lubricating the processing parts. Iron filings and oil flow out from another section of the workpiece. A three-jaw chuck cover 37 is arranged at the three-jaw chuck. When the main shaft hole is manually blocked in advance, iron filings and oil are thrown from the space between the jaws to the three-jaw chuck under the action of centrifugal force. Inside the cover, prevent the oil from being thrown out and cause pollution. The lower part of the three-jaw chuck cover is provided with a chip discharge port, and the existing technology is used to clean up the iron filings in time to prevent the accumulation of iron filings.

Enter other high-pressure oil from the small radial through hole on the wall of the oil feeder seat 29, and push the rotary member 32 through the axial hole on the wall of the oil feeder seat 29 to prevent its axial loosening.

A boring tool 10 that can move relative to the boring bar is installed in the transverse hole of the boring bar 7, and a double-taper core rod 9, a cylindrical core rod 28, and a threaded spline core rod 27 are placed in the axial hole in the center of the boring bar. , screw sleeve 12, spring 16 are installed on the boring bar, floating support.

The boring tool 10 has a tapered hole, and the front conical surface of the double-tapered mandrel 9 passes through the tapered hole provided by the boring tool, and is in contact with one side, but not the other side, that is, it is relatively offset. Due to the tightening effect of the extension spring 40 on the boring tool, the unilateral contact is always maintained. When the servo motor 25 rotates, when the threaded spline mandrel 27 is driven by the coupling 24 and the spline sleeve 23 to rotate, the threaded spline mandrel 27 and the cylindrical mandrel 28 connected thereto, and the double taper mandrel 9 are relatively The boring bar 7 moves axially, and through the action of the front tapered surface of the double-taper core rod 9, the boring tool moves radially to process a tapered hole.

The rear conical surface of the double-cone mandrel 9 is in contact with one end of the floating support, and the other end of the floating support is in contact with the workpiece 2. The floating support passes through the hole in the middle of the screw sleeve 12 fixed on the boring bar, and can move relative to the screw sleeve . One end of the floating support has an annular protrusion, and a spring 16 is installed between the annular protrusion and the screw sleeve. The spring 16 makes one end of the floating support contact with the tapered surface of the double-cone core rod 9 all the time. When moving, the floating support moves radially. When the bored hole becomes smaller, because the taper of the two cone surfaces of the double-taper core rod 9 is the same, the floating support moves inwards to adapt to the processed hole. The existence of the floating support plays the role of auxiliary support, which can reduce the deformation of the boring bar, which is very effective for the taper hole processing when the hole is very deep and the boring bar is long.

The two ends of the floating support have slopes, the slope of the end in contact with the double-taper core rod 9 is consistent with the taper surface of the core rod, and the slope of the end in contact with the workpiece is consistent with the taper of the workpiece.

A keyway is processed on the floating support, and the detachable anti-rotation pin 13 is snapped into the keyway to prevent the floating support from rotating around its own axis. There are two floating supports, one of which is parallel to the axis of the boring tool or close to the level, and is located on the opposite side of the boring tool tip relative to the axis of the boring bar to help bear the radial cutting force, and the other axis of the floating support is parallel to the axis of the boring tool The axes are staggered in space and vertical or close to vertical, located below the boring tool to help bear the tangential cutting force and reduce the deformation of the boring bar.

A long screw 39 is installed on the boring tool 10, and the long screw 39 is located in the waist-shaped groove opened on the boring bar 7, and is connected with the short screw 38 fixed on the boring bar 7 through a tension spring 40, and the boring tool is driven by the pulling force of the spring. The tapered hole of 10 keeps unilateral contact with the tapered surface of double-tapered core rod 9 all the time.

Double-cone core rod 9 is coaxial with cylindrical core rod 28, screw spline core rod 27, and the right-hand member of double-cone core rod 9 has a hole, and the hole is matched with cylindrical core rod 28 left end small-diameter parts, and a pin traverses through two The matching part of the person, the right end of cylindrical mandrel 28 has a hole, and the hole is matched with the small-diameter end of threaded spline mandrel 27 left ends, and a pin traverses through the mating part of both, and the threaded part on the threaded spline mandrel 27 and The thread in the hole at the right end of the boring bar matches, the spline part on the threaded spline core rod 27 matches the spline sleeve 23, and the spline part and its adjacent parts have multiple scales that are staggered and perpendicular to the axis of the core rod in space The spline sleeve is connected with the servo motor 25 through the shaft coupling 24. A plurality of scale lines can help to understand and check the axial movement distance of the threaded spline mandrel 27, thereby helping to understand and check the radial movement distance of the boring tool connected thereto, that is, helping to understand and check the diameter of the tapered hole.

The industrial endoscope 34 is installed in the hole provided on the boring bar 7 . The lens position design is advisable to can observe the cutting process at the tip of a knife, but leaves a certain distance from the tip of a knife to prevent iron filings from damaging the transparent sealing cover 35 installed before the lens.

The taper of the two cone surfaces of the double-cone core rod 9 is equal.

The screw sleeve 12 is fixed on the boring bar, and the floating support passes through the hole in the center of the screw sleeve. Two holes are processed on one end surface of the screw sleeve for tightening or loosening the screw sleeve.

Multiple seals are installed in the system to prevent oil leakage. An annular groove is processed on the other end face of the screw sleeve and the wall of the central hole of the screw sleeve, and a screw cap seal 17 and a floating support seal 15 are respectively placed in the groove to prevent oil leakage. An annular groove is respectively processed on both sides of the tapered hole of the boring tool 10, and a seal 11 is placed in the groove to prevent leakage. One end of the boring bar 7 is equipped with a boring bar end cover 6, and an annular groove is provided on the end surface of the boring bar end cover 6, and a sealing member 8 is placed in the groove. Prevent oil spills. An O-shaped sealing ring is installed at the contact point between the outer circle of the cylindrical core rod 28 and the inner hole of the boring bar 7 .

Servomotor 25 links to each other with pulse generator 36 through servomotor control device 31, and pulse generator 36 links to each other with feed motor 42 through feed motor control device 41, makes the motion of feed motor 42 coordinate with the motion of servo motor 25, Ensure that the processed taper meets the requirements. During the boring process, the rotation of the workpiece is driven by the spindle, which is driven by an independent motor. The spindle and its drive motor do not control the movement of the tool. The movement of the tool is jointly controlled by the servo motor and the feed motor. The feed motor controls the movement of the tool along the axis of the workpiece, and the servo motor controls the movement of the tool along the radial direction of the workpiece.

Claims (5)

1. a deep hole lathe that is applicable to taper deep hole boring, comprise lathe bed (1), main shaft (5), main spindle box (4), scroll chuck (3), centre frame (33), revolving meber (32), oil delivering unit support (30), oil delivering unit seat (29), slide carriage (26) and boring bar (7) and boring cutter (10), oil delivering unit support (30) is fixed on lathe bed (1) guide rail according to the length of workpiece, oil delivering unit seat (29) is connected on oil delivering unit support (30), the rear end of revolving meber (32) is arranged on oil delivering unit seat (29) by bearing, the front end of revolving meber (32) contacts with workpiece rear end face, it is characterized in that the axial centre of boring bar (7) and radially all perforates, boring cutter (10) is installed in the radial hole of boring bar (7), in the axial hole of boring bar (7), be provided with Double-conical-surface core bar (9), the front end of Double-conical-surface core bar (9) arranges two conical surface bodies, the tapering of two conical surface equates, boring bar is also provided with float support on (7), float support comprises support bar (14), swivel nut (12) and spring (16), swivel nut (12) is fixed on boring bar (7), support bar (14) is through the hole at swivel nut (12) center, support bar (14) bottom is with annular protrusion, spring (16) is installed between annular protrusion and swivel nut (12), support bar is processed with keyway on (14), in keyway, card has stop pin (13), boring cutter has taper hole on (10), the axis direction of taper hole is parallel to boring bar (7) axis direction, on swivel nut (12) upper surface, being processed with two can insert nipper plier and swivel nut (12) is screwed into the complementary connecting hole of boring bar (7), on the position contacting with boring bar (7) in swivel nut (12) bottom surface and on swivel nut (12) centre bore hole wall, be all processed with annular groove, in the annular groove of swivel nut (12) bottom surface and in the annular groove of swivel nut (12) centre bore hole wall, place respectively blind nut seal (17) and float support seal (15)

The inner cone of described Double-conical-surface core bar (9) is through the taper hole of offering on boring cutter (10), the inner cone of Double-conical-surface core bar (9) and a side contacts of taper hole, opposite side is separated, one end in contact of the rear cone of Double-conical-surface core bar (9) and support bar (14), the gradient of this end face of support bar (14) is consistent with the rear cone of Double-conical-surface core bar (9), other one end of support bar (14) contacts with workpiece (2) the bore area of boring, the gradient of this end face of support bar (14) is consistent with the hole taper of workpiece, float support is provided with two, one of them float support axis is parallel with boring cutter axis, and with respect to boring bar axis, be positioned at the offside of boring cutter point of a knife, another one float support axis is vertical with boring cutter (10) axis antarafacial, and be positioned at the below of boring cutter (10),

In the axial hole of boring bar (7), be also provided with cylinder core bar (28) and screw thread spline core bar (27), Double-conical-surface core bar (9) and cylinder core bar (28), screw thread spline core bar (27) is coaxial, the rear end of Double-conical-surface core bar (9) is porose, hole and cylinder core bar (28) front end minor diameter position match, there is a pin to be horizontally through both matching parts, the rear end of cylinder core bar (28) is porose, match with screw thread spline core bar (27) front end smaller diameter end in hole, there is a pin to be horizontally through both matching parts, the upper threaded portion of screw thread spline core bar (27) matches with the screw thread in stomidium after boring bar, splined section on screw thread spline core bar (27) matches with spline housing (23), splined section and contiguous position thereof are provided with spatially and staggered many vertical graduation marks of core bar axis, spline housing is connected with servomotor (25) by shaft coupling (24), servomotor (25) is connected with servo motor control device (31), servo motor control device (31) is connected with impulse generator (36), impulse generator (36) is also connected with feeding motor control assembly (41), feeding motor control assembly (41) is connected with feeding motor (42),

Symmetrical two long spiro nails (39) are installed on boring cutter (10), two long spiro nails (39) pass the gathering sill of offering on boring bar (7), by extension spring (40), be connected with the short screw (38) being fixed on boring bar (7), gathering sill is greater than the diameter of long spiro nail along the length of boring cutter axis direction

The upper also perforate of boring bar (7) is provided with industrial endoscope (34),

The rear end of boring bar (7) passes oil delivering unit seat (29) and is fixedly connected with slide carriage (26), on the wall of oil delivering unit seat (29), be provided with two radial direction through hole, on oil delivering unit seat (29) wall, be also provided with axially extending bore, axially extending bore one end communicates with the radial direction through hole near revolving meber (32) one end, the axially extending bore other end communicates with the cannelure on revolving meber (32), the inner space of oil delivering unit seat (29), the inner space of revolving meber (32) and the inner space of workpiece are connected, (30 are outside equipped with scroll chuck cover (37) to the scroll chuck of fixation workpiece front end, scroll chuck cover (37) bottom arranges chip removal mouth.

2. the deep hole lathe that is applicable to taper deep hole boring according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the both sides at boring cutter (10) bellmouth are processed with respectively cannelure, places seal (11) in groove.

3. the deep hole lathe that is applicable to taper deep hole boring according to claim 1, is characterized in that: one end of boring bar (7) is provided with boring bar end cap (6), and boring bar end cap (6) end face is offered cannelure, places seal (8) in cannelure.

4. the deep hole lathe that is applicable to taper deep hole boring according to claim 1, is characterized in that: transparent sealing lid (35) is installed at the position at upper corresponding industrial endoscope (34) camera lens of boring bar (7).

5. the deep hole lathe that is applicable to taper deep hole boring according to claim 1, is characterized in that: at cylinder core bar (28) cylindrical and boring bar (7) endoporus contact position, O-ring seals (22) is installed.

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