CN102705275A - Hydraulic control system for bolt and engineering machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a hydraulic control system for bolts, which is used to control the plugging and unplugging of bolts in telescopic booms. The telescopic booms include telescopic booms and telescopic oil cylinders. The hydraulic control system includes a first accumulator, The first one-way valve, the second one-way valve, the plug-driven oil cylinder and the plug-in reversing valve, wherein: the first accumulator is connected to the There is a rod chamber and a rodless chamber of the telescopic oil cylinder, and the telescopic oil cylinder can charge the first accumulator when the telescopic oil cylinder operates; the pin reversing valve is arranged between the pin driving oil cylinder and the first accumulator On the oil circuit between them, it is used to control the reversing of the plug-driven oil cylinder, so as to control the plug-in and pull-out of the plug. The invention also provides a construction machine. Through the invention, the structure of the oil cylinder can be simplified, the cost can be reduced, and the reliability is high.

Description

Hydraulic control system of bolt and construction machinery

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic control, in particular to a hydraulic control system of a bolt and an engineering machine.

Background technique

At present, the bolt hydraulic control system of truck cranes at home and abroad is mainly as follows: the cylinder core tube is set in the telescopic cylinder as the power source of the single-cylinder bolt cylinder control system. After the reversing valve works, the hydraulic oil controls the bolt cylinder to push out the piston rod or retract. The piston rod is retracted by the spring or pushed out of the piston rod after the reversing valve is reset.

Adopting the current bolt hydraulic control system has the following disadvantages:

1) The core tube is installed on the telescopic oil cylinder, the structure of the oil cylinder is complex, the cost is high, and the length of the core tube is too long, it is easy to deform flexibly and be damaged by high pressure;

2) The bolt cylinder is reset by a spring, which is prone to failure.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a new bolt hydraulic control system, which can simplify the structure of the oil cylinder, reduce the cost and have high reliability.

In view of this, the present invention provides a hydraulic control system for bolts, which is used to control the insertion and extraction of bolts in telescopic booms. The telescopic booms include telescopic booms and telescopic oil cylinders. The hydraulic control system includes a first an accumulator, a first one-way valve, a second one-way valve, a plug-driven oil cylinder and a plug-in reversing valve, wherein: the first accumulator passes through the first one-way valve and the second one-way valve Connected to the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the telescopic cylinder, the telescopic cylinder can charge the first accumulator when the telescopic cylinder operates; the pin reversing valve is arranged between the pin driving cylinder and the second An oil circuit between the accumulators is used to control the reversing of the plug-driven oil cylinder, so as to control the plug-in and pull-out of the plug.

In this technical solution, the setting of the inner core tube of the oil cylinder is canceled, the structure of the oil cylinder is simplified, and the cost is reduced. Moreover, the oil source for the action of the bolt is taken from the pressure oil source of the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the telescopic oil cylinder, and the control is simple. High reliability.

Preferably, the pin includes a cylinder pin of the telescopic oil cylinder and an arm pin of the telescopic arm, and the pin reversing valve includes a cylinder pin reversing valve and an arm pin reversing valve, wherein: the cylinder pin reversing valve The valve is arranged on the oil circuit between the cylinder pin drive cylinder and the first accumulator, and is used to control the reversing of the cylinder pin drive cylinder to control the insertion and withdrawal of the cylinder pin; the arm pin reversing valve It is arranged on the oil circuit between the arm pin driving oil cylinder and the first accumulator, and is used for controlling the reversing of the arm pin driving oil cylinder so as to control the insertion and extraction of the arm pin. In this technical solution, the cylinder pin and the arm pin driving oil cylinder are arranged in parallel, the principle is simple, and the purpose of using one control system to control the arm pin and the cylinder pin is realized.

Preferably, a first reversing valve is further provided on the oil circuit between the first accumulator and the pin reversing valve, which is used for on and off of the oil circuit. In this technical solution, by setting the first reversing valve, it can be used as a master switch for plugging and unplugging the cylinder pin and the arm pin, and there will be no safety risk when the cylinder pin reversing valve or the arm pin reversing valve fails, which improves the control system reliability.

Preferably, the first reversing valve is a two-position three-way reversing valve.

Preferably, the hydraulic control system further includes a second accumulator connected to the oil return port of the plug reversing valve. In this technical solution, when it is difficult to align the pin hole of the cylinder pin or the arm pin, the second accumulator is used to push the cylinder pin or the arm pin with a small force, so that the cylinder or the boom is trying to align the pin hole while moving , which improves the efficiency.

Preferably, the hydraulic control system further includes a second accumulator, a third one-way valve and a fourth one-way valve, and the second accumulator passes through the third one-way valve and the fourth one-way valve respectively. The one-way valve is connected to the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder, so that the pressure oil in the second accumulator can flow into the telescopic oil cylinder in one direction. In this technical solution, the second accumulator can be used to maintain the pressure of the telescopic oil cylinder, which improves the reliability of the system.

Preferably, the second accumulator is also connected to the oil return port of the plug reversing valve.

Preferably, the second accumulator is also connected to the first reversing valve, and when the first accumulator communicates with the plug reversing valve, the second accumulator is connected to the plug reversing valve disconnected, the first accumulator is disconnected from the plug reversing valve when the second accumulator is in communication with the plug reversing valve.

In this technical solution, the high-pressure oil in the oil passage a from the first reversing valve to the latch reversing valve can be sent to the second accumulator when the plug is not in action, reducing the oil pressure in the oil passage a, It avoids the potential safety hazard caused by the constant high pressure in the oil circuit a, and improves the reliability of the system.

Preferably, the hydraulic control system further includes: a first relief valve arranged on the oil path between the rodless chamber of the telescopic oil cylinder and the oil tank; a second relief valve arranged on the telescopic oil cylinder On the oil path between the rod cavity and the oil tank. In this technical solution, the first relief valve and the second relief valve can avoid excessive pressure in the rod chamber or rodless chamber of the telescopic oil cylinder, thereby improving the reliability of the system.

Preferably, the hydraulic control system further includes: a first hydraulic lock arranged on the oil circuit between the cylinder pin drive cylinder and the cylinder pin reversing valve; and/or a second hydraulic lock arranged on the The arm pin drives the oil cylinder and the oil path between the arm pin reversing valve. In this technical solution, the hydraulic lock can be used to maintain the static state of the cylinder pin and the arm pin when the cylinder pin and the arm pin are not in use.

The present invention also provides a construction machine, including the hydraulic control system described in any one of the above technical solutions. For example, the engineering machinery can be a crane, and the telescopic boom is the boom of the crane. The crane also includes a pressure oil source and a second reversing valve, and the second reversing valve is arranged on the oil circuit between the pressure oil source and the telescopic oil cylinder. , used to control the expansion and contraction of the telescopic cylinder.

Preferably, the crane further includes a balance valve, which is arranged on the oil circuit between the second reversing valve and the telescopic oil cylinder. In this technical solution, the balance valve can maintain the telescopic oil cylinder in a static state when the telescopic oil cylinder is not working.

In summary, through the present invention, the core tube is eliminated, the structure of the telescopic oil cylinder is simplified, and the cost is reduced; the return spring of the cylinder pin and the arm pin is eliminated, the structure is simple, the failure rate is low, and the reliability of the system is improved; The pressure oil source of the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the telescopic oil cylinder is used as the action oil source of the cylinder pin and the arm pin, and the control is simple.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, the corresponding relationship between reference numerals and component names in Fig. 1 is:

1 telescopic oil cylinder, 2 first accumulator, 3 first check valve, 4 second check valve,

5 pin reversing valve, 6 pin drive oil cylinder, 7 third one-way valve, 8 first reversing valve,

10 the fourth one-way valve, 11 the second accumulator, 13 the second reversing valve, 14 oil tank,

15 first relief valve, 16 second relief valve, 17 balance valve,

51 cylinder pin reversing valve, 52 arm pin reversing valve, 61 cylinder pin driving cylinder,

62 arm pin drive oil cylinders, 91 first hydraulic locks, 92 second hydraulic locks.

Detailed ways

In order to understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described here. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific details disclosed below. EXAMPLE LIMITATIONS.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the hydraulic control system of the plug in this embodiment is used to control the insertion and extraction of the plug in the telescopic boom. The telescopic boom includes a telescopic arm and a telescopic oil cylinder 1. The hydraulic control system includes a first The accumulator 2, the first one-way valve 3, the second one-way valve 4, the pin drive cylinder 6 and the pin reversing valve 5, wherein: the first accumulator 2 passes through the first one-way valve 3 and the second one-way valve The valve 4 is connected to the rod cavity and the rodless cavity of the telescopic cylinder 1, and the telescopic cylinder 1 can charge the first accumulator 2 when the telescopic cylinder 1 is in motion; On the oil circuit between them, it is used to control the pin to drive the oil cylinder 6 to reversing, so as to control the insertion and extraction of the pin.

Wherein, the latch pin may be a cylinder pin, an arm pin, or the like.

In this technical solution, the setting of the inner core tube of the oil cylinder is canceled, the structure of the oil cylinder is simplified, and the cost is reduced, and the oil source for the action of the bolt is taken from the pressure oil source of the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the telescopic oil cylinder 1, and the control is simple , high reliability.

In a specific embodiment, the bolt includes the cylinder pin of the telescopic oil cylinder 1 and the arm pin of the telescopic arm, and the bolt reversing valve 5 includes a cylinder pin reversing valve 51 and an arm pin reversing valve 52, wherein: the cylinder pin reversing valve 51 is arranged on the oil circuit between the cylinder pin driving cylinder 61 and the first accumulator 2, and is used to control the reversing of the cylinder pin driving cylinder 61 to control the insertion and extraction of the cylinder pin; the arm pin reversing valve 52 is arranged on the arm pin The oil circuit between the drive cylinder 62 and the first accumulator 2 is used to control the reversing of the arm pin drive cylinder 62 to control the insertion and withdrawal of the arm pin.

In this technical solution, the cylinder pin and the arm pin driving oil cylinder are arranged in parallel, the principle is simple, and the purpose of using one control system to control the arm pin and the cylinder pin is realized.

Further, a first reversing valve 8 is also provided on the oil passage between the first accumulator 2 and the pin reversing valve 5 for on and off of the oil passage. Wherein, the first reversing valve 8 can be a two-position three-way reversing valve, and the function of the reversing valve can be realized by using a two-position three-way reversing valve, and the structure is the simplest.

In this technical solution, by setting the first reversing valve 8, it can be used as a master switch for plugging and unplugging the cylinder pin and the arm pin, and there will be no safety risk when the cylinder pin reversing valve 51 or the arm pin reversing valve 52 fails. , improve the reliability of the control system.

Still further, the hydraulic control system further includes a second accumulator 11 connected to the oil return port of the plug reversing valve 5 . In this technical solution, when it is difficult to align the pin hole of the cylinder pin or the arm pin, the second accumulator 7 is used to push the cylinder pin or the arm pin with a small force, so that the oil cylinder or the boom is trying to align the pin while moving. hole, improving efficiency.

In addition, the hydraulic control system further includes a third one-way valve 7 and a fourth one-way valve 10, and the second accumulator is connected to the telescopic cylinder 1 through the third one-way valve 7 and the fourth one-way valve 10 respectively. The rod chamber and the rodless chamber enable the pressure oil in the second accumulator 11 to flow into the telescopic cylinder 1 in one direction. In this technical solution, the second accumulator 11 can be used to maintain the pressure of the telescopic oil cylinder 1, which improves the reliability of the system.

It is also possible to connect the second accumulator 11 to the first reversing valve 8, for example, by using the connection method shown in the figure. When the first accumulator 2 communicates with the pin reversing valve 5, the second accumulator 1 It is disconnected from the plug reversing valve 5, and when the second accumulator 11 communicates with the plug reversing valve 5, the first accumulator 2 is disconnected from the plug reversing valve 5. In this technical solution, the high-pressure oil in the oil passage a from the first reversing valve to the plug reversing valve 6 can be sent to the second accumulator 7 when the plug does not operate, reducing the oil in the oil passage a. pressure, avoiding the safety hazard caused by the high pressure in the oil circuit a all the time, and improving the reliability of the system.

Preferably, the hydraulic control system further includes: a first overflow valve 15 arranged on the oil path between the rodless chamber of the telescopic oil cylinder 1 and the oil tank 14; a second overflow valve 16 arranged at the end of the telescopic oil cylinder 1 There is an oil road between the rod chamber and the oil tank 14. In this technical solution, the first relief valve 15 and the second relief valve 16 can avoid excessive pressure in the rod chamber or the rodless chamber of the telescopic oil cylinder 1, thereby improving the reliability of the system.

Specifically, the hydraulic control system further includes: a first hydraulic lock 91 arranged on the oil circuit between the cylinder pin drive cylinder 61 and the cylinder pin reversing valve 51; and/or a second hydraulic lock 92 arranged on the The arm pin drives the oil cylinder 62 and the oil path between the arm pin reversing valve 52 . In this technical solution, the hydraulic lock can be used to maintain the static state of the cylinder pin and the arm pin when the cylinder pin and the arm pin are not in use.

In a specific implementation, each reversing valve is an electromagnetic reversing valve. Electromagnetic reversing valve is adopted, the control is simple, and it is easy to realize automatic control.

The present invention also provides a construction machine, including the hydraulic control system described in any one of the above technical solutions. For example, the engineering machinery can be a crane, and the telescopic boom is the boom of the crane. The crane also includes a pressure oil source and a second reversing valve 13, and the second reversing valve 13 is arranged between the pressure oil source and the telescopic oil cylinder 1. On the oil road, it is used to control the expansion and contraction of the telescopic oil cylinder 1.

Further, the crane also includes a balance valve 17 which is arranged on the oil circuit between the second reversing valve 13 and the telescopic oil cylinder 1 . In this technical solution, the balance valve 13 can maintain the telescopic oil cylinder 1 in a static state when the telescopic oil cylinder 1 is not working.

As a preferred embodiment, the second reversing valve 13 is a hydraulic pilot control valve, which has a larger flow rate and can withstand greater pressure, so that the telescopic arm of the crane can adapt to heavier working conditions.

Based on the above-mentioned technical scheme, the principle of the hydraulic control system in the present invention is as follows:

Through the present invention, the telescopic oil cylinder 1 can cancel the inner core tube of the oil cylinder, and the first accumulator 2 and the second accumulator 11 are respectively used as the pressure source and the oil return chamber when the cylinder arm pin is inserted and pulled out, and when the telescopic arm moves , the high-pressure accumulator 2 is charged through the pressure of the high-pressure chamber, and at the same time, the second accumulator 11 is depressurized because the low-pressure chamber is directly connected to the oil return;

It is also possible to cancel the pin cylinder spring. When the pin of the cylinder arm needs to be plugged and pulled out, the pressure provided by the first accumulator 2 is used to operate through the control of the reversing valve. At the same time, the return oil enters the second accumulator 11. 1 When operating again, the first accumulator 2 is charged again, and the second accumulator 11 is depressurized to complete a working cycle;

When the telescopic oil cylinder does not operate for a long time, the first accumulator 2 is easy to release the pressure. At this time, if it is necessary to directly insert and pull out the cylinder arm pin, the telescopic oil cylinder 1 can be slightly moved before the insertion and removal, and the high-pressure accumulator 2 Perform a rebuild.

When the control system is working, the electrification of each reversing valve and the insertion and removal of cylinder pins and arm pins are shown in Table 1:

DT1 DT2 DT4 DT5 DT6 DT7 DT8 Cylinder pin - - - - - + + Cylinder pin - - - - + - + Arm pin - - - + - - + Arm pin - - + - - - + outstretched arm + - - - - - - retract arm - + - - - - -

Table 1

Specifically, take the insertion and removal of cylinder pins as an example:

When DT1 or DT2 is energized, the telescopic cylinder 1 moves and can charge the first accumulator 2 at the same time. At this time, DT8 is always powered off, that is, neither the cylinder pin nor the arm pin moves;

When it is necessary to insert the cylinder pin, it can be seen from Table 1 that DT7 and DT8 are powered on, the cylinder pin reversing valve 51 is reversed, and the first accumulator 1 sends high-pressure oil into the rodless cavity of the cylinder pin driving cylinder 61 to realize the pin insertion. action;

When the cylinder pin needs to be pulled out, it can be seen from Table 1 that DT6 and DT8 are energized, the cylinder pin reversing valve 51 is reversed, and the first accumulator 1 sends high-pressure oil into the rod chamber of the cylinder pin driving cylinder 61 to realize pulling out. pin action;

When DT3~DT8 are not powered on, both the cylinder pin drive cylinder and the arm pin drive cylinder are connected to the second accumulator 11, so that the second accumulator 7 can be used when the pin holes of the cylinder pin or arm pin are difficult to align. The smaller force pushes the cylinder pin or the arm pin, so that the cylinder or the arm frame moves while trying to align the pin hole, which improves the efficiency.

The principle of inserting and pulling out the arm pin is exactly the same as that of the cylinder pin, and will not be repeated here.

In summary, through the present invention, the core tube is eliminated, the structure of the telescopic oil cylinder is simplified, and the cost is reduced; the return spring of the cylinder pin and the arm pin is eliminated, the structure is simple, the failure rate is low, and the reliability of the system is improved; The pressure oil source of the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the telescopic oil cylinder is used as the action oil source of the cylinder pin and the arm pin, and the control is simple.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. A hydraulic control system for bolts, which is used to control the insertion and removal of bolts in telescopic booms, the telescopic booms include telescopic booms and telescopic oil cylinders (1), characterized in that the hydraulic control system includes the first An accumulator (2), a first one-way valve (3), a second one-way valve (4), a pin driving cylinder (6) and a pin reversing valve (5), wherein: The first accumulator (2) is connected to the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the telescopic cylinder (1) through the first one-way valve (3) and the second one-way valve (4), When the telescopic oil cylinder (1) operates, it can charge the first accumulator (2); The pin reversing valve (5) is arranged on the oil circuit between the pin driving cylinder (6) and the first accumulator (2), and is used to control the pin driving cylinder (6) to reversing, To control the insertion and extraction of the plug. 2. The hydraulic control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the pin includes the cylinder pin of the telescopic oil cylinder (1) and the arm pin of the telescopic arm, and the pin reversing valve (5) includes Cylinder pin reversing valve (51) and arm pin reversing valve (52), where: The cylinder pin reversing valve (51) is arranged on the oil circuit between the cylinder pin driving cylinder (61) and the first accumulator (2), and is used to control the cylinder pin driving cylinder (61) to change direction , to control the insertion and extraction of the cylinder pin; The arm pin reversing valve (52) is arranged on the oil path between the arm pin driving cylinder (62) and the first accumulator (2), and is used to control the arm pin driving oil cylinder (62) Reversing, to control the insertion and extraction of the arm pin. 3. The hydraulic control system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a second accumulator is provided on the oil passage between the first accumulator (2) and the plug reversing valve (5). A reversing valve (8) is used for on-off of the oil circuit. 4. The hydraulic control system according to claim 3, characterized in that the first reversing valve (8) is a two-position three-way reversing valve. 5. The hydraulic control system according to claim 1, further comprising a second accumulator (11) connected to the oil return port of the plug reversing valve (5). 6. The hydraulic control system according to claim 1, further comprising a second accumulator (11), a third check valve (7) and a fourth check valve (10), the second The accumulator is respectively connected to the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the telescopic cylinder (1) through the third one-way valve (7) and the fourth one-way valve (10), so that the second accumulator The pressure oil in the energy device (11) can flow into the telescopic oil cylinder (1) in one direction. 7. The hydraulic control system according to claim 6, characterized in that, the second accumulator (11) is also connected to the oil return port of the plug reversing valve (5). 8. The hydraulic control system according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that, the second accumulator (11) is also connected to the first reversing valve (8), when the first accumulator When the device (2) communicates with the pin reversing valve (5), the second accumulator (1) is disconnected from the pin reversing valve (5), when the second accumulator (11) is connected to the When the pin reversing valve (5) is connected, the first accumulator (2) is disconnected from the pin reversing valve (5). 9. The hydraulic control system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: The first overflow valve (15) is arranged on the oil path between the rodless cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder (1) and the oil tank (14); The second overflow valve (16) is arranged on the oil passage between the rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder (1) and the oil tank (14). 10. The hydraulic control system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: The first hydraulic lock (91) is arranged on the oil circuit between the cylinder pin drive cylinder (61) and the cylinder pin reversing valve (51); and/or, The second hydraulic lock (92) is arranged on the oil circuit between the arm pin drive cylinder (62) and the arm pin reversing valve (52). 11. An engineering machine, characterized by comprising the telescopic boom and the hydraulic control system of the bolt according to any one of claims 1 to 10. 12. The construction machine according to claim 11, characterized in that, the construction machine is a crane, the telescopic boom is the boom of the crane, and the crane also includes a pressure oil source and a second oil changer. A directional valve (13), the second directional valve (13) is arranged on the oil path between the pressure oil source and the telescopic oil cylinder (1), and is used to control the expansion and contraction of the telescopic oil cylinder (1). 13. The construction machine according to claim 12, characterized in that it further comprises a balance valve (17), which is arranged on the oil passage between the second reversing valve (13) and the telescopic oil cylinder (1).

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