CN102677044B - Method of forming laser cladding layer on surface of upright post of hydraulic bracket - Google Patents
Method of forming laser cladding layer on surface of upright post of hydraulic bracket Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method of forming a laser cladding layer on the surface of an upright post of a hydraulic bracket. The method comprises the following steps of: step a). smelting a part of widths of (n-1)th laser cladding belt and laser cladding alloy powder used for forming the nth laser cladding belt through a laser beam to form the nth laser cladding belt, wherein n is an integer larger than or equal to 2; and step b). smelting a part of widths of the nth laser cladding belt and the laser cladding alloy powder used for forming (n+1)th laser cladding belt through the laser beam to form the (n+1)th laser cladding belt. The method provided by the invention can not only efficiently perform cladding, but also obtain a cladding surface with high strength.
Description
Technical field
The surface that the present invention relates to a kind of column at hydraulic support forms the method for laser cladding layer, belongs to laser processing and manufactures field.
Background technology
Hydraulic support column is the key part in mining equipment, at home, conventionally adopts the aspect of chromium plating to carry out surface treatment for hydraulic support column, thereby prevents getting rusty and protection against corrosion of surface.But the wear resistance of chromium coating is poor, generally, through after 1～1.5 year, chromium coating just there will be the phenomenon such as peeling and decortication, and therefore, emulsion will corrode column surface, thereby can have influence on the result of use of hydraulic support.
Notification number is the laser cladding method that the Chinese patent of CN101875128B discloses a kind of mine hydraulic support column, it carrys out three layers of metallurgical material of cladding by specific laser melting and coating process condition, thereby solve the wear resistance on mine hydraulic support column surface, the problem of non-corrosibility, improved work-ing life.Concrete technical scheme is after mine hydraulic support column is carried out to surface treatment, to carry out preheating, then under specific processing condition, with cladding alloy powder material successively plating bottom, middle level and surface layer.Wherein, the C that the cladding that bottom is selected is 0.1% with the weight percent of alloy powder material, 3.2% Si, 0.5% Mn, 10.2% Cr, 8.8% Ni, 0.8% Nb, 0.1% B, 0.5% P and the Fe of surplus.
Notification number is that the Chinese patent application of CN102242361 discloses a kind of laser cladding method for mine hydraulic support column, the steps include: to make the Co-based alloy powder a fluid stream of laser beam and powder feeder output to form spirrillum scanning along the surface of the post alive of column body; The cross section of the laser beam of laser head output is set to the rectangular light spot of 15～20mm × 1.5～2.5mm, and the sweep trace speed of laser beam is set to 480～720mm/min, and the output rating of the laser apparatus of outgoing laser beam is set to 7200～7400W.The Co-based alloy powder of exporting in powder feeder is set to contain by weight≤0.15%C, 0.5～1.0%Si, 0.4～0.8%Mn, 17.5～19.5%Cr, 21～25%Ni and surplus Fe.
For the laser cladding method of above-mentioned mine hydraulic support column, although be described in the details of laser cladding method by the formula of powdered alloy and the roughly process of laser cladding method for laser melting coating, still there is the refinement of needs part.For example, in laser cladding process, how to realize and can either carry out cladding, can obtain again the cladding surface that intensity is higher.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the surface that the invention provides a kind of column at hydraulic support forms the method for laser cladding layer, and the method can either be carried out cladding, can obtain again the cladding surface that intensity is higher.
Particularly, technical scheme provided by the present invention is as follows:
Technical scheme 1.
A method that forms laser cladding layer on the surface of the column of hydraulic support, comprises the following steps:
Step is a): melt a part of width of n-1 bar of laser melting coating band and be used to form the laser melting coating powdered alloy of n bar of laser melting coating band with laser beam, form n bar of laser melting coating band, wherein, n is more than or equal to 2 integer;
Step is b): melt a part of width of n bar of laser melting coating band and be used to form the laser melting coating powdered alloy of n+1 bar of laser melting coating band with laser beam, form n+1 bar of laser melting coating band.
Technical scheme 2.
According to the method for the formation laser cladding layer described in technical scheme 1, it changes part and is, a) also comprises before the step that forms n-1 bar of laser melting coating band in step,
In the time of n=2, the step of n-1 bar of laser melting coating band of described formation is specially, and is used to form the laser melting coating powdered alloy of n-1 bar of laser melting coating band with laser beam fusing;
In the time that n is greater than 2, the step of n-1 bar of laser melting coating band of described formation is specially, melt a part of width of n-2 bar of laser melting coating band and be used to form the laser melting coating powdered alloy of n-1 bar of laser melting coating band with laser beam, form n-1 bar of laser melting coating band.
Technical scheme 3.
According to the method for the formation laser cladding layer described in technical scheme 1 or 2, its change part be,
The feed speed of the described laser melting coating powdered alloy that is used to form n bar of laser melting coating band is 38～40g/min, described in be used to form the laser melting coating powdered alloy of n bar of laser melting coating band diameter be 44～178 μ m;
Described laser beam is rectangular light spot, and the length of described rectangular light spot is 15mm, the width 2.5mm of described rectangular light spot, and the sweep trace speed of described laser beam is 480～720mm/min, the scanning direction of described laser beam is perpendicular to the length direction of described rectangular light spot.
Technical scheme 4.
According to the method for the formation laser cladding layer described in technical scheme 3, its change part be, the energy density of described laser beam is 230W/mm
2above.
Technical scheme 5.
According to the method for the formation laser cladding layer described in technical scheme 4, its change part be, the energy density of described laser beam is 240W/mm
2above.
Technical scheme 6.
According to the method for the formation laser cladding layer described in technical scheme 3, its change part be,
A part of width of described n-1 bar of laser melting coating band is 6～8mm.
Technical scheme 7.
According to the method for the formation laser cladding layer described in technical scheme 6, its change part be,
A part of width of described n-1 bar of laser melting coating band is 7mm.
Technical scheme 8.
According to the method for the formation laser cladding layer described in any one in technical scheme 1～7, its change part be,
Consisting of of the described laser melting coating powdered alloy that is used to form n-1 bar of laser melting coating band:
0.01～0.15% C,
0.5%～1.0% Si,
0.4%～0.8% Mn,
17.5%～19.5% Cr,
21%～25% Ni,
The Fe of surplus and inevitably impurity;
Wherein, the content of the above various elements content that is weight percentage.
Technical scheme 9.
According to the method for the formation laser cladding layer described in any one in technical scheme 1～7, its change part be,
Consisting of of the described laser melting coating powdered alloy that is used to form n bar of laser melting coating band:
0.05～0.20% C,
1.0%～1.5% Si,
0.4%～0.8% Mn,
15.0%～15.8% Cr,
4.0%～4.5% Ni,
The Fe of surplus and inevitably impurity;
Wherein, the content of the above various elements content that is weight percentage.
Technical scheme 10.
A method that forms laser cladding layer on the surface of the column of hydraulic support, is characterized in that, repeat described step in technical scheme 1～9 any one a) or step b).
According to above-mentioned technical scheme 1～2, can either carry out efficiently cladding, can obtain again the cladding surface that intensity is higher.
According to above-mentioned technical scheme 3～5, due to laser melting coating is limited by the performance index of powdered alloy and laser beam, can realize well the method for above-mentioned formation laser cladding layer.
According to above-mentioned technical scheme 6～7, in the time that a part of width of the laser melting coating band of cladding is 6～8mm, the intensity of acquisition is higher, and in follow-up grinding process, the volume of the laser melting coating band being ground is little, can save material.Wherein, when a part of width of the laser melting coating band of cladding is that 7mm is most preferred scheme.
The column of the hydraulic support obtaining according to the method for above-mentioned technical scheme 8, because the composition of laser cladding layer has adopted specific composition, so can obtain bonding strength and the salt spray resistance of good surface hardness, work-ing life, cladding layer and metallic matrix.More than the hardness of the column cladding layer of this hydraulic support can reach 30HRC, in mine, be more than 5 years work-ing life, and more than the bonding strength of cladding layer and column matrix can reach 310MPa, salt spray resistance is more than 96 hours unchanged.
The column of the hydraulic support obtaining according to the method for above-mentioned technical scheme 9, on the one hand, it can meet the various performances of the column of the hydraulic support obtaining according to the method for technical scheme 8, for example, in mine, be more than 5 years work-ing life, more than the bonding strength of cladding layer and column matrix can reach 310MPa, salt spray resistance is more than 96 hours unchanged.In addition, more than its hardness can reach 45HRC.And, because Ni content is lower, so cost is lower.
The meaning of above-mentioned technical scheme 10 refers to, at random the step in repeat techniques scheme 1～9 a) or step b), just can realize technical conceive of the present invention, can either carry out efficiently cladding, can obtain again the cladding surface that intensity is higher.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the cross section of the column of the hydraulic support with laser cladding layer of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the vertical section of the column of the hydraulic support with laser cladding layer of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that forms laser cladding layer on the surface of the column of hydraulic support.
Fig. 4 is launched into by the side surface of the column of hydraulic support the orthographic plan that plane obtains along the central shaft of the column of the hydraulic support in Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 a is a) schematic diagram of step that the surface of the column at hydraulic support of the present invention forms the first embodiment of the method for laser cladding layer.
Fig. 5 b is the b) schematic diagram of step that the surface of the column at hydraulic support of the present invention forms the first embodiment of the method for laser cladding layer.
Fig. 6 be with Fig. 3 and the corresponding method implementation process of the present invention of Fig. 4 in the longitudinal section of column of hydraulic support.
Fig. 7 a is and the longitudinal section of the column of the corresponding hydraulic support of Fig. 5 a.
Fig. 7 b is and the longitudinal section of the column of the corresponding hydraulic support of Fig. 5 b.
Fig. 8 is the longitudinal section of the column of the hydraulic support after laser melting coating
Label in figure represents respectively:
1---do not carry out the column of the hydraulic support of laser melting coating, 2---laser cladding layer, 3---do not carry out the side surface of the column of the hydraulic support of laser melting coating, 4---n bar of laser melting coating band, 5---n-1 bar of laser melting coating band, 6---n+1 bar of laser melting coating band.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art can more be well understood to technical scheme of the present invention, be elaborated below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.
The first embodiment
First the one-piece construction of the column of hydraulic support is described by accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 represents the schematic diagram of the cross section of the column of the hydraulic support with laser cladding layer.Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram with the vertical section of the column of the hydraulic support of laser cladding layer.Can find out, the column with the hydraulic support of laser cladding layer comprises column 1 and the laser cladding layer 2 of the hydraulic support that does not carry out laser melting coating.
Continue to illustrate by reference to the accompanying drawings that the forming process of the column of hydraulic support namely forms the method for laser cladding layer on the surface of the column of hydraulic support below.
Refer to Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that forms laser cladding layer on the surface of the column of hydraulic support.Laser beam irradiates the surface 3 of the column of the hydraulic support that does not carry out laser melting coating from top to down, forms n bar of laser melting coating band 4.In the process of this laser radiation, can say, drop to the surface 3 of column of hydraulic support with powdered alloy at laser melting coating in, will be melted by the energy of laser beam soon, form n bar of laser melting coating band 4.
If the side surface of the column of hydraulic support 3 is launched into plane by the central shaft along the column of hydraulic support, the situation shown in Fig. 4 will be obtained.Fig. 4 is launched into by the side surface of the column of hydraulic support the orthographic plan that plane obtains along the central shaft of the column of the hydraulic support in Fig. 3.In Fig. 4, laser beam is also not shown, and the direction of laser beam is perpendicular to the direction of paper sensing paper the inside.
Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b are the schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the method for the surface formation laser cladding layer of the column at hydraulic support of the present invention.
Step a)
As shown in Figure 5 a, melt a part of width of n-1 bar of laser melting coating band 5 and be used to form the laser melting coating powdered alloy of n bar of laser melting coating band 4 with laser beam, form n bar of laser melting coating band 4;
Step b)
As shown in Figure 5 b, melt a part of width of n bar of laser melting coating band 4 and be used to form the laser melting coating powdered alloy of n+1 bar of laser melting coating band 6 with laser beam, form n+1 bar of laser melting coating band 6.
Step a) and step b) in, a part of width of described n-1 bar of laser melting coating band 5 and a part of width of n bar of laser melting coating band 4, size can equate also can be unequal, preferably equate, because if a part of width of the laser melting coating band melting in each step equates, technique is stable so, and the material obtaining is uniformly, is conducive to follow-up mechanical workout.Because if width is equal, the thickness of mechanical workout is uniformly so, can save the usage quantity of laser melting coating powdered alloy, thereby cost-saving.In this first embodiment, a part of width of described n-1 bar of laser melting coating band 5 and a part of width of n bar of laser melting coating band 4 are 7mm.
In the first embodiment, step a) and the bearing of trend of the n-1 bar laser melting coating band 5 of step in b), n bar laser melting coating band 4, n+1 bar laser melting coating band 6 perpendicular to hydraulic support column axially.
For technical scheme of the present invention is described better, below in conjunction with the change state of the longitudinal section of the column of the hydraulic support in method implementation process of the present invention, technical scheme of the present invention is described.
Refer to Fig. 6, Fig. 6 be with Fig. 3 and the corresponding method implementation process of the present invention of Fig. 4 in the longitudinal section of column of hydraulic support.
Laser beam irradiation is used to form the laser melting coating powdered alloy of n bar of laser melting coating band, forms n bar of laser melting coating band.
Refer to Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 a is and the longitudinal section of the column of the corresponding hydraulic support of Fig. 5 a.Wherein, in the process of n bar of laser melting coating band 4 of formation, not only irradiate and melt the laser melting coating powdered alloy that is used to form n bar of laser melting coating band 4 of new whereabouts, but also the part of irradiating and melting n-1 bar of laser melting coating band 5 of moulding, the namely solid black part shown in figure.In figure, the width of solid black part is exactly a part of width of above-mentioned n-1 bar of laser melting coating band 5.In melting process, the energy of laser beam makes above-mentioned solid black partial melting, in the time of solid black partial melting, its temperature is higher, can play again the effect of the cladding band annealing of the moulding except solid black part to n-1 bar of laser melting coating band 5, improve the mechanical property of the cladding band of the moulding except solid black part of n-1 bar of laser melting coating band 5.And n bar of laser melting coating band 4 also can be in follow-up process, also can again be heated and be annealed.So repeatedly just can reach the anneal for whole cladding layer, improve the mechanical property as the cladding layer of upper layer.
Refer to Fig. 7 b, Fig. 7 b is and the longitudinal section of the column of the corresponding hydraulic support of Fig. 5 b.
After repeatedly carrying out above-mentioned steps, the longitudinal section of the column of the hydraulic support after cladding as shown in Figure 8.
The raised areas in Fig. 8 is polished, just can obtain the column as the hydraulic support with laser cladding layer of final finished.Preferably, grind off the region more than top of solid area, can maximally utilise like this laser cladding layer.
In the first embodiment, the present invention adopts, the mine hydraulic support column that newly the new giant dragon limited energy of river in Shangdong Province Mining Group company is used, and diameter is 300mm.
Laser melting coating flow process is as follows:
(1) mine hydraulic support column is eliminated rust, texturing processing.
(2) pack laser process machine into, this laser process machine is CO2 laser processing machine tool.
(3) main shaft C rotatablely move and under the feeding movement of laser head x-ray axle coordinates, in a work step, powder feeding is synchronizeed and is carried out with laser melting coating; Laser output power 7400W, laser scanning linear velocity is 480mm/min, the rectangular light spot (long is 15mm, and wide is 2.5mm) that laser beam is 15*2.5mm; The mode that scans cladding is carried out cladding, and wherein, the forming process of laser melting coating band is described above;
The laser melting coating powdered alloy adopting, particle diameter is 44 μ m～178 μ m.。Said composition comprise 0.02% C, 1.5% Si, 0.4% Mn, 15.8% Cr, 4.0% Ni, the Fe of surplus and inevitably impurity.This laser melting coating is 38～40g/min with the powder feed rate of alloy.
(4) carry out mechanical workout.
Carry out experimental test for the column obtaining, respectively as follows to performance index:
(1) flawless.
(2) more than cladding layer hardness can reach 45HRC, in mine, be more than 5 years work-ing life, and more than the bonding strength of cladding layer and column matrix can reach 310MPa, salt spray resistance is more than 96 hours unchanged.
About work-ing life, the column that cladding of the present invention has a cladding layer is the promoting the use of of the new new giant dragon limited energy of river in Shangdong Province Mining Group company, respond well, uses 4 years at the face of adopting at present, does not occur any quality problems.
More than why can reaching 310MPa about the bonding strength of cladding layer and column matrix, be because, in laser cladding process, not only laser melting coating alloy melting, and column matrix also melts, therefore laser melting coating has formed one with alloy and column matrix, so the bonding strength between them is very high.
About salt spray resistance test, employing be CNS GB/T10125-1997, test the aqueous solution that medicine used is sodium-chlor, concentration is 50g/L ± 5g/L, PH is 6.5～7.2, temperature is 35 DEG C ± 2 DEG C.
Because the Ni content in the present embodiment is not high, so cost is lower.
The second embodiment
Except above the first embodiment, the present invention also provides the second embodiment, the difference of the second embodiment and the first embodiment is, the bearing of trend of n-1 bar of laser melting coating band 5, n bar laser melting coating band 4, n+1 bar laser melting coating band 6 and be not orthogonal to hydraulic support column axially, but around the spiral form of outside surface of hydraulic support column.
The third embodiment
Except above the first embodiment, the present invention also provides the third embodiment, the difference of the third embodiment and the first embodiment is, the laser melting coating adopting comprises 0.08% C with powdered alloy, 0.9% Si, 0.6% Mn, 18.5% Cr, 23% Ni, the Fe of surplus and inevitably impurity.In this embodiment, owing to containing more Ni, so cost is higher, and Rockwell hardness only has more than 30.So the effect of the third embodiment is not as the first embodiment.
The 4th kind of laser melting coating mode
Except above the first embodiment, the present invention also provides the 4th kind of embodiment, the difference of the 4th kind of embodiment and the first embodiment is, a part of width of described n-1 bar of laser melting coating band 5 and a part of width of n bar of laser melting coating band 4 are 6mm.
The 5th kind of laser melting coating mode
Except above the first embodiment, the present invention also provides the 5th kind of embodiment, the difference of the 5th kind of embodiment and the first embodiment is, a part of width of described n-1 bar of laser melting coating band 5 and a part of width of n bar of laser melting coating band 4 are 8mm.
The surface that experiment showed, the column of the hydraulic support that the first embodiment and the second embodiment obtain has better mechanical property.Wherein, in the second embodiment, adopt and be roughly spiral helicine cladding mode, so technique continuity is more excellent, mechanical property is also excellent.
Claims (7)
1. a method that forms laser cladding layer on the surface of the column of hydraulic support, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step a): melt a part of width of n-1 bar of laser melting coating band and be used to form the laser melting coating powdered alloy of n bar of laser melting coating band with laser beam, form n bar of laser melting coating band, wherein, n is more than or equal to 2 integer;
Step b): melt a part of width of n bar of laser melting coating band and be used to form the laser melting coating powdered alloy of n+1 bar of laser melting coating band with laser beam, form n+1 bar of laser melting coating band;
Wherein, described in, be used to form the consisting of of laser melting coating powdered alloy of n-1 bar of laser melting coating band:
0.05 ~ 0.20% C,
1.0% ~ 1.5% Si,
0.4% ~ 0.8% Mn,
15.0% ~ 15.8% Cr,
4.0% ~ 4.5% Ni,
The Fe of surplus and inevitably impurity;
Wherein, the content of the above various elements content that is weight percentage.
2. the method for formation laser cladding layer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the step that forms n-1 bar of laser melting coating band before step a),
In the time of n=2, the step of n-1 bar of laser melting coating band of described formation is specially, and is used to form the laser melting coating powdered alloy of n-1 bar of laser melting coating band with laser beam fusing;
In the time that n is greater than 2, the step of n-1 bar of laser melting coating band of described formation is specially, melt a part of width of n-2 bar of laser melting coating band and be used to form the laser melting coating powdered alloy of n-1 bar of laser melting coating band with laser beam, form n-1 bar of laser melting coating band.
3. the method for formation laser cladding layer according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
The feed speed of the described laser melting coating powdered alloy that is used to form n bar of laser melting coating band is 38 ~ 40g/min, described in be used to form the laser melting coating powdered alloy of n bar of laser melting coating band diameter be 44 ~ 178 μ m;
Described laser beam is rectangular light spot, the length of described rectangular light spot is 15 mm, width 2.5 mm of described rectangular light spot, the sweep trace speed of described laser beam is 480 ~ 720 mm/min, the scanning direction of described laser beam is perpendicular to the length direction of described rectangular light spot.
4. the method for formation laser cladding layer according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the energy density of described laser beam is 230 W/mm
2above.
5. the method for formation laser cladding layer according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the energy density of described laser beam is 240 W/mm
2above.
6. the method for formation laser cladding layer according to claim 3, is characterized in that,
A part of width of described n-1 bar of laser melting coating band is 6 ~ 8 mm.
7. the method for formation laser cladding layer according to claim 6, is characterized in that,
A part of width of described n-1 bar of laser melting coating band is 7 mm.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102677045B (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2014-10-01 | 山东能源机械集团大族再制造有限公司 | A laser cladding method |
| CN105132916B (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2018-01-02 | 西华大学 | A kind of alloy powder of train axle laser melting coating reparation and preparation method thereof |
| CN105349993B (en) * | 2015-11-15 | 2018-04-13 | 山东能源重型装备制造集团有限责任公司 | A kind of cladding method of column endoporus |
| CN105297007B (en) * | 2015-11-15 | 2018-06-01 | 山东能源重型装备制造集团有限责任公司 | A kind of cladding method of column endoporus |
| CN106756988A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-05-31 | 甘肃兰煤机械制造有限公司 | The method for strengthening repairing mine mechanical surface using optical-fiber laser |
| CN106636892B (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2018-04-10 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of micro-nano composite powder for being exclusively used in laser repairing stainless steel surfaces fine crack |
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| US6037287A (en) * | 1997-11-26 | 2000-03-14 | Praxair S.T. Technology, Inc. | Laser clad pot roll sleeves and bushings for galvanizing baths |
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