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CN102597524A - Heat pump device, two-stage compressor, and method of operating heat pump device - Google Patents

Heat pump device, two-stage compressor, and method of operating heat pump device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102597524A
CN102597524A CN2009801623172A CN200980162317A CN102597524A CN 102597524 A CN102597524 A CN 102597524A CN 2009801623172 A CN2009801623172 A CN 2009801623172A CN 200980162317 A CN200980162317 A CN 200980162317A CN 102597524 A CN102597524 A CN 102597524A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
mentioned
rudimentary
refrigeration agent
press part
load
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
CN2009801623172A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102597524B (en
Inventor
谷真男
深谷笃义
中河宽行
加藤太郎
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/06—Control using electricity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B25/00—Multi-stage pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/356—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the outer member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/001—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of similar working principle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/008—Hermetic pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C28/02—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids specially adapted for several pumps connected in series or in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C28/06—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids specially adapted for stopping, starting, idling or no-load operation
    • F04C28/065—Capacity control using a multiplicity of units or pumping capacities, e.g. multiple chambers, individually switchable or controllable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C28/28—Safety arrangements; Monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/80—Other components
    • F04C2240/806—Pipes for fluids; Fittings therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C28/24—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves
    • F04C28/26—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves using bypass channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0401—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the compressor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)

Abstract

A two-stage compressor and a heat pump device using a two-stage compressor operate with improved efficiency when the load is low. A heat pump device is provided with a main refrigerant circuit formed by sequentially connecting by piping a two-stage compressor (100), a first heat exchanger, a first expansion mechanism, and a second heat exchanger. When the load is higher than a predetermined load, the two-stage compressor (100) discharges to a refrigerant circuit a refrigerant compressed in two stages by a low-stage compression section (10) and a high-stage compression section (30). When the load is lower than the predetermined load, the two-stage compressor (100) causes the refrigerant compressed by the low-stage compression section (10) to bypass the high-stage compression section (30) without the refrigerant being compressed by the high-stage compression section (30) and discharges the refrigerant to the main refrigerant circuit.

Description

The method of operation of heat pump system, compound compressor and heat pump system
Technical field
The present invention relates to make compound compressor that two press parts are connected in series and the heat pump system that uses compound compressor.
Background technique
In the compound compressor that rudimentary press part and advanced compression portion are connected in series, rudimentary press part will be compressed to authorized pressure (arrival pressure) from the refrigeration agent that heat pump cycle (heat pump cycle) sucks.This arrival pressure decides according to the setting of the compression chamber volume of the compression chamber volume of rudimentary press part and advanced compression portion.Advanced compression portion further compresses the refrigeration agent through rudimentary compressing section compresses.And, discharge to the inner space of seal container from advanced compression portion through advanced compression portion refrigerant compressed, discharge to heat pump circulating system from the inner space of seal container afterwards.
As above-mentioned, in compound compressor, decide the arrival pressure of rudimentary press part according to the setting of the compression chamber volume of the compression chamber volume of rudimentary press part and advanced compression portion.Therefore, according to the difference of the operating condition of heat pump circulating system, only become compression through rudimentary press part sometimes and just be compressed to the overcompression state that press to the discharge that heat pump circulating system is discharged.When becoming the overcompression state, the compressed action futile effort of advanced compression portion is useless, the degradation in efficiency of compressor.At this, the overcompression state betides following situation easily, heats the less situation of load such as situation of running when externally air temperature is high that is:.That is, the overcompression state is the main cause that causes that the efficient under the less situation of load reduces.
In patent documentation 1, relevant for the record of compound compressor, this compound compressor comprises bypass, and this bypass makes access be connected with the space of the discharge side of advanced compression portion, and this access is used to make refrigeration agent to flow to advanced compression portion from rudimentary press part.In this compound compressor, when becoming the overcompression state, the refrigerant bypass advanced compression portion in the access is flowed to the space of the discharge side of advanced compression portion.Thus, can seek to improve the efficient when becoming the overcompression state.
In patent documentation 2, relevant for the record of heat pump system, this heat pump system comprises and is used for making the releasing mechanism that returns to the suction side of rudimentary press part through the part of refrigerant of the refrigeration agent of rudimentary compressing section compresses.In this heat pump system, when load is low, separating mechanism is moved, can seek to improve the efficient of the compressor when load is low thus.
Patent documentation 1: japanese kokai publication hei 5-133367 communique
Patent documentation 2: japanese kokai publication hei 2-11886 communique
In the compound compressor of patent documentation 1 record, the refrigeration agent of discharging from rudimentary press part is discharged to the space of the discharge side of advanced compression portion from bypass through after the long and narrow access.Refrigeration agent can produce the pressure loss through long and narrow access.Therefore, for avoiding temporary transient overcompression state, have effect, but the effect that the overcompression loss when making steady running reduces is little.
Particularly, pressing in a load hour discharge is low pressure, so the specific volume of refrigerant gas is bigger, and volume flowrate is also bigger.Therefore, the pressure loss that is caused by the deficiency of flow path area is bigger.
In patent documentation 2 described heat pump systeies, through separating mechanism is moved the suction side of rudimentary press part and discharge side are directly linked, the part of refrigerant in the refrigeration agent of rudimentary compressing section compresses is returned to the suction side of rudimentary press part.But, when separating mechanism was moved, the compressed action more than a certain amount of also took place in rudimentary press part.And, refrigeration agent during through rudimentary press part refrigeration agent be heated, so-called preheating loss takes place.That is, refrigeration agent is being compressed the loss (preheating loss) that is heated before and takes place to cause thus by advanced compression portion.Therefore, the degree of the improved efficiency when load is low is less.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to, at compound compressor and use in the heat pump system of compound compressor, improve the efficient of load hour.
Heat pump system of the present invention is characterised in that to have the main refrigerant circuit of utilizing pipe arrangement to connect compressor, the 1st heat exchanger, the 1st expansion mechanism, the 2nd heat exchanger successively,
Above-mentioned compressor comprises:
Rudimentary press part, the refrigeration agent that its compression flows into;
Advanced compression portion, it further compresses the refrigeration agent through above-mentioned rudimentary compressing section compresses;
Bypass mechanism; When needs loads is higher than predefined the 1st load; This bypass mechanism makes through above-mentioned rudimentary press part and above-mentioned advanced compression portion refrigerant compressed and discharges to above-mentioned main refrigerant circuit; Above-mentioned when needing load to be lower than above-mentioned the 1st load; This bypass mechanism makes through the refrigeration agent of above-mentioned rudimentary compressing section compresses not by above-mentioned advanced compression portion's compression but bypass above-mentioned advanced compression portion and discharge to above-mentioned main refrigerant circuit, and the above-mentioned load that needs is that the temperature that refrigeration agent mobile in above-mentioned the 1st heat exchanger and in above-mentioned main refrigerant circuit carries out the fluid of heat exchange becomes the needed heat of set point of temperature.
The refrigeration agent that heat pump system of the present invention has made through rudimentary compressing section compresses when load is low is by the compression of advanced compression portion but bypass advanced compression portion, and discharges to main refrigerant circuit.Therefore, can be reduced in the overcompression loss that takes place when load hangs down.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the plan view of the compound compressor 100 of mode of execution 1.
Fig. 2 is the A-A ' sectional view among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is compression mechanical part 3 and compression mechanical part 3 enlarged view on every side among Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the B-B ' sectional view among Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the C-C ' sectional view among Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is the D-D ' sectional view among Fig. 2.
Fig. 7 is the E-E ' sectional view among Fig. 2.
Fig. 8 is the F-F ' sectional view among Fig. 2.
Fig. 9 is a routine figure of the loop structure of the heat pump system of expression with injections (injection) loop.
Figure 10 is the Mollier line chart of state of the refrigeration agent of heat pump system shown in Figure 9.
Figure 11 is the pie graph of the compound compressor 100 of mode of execution 2.
Figure 12 is the sectional view of compression mechanical part 3 parts of the compound compressor 100 of mode of execution 3.
Figure 13 is the explanatory drawing of the suffered power of low grade blade (vane) 13.
Figure 14 is the figure of the moment of torsion change of the common dual rotation type compressor of expression.
Figure 15 is the figure of the moment of torsion change of compound compressor 100 when turning round usually of expression mode of execution 1.
Figure 16 is the figure of the moment of torsion change of compound compressor 100 when (relief) running is alleviated in overcompression of expression mode of execution 1.
Figure 17 is the figure of the moment of torsion change of compound compressor 100 when senior side directly sucks running of expression mode of execution 2.
Embodiment
Mode of execution 1
In mode of execution 1, the compound compressor 100 of by-pass port with bypass advanced compression portion is described.
Fig. 1 is the plan view of the compound compressor 100 of mode of execution 1.
Fig. 2 is the A-A ' sectional view among Fig. 1.In addition, in Fig. 2,, show a-a ' section about middle connecting pipe 51 parts.
Fig. 3 is compression mechanical part 3 and compression mechanical part 3 enlarged view on every side among Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the B-B ' sectional view among Fig. 1.Fig. 5 is the C-C ' sectional view among Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is the D-D ' sectional view among Fig. 2.
Fig. 7 is the E-E ' sectional view among Fig. 2.
Fig. 8 is the F-F ' sectional view among Fig. 2.
The structure of compound compressor 100 at first, is described.
As shown in Figure 2, compound compressor 100 has in the inside of seal container 1: motor 2, and it has stator 2a and rotor 2b; Compression mechanical part 3, it comprises rudimentary press part 10 and advanced compression portion 30 totally two press parts; Bent axle 4.In addition, in the embedding of the top of seal container 1 discharge tube 5 is arranged.In addition, be formed with lubricant oil reservoir 6, and inclosure there is lubricant oil in the bottom of seal container 1.
In addition, compound compressor 100 has the silencing apparatus 7 of suction in the outside of seal container 1.Sucking the rudimentary press part 10 of silencing apparatus 7 through the interior compression mechanical part 3 of suction pipe 8 and seal container 1 is connected.
As shown in Figure 3, the rudimentary press part 10 of compression mechanical part 3 utilizes the intermediate clapboard 50 of the downside of the rudimentary framework (frame) 14 of the upside of rudimentary cylinder 11, inaccessible rudimentary cylinder 11, inaccessible rudimentary cylinder 11 to form rudimentary pressing chamber 15.In addition, rudimentary press part 10 comprises: rudimentary rotary-piston (rolling piston) 12, and it carries out the off-centre rotation in rudimentary pressing chamber 15; Low grade blade 13 (with reference to Fig. 7), it is divided into rudimentary pressing chamber 15 space, suction side and discharges the side space.In addition, on the rudimentary suction port 21 of rudimentary pressing chamber 15, be connected with suction pipe 8.
Likewise, advanced compression portion 30 utilizes the intermediate clapboard 50 of the upside of the high-level framework 34 of the downside of senior cylinder 31, inaccessible senior cylinder 31, inaccessible senior cylinder 31 to form the advanced compression chamber 35 of volumes less than rudimentary pressing chamber 15.Advanced compression portion 30 comprises: senior rotary-piston 32, and it carries out the off-centre rotation in advanced compression chamber 35; High grade blade 33 (with reference to Fig. 8), it is divided into space, suction side and compressed side space with advanced compression chamber 35.
That is, compound compressor 100 is rotary compound compressor.
In addition, the eccentric direction of rudimentary rotary-piston 12 and senior rotary-piston 32 about 180 degree (with reference to Fig. 7,8) that stagger.
In addition, compression mechanical part 3 comprises: rudimentary covering 19 (rudimentary discharge portion) forms rudimentary discharge space 20 between itself and rudimentary framework 14; Senior covering 39 (senior discharge portion) forms senior discharge space 40 between itself and high-level framework 34.And, being provided with the middle connecting pipe 51 that the senior suction port 41 with outlet 22 of the intermediate flow of rudimentary covering 19 and senior cylinder 31 couples together, rudimentary discharge space 20 is communicated with advanced compression chamber 35.
On rudimentary framework 14, be formed with the rudimentary exhaust port 16 that rudimentary pressing chamber 15 is communicated with rudimentary discharge space 20.On rudimentary exhaust port 16, be provided with the needle spring plate valve (with reference to Fig. 6) that utilizes rivet 28 that rudimentary expulsion valve 17 and rudimentary valve guard 18 are installed.Likewise, on high-level framework 34, be formed with the senior exhaust port 36 that advanced compression chamber 35 is communicated with senior discharge space 40.On senior exhaust port 36, be provided with the needle spring plate valve that utilizes rivet that senior expulsion valve 37 and senior valve guard 38 are installed.
In addition, on rudimentary covering 19, be provided with the by-pass port 23 that rudimentary discharge space 20 is communicated with the inner space of seal container 1, i.e. discharge pressure space 53.On by-pass port 23, be provided with the needle spring plate valve (with reference to Fig. 5) that utilizes rivet 29 that bypass valve 24 and bypass valve guard 25 are installed.They are called bypass mechanism.
In addition, also be provided with and discharge stream 52, this is discharged stream 52 and connects high-level framework 34, senior cylinder 31, intermediate clapboard 50, rudimentary cylinder 11, rudimentary framework 14, rudimentary covering 19, makes senior discharge space 40 and discharge press space 53 to be communicated with.
In addition, as shown in Figure 4, on rudimentary covering 19, be provided with sparger (injector) 60.On sparger 60, be connected with injection pipe (injection pipe) 61.
Next, the action of compound compressor 100 is described.
When supply capability, motor 2 work.Motor 2 utilizes bent axle 4 to be connected with compression mechanical part 3, and the power that is produced by motor 2 transmits to compression mechanical part 3 via bent axle 4.Particularly, when receiving the supply of electric power, the rotor 2b of motor 2 rotation.When rotor 2b was rotated, the bent axle 4 that is intercalated in rotor 2b also was rotated.And when bent axle 4 was rotated, intercalation had the rudimentary rotary-piston 12 of bent axle 4 and senior rotary-piston 32 to carry out the off-centre rotation in the inside of rudimentary pressing chamber 15 and advanced compression chamber 35 respectively.Rudimentary rotary-piston 12 carries out the off-centre rotation with senior rotary-piston 32, utilizes rudimentary press part 10 and advanced compression portion 30 compressed refrigerants thus.
Next, flowing of refrigeration agent in the compound compressor 100 is described.
At first, the refrigeration agent of low pressure flows into from the outside to sucking silencing apparatus 7.Flowing into the low pressure refrigerant that sucks silencing apparatus 7 sucks to rudimentary pressing chamber 15 via suction pipe 8.The low pressure refrigerant that is drawn into rudimentary pressing chamber 15 is compressed into middle the pressure in rudimentary pressing chamber 15.When in the middle of refrigeration agent is compressed into, pressing; Open through refrigeration agent in the rudimentary pressing chamber 15 and the rudimentary expulsion valve 17 of pressure official post between the refrigeration agent in the rudimentary discharge space 20, the refrigeration agent in the rudimentary pressing chamber 15 is discharged to rudimentary discharge space 20 from rudimentary exhaust port 16.At this, middle pressure is according to the volume of the suction chamber of rudimentary pressing chamber 15 and the pressure of the ratio decision of the volume of the suction chamber of advanced compression chamber 35.
The middle refrigeration agent of pressing that is discharged to rudimentary discharge space 20 sucks to advanced compression chamber 35 via middle connecting pipe 51.The middle compacting cryogen that is drawn into advanced compression chamber 35 is compressed into to discharge in advanced compression chamber 35 presses.When refrigeration agent is compressed into the discharge pressure; The senior expulsion valve 37 of pressure official post through between the refrigeration agent in refrigeration agent in the advanced compression chamber 35 and the senior discharge space 40 is opened, and the refrigeration agent in the advanced compression chamber 35 is discharged to senior discharge space 40 from senior exhaust port 36.
The refrigeration agent that is discharged to the discharge pressure in senior discharge space 40 presses space 53 to discharge via discharging stream 52 to the discharge of rudimentary press part 10 tops.Afterwards, being discharged to the refrigeration agent of discharging the discharge pressure of pressing space 53 discharges to the outside from discharge tube 5.
In addition, in the heat pump system with compound compressor 100, when the injection running was carried out, the ejector refrigeration agent was injected to rudimentary discharge space 20 via sparger 60 from injection pipe shown in Figure 4 61.The ejector refrigeration agent mixes in rudimentary discharge space 20 with the middle compacting cryogen of discharging from rudimentary pressing chamber 15, is compressed in advanced compression portion 30.
Situation in that the load of heat pump system 101 is little is inferior, has following situation: only utilize the compression of rudimentary press part 10 just to become the overcompression state of pressing of discharging that reaches.That is, have following situation: the centre of above-mentioned refrigeration agent presses to the pressure of the discharge pressure that is higher than needs.
In this case, open through the refrigeration agent in rudimentary discharge space 20 and the pressure official post bypass valve 24 of discharging between the refrigeration agent of pressing space 53, the refrigeration agent in the rudimentary discharge space 20 presses space 53 to discharge from by-pass port 23 to discharging.That is the refrigeration agent that, is discharged to rudimentary discharge space 20 from rudimentary press part 10 is not by 30 compressions of advanced compression portion but bypass advanced compression portion 30 and press space 53 to discharge to discharging.
Under the overcompression state, discharge pressure just only utilize the compression of rudimentary press part 10 to reach, so the compression futile effort of advanced compression portion 30 is useless, can cause degradation in efficiency if utilize advanced compression portion 30 to compress.But, in compound compressor 100, when becoming the overcompression state, discharge with the mode of bypass advanced compression portion 30 through rudimentary press part 10 refrigerant compressed.Therefore, the loss (overcompression loss) in the time of can suppressing the generation of overcompression state.
Particularly, by-pass port 23 is located at rudimentary covering 19.Therefore, discharge in the pressure of the discharge in seal container 1 space 53 without middle connecting pipe 51 ground to discharging the refrigeration agent of pressing space 53 to discharge from by-pass port 23.That is, can compression loss not take place through long and narrow middle connecting pipe 51 from by-pass port 23 to discharging the refrigeration agent of pressing space 53 to discharge, but press space 53 to discharge from by-pass port 23 to discharging.Therefore, when steady running, can suppress the overcompression loss effectively.
In addition, as above-mentioned, be formed with lubricant oil reservoir 6, and enclose lubricant oil is arranged at the downside of seal container 1.Lubricant oil is supplied to the mechanical part to compression mechanical part 3, and therefore being enclosed has the amount that is dipped into the press part (in Fig. 2, being rudimentary press part 10) that is configured in upside at least.
In general compound compressor, rudimentary press part is located at the downside of advanced compression portion.Therefore, rudimentary discharge space is located at the downside of rudimentary press part.That is, rudimentary covering is located at the downside of rudimentary press part.Therefore, rudimentary discharge covering becomes the state that is dipped in lubricant oil.In this case, have following situation: lubricant oil is immersed in rudimentary discharge space from by-pass port 23, perhaps, takes up lubricant oil during from by-pass port 23 discharging refrigerants, and lubricant oil is increased from the outflow of compressor.Therefore, can not on rudimentary covering, by-pass port be set, can only be as patent documentation 1 in the narrow thin stream that rudimentary discharge space and advanced compression portion are coupled together, by-pass port be set.
But, in compound compressor 100,, rudimentary press part 10 is located at the upside of advanced compression portion 30 with usually on the contrary.Therefore, rudimentary discharge space 20 is located at the upside of rudimentary press part 10, and rudimentary covering 19 can be located at the height of not floodlubrication oil.As a result, can on rudimentary covering 19, by-pass port 23 be set.
In addition, owing to be not on the middle connecting pipe 51 but on rudimentary covering 19, by-pass port 23 is set, so bypass valve 24 can adopt the needle spring plate valve of simple structure.Therefore, bypass valve 24 and bypass valve guard 25 can adopt and rudimentary expulsion valve 17 and rudimentary valve guard 18 components identical.Through making commonization of element suppress cost low.In addition, therefore the simple structure of bypass valve 24 can also suppress the cost that assembling is spent low.
Next, the heat pump system 101 with compound compressor 100 is described.
Fig. 9 be the expression have spray circuits heat pump system loop structure one the example figure.Figure 10 is the Mollier line chart of state of the refrigeration agent of heat pump system 101 shown in Figure 9.In Figure 10, transverse axis is represented specific enthalpy, and the longitudinal axis is represented refrigerant pressure.
Heat pump system 101 has the main refrigerant circuit of utilizing pipe arrangement to connect compound compressor 100, heat exchanger 71 (the 2nd heat exchanger), the 1st expansion valve 72, receiver (receiver) the 78, the 3rd expansion valve 74, heat exchanger 76 (the 1st heat exchanger) successively.In addition, heat pump system 101 has spray circuits, in this spray circuits, utilizes pipe arrangement from being connected to the injection pipe 61 of compound compressor 100 between receiver 78 and the 3rd expansion valve 74, and at pipe arrangement the 2nd expansion valve 75 is set midway.In addition, heat pump system 101 has internal exchanger 73, and this internal exchanger 73 makes refrigeration agent and the refrigeration agent in the spray circuits in the main refrigerant circuit carry out heat exchange.In addition, heat pump system 101 has the four-way valve 77 of the flow direction that is used to change refrigeration agent.
The action when turning round that heats of heat pump system 101 at first, is described.When heating running, four-way valve 77 is set on the solid line direction.In addition, this heats running and not only is included in heating of using in the air conditioning, also comprises giving the supply hot water that the hydro-thermal amount is made hot water.
The vapor phase refrigerant (point 1 among Figure 10) that in compound compressor 100, becomes HTHP is discharged from the discharge tube 5 of compound compressor 100, in the heat exchanger 71 as condenser, radiator, carries out heat exchange and liquefy (point 2 among Figure 10) afterwards.At this moment, utilize from the refrigeration agent liberated heat heating such as air, water, thereby heat, supply with hot water.
The liquid phase refrigerant that has liquefied at heat exchanger 71 is through the decompression of the 1st expansion valve 72 (mechanism of decompressor), and becomes gas-liquid two-phase state (point 3 among Figure 10).The refrigeration agent that becomes the gas-liquid two-phase state at the 1st expansion valve 72 carries out heat exchange with the refrigeration agent that sucks to compound compressor 100 in receiver 78, be cooled and liquefy (point 4 among Figure 10).Flow to the main refrigerant circuit of internal exchanger the 73, the 3rd expansion valve 74 sides, the spray circuits of the 2nd expansion valve 75 sides the liquid phase refrigerant bifurcated that has liquefied at receiver 78.
The liquid phase refrigerant that in main refrigerant circuit, flows carries out heat exchange with the refrigeration agent that in spray circuits, flows that becomes the gas-liquid two-phase state in 75 decompressions of the 2nd expansion valve in internal exchanger 73, be further cooled (point 5 among Figure 10).Become gas-liquid two-phase state (point 6 among Figure 10) at internal exchanger 73 chilled liquid phase refrigerants in the decompression of the 3rd expansion valve 74 (mechanism of decompressor).The refrigeration agent that becomes the gas-liquid two-phase state at the 3rd expansion valve 74 carries out heat exchange and is heated (point 7 among Figure 10) in the heat exchanger 76 as vaporizer.Afterwards, the refrigeration agent that in heat exchanger 76, has been heated is further heated (point 8 among Figure 10) at receiver 78, be inhaled into compound compressor 100 from suction pipe 8 afterwards.
On the other hand, as above-mentioned, reduce pressure (point 9 among Figure 10), in internal exchanger 73, carry out heat exchange (point 10 among Figure 10) afterwards through the 2nd expansion valve 75 (mechanism of decompressor) at the refrigeration agent that flows in the spray circuits.The refrigeration agent (ejector refrigeration agent) that in internal exchanger 73, has carried out the gas-liquid two-phase state after the heat exchange flows into to rudimentary discharge space 20 with the injection pipe 61 of gas-liquid two-phase state from compound compressor 100.
In compound compressor 100, the main refrigerant circuit of flowing through also presses and is heated (point 11 among Figure 10) from the refrigeration agent (point 8 Figure 10) that suction pipe 8 sucks in the middle of rudimentary press part 10 is compressed into.The refrigeration agent that is discharged to rudimentary discharge space 20 (point 11 among Figure 10) and ejector refrigeration agent (point 8 among Figure 10) interflow having pressed and be heated in the middle of being compressed to, temperature reduces (point 12 among Figure 10).Afterwards, the refrigeration agent (point 12 among Figure 10) that temperature has reduced further is compressed, heats and become HTHP in advanced compression portion 30, presses space 53 to discharge (point 1 Figure 10) from discharging stream 52 to discharging afterwards.
In addition, when not spraying running, the aperture that makes the 2nd expansion valve 75 is a full cut-off.That is, when spraying running, make the aperture of the aperture of the 2nd expansion valve 75, and when not spraying running, make the aperture of the aperture of the 2nd expansion valve 75 less than regulation greater than regulation.Thus, make refrigeration agent not flow into the injection pipe 61 of compound compressor 100.That is, make refrigeration agent all suck compound compressors 100 from suction pipe 8 through heat exchanger the 71, the 1st expansion valve 72, receiver 78.
At this, the aperture of the 2nd expansion valve 75 is controlled through electronic control by control device.In addition, control device for example is a microcomputer etc.
Action when next, the cooling operation of heat pump system 101 being described.When cooling operation, four-way valve 77 is set on the dotted line direction.
The vapor phase refrigerant (point 1 among Figure 10) that in compound compressor 100, becomes HTHP is discharged from the discharge tube 5 of compound compressor 100, in the heat exchanger 76 as condenser, radiator, carries out heat exchange and liquefy (point 2 among Figure 10) afterwards.The liquid phase refrigerant that in heat exchanger 76, has liquefied reduces pressure in the 3rd expansion valve 74 and becomes gas-liquid two-phase state (point 3 among Figure 10).The refrigeration agent that in the 3rd expansion valve 74, becomes the gas-liquid two-phase state carries out heat exchange in internal exchanger 73, be cooled and liquefy (point 4 among Figure 10).In internal exchanger 73, the refrigeration agent that in the 3rd expansion valve 74, becomes the gas-liquid two-phase state becomes the gas-liquid two-phase state with the liquid phase refrigerant that in internal exchanger 73, has liquefied is reduced pressure in the 2nd expansion valve 75 refrigeration agent (point 9 among Figure 10) carries out heat exchange.Liquid phase refrigerant in internal exchanger 73 after the heat exchange (point 4 among Figure 10) bifurcated also flows to the main refrigerant circuit of receiver 78 sides and the spray circuits of internal exchanger 73 sides.
The liquid phase refrigerant that in main refrigerant circuit, flows carries out heat exchange with the refrigeration agent that sucks compound compressor 100 in receiver 78, be further cooled (point 5 among Figure 10).Chilled liquid phase refrigerant becomes gas-liquid two-phase state (point 6 among Figure 10) by 72 decompressions of the 1st expansion valve in receiver 78.The refrigeration agent that becomes the gas-liquid two-phase state through the 1st expansion valve 72 carries out heat exchange in the heat exchanger 71 as vaporizer, and is heated (point 7 among Figure 10).At this moment, refrigeration agent absorbs heat, thereby with coolings such as air, water, freezes, or makes cold water, ice, carries out freezing.
Afterwards, the refrigeration agent that has been heated at heat exchanger 71 is further heated (point 8 among Figure 10) at receiver 78, sucks compound compressors 100 from suction pipe 8 afterwards.
On the other hand, as above-mentioned, be depressurized (point 9 among Figure 10), carry out heat exchange (point 10 among Figure 10) at internal exchanger 73 afterwards at the 2nd expansion valve 75 at the refrigeration agent that flows in the spray circuits.The refrigeration agent of the gas-liquid two-phase state after internal exchanger 73 heat exchanges (ejector refrigeration agent) flows into to rudimentary discharge space 20 with the injection pipe 61 of gas-liquid two-phase state from compound compressor 100.
About the compressed action in compound compressor 100, with to heat when running identical.
In addition, do not spraying when running, likewise, making the aperture of the 2nd expansion valve 75 is full cut-off, makes refrigeration agent not flow into the injection pipe 61 of compound compressor 100 when heating running.
In addition, heat exchanger 71 can be the heat exchanger that is used to make the liquid such as liquid phase refrigerant and water of vapor phase refrigerant or the low-temp low-pressure of HTHP to carry out heat exchange as above-mentioned.In addition, heat exchanger 71 also can be for being used to make the vapor phase refrigerant that becomes HTHP or becoming the heat exchanger that the gas such as liquid phase refrigerant and air of low-temp low-pressure carries out heat exchange.That is, the heat pump system 101 that utilizes Fig. 9 to explain can be air bells conditioner, also can also be refrigerating plant, cold storage plant for supplying with water heating device.
At this, spraying running is when load is higher.Load is that the temperature of instigating the refrigeration agent that in heat exchanger 71 and in main refrigerant circuit, flows to carry out the fluid of heat exchange becomes the needed heat of set point of temperature, promptly needs to load.Needing load can be index computation with the rotating speed of external air temperature, compressor etc.At this, not shown needs load detection unit waits to detect through the rotating speed that detects external air temperature, compressor needs load.
For example, if heat the situation of running, then externally air temperature is that the rotating speed of situation, compressor below the set point of temperature (for example, 2 ℃) is that assigned frequency (for example, 60Hz) is sprayed running under the above situation.Thus, can improve the heating capacity when externally air temperature is low, can access and heat, supply with the well behaved heat pump system of hot water.Need not spray under other the situation of running, when heating running, the aperture that also makes the 2nd expansion valve 75 is a full cut-off, does not spray running.
In addition, as above-mentioned, compound compressor 100 the load step-down, when becoming the overcompression state bypass mechanism is moved.So, through rudimentary press part 10 refrigerant compressed not by advanced compression portion 30 compression but bypass advanced compression portion 30 and press space 53 to discharge to discharging discharge to refrigerant circuit from discharge tube 5 afterwards.
That is, heat pump system 101 carries out the running control of following (1)～(3) according to the height of load.
(1) at load when higher when the 2nd load (load be higher than predefined), the aperture of the 2nd expansion valve 75 is increased, spray running.
(2) at load when moderate (when load is lower than the 2nd load and is higher than the 1st load; The 1st the load be set be lower than the 2nd the load); The aperture of the 2nd expansion valve 75 is reduced, do not spray running, utilize rudimentary press part 10 and advanced compression portion 30 to carry out the twin-stage compression.
(3) when load is low (when load is lower than the 1st load) opened bypass valve 24, and bypass advanced compression portion 30 mainly only utilizes rudimentary press part 10 to compress.
Thus, when higher, can bring into play the running of ability, when load is low, can suppresses ability and turn round efficiently at load.
Mode of execution 2
Explanation has the compound compressor 100 of following mechanism in mode of execution 2, that is, make to flow into the rudimentary press part 10 of refrigerant bypass that sucks silencing apparatus 7 and suck to advanced compression portion 30.
Figure 11 is the pie graph of the compound compressor 100 of mode of execution 2.
For the compound compressor 100 of mode of execution 2, compound compressor 100 different portions with mode of execution 1 only are described.
In compound compressor 100; Make suck suction pipe 8 that silencing apparatus 7 is connected with the rudimentary suction port 21 of rudimentary press part 10 export the 22 middle connecting pipes 51 that are connected with the senior suction port 41 of advanced compression portion 30 midway with the intermediate flow that makes rudimentary covering 19 midway, be provided with four-way valve 54 (switching part).
Four-way valve 54 is used to switch following state: suck the state (stream shown in the dotted line) that state (stream shown in the solid line), suction silencing apparatus 7 are connected with senior suction port 41 and rudimentary suction port 21 is connected with intermediate flow outlet 22 that silencing apparatus 7 is connected with rudimentary suction port 21 and intermediate flow outlet 22 is connected with senior suction port 41.Particularly, when turning round usually, four-way valve 54 becomes following state: suck the state (stream shown in the solid line) that silencing apparatus 7 is connected with rudimentary suction port 21 and intermediate flow outlet 22 is connected with senior suction port 41.On the other hand, when load is low, become following state: suck the state (stream shown in the dotted line) that silencing apparatus 7 is connected with senior suction port 41 and rudimentary suction port 21 is connected with intermediate flow outlet 22.Promptly; When turning round usually; Make to flow into the refrigeration agent that sucks silencing apparatus 7 and suck to rudimentary press part 10, when load is low, make flow into suck silencing apparatus 7 refrigeration agent by rudimentary press part 10 compressions but the rudimentary press part 10 of bypass and sucking to advanced compression portion 30.
Thus, the compound compressor 100 of mode of execution 2 load lower and need not utilize rudimentary press part 10 and advanced compression portion 30 the two when compressing, can only utilize 30 pairs of refrigeration agents of advanced compression portion to compress.Therefore, compound compressor 100 can improve the compressor efficiency when load is low.
In addition, the compound compressor 100 of mode of execution 2 can make the refrigeration agent that flow into suction silencing apparatus 7 directly suck advanced compression portion 30 without rudimentary press part 10 ground, and therefore the preheating loss that rudimentary press part 10 is caused can not take place.
In addition, in the so-called inverter compressor that the running rotating speed of motor can change, change the rotating speed of motor, adjust circulating mass of refrigerant thus according to the load change of heat pump system.That is, must reduce under the situation of circulating mass of refrigerant, reduce the rotating speed of motor, reduce circulating mass of refrigerant thus loading lower.On the other hand, must increase under the situation of circulating mass of refrigerant loading higher, the rotating speed of increasing motor increases circulating mass of refrigerant thus.
Generally speaking, the efficiency characteristic of motor designs with the mode that becomes peak value in rated speed.Therefore, from the viewpoint of compressor efficiency, preferably motor is turned round with rotating speed near rated speed.
As implement mode 1 illustrated, compound compressor 100 from by-pass port 23 discharging refrigerants, can mainly only utilize rudimentary press part 10 compressed refrigerants thus when load is low.In addition, in mode of execution 2, as above-mentioned, compound compressor 100 switches four-way valve 54 when load is low, can only utilize advanced compression portion 30 compressed refrigerants thus.That is, compound compressor 100 can mainly only utilize rudimentary press part 10 compressed refrigerants, can also only utilize advanced compression portion 30 compressed refrigerants.
At this, as enforcement mode 1 was illustrated, the compression chamber volume of advanced compression portion 30 (volume of advanced compression chamber 35) was less than the compression chamber volume (volume of rudimentary pressing chamber 15) of rudimentary press part 10.In order to make the little compressor of big compressor of compression chamber volume and compression chamber volume is identical circulating mass of refrigerant, and the rotating speed of motor that need make the big compressor of compression chamber volume is less than the rotating speed of the motor of the little compressor of compression chamber volume.Promptly; Be identical circulating mass of refrigerant in the compound compressor 100 in order to make; Compare with the situation of only utilizing advanced compression portion 30 compressed refrigerants, mainly only utilizing under the situation of rudimentary press part 10 compressed refrigerants, need reduce the rotating speed of motor accordingly with the big degree of compression chamber volume.
Therefore, compound compressor 100 is when load is low, and the degree low according to load switched the running that mainly only utilizes the running of rudimentary press part 10 compressed refrigerants and only utilize advanced compression portion 30 compressed refrigerants.Particularly, when the low degree of load is more weak, do not switch four-way valve 54, bypass mechanism is moved, mainly only utilize rudimentary press part 10 compressed refrigerants thus.On the other hand, and when the low degree of load is strong (, when load is very low), switch four-way valve 54, only utilize advanced compression portion 30 compressed refrigerants.
That is, when utilizing rudimentary press part 10 compressed refrigerants, under the situation that must make rotating speed, switch four-way valve 54, switch with the mode of only utilizing advanced compression portion 30 to compress less than rated speed.Thus, rotating speed that can increasing motor, the rotating speed that can make motor is near rated speed.As a result, can raise the efficiency.
That is the heat pump system 101 that, has the compound compressor 100 of mode of execution 2 carries out the running control of (1)～(4) according to load.
(1) at load when higher when the 2nd load (load be higher than predefined), the aperture of the 2nd expansion valve 75 is increased, spray running.
(2) at load when moderate (when load is lower than the 2nd load and is higher than the 1st load; The 1st the load be set be lower than the 2nd the load); The aperture of the 2nd expansion valve 75 is reduced, do not spray running, utilize rudimentary press part 10 and advanced compression portion 30 to carry out the twin-stage compression.
(3) when load is low (when load was lower than the 1st load and is higher than the 3rd load, the 3rd load was set to such an extent that be lower than the 1st load) opened bypass valve 24, and bypass advanced compression portion 30 mainly only utilizes rudimentary press part 10 to compress.
(4) when load is very low (when load is lower than the 3rd load) switched four-way valve 54, makes the rudimentary press part 10 of refrigerant bypass and sucks to advanced compression portion 30 from sucking silencing apparatus 7, only utilizes advanced compression portion 30 to compress.
Thus, the heat pump system 101 that has the compound compressor 100 of mode of execution 2 can improve the efficient when load is very low.
In addition, four-way valve 54 passes through control device by electronic control.
Mode of execution 3
In mode of execution 3, explain to be used for the suction refrigeration agent of advanced compression portion 30 is supplied with the compound compressor 100 to the rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 of the low grade blade 13 of rudimentary press part 10.
Figure 12 is the sectional view of compression mechanical part 3 parts of the compound compressor 100 of mode of execution 3.
For the compound compressor 100 of mode of execution 3, compound compressor 100 different portions with mode of execution 2 only are described.
Compound compressor 100 has pressure and imports road 55, and this pressure imports road 55 and connects intermediate clapboards 50, makes from senior suction port 41 to the senior suction passage the advanced compression chamber 35 42 to be communicated with the rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 of rudimentary press part 10.
Import road 55 owing to have pressure, the refrigeration agent that therefore sucks to advanced compression chamber 35 flows into rudimentary back pressure chamber 26.That is, the pressure in the rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 is identical with the pressure of the suction refrigeration agent of advanced compression portion 30.
Next, the power that low grade blade 13 is suffered is described.
Figure 13 is the explanatory drawing of the suffered power of low grade blade 13.
On low grade blade 13, from rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 sides towards rudimentary pressing chamber 15 side effects just like exerting oneself: the long-pending represented power of the pressure P v in the rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 and the area v of the part that pressure P v is arranged in low grade blade 13 effects (the power Psp of Pv * v), spring 27.That is, on low grade blade 13, the power of " Pv * v+Psp " is arranged towards rudimentary pressing chamber 15 side effects from rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 sides.
On the other hand; On low grade blade 13, from rudimentary pressing chamber 15 sides towards rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 side effects just like exerting oneself: long-pending represented power (the pressure P c of Ps * a), discharging refrigerant and the long-pending represented power of the area b of the part that pressure P c is arranged in the low grade blade 13 effects (Pc * b) that sucks the pressure P s of refrigeration agent and the area a of the part that pressure P s is arranged in low grade blade 13 effects.In addition, from rudimentary pressing chamber 15 sides towards rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 side effects just like exerting oneself: rudimentary rotary-piston 12 carries out the pushing force x (blade centrifugal force) that eccentric rotation is produced.That is, on low grade blade 13, the power of " (Ps * a)+(Pc * b)+x " is arranged towards rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 side effects from rudimentary pressing chamber 15 sides.
That is, effect has the Fv=(Pv * v+Psp)-((Ps * a)+(power of Pc * b)+x) on low grade blade 13.Wherein, area v=area a+ area b.
Explanation is in the four-way valve 54 suffered power of the low grade blade 13 of (when turning round usually) during for the stream shown in the solid line among Figure 11.
At first, pressure P v in the rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 is described.
When turning round usually, the refrigeration agent that is discharged to rudimentary discharge space 20 through rudimentary press part 10 compressions is via middle connecting pipe 51 and the advanced compression chamber 35 of senior suction passage 42 suctions to advanced compression portion 30.During through senior suction passage 42, part of refrigerant imports road 55 from pressure and flows into to rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 at refrigeration agent.The refrigeration agent of therefore, in the middle of rudimentary press part 10 compressions, pressing flows into to rudimentary back pressure chamber 26.In addition, accurately, the pressure P v of the refrigeration agent in the rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 be not from rudimentary press part 10 discharge in the middle of press, but owing to press the pressure that obtains in the middle of through middle connecting pipe 51 amount of the resistance of middle connecting pipe 51 being pressurized to.That is, the pressure P v of the refrigeration agent in the rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 is a little higher than middle pressure of pressing.
Next, pressure in the rudimentary pressing chamber 15 is described.
When turning round usually, in rudimentary press part 10, in the middle of being compressed into, the refrigeration agent of low pressure presses.That is, the pressure P s that sucks refrigeration agent is a low pressure, and the pressure P c of discharging refrigerant is middle the pressure.
That is, when turning round usually, the pressure P v in the rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 (pressure of pressing in the middle of a little higher than) are higher than pressure P s (low pressure) or the pressure P c (press the centre) in the rudimentary pressing chamber 15.
The suffered power of the low grade blade 13 of when press part 10 (bypass rudimentary) when explanation is the stream shown in the dotted line among Figure 11 at four-way valve 54.
At first, pressure P v in the rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 is described.
When the rudimentary press part 10 of bypass, flow into the rudimentary press part 10 of refrigerant bypass that sucks silencing apparatus 7, suck to advanced compression chamber 35 via middle connecting pipe 51 and senior suction passage 42.During through senior suction passage 42, part of refrigerant imports road 55 from pressure and flows into to rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 at refrigeration agent.Therefore, the refrigeration agent that flow into the low pressure that sucks silencing apparatus 7 is to rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 inflows.That is, the pressure P v in the rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 is a low pressure.
Next, pressure in the rudimentary pressing chamber 15 is described.
When the rudimentary press part 10 of bypass, rudimentary press part 10 does not suck refrigeration agents from sucking silencing apparatus 7, and the refrigeration agents in the rudimentary press part 10 be circuit refrigeration agent in rudimentary pressing chamber 15 and rudimentary discharge space 20.Therefore, identical refrigeration agent is repeatedly by rudimentary press part 10 compressions.But pressure is higher than the refrigeration agent of discharging pressure and presses space 53 to discharge from by-pass port 23 to discharging.Therefore, the pressure in the rudimentary pressing chamber 15 changes to discharge from low pressure and presses.
That is, when the rudimentary press part 10 of bypass, the pressure P v (low pressure) in the rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 is equal or lower with pressure P s, pressure P c in the rudimentary pressing chamber 15.In addition, temporary, have the equal situation of pressure in pressure P v and the rudimentary pressing chamber 15 in the rudimentary back pressure chamber 26, but the pressure P v in the very fast rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 will be lower than the interior pressure of rudimentary pressing chamber 15.
Therefore,, can when common running, make the suffered power Fv of low grade blade 13, when the rudimentary press part 10 of bypass, make the suffered power Fv of low grade blade 13 less than 0 greater than 0 through power Psp, the blade centrifugal force x of adjustment spring 27.That is, when common running, on low grade blade 13, from rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 sides towards the power of rudimentary pressing chamber 15 side effects greater than from the power of rudimentary pressing chamber 15 sides towards rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 side effects.On the other hand, when the rudimentary press part 10 of bypass, on low grade blade 13, from rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 sides towards the power of rudimentary pressing chamber 15 side effects less than from the power of rudimentary pressing chamber 15 sides towards rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 side effects.
Through setting like this, when turning round usually, low grade blade 13 is urged to rudimentary rotary-piston 12.That is, with respect to the revolution of rudimentary rotary-piston 12, low grade blade 13 has higher tracing ability.On the other hand, when the rudimentary press part 10 of bypass, low grade blade 13 can be urged to rudimentary rotary-piston 12 hardly.That is, the frictional loss between low grade blade 13 and the rudimentary rotary-piston 12 diminishes.
Because low grade blade 13 diminishes with frictional loss between the rudimentary rotary-piston 12, the efficient the when heat pump system 101 that therefore has the compound compressor 100 of mode of execution 3 can further improve load and hangs down very much.
Mode of execution 4
In mode of execution 4, to describing corresponding to needing moment of torsion to control the compound compressor 100 that moment of torsion takes place.
Figure 14 is the figure of the moment of torsion change of the common dual rotation type compressor of expression.In addition, the dual rotation type compressor is meant the compressor that two press parts move side by side.
Figure 15 is the figure of the moment of torsion change of compound compressor 100 when turning round usually of expression mode of execution 1.In addition, usually running is to instigate refrigeration agent from sucking the running that silencing apparatus 7 sucks to rudimentary press part 10, and is that bypass valve 24 cuts out and not from the running of by-pass port 23 discharging refrigerants.
Figure 16 is the figure of the moment of torsion change of compound compressor 100 when running is alleviated in overcompression of expression mode of execution 1.In addition, it is to instigate refrigeration agent from sucking the running that silencing apparatus 7 sucks to rudimentary press part 10 that running is alleviated in overcompression, and is that bypass mechanism moves and from the running of by-pass port 23 discharging refrigerants.
Figure 17 is the figure of the moment of torsion change of compound compressor 100 when senior side directly sucks running of expression mode of execution 2.In addition, senior side directly sucks running and is meant the running that four-way valve 54 is switched to the stream of the dotted line among Figure 11 and refrigeration agent is sucked to advanced compression portion 30 from suction silencing apparatus 7.
Like Figure 14～shown in Figure 17, compare with the dual rotation type compressor, in compound compressor, the cogging of variation of crankangle (crank angle) that is accompanied by bent axle 4 is bigger.Under the bigger situation of the cogging of the variation that is accompanied by crankangle, the efficient of motor reduces and vibration becomes big.Particularly, the efficient reduction meeting considerable influence that is accompanied by the bigger caused motor of situation of the cogging of variation of crankangle to when motor turns round with the slow-speed of revolution, load efficient hour.And, big if vibration becomes, then can cause noise, and the reliability of the pipe arrangement of heat pump system is reduced.
In the dual rotation type compressor, two press parts of same compression chamber volume dispose with the mode of eccentric phase shifting 180 degree of rotary-piston, therefore utilize two press parts that moment of torsion is repealed by implication.Therefore, that kind shown in figure 14, the cogging of variation that in the dual rotation type compressor, is accompanied by crankangle is less.
With respect to this, in compound compressor 100, as enforcement mode 1 is illustrated, to compare with the compression chamber volume of rudimentary press part 10, the compression chamber volume of advanced compression portion 30 is less.That is, the compressed action of rudimentary press part 10 and advanced compression portion 30 there are differences.Therefore, that kind shown in figure 15 is compared with the dual rotation type compressor, and in compound compressor 100, the cogging of variation that is accompanied by crankangle is bigger.Particularly, from rudimentary pressing chamber 15 to the time point of rudimentary discharge space 20 discharging refrigerants, from advanced compression chamber 35 to the time point of senior discharge space 40 discharging refrigerants, torque changes significantly.
In addition, shown in figure 16, alleviate under the situation of running having carried out overcompression, to compare during with common running shown in Figure 14, the cogging that is accompanied by the variation of crankangle becomes big a little.This be because: therefore mainly only utilize rudimentary press part 10 to compress, become near the action that only has single rotary compressor of a press part.That is, this is because the payment of moment of torsion almost disappears between two press parts.
In addition, shown in figure 17, directly suck under the situation of running having carried out senior side, with carrying out shown in Figure 16 the overcompression situation of alleviating running likewise become action near single rotary compressor, the cogging that is accompanied by the variation of crankangle becomes big.
Therefore, compound compressor 100 utilizes control device and promptly needs moment of torsion according to the needed moment of torsion of running (load torque), and control motor 2 makes it produce moment of torsion (output torque).Thus, suppress the moment of torsion change little.At this, need the moment of torsion for example can be according to judgements such as the variation of the rotating speed of compressor, change in current, vibration, crankangles.
For example, control device is according to the rotating speed and the crankangle judgement needs moment of torsion of compressor.For example, control device will write down according to each rotating speed, each crankangle of compressor in advance need moment of torsion form stores in storage.The rotating speed and the crankangle of the on-stream detection compressor of control device are read rotating speed and the corresponding moment of torsion that needs of crankangle with detected compressor from storage.Then, control device control motor 2 so that its generation read need moment of torsion.In addition, also can carry out the corresponding learning control that need moment of torsion of each index such as rotating speed, crankangle of on-stream study and compressor, carry out moment of torsion control according to the result who learns.
Through suppressing the moment of torsion change little, can further improve the efficient of compressor, and can reduce vibration.
Above content is summarized as follows.
Compound compressor 100 is configured in the rotary compound compressor that upside, advanced compression portion 30 are configured in downside for rudimentary press part 10; It is characterized in that the rudimentary covering 19 that constitutes the rudimentary discharge space 20 of rudimentary press part 10 is provided with and discharges the by-pass port 23 and the bypass valve 24 of pressing space 53 to be communicated with.
In addition; Compound compressor 100 is characterised in that; This compound compressor 100 constitutes: the discharge tube of the suction pipe that is connected with suction silencing apparatus 7, the suction pipe of rudimentary press part 10, rudimentary press part 10, the suction pipe of advanced compression portion 30 connect through four-way valve 54; Make and suck the suction pipe that silencing apparatus 7 is connected and the suction pipe of advanced compression portion 30 and be communicated with, make to suck refrigerant gas and directly do not suck advanced compression portion 30 via rudimentary press part 10 ground.
In addition, compound compressor 100 is characterised in that the rudimentary back pressure chamber 26 of rudimentary press part 10 is communicated with the suction pressure of advanced compression portion 30.
In addition, compound compressor 100 is characterised in that, implements and the corresponding moment of torsion control of the change of torque.
Description of reference numerals
1 seal container, 2 motor, 2a stator, 2b rotor, 3 compression mechanical parts, 4 bent axles, 5 discharge tubes; 6 lubricant oil reservoir, 7 suck silencing apparatus, 8 suction pipes, 10 rudimentary press parts, 11 rudimentary cylinders, 12 rudimentary rotary-pistons, 13 low grade blades; 14 rudimentary frameworks, 15 rudimentary pressing chambers, 16 rudimentary exhaust ports, 17 rudimentary expulsion valves, 18 rudimentary valve guards, 19 rudimentary coverings, 20 rudimentary discharge spaces; 21 rudimentary suction ports, the outlet of 22 intermediate flows, 23 by-pass ports, 24 bypass valve, 25 bypass valve guards, 26 rudimentary back pressure chambers, 27 springs; 28,29 rivets, 30 advanced compression portions, 31 senior cylinders, 32 senior rotary-pistons, 33 high grade blades, 34 high-level framework, advanced compression chambers 35; 36 senior exhaust ports, 37 senior expulsion valves, 38 senior valve guards, 39 senior coverings, 40 senior discharge spaces, 41 senior suction ports, 42 senior suction passages; 46 senior back pressure chambers, 50 intermediate clapboards, 51 middle connecting pipes, 52 discharge streams, and 53 discharge the pressure spaces, 54 four-way valves, 55 pressure import the road; 60 spargers, 61 injection pipes, 71 heat exchangers, 72 the 1st expansion valves, 73 internal exchangers, 74 the 3rd expansion valves; 75 the 2nd expansion valves, 76 heat exchangers, 77 four-way valves, 78 receivers, 100 compound compressors, 101 heat pump systeies.

Claims (15)

1. heat pump system is characterized in that having:
Utilize pipe arrangement to connect the main refrigerant circuit of compressor, the 1st heat exchanger, the 1st expansion mechanism, the 2nd heat exchanger successively,
Above-mentioned compressor has:
Rudimentary press part, the refrigeration agent that this rudimentary compressing section compresses flows into;
Advanced compression portion, this advanced compression portion to above-mentioned rudimentary compressing section compresses refrigeration agent further compress;
Bypass mechanism; When needs loads is higher than predefined the 1st load; The refrigeration agent that this bypass mechanism has compressed above-mentioned rudimentary press part and above-mentioned advanced compression portion is discharged to above-mentioned main refrigerant circuit; Above-mentioned when needing load to be lower than above-mentioned the 1st load; This bypass mechanism make above-mentioned rudimentary compressing section compresses refrigeration agent not by above-mentioned advanced compression portion compression ground bypass, and discharge to above-mentioned main refrigerant circuit, above-mentioned need load be make in above-mentioned the 1st heat exchanger with above-mentioned main refrigerant circuit in the refrigeration agent that the flows temperature of carrying out the fluid of heat exchange become the needed heat of set point of temperature.
2. heat pump system according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned heat pump system also has:
Spray circuits; This spray circuits is utilized between above-mentioned the 1st heat exchanger and above-mentioned the 1st expansion mechanism of pipe arrangement from above-mentioned main refrigerant circuit and is connected to injection pipe; Above-mentioned pipe arrangement be provided with the 2nd expansion mechanism midway, above-mentioned injection pipe with the above-mentioned rudimentary press part of above-mentioned compressor is connected with the intermediate flow passage that above-mentioned advanced compression portion couples together;
Control device; Above-mentioned need duty ratio set be higher than above-mentioned the 1st load the 2nd load when high; This control device is controlled; Be opened to more than the prescribed so that be located at the aperture of above-mentioned the 2nd expansion mechanism of above-mentioned spray circuits, a part that in above-mentioned main refrigerant circuit, flows to the refrigeration agent of above-mentioned expansion mechanism from above-mentioned the 1st heat exchanger is injected to the above-mentioned intermediate flow passage of above-mentioned compressor from above-mentioned injection pipe via above-mentioned spray circuits.
3. heat pump system according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned compressor also has switching part; Set to such an extent that be lower than the 3rd load of above-mentioned the 1st load when low in the above-mentioned duty ratio that needs; This switching part makes the refrigeration agent that flows into from above-mentioned main refrigerant circuit not by above-mentioned rudimentary compressing section compresses ground bypass, and is drawn into above-mentioned advanced compression portion.
4. heat pump system according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned compressor also has:
Intermediate flow passage; This intermediate flow passage has rudimentary discharge portion and middle connecting pipe; This rudimentary discharge portion is located at the upside of above-mentioned rudimentary press part, forms the discharge space that above-mentioned rudimentary press part institute refrigerant compressed is discharged, and this centre connecting pipe connects above-mentioned rudimentary discharge portion and above-mentioned advanced compression portion;
Seal container; The inner space that this seal container is formed with the inner space of taking in above-mentioned rudimentary press part, above-mentioned advanced compression portion and above-mentioned rudimentary discharge portion, promptly supplies institute of above-mentioned advanced compression portion refrigerant compressed to discharge; The refrigeration agent that is discharged to above-mentioned inner space is discharged to above-mentioned main refrigerant circuit
Above-mentioned advanced compression portion is located at the downside of above-mentioned rudimentary press part, and connecting pipe sucks to self pressing chamber and is discharged to the refrigeration agent in above-mentioned rudimentary discharge portion formed above-mentioned discharge space and compresses in the middle of above-mentioned,
Above-mentioned bypass mechanism is at the by-pass port that is formed at above-mentioned rudimentary discharge portion, promptly connect on the by-pass port of above-mentioned inner space of above-mentioned discharge space and above-mentioned seal container and be provided with open and close valve, and this open and close valve is to constitute in the above-mentioned mode of opening when needing load to be lower than above-mentioned the 1st load.
5. compound compressor is characterized in that having:
Rudimentary press part, this rudimentary press part compresses the refrigeration agent that is drawn into pressing chamber from suction port and discharges from exhaust port;
Rudimentary discharge portion, this rudimentary discharge portion is located at the upside of above-mentioned rudimentary press part, and the refrigeration agent that has formed with above-mentioned rudimentary compressing section compresses is from the discharge space of above-mentioned exhaust port discharge;
Middle connecting pipe, an end of this centre connecting pipe is connected with above-mentioned rudimentary discharge portion formed above-mentioned discharge space;
Advanced compression portion, this advanced compression portion is located at the downside of above-mentioned rudimentary press part, with above-mentioned in the middle of the other end of connecting pipe is connected, with the refrigeration agent that is discharged to above-mentioned discharge space in the middle of above-mentioned connecting pipe to the pressing chamber suction and compress;
Seal container, this seal container are formed with the inner space of taking in above-mentioned rudimentary press part, above-mentioned advanced compression portion and above-mentioned rudimentary discharge portion, and the refrigeration agent that above-mentioned advanced compression portion has compressed is discharged to this inner space,
Above-mentioned rudimentary discharge portion is formed with the by-pass port that above-mentioned discharge space is connected with the above-mentioned inner space of above-mentioned seal container; And on above-mentioned by-pass port, have open and close valve, open when the pressure of the refrigeration agent of this open and close valve in above-mentioned discharge space is higher than the pressure of the refrigeration agent in the above-mentioned inner space.
6. compound compressor according to claim 5 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned exhaust port at above-mentioned rudimentary press part is provided with open and close valve, when being higher than the pressure of the refrigeration agent in the above-mentioned discharge space, opens the pressure of the refrigeration agent of this open and close valve in the above-mentioned pressing chamber of above-mentioned rudimentary press part,
The open and close valve of open and close valve and the above-mentioned by-pass port of being located at above-mentioned rudimentary discharge portion of being located at the above-mentioned exhaust port of above-mentioned rudimentary press part is a same configuration.
7. compound compressor according to claim 6 is characterized in that,
Open and close valve and the open and close valve of the above-mentioned by-pass port of being located at above-mentioned rudimentary discharge portion of being located at the above-mentioned exhaust port of above-mentioned rudimentary press part all are the needle spring plate valves.
8. compound compressor according to claim 5 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned compound compressor also has:
Suck silencing apparatus, refrigeration agent flows into from the outside and should suck silencing apparatus;
Suck pipe arrangement, this suction pipe arrangement connects the above-mentioned suction port of above-mentioned suction silencing apparatus and above-mentioned rudimentary press part;
The part midway that switching part, this switching part optionally switch the stream that makes the refrigeration agent that flow into above-mentioned suction silencing apparatus be drawn into above-mentioned rudimentary press part from above-mentioned suction port via above-mentioned suction pipe arrangement and make above-mentioned suction pipe arrangement with above-mentioned in the middle of the part midway of connecting pipe be connected and make the refrigeration agent that flow into above-mentioned suction silencing apparatus not by above-mentioned rudimentary compressing section compresses ground bypass and the stream that sucks to above-mentioned advanced compression portion.
9. compound compressor according to claim 8 is characterized in that,
The switching unit selectively switches using the suction pipe of said suction muffler and the lower the compression section of the inlet connection and the use of the intermediate connecting pipe so that the lower discharge portion and the advanced compression portion suction port connected to a flow path, and so that the suction pipe in the middle portion and the intermediate connecting pipe in the middle part of the connection and the suction muffler and the advanced compression portion suction port and to the lower discharge portion and the lower the compression section of the suction port connected to a flow path.
10. compound compressor according to claim 8 is characterized in that,
The compression chamber volume of above-mentioned advanced compression portion is littler than the compression chamber volume of above-mentioned rudimentary press part.
11. compound compressor according to claim 5 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned rudimentary press part has:
Back pressure chamber;
Blade, this blade are separated into the space of above-mentioned suction oral-lateral and the space of above-mentioned discharge oral-lateral with above-mentioned pressing chamber by the pressure inside of above-mentioned back pressure chamber pushing and side-prominent to above-mentioned pressing chamber,
Above-mentioned compound compressor also has:
Flow into the road, this inflows road makes a part in the refrigeration agent that the above-mentioned pressing chamber to above-mentioned advanced compression portion sucks to above-mentioned back pressure chamber inflow that above-mentioned rudimentary press part had.
12. compound compressor according to claim 5 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned compound compressor also comprises:
Motor, this motor move above-mentioned rudimentary press part and above-mentioned advanced compression portion;
Control device, this control device be corresponding to making above-mentioned rudimentary press part and above-mentioned advanced compression portion move the needed moment of torsion that needs, and controls the action of above-mentioned motor in order to produce the above-mentioned mode that needs moment of torsion with above-mentioned motor.
13. the method for operation of a heat pump system is characterized in that,
This heat pump system has the main refrigerant circuit of utilizing pipe arrangement to connect successively to make compound compressor, the 1st heat exchanger, the 1st expansion mechanism and the 2nd heat exchanger that rudimentary press part and advanced compression portion be connected in series,
When needs loads is higher than predefined the 1st load; Make through above-mentioned rudimentary press part and above-mentioned advanced compression portion refrigerant compressed and discharge to above-mentioned main refrigerant circuit; The above-mentioned load that needs is that the temperature that makes the refrigeration agent that in above-mentioned the 1st heat exchanger and in above-mentioned main refrigerant circuit, flows carry out the fluid of heat exchange becomes the needed heat of set point of temperature
, make by the refrigeration agent of above-mentioned rudimentary compressing section compresses and do not discharge when needing load to be lower than above-mentioned the 1st load above-mentioned by above-mentioned advanced compression portion's compression ground bypass and to above-mentioned main refrigerant circuit.
14. the method for operation of heat pump system according to claim 13 is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned heat pump system also has:
Spray circuits; Be connected to injection pipe between above-mentioned the 1st heat exchanger and above-mentioned the 1st expansion mechanism of this spray circuits from above-mentioned main refrigerant circuit; This injection pipe with the above-mentioned rudimentary press part of above-mentioned compressor is connected with the intermediate flow passage that above-mentioned advanced compression portion couples together
In the method for operation of above-mentioned heat pump system, in addition,
Above-mentioned need duty ratio set be higher than above-mentioned the 1st load the 2nd load when high, a part that flows to the refrigeration agent of above-mentioned expansion mechanism from above-mentioned the 1st heat exchanger is injected to above-mentioned intermediate flow passage from above-mentioned spray circuits.
15. the method for operation of heat pump system according to claim 13 is characterized in that,
Set to such an extent that be lower than the 3rd load of above-mentioned the 1st load when low in the above-mentioned duty ratio that needs; Make the refrigeration agent that flows into from above-mentioned main refrigerant circuit not by above-mentioned rudimentary compressing section compresses ground bypass, and suck to the above-mentioned advanced compression portion of compression chamber volume less than above-mentioned rudimentary press part.
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