CN102560558A - Cathode of electrolytic bath for liquid lower-cathode rare earth molten salt - Google Patents

Abstract

A cathode of a cathode rare earth molten salt electrolytic cell in a liquid state, comprising a tungsten inner lining (1), a molybdenum outer wall (2), an intercepting plate (3), a molybdenum curved plug (4), a molybdenum thickened plate (5), The present invention is suitable for cathode rare earth molten salt electrolytic cells in liquid state, and is a cathode of a tungsten-molybdenum composite structure with a metal liquid surface forming tank and a current extraction structure. The cathode of this structure can form a certain metal liquid surface, which can conduct electricity well and can The cathode is well fixed at the bottom of the electrolytic cell, and the structure is firm and not easily damaged, so the electrolysis of rare earth metals in the form of the lower cathode structure can be well realized.

Description

Cathode of rare earth molten salt electrolyzer with cathode in liquid state

technical field

The invention belongs to molten salt electrolytic metallurgy equipment, and mainly relates to a cathode of a cathode rare earth molten salt electrolytic cell in a liquid state

Background technique

In the production process of rare earth metals, molten salt electrolysis is the main production method of single rare earth metals, mixed rare earth metals and rare earth metal alloys. Historically, the slot structure used in rare earth molten salt electrolysis is in the form of upwardly inserted cathodes and anodes. As an important strategic resource, its demand is increasing. With the expansion of production scale, the improvement of the cell structure has gradually attracted the attention of the industry. In recent years, an electrolytic cell in the form of a liquid cathode has been researched and developed:

A. Chinese patent 200620149620.2 discloses a liquid cathode electrolytic cell for the electrolytic production of rare earth metals and their alloys. The cathode is introduced into the chamber of the electrolytic cell from the side or bottom of the electrolytic cell body, and is connected with a receiver arranged at the bottom of the electrolytic cell, so that The liquid metal product in the receiver directly becomes the cathode of the tank.

B. Chinese patent 200710120258.5 discloses a lower cathode rare earth metal electrolytic cell and the electrolysis process using the electrolytic cell, which is characterized in that the cathode is arranged at the bottom of the electrolytic cell, and the single or mixed metals electrolyzed are collected on it, and the liquid metal liquid surface acts as The surface of the cathode, the distance between the cathode and the anode can be adjusted at any time.

The common feature of the electrolyzers invented by the above-mentioned patents is that the cathode is arranged at the bottom of the electrolyzer chamber, and the cathode is submerged in the bottom of the electrolyte molten salt liquid during the electrolytic production process, and the power source is introduced from the outside of the electrolyzer.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a cathode of a rare earth molten salt electrolytic cell with a cathode in a liquid state. The cathode with this structure can form a certain metal liquid level, can conduct electricity well, and can well fix the cathode at the bottom of the electrolytic cell. The structure is firm and not easy damage, so the electrolysis of rare earth metals in the form of the lower cathode structure can be well realized.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: it is a component of a tungsten-molybdenum composite structure, which not only utilizes the characteristics that tungsten is not easily corroded and damaged as the cathode, but also uses molybdenum that is easier to process, weld and conduct electricity than tungsten. For better performance, the metal liquid surface forming groove, the fixed horizontal side and the molybdenum conductive bar for introducing current are constructed and processed.

Technical solution:

The cathode of the liquid cathode rare earth molten salt electrolytic cell of the present invention comprises structures such as a tungsten inner lining, a molybdenum outer wall, an intercepting plate, a molybdenum curved plug, and a molybdenum thickened plate.

The tungsten lining is a rolled tungsten plate with a thickness of 1-6mm, which is processed into a groove shape with no seals at both ends. The rolled tungsten plate with a thickness of 1-6mm is conducive to deformation processing. If it is not used in the processing process, it will cause grains inside the tungsten plate. The growing process can improve the life of the tungsten lining; the molybdenum outer lining is a molybdenum plate with a thickness of 2-10mm, which is processed into a groove shape with no seals at both ends, and the two side plates are respectively made 10-50mm wide. Side, the horizontal sides of the two side plates are wedged into the insulating plate at the bottom of the electrolytic cell to fix the cathode, the inside of the molybdenum outer wall and the tungsten lining are closely fitted together, riveted together by several rivets at the top of the groove, the molybdenum outer wall One end of the molybdenum curved plug is welded together to form a rectangular tank with one end open, and the other end is welded with a 5-10mm intercepting plate. The long side of the molybdenum curved plug is the current introduction end, and the long side is made of molybdenum Thickened plates are riveted or welded together to increase the conductive cross-section. The thickness of the tungsten plate and molybdenum plate is because the material has a high melting point and is very brittle, and the plate processing plant that is too thick cannot be deformed and welded.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention

Fig. 2 is the Z direction view of the present invention

Figure 3 is the A-A direction view of Figure 2

Detailed ways

Example 1

The tungsten inner lining is 1mm thick rolled tungsten plate, which is processed into a groove-shaped groove with an outer width of 106mm, an outer height of 50mm, and a length of 300mm; the molybdenum outer lining is a 10mm thick molybdenum plate, which is processed into two unsealed The groove shape is 106mm wide, 45mm high, and 303mm long, and the two side plates are respectively made with 10mm wide horizontal sides; at a distance of 35mm from the bottom of the molybdenum outer lining, the tungsten groove and the molybdenum metal rivet are connected by Φ3mm niobium metal rivets. The grooves are riveted together, and one end of the molybdenum groove is welded together with the molybdenum curved plug to form a rectangular groove with one end open. One end is riveted with a 6mm thick and 110mm wide molybdenum plate to increase the conductive section; the other end of the tungsten-molybdenum composite tank is spot-welded with a tungsten retention plate with a height of 5mm. When in use, the bottom insulating plate is a groove with a width of 112mm and a height of 60mm, and a groove with a cross-section of 12×4mm along the groove, and the horizontal edge on the cathode is wedged into the groove to fix the cathode.

Example 2

The tungsten inner lining is 6mm thick rolled tungsten plate, which is processed into a groove-shaped groove with an outer width of 200mm, an outer height of 30mm, and a length of 600mm; the molybdenum outer lining is a 5mm thick molybdenum plate, which is processed into two unsealed The groove shape is 200mm wide, 25mm high, and 605mm long, and the two side plates are respectively made with 30mm wide horizontal sides; at a place 20mm away from the bottom of the molybdenum outer lining, use Φ3mm niobium metal rivets to connect the tungsten groove and molybdenum The grooves are riveted together, and one end of the molybdenum groove is welded together with the molybdenum curved plug to form a rectangular groove with one end open. One end is riveted with a 6mm thick and 110mm wide molybdenum plate to increase the conductive section; the other end of the tungsten-molybdenum composite tank is spot-welded with a tungsten retention plate with a height of 5mm. When in use, the bottom insulating plate is a groove with a width of 220mm and a height of 30mm, and a groove with a section of 15×6mm along the groove, and the horizontal edge on the cathode is wedged into the groove to fix the cathode.

Example 3

The tungsten inner lining is 4mm thick rolled tungsten plate, which is processed into a groove-shaped groove with an outer width of 200mm, an outer height of 30mm, and a length of 600mm; the molybdenum outer lining is a 6mm thick molybdenum plate, which is processed into two unsealed The groove shape is 200mm wide, 25mm high, and 605mm long, and the two side plates are respectively made with 30mm wide horizontal sides; at a place 20mm away from the bottom of the molybdenum outer lining, use Φ3mm niobium metal rivets to connect the tungsten groove and molybdenum The grooves are riveted together, and one end of the molybdenum groove is welded together with the molybdenum curved plug to form a rectangular groove with one end open. One end is riveted with a 6mm thick and 110mm wide molybdenum plate to increase the conductive section; the other end of the tungsten-molybdenum composite tank is spot-welded with a tungsten retention plate with a height of 5mm. When in use, the bottom insulating plate is a groove with a width of 220mm and a height of 30mm, and a groove with a section of 15×6mm along the groove, and the horizontal edge on the cathode is wedged into the groove to fix the cathode.

Claims (7)

1. the negative electrode of negative electrode rare earth molten-salt electrolysis groove under the liquid state is characterized in that negative electrode mainly is made up of tungsten liner and molybdenum outer wall.

2. according to the negative electrode of negative electrode rare earth molten-salt electrolysis groove under claims 1 described a kind of liquid state, it is characterized in that: negative electrode also comprises: hold back plate (3), the curved plug of molybdenum (4), molybdenum thickening plate (5).

3. according to the negative electrode of negative electrode rare earth molten-salt electrolysis groove under claims 1 or the 2 described a kind of liquid state, it is characterized in that: said tungsten liner (1) is that the rolling tungsten plate of rectangle of 1～6mm is processed by thickness, and to bend to the cross section through processing be groove shape.

4. the negative electrode of negative electrode rare earth molten-salt electrolysis groove under claims 2 or the 3 described a kind of liquid state; It is characterized in that: said molybdenum outer wall (2) is the thick molybdenum plate of 2～10mm; Do not have the groove shape of sealing through being processed into two, two side plates are made the wide horizontal sides of 10～50mm respectively, and horizontal sides is wedged in the bottom of electrolytic tank insulcrete with fixed negative pole; Molybdenum outer wall (2) is inner to fit tightly with tungsten liner (1); In the groove top position together through some closing-ups, an end of molybdenum outer wall (2) and the curved plug of molybdenum (4) weld together the rectangle cell body of an end opening, the other end is burn-on and is held back plate (3).

5. the negative electrode of negative electrode rare earth molten-salt electrolysis groove under claims 4 described a kind of liquid state is characterized in that: the curved plug of said molybdenum (4) is riveted with molybdenum thickening plate (5) or is welded together.

6. according to the negative electrode of negative electrode rare earth molten-salt electrolysis groove under claims 4 or the 5 described liquid state, it is characterized in that: the described height of holding back plate (3) is lower than the curved plug of tungsten liner (1) molybdenum (4) and is convenient to metal from holding back plate (3) one side inflows to metal collectors.

7. according to the negative electrode of negative electrode rare earth molten-salt electrolysis groove under claims 5 described liquid state, it is characterized in that: described molybdenum thickening plate (5) is reinforced along the long side direction of the curved plug of molybdenum (4).

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