UA84460U - magnesium chloride electrolysis apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of magnesium chloride electrolysis, and specifically a magnesium chloride electrolysis apparatus is disclosed, comprising a magnesium chloride electrolysis bath, and one or more independent carbon electrodes (4) evenly inserted in an electrolysis chamber formed between a single set of negative electrode (2) and positive electrode (3) of the magnesium chloride electrolysis bath. By using the electrolysis apparatus of the present invention, the effective utilization of the space in the electrolysis bath can be improved, and the investment for the aluminum bus, the electrolysis bath and the workshop can be greatly reduced.

Description

This application was filed with the Chinese Patent Office on January 7, 2011. Application number: 201120006256. 4. Name of useful model: unit for electrolysis of magnesium chloride.

Field of technology

The utility model belongs to the field of electrolysis of magnesium chloride, in particular, to the unit for the electrolysis of magnesium chloride to obtain magnesium.

Technical level

Magnesium is an environmentally friendly material of the 21st century, with its excellent properties it is widely used in the field of aviation, space, transport, electronic communication, and it is also used as a metal reducing agent, which is why many countries pay increased attention to it. The development and application of magnesium alloys has also become one of the key areas of development of new materials, causing widespread interest in the production of magnesium.

The methods for obtaining metallic magnesium are mainly based on two technologies: electrolysis of molten salts and thermal recovery of metals, among them, the technology of electrolysis of molten salts is widely used at titanium-magnesium plants. Currently, domestic enterprises use traditionally diaphragm and diaphragmless unipolar electrolyzers.

The basis of their design is that groups of cathodes and anodes are installed in one row in one electrolyzer, each pair of cathode and anode forms one electrolytic cell, the connection between all cells in one electrolyzer is parallel. Molten Masi-Xi-sasi salt is heated to 700 "С, in which 10 95-20 90 mass of magnesium chloride occupies 10 95-20 90 mass in the electrolyzer, then a direct current is applied and electrolysis is carried out. Liquid magnesium is formed at the cathodes, chlorine gas - at the anodes. Since the density of magnesium metal is lower than that of molten salt, the formed magnesium metal will float on the liquid and be pumped out.The chlorine gas comes to the surface of the electrolyte and is discharged by the chlorine compressor.

Increasing the productivity of such a unipolar electrolyzer is carried out by increasing the capacity of the electrolyzer and the number of pairs of cathodes and anodes in one electrolyzer. However, the number of pairs of cathodes and anodes in the electrolyzer cannot be excessive, otherwise the heat balance will not be maintained during electrolysis. Such a unipolar electrolyzer has low productivity (usually 1 ton of magnesium/day), low current output and high electricity consumption (15,000-17,000 kWh/t Mo), a low coefficient of efficient use of the electrolyzer capacity, which leads to high costs for bus lines , electrolyzers and industrial premises of enterprises with a high cost of production.

The closest analog for the declared useful model is the unit for the electrolysis of magnesium chloride, which is disclosed in document Mo CM102534688А. In said document, a diaphragmless magnesium electrolyzer is disclosed, and said diaphragmless magnesium electrolyzer includes a tank, and several cathodes and anodes are installed alternately in the tank. Said diaphragmless magnesium electrolyser has a disadvantage because a single groove leads to low performance. Accordingly, this useful model offers electrolysis in a magnesium chloride plant, which is obtained by solving the above problems.

Description of the utility model

The purpose of the utility model: The utility model is a magnesium chloride electrolysis unit with high productivity per electrolyzer and low power consumption.

The technological version of this useful model is as follows:

The unit for the electrolysis of magnesium chloride includes an electrolyzer for magnesium chloride, one or more carbon separate and independent electrodes installed in an electrolytic cell formed between cathodes and anodes.

The distance between independent electrodes, between independent electrode and anode, between independent electrode and cathode is more than 4.5 mm.

The distance between independent electrodes, between independent electrode and anode, between independent electrode and cathode is more than 5.5 mm.

The distance between independent electrodes, between independent electrode and anode, between independent electrode and cathode is 4.5-5.5 mm.

The number of independent electrodes installed in the electrolytic cell formed between cathodes and anodes is 1-5.

A hermetic cover is installed on top of the electrolyzer.

The advantages of this useful model are as follows:

With the use of this unit, with a single current strength, it is possible to increase the actual coefficient of use of the space of electrolyzers, significantly increase the productivity of one electrolyzer, reduce the costs of aluminum busbars, electrolyzers and the industrial site of the enterprise.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 presents a design scheme, cross-sections of this utility model based on embodiment 1;

Fig. 2 presents a design scheme, cross-sections of this useful model based on example implementation 2;

Fig. C represents the design scheme, cross-sections of this useful model based on example implementation 3;

Fig. 4 represents a design scheme, cross-sections of this utility model based on example implementation 4;

Fig. 5 presents a design scheme, cross-sections of this utility model based on example implementation 5;

The marks in the figures mean: 1. DC power supply, 2. Cathode, 3. Anode, 4. Independent electrode, 5. Hermetic cover.

Ways to implement a useful model (detailed description)

In the next part, a comparison is made with the drawing and further explanations are given for this useful model. 1 Example of implementation 1

See fig. 1. 12 pairs of cathodes (2) and anodes (3) are installed in an electrolyzer with dimensions of 6000 m (l) 74500 m (w) "3830 m (h), and a hermetic cover (5) is installed on top of the electrolyzer. 2 blocks of carbon separate and independent electrodes (4) between the pair of cathode and anode.

The distance between the cathode (2) and the independent electrode (4), between the anode (3) and the independent electrode (4), between the independent electrodes (4) is 5 mm. The DC voltage between the cathode (2) and the anode (3) is 10V. The current strength of the electrolyzer is 165kKA. The temperature of electrolysis is 653 "C. The cathode (2) and anode (3) are connected to a direct current supply (1), with the use of such a unit, the following economic indicators were obtained: the average productivity of one electrolyzer, magnesium metal, - 2.8 t /d; energy consumption, -11,000 kWh/t. 2 Example of implementation 2

See fig. 2. 12 pairs of cathodes (2) and anodes (3) are installed in the electrolyzer with the dimensions b00Ω (d) "4500m (w)" 3830Ω (in), a hermetic cover (5) is installed on top of the electrolyzer. 1 separate and independent carbon electrode (4) is equidistantly installed between the pair of cathode and anode. The distance between the cathode (2) and the independent electrode (4), between the anode (3) and the independent electrode (4), between the independent electrodes (4) is 4.5 mm. The DC voltage between the cathode (2) and the anode (3) is 12V. The current of the electrolyzer is 190 kA. The electrolysis temperature is 657 "C. The cathode (2) and anode (3) are connected to the DC power supply (1).

C An example of implementation of C

See fig. 3. 12 pairs of cathodes (2) and anodes (3) are installed in the electrolyzer with the dimensions b00Ω (d) "4500m (w)" 3830Ω (in), a sealed cover (5) is installed on top of the electrolyzer. Separate and independent carbon electrodes (4) are equidistantly installed between the pair of cathode and anode. The distance between the cathode (2) and the independent electrode (4), between the anode (3) and the independent electrode (4), between the independent electrodes (4) is 5.5 mm. The direct current voltage between the cathode (2) and the anode (3) is 118. The current of the electrolyzer is 170 kA. The electrolysis temperature is 654 "C. The cathode (2) and anode (3) are connected to the DC power supply (1). 4 Implementation example 4

See fig. 4. 12 pairs of cathodes (2) and anodes (3) are installed in the electrolyzer with the dimensions b00Ω (d) "4500m (w)" 3830Ω (in), a sealed cover (5) is installed on top of the electrolyzer. 4 separate and independent carbon electrodes (4) are equidistantly installed between the pair of cathode and anode. The distance between the cathode (2) and the independent electrode (4), between the anode (3) and the independent electrode (4), between the independent electrodes (4) is 5.5 mm. The direct current voltage between the cathode (2) and the anode (3) is 118. The current of the electrolyzer is 180 kA. The electrolysis temperature is 655 "C. The cathode (2) and anode (3) are connected to the DC power supply (1).

Implementation example 5

See fig. 5. 12 pairs of cathodes (2) and anodes (3) are installed in the electrolyzer with dimensions 6b00Ω (d) "4500m (w)" 3830m (h), and a hermetic cover (5) is installed on top of the electrolyzer. 5 blocks of separate and independent carbon electrodes (4) are equidistantly installed between the pair of cathode and anode.

The distance between the cathode (2) and the independent electrode (4), between the anode (3) and the independent electrode (4), between the independent electrodes (4) is 5.5 mm. The DC voltage between the cathode (2) and the anode (3) is 118. The current of the electrolyzer is 185 kA. The electrolysis temperature is 656 "С.

Cathode (2) and anode (3) are connected to the DC power supply (1).

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Claims (6)

1. A unit for the electrolysis of magnesium chloride, which differs in that it contains a magnesium chloride electrolyzer, one or more carbon separate and independent electrodes installed in an electrolytic cell formed between cathodes and anodes. 2. Unit for electrolysis of magnesium chloride according to claim 1, which is characterized by the fact that the distance between independent electrodes, between independent electrode and anode, between independent electrode and cathode is at least 4.5 mm. 3. Unit for magnesium chloride electrolysis according to claim 2, which is characterized by the fact that the distance between independent electrodes, between independent electrode and anode, between independent electrode and cathode is at least 5.5 mm. 4. The unit for magnesium chloride electrolysis according to claim 2, which differs in that the distance between independent electrodes, between independent electrode and anode, between independent electrode and cathode is 4.5-5.5 MM. 5. Unit for electrolysis of magnesium chloride according to claims 1-3, which differs in that the number of independent electrodes installed in the electrolytic cell formed between cathodes and anodes is 1-5. 6. Unit for magnesium chloride electrolysis according to claim 4, which is characterized by the fact that a hermetic cover is installed on top of the electrolyzer.