Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a high efficiency LED driving circuit, which only uses one power switch; selectively outputting current according to the numerical relation between the input voltage and the driving voltage; when the input voltage is higher, no current is output; when the input voltage is small, a certain current is output to drive the LED device.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a high efficiency LED driving method for driving an LED device includes:
receiving an alternating current input voltage, and detecting to obtain an absolute value of the alternating current input voltage;
a power switch receives a direct current bus voltage and generates a driving voltage and a driving current to drive the LED device; the direct current bus voltage is obtained by rectifying the alternating current input voltage;
generating a variable first reference voltage according to a present driving current and a desired driving current of the LED device;
sampling a driving voltage of the LED device;
comparing the absolute value of the AC input voltage with the sum of the drive voltage and the first reference voltage;
turning off the power switch when the absolute value of the alternating current input voltage is greater than the sum of the driving voltage and a first reference voltage;
when the absolute value of the alternating current input voltage is larger than the driving voltage and smaller than the sum of the driving voltage and a first reference voltage, the power switch is switched on to generate an output current; the average value of the output current matches the desired drive current.
Further, the generating of the first reference voltage further includes:
sampling the current driving current of the LED device;
calculating an error between the present drive current and the desired drive current to obtain an error control signal;
when the present drive current is less than the desired drive current, the error control signal adjusts the first reference voltage to increase the first reference voltage;
the error control signal adjusts the first reference voltage to decrease the first reference voltage when the present drive current is greater than the desired drive current.
Preferably, the generating of the first reference voltage includes:
controlling a controllable current source according to the error control signal;
and charging a resistor by using the controllable current source, so that the voltage at two ends of the resistor is used as the first reference voltage.
Preferably, the LED driving method further includes limiting a conduction current of the power switch.
Preferably, the LED driving method includes shaping a waveform of an on-current of the power switch.
A high efficiency LED driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a power switch for receiving an AC input voltage and generating a driving voltage and a driving current to drive an LED device, including,
the alternating voltage detection circuit is used for receiving the alternating input voltage and obtaining the absolute value of the alternating input voltage;
a feedback control circuit for generating a variable first reference voltage based on the received drive current and a desired drive current for the LED device;
the first comparison circuit is respectively connected with the alternating current voltage detection circuit and the feedback control circuit and is used for comparing the absolute value of the received alternating current input voltage with the sum of the first reference voltage and the driving voltage;
a first power end of the power switch receives a direct-current bus voltage, and the direct-current bus voltage is obtained by rectifying the alternating-current input voltage through a rectifier bridge; the second power end is connected to an output capacitor; the control end is connected to the first comparison circuit;
when the absolute value of the alternating-current input voltage is larger than the sum of the driving voltage and the first reference voltage, the first comparison circuit controls the power switch to be switched off;
when the absolute value of the alternating-current input voltage is larger than the driving voltage and smaller than the sum of the driving voltage and the first reference voltage, the first comparison circuit controls the power switch to be conducted, so that an output current is generated, and the average value of the output current is ensured to be matched with the expected driving current.
Preferably, the feedback control circuit comprises a detection circuit, an error amplifier and a first reference voltage generation circuit; wherein,
the detection circuit is connected between an output capacitor and the LED device in series to sample the current driving current;
the error amplifier is used for calculating the error between the received current driving current and the expected driving current so as to obtain an error control signal;
the first reference voltage generating circuit correspondingly generates the changed first reference voltage according to the received error control signal, and inputs the changed first reference voltage and the driving voltage to the first comparison circuit after being superposed.
Preferably, the first reference voltage generating circuit comprises a controllable current source and a resistor;
the error control signal is input to the controllable current source to control the output current of the controllable current source; the voltage of the output current of the controllable current source on a resistor is used as the first reference voltage.
Preferably, the LED driving circuit further includes a current limiting circuit connected between the power switch and the rectifier bridge to limit the on-current of the power switch.
Preferably, the LED driving circuit further includes a waveform shaping circuit connected between the power switch and the rectifier bridge to shape a waveform of the on-current of the power switch to reduce a harmonic component thereof.
According to the high-efficiency LED driving circuit and the driving method disclosed by the invention, the current is selectively output according to the numerical relation between the input voltage and the driving voltage so as to realize the maximum working efficiency; meanwhile, the main circuit has a relatively simple structure, does not need a complex electromagnetic interference filtering circuit any more, and has relatively better optimized size and cost.
Detailed Description
Several preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to only these embodiments. The invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and alternatives that may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention. In the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
The following describes an implementation of the LED driving circuit according to the present invention in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 2A, a schematic block diagram of a high efficiency LED driving circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown. In this embodiment, the LED driving circuit includes a power switch SMOutput capacitance CoutA first comparison circuit 201, a feedback control circuit 202, and an input ac voltage detection circuit 203; wherein,
the power switch SMThe first power terminal is coupled to the DC bus voltage VbusA first terminal (input voltage), a second power terminal coupled to a first terminal of an LED device, the DC bus voltage VbusThe voltage is obtained by rectifying an input alternating voltage through a rectifier bridge;
the output capacitor CoutConnected in parallel with the LED arrangement and having a first end coupled to a power switch SMA second terminal coupled to the dc bus voltage VbusA second end of (a);
the input ac voltage detection circuit 203 is used for receiving an input ac voltage and obtaining an absolute value V of the input ac voltageab;
The feedback control circuit 202 receives a driving current I representing the current LED deviceLEDFirst control signal IsenseAnd a second reference voltage V characterizing the desired drive currentref2To generate the adjustable first reference voltage Vref1;
A first input terminal of the first comparing circuit 201 is connected to the ac input voltage detecting circuit 203 to receive the absolute value V of the ac input voltageabA second input terminal for receiving the driving voltage V of the LED deviceLEDAnd the first reference voltage Vref1The sum of (1); an output terminal of the first comparing circuit 201 is coupled to the power switch SMTo utilize the driving signal VdriveControlling the power switch SMThe state of (1);
when the absolute value of the AC input voltageVabGreater than the drive voltage VLEDAnd said first reference voltage Vref1When the voltage is summed, the first comparison circuit 201 controls the power switch SMTurning off;
when the absolute value of the AC input voltage is greater than the driving voltage VLEDBut less than said driving voltage VLEDAnd said first reference voltage Vref1When sum is over, the power switch S is turned onMThereby generating an output current IoutAnd to ensure that the average value of the output current matches the desired drive current.
The following describes the operation of the LED driving circuit shown in fig. 2A according to the present invention in detail with reference to the waveform diagram of the operation of the LED driving circuit shown in fig. 2A shown in fig. 2B.
When the absolute value V of the AC input voltageabGreater than the drive voltage VLEDAnd said first reference voltage Vref1When the voltage is summed, the first comparison circuit 201 controls the power switch SMOff, no output current;
when the absolute value V of the AC input voltageabGreater than the drive voltage VLEDBut less than said driving voltage VLEDAnd said first reference voltage Vref1When sum is over, the power switch S is turned onMTo generate a certain output current Iout(ii) a Within half working period T/2, the current I is outputoutOf 2 x t1(ii) a Since the adjustable first reference voltage characterizes the difference between the current LED drive current and the desired drive current, the first reference voltage V is adjusted byref1Adjustment of the value, ensuring power switch SMOutput current I ofoutThe average value of (d) matches the desired drive current.
When the DC bus voltage VbusIs less than the driving voltage VLEDWhen the LED drive circuit does not work, namely the power switch S at the momentMIs zero.
With the LED driving circuit according to the present invention shown in fig. 2A, when the dc bus voltage, i.e., the input voltage, is small, the power switch SMOutputting a certain output current within a certain time interval; since the time interval represents the difference between the current LED driving current and the desired driving current, it can be ensured that the average value of the output current matches the required driving current to meet the requirements for driving the LED device; and when the direct current bus voltage is larger, the power switch is turned off, so that the working efficiency is greatly improved compared with the LED driver adopting a linear regulator in the prior art.
For example, assume that the driving voltage V of the LED deviceLED120V, peak value V of dc bus voltagepkThe driving current of the LED device is I (240V)LED=100mA;
Then for the LED driver using the linear regulator (as shown in fig. 1A), the working efficiency is:
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for the LED driving circuit using the LED driving method of the present invention, assuming that the first reference voltage has a value of 2.4V, the driving current I is setLEDCan be approximately expressed as:
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i.e. so as to drive the current ILEDCan be approximately expressed as:
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input power PinCan be approximately expressed as:
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therefore, the LED driving circuit adopting the LED driving method of the invention has the working efficiency as follows:
η2=VLED×ILED/Pin=VLED/(VLED+Vref1/2)≈99% (5)
due to the first reference voltage Vref1Relative to the drive voltage VLEDThe value of (c) is small and therefore negligible, so that the operating efficiency can be approximately up to 100%, obtaining an efficiency much higher than that of the LED driving methods of the prior art.
Optimally, in order to prevent the conducting current of the power switch from being too large, the power switch S can be arrangedMAnd a current limiting circuit is connected in series between the rectifier bridge and the power switch so as to limit the conducting current of the power switch.
Optimally, in order to reduce harmonic components in the on-current of the power switch, it is possible to reduce harmonic components in the power switch SMAnd a waveform shaping circuit is connected in series between the rectifier bridge and the power switch to shape the waveform of the conduction current of the power switch.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the current limiting circuit and the waveform shaping circuit may be any suitable circuit configuration.
With the LED driving circuit shown in FIG. 2A, the power switch S is adoptedMCan be a MOSFET transistor or other suitable switching tube; the feedback control circuit 303 may be any suitable form of control circuit structure.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic block diagram of an LED driving circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown. On the basis of the LED driving circuit shown in fig. 2A, in this embodiment, the LED driving circuit includes a power switch SMOutput capacitance CoutA first comparison circuit 201, a feedback control circuit 302, and an input ac voltage detection circuit 203; the feedback control circuit 302 includes a detection circuit 305, an error amplifier 301, and a first reference voltage generation circuit 306 composed of a controllable current source 303 and a resistor 304.
The detection circuit 305 is connected in series to an output capacitor CoutAnd the LED device to obtain a current sampling signal V representing the current driving current informationsense;
The error amplifier 301 has a first input terminal connected to the detection circuit 305 and a second input terminal receiving a second reference voltage Vref2And said drive voltage VLEDSum of said second reference voltage Vref2Characterizing a desired output current of the LED device; the error amplifier 301 is used for calculating the current sampling signal and a second reference voltage Vref2And a driving voltage VLEDAnd the error between the values to obtain an error control signal V indicative of the difference between the present drive current and the desired drive currenterror;
The error control signal VerrorIs input to the controllable current source 303 to control the output current of the controllable current source 303; the voltage of the output current of the controllable current source 303 over the resistor 304 is taken as the first reference voltage Vref1And with said drive voltage VLEDAfter superposition (FIG. 3), outputTo the first comparison circuit 201.
The working process is as follows:
when the absolute value V of the AC input voltageabGreater than the drive voltage VLEDAnd said first reference voltage Vref1When the voltage is summed, the first comparison circuit 201 controls the power switch SMOff, no output current; namely, when the input voltage is larger, no output current exists, and no power loss is generated;
when the absolute value V of the AC input voltageabGreater than the drive voltage VLEDBut less than said driving voltage VLEDAnd said first reference voltage Vref1When the voltage V is summed, the voltage V at the A end of the detection circuit is calculatedAVoltage V between B terminalBAnd a driving voltage VLEDError between the sum of (1);
when V isA>VB+Vref2The error control signal V output by the error amplifier 301 is equal to or greater than the desired drive currenterrorDecreasing, the output current of the controllable current source 303 decreases accordingly, and thus the voltage drop over the resistor 304 decreases, i.e. the first reference voltage Vref1Decrease; time interval t of power switch capable of generating output current1Decreasing, thereby decreasing the average value of the output current, i.e. decreasing the drive current;
when V isA<VB+Vref2The error control signal V output by the error amplifier 301 is equal to or greater than the desired drive currenterrorThe output current of the controllable current source 303 increases correspondingly, so that the voltage drop over the resistor 304 increases, i.e. the first reference voltage Vref1Increasing; time interval t of power switch capable of generating output current1Increasing, thereby increasing the average value of the output current, i.e. increasing the drive current; since the adjustable first reference voltage characterizes the difference between the current LED drive current and the desired drive current, the first reference voltage V is adjusted byref1Adjustment of value, guaranteed powerOutput current I of the switchoutThe average value of (d) matches the desired drive current.
With the LED driving circuit according to the present invention shown in fig. 3, the detection circuit 305 may be a resistor or other components or circuit modules that may have similar functions; power switch SMCan be a MOSFET transistor or other suitable switching tube; the first reference voltage generating circuit 306 may alternatively be any other suitable form of adjustable voltage generating circuit.
The high efficiency LED driving method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Referring to fig. 4, a flow chart of a high efficiency LED driving method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown. In this embodiment, the LED driving method according to the present invention includes the steps of:
s401: receiving an alternating current input voltage, and detecting to obtain an absolute value of the alternating current input voltage;
s402: a power switch receives a DC bus voltage and generates a driving voltage and a driving current to drive an LED device;
the direct current bus voltage is obtained by rectifying the alternating current input voltage;
s403: generating a first reference voltage according to the present driving current and a desired driving current of the LED device;
s404: sampling a driving voltage of the LED device;
s405: comparing the absolute value of the AC input voltage with the sum of the drive voltage and the first reference voltage;
s406: turning off the power switch when the absolute value of the alternating current input voltage is greater than the sum of the driving voltage and a first reference voltage;
s407: when the absolute value of the alternating current input voltage is larger than the driving voltage and smaller than the sum of the driving voltage and a first reference voltage, the power switch is switched on to generate an output current;
the average value of the output current matches the desired drive current.
Wherein the adjusting of the first reference voltage comprises:
sampling the current driving current of the LED device;
calculating an error between the present drive current and the desired drive current to obtain an error control signal;
when the present drive current is less than the desired drive current, the error control signal adjusts the first reference voltage to increase the first reference voltage;
the error control signal adjusts the first reference voltage to decrease the first reference voltage when the present drive current is greater than the desired drive current.
Preferably, the step of detecting the present driving current comprises:
sampling the current driving current by using a detection circuit to obtain a current sampling signal;
calculating an error between the current sample signal and a sum of a second reference voltage characterizing a desired drive current and a present drive voltage to obtain the error control signal.
Optimally, the adjusting step of the first reference voltage comprises the following steps:
controlling a controllable current source according to the error control signal;
and charging a resistor by using the controllable current source, so that the voltage at two ends of the resistor is used as the first reference voltage.
Preferably, in order to prevent the conduction current of the power switch from being too large, the conduction current of the power switch may be limited.
Optimally, in order to reduce harmonic components in the on-current of the power switch, the waveform of the on-current of the power switch can be shaped.
By the LED driving method, when the direct current bus voltage, namely the input voltage, is small, the power switch outputs a certain output current within a certain time interval; the length of the time interval is adjusted to ensure that the average value of the output current is matched with the required driving current so as to meet the requirement of driving the LED device; and when the direct current bus voltage is larger, the power switch is turned off, so that the working efficiency is greatly improved compared with the LED driver adopting a linear regulator in the prior art.
In summary, according to the high-efficiency LED driving circuit and the driving method disclosed by the present invention, the corresponding output current is selectively output according to the numerical relationship between the input voltage and the driving voltage, while the maximum working efficiency is obtained, the main circuit structure is relatively simple, and the size and the cost are relatively well optimized.
The high efficiency LED driving circuit and driving method according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention are described in detail above, and those skilled in the art can deduce that other techniques or structures, circuit layouts, elements, etc. can be applied to the embodiments.
While embodiments in accordance with the invention have been described above, these embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.