CN102489687A - Preparation method of gradient composite wear resistant material - Google Patents
Preparation method of gradient composite wear resistant material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102489687A CN102489687A CN2011104310925A CN201110431092A CN102489687A CN 102489687 A CN102489687 A CN 102489687A CN 2011104310925 A CN2011104310925 A CN 2011104310925A CN 201110431092 A CN201110431092 A CN 201110431092A CN 102489687 A CN102489687 A CN 102489687A
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Abstract
本发明公开一种梯度复合耐磨材料的制备方法，其特征在于经过下列各步骤：将金属元素粉分别填充在锥度型碳钢管中并压实，再将锥度碳钢管交错以网状放置于材料铸型型腔内至金属元素粉总量占耐磨材料总体积的20～50%，然后将熔化的基体金属浇入材料铸型型腔内至浇满为止，然后自然冷却至室温，即得到梯度复合耐磨材料。在基体金属的热作用下，基体金属液与金属元素粉发生冶金化合结合，同时使混合金属元素粉发生自蔓延反应生成高硬度、高抗磨相，制成以高韧性、高强度的金属为基体，内含一定数量的自蔓延生成耐磨相的梯度复合材料。制造的梯度复合耐磨材料能够同时承受高压和强烈磨损，具有使用寿命长、生产简单等特点。
The invention discloses a preparation method of a gradient composite wear-resistant material, which is characterized in that the following steps are performed: respectively filling metal element powder into tapered carbon steel pipes and compacting them, and then placing tapered carbon steel pipes on the material in a mesh shape. In the mold cavity until the total amount of metal element powder accounts for 20-50% of the total volume of the wear-resistant material, then pour the molten matrix metal into the material mold cavity until it is full, and then naturally cool to room temperature to obtain Gradient composite wear-resistant material. Under the heat action of the matrix metal, the matrix metal liquid and the metal element powder undergo metallurgical combination, and at the same time, the mixed metal element powder undergoes a self-propagating reaction to form a high-hardness, high-wear-resistant phase, which is made of a metal with high toughness and high strength. The matrix contains a certain amount of self-propagating gradient composite materials that generate wear-resistant phases. The manufactured gradient composite wear-resistant material can withstand high pressure and strong wear at the same time, and has the characteristics of long service life and simple production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of gradient composite abrasion resistance material, belong to technical field of metal wear.
Background technology
In industries such as steel, metallurgy, coal, building materials and electric power, the fragmentation of material, grinding, conveying transmission and lead very general of position transportation.Present material is broken, grind, carry transmission and lead in the transportation system, and what adopt mostly is that the metal parts that is processed into of steel is as carrier.Because the high temperature abrasion resistance of common iron is relatively poor, so the wearing and tearing of these parts in system are very serious, make its service life short, change frequent.Cause production cost very high, labor strength strengthens, and has a strong impact on the normal operation of each system.
Summary of the invention
To defective or the deficiency that above-mentioned prior art exists, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of gradient composite abrasion resistance material, realize through following technical proposal.
A kind of preparation method of gradient composite abrasion resistance material, following each step of process:
Be filled in the tapering type carbon steel pipe respectively the metallic element powder and compacting; Account for 20～50% of high-abrasive material cumulative volume with netted being positioned in the material casting mold die cavity to metallic element powder total amount with the tapering carbon steel pipe is staggered again; Then with the parent metal of fusing pour in the material casting mold die cavity to water full till; Naturally cool to room temperature then, promptly obtain the gradient composite abrasion resistance material.
Described metallic element powder be in titanium, zirconium, niobium, the vanadium powder a kind of or any several kinds with carbon dust and the iron powder mechanical alloying powder after by the required mixed of reality.
The order number of described elemental metalpowder is 100～300 orders.
The tapering of said tapering carbon pipe is 2～20 °, and outside diameter is 1～15mm, and wall thickness is 0.1～1mm.
Described parent metal is known iron and steel such as potassium steel, mild steel, steel alloy, grey cast-iron, spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
Said material casting mold is a wear resistance castings, like tup, cylinder, steel rolling guide plate.
In the process of cast and cooling; Molten metal liquid penetrates in the space of metallic element powder, and under the heat effect of parent metal, parent metal liquid with the metallic element powder metallurgical chemical combination takes place and combines; Make hybrid metal element powder generation self-propagating reaction generate high rigidity, high wear-resistant phase simultaneously; Processing with high tenacity, high-intensity metal is matrix, includes the gradient composite abrasion resistance material that spreading certainly of different gradients generates wear-resisting phase, is metallurgical between the metal dust in its tapering type carbon steel pipe and the parent metal and combines with spreading; Simultaneously, self-propagating reaction also takes place between the metal dust.
The composite abrasion resistance material that adopts this method to make; The hard that wherein contains high strength, high tough steel matrix and high temperature high-wearing feature mutually, this hard is the self-propagating reaction generation in matrix, and and metallic matrix between form metallurgical binding; Make the surface of wearing piece both have the high strength of steel matrix and the performance of high tenacity; The performances such as wearability that have the hard phase again make the wearing piece surface can bear the strong friction under high pressure and the high temperature simultaneously, can increase service life.
Gradient composite abrasion resistance material provided by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) owing to filled hybrid metal element powder in the tapering carbon steel pipe through mechanical alloying; Under the high temperature action of parent metal liquid, carbon steel fuses, and the molten metal casting is infiltered in the space of hybrid metal element powder; Cause parent metal liquid and hybrid metal element powder that metallurgical combination reaction takes place; Under the heat energy effect of parent metal liquid, lighted the self-propagating reaction of hybrid metal element powder and separated out the wear-resisting phase of a large amount of disperses simultaneously, made hybrid metal element powder generation self-propagating reaction generate high rigidity, high wear-resistant phase; Processing with high tenacity, high-intensity metal is matrix, includes the gradient composites that spreads the wear-resisting phase of generation certainly of some.Because the metallurgical binding of parent metal and hybrid metal element powder; Solve the interface and combined weak problem, from the wear-resisting phase that spreads generation, solved its anti-wear performance simultaneously; Realize combining of wearability and high tenacity, improved the overall performance of gradient composite abrasion resistance material; Gained gradient composite abrasion resistance material can bear high pressure and strong wear simultaneously, has long service life, produces characteristics such as simple;
(2) hybrid metal element powder can carry out proportioning according to the instructions for use of workpiece, and composition is adjustable, and the scope of application is wide;
(3) because the purity of hybrid metal element powder is higher, therefore can in the fusion process of setting, not produce be mingled with, defective such as pore;
(4) gradient composite molding technique controllability of the present invention is high, yield rate is high, the quality of production is stable, is convenient to large-scale production;
(5) wear-resistingly is that mutually self-propagating reaction generates, cracking phenomena of having avoided often occurring in the mechanical technical process such as compound and the Problem of Failure that comes off in the use;
(6), can regulate wear-resisting ratio and distribution situation in matrix according to the applying working condition of wearing piece;
(7), can realize zone, surface and whole compound according to the design feature of wearing piece.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment 1 gradient composite wear-resistant steel rolling guide plate;
Fig. 2 is the profile of the gradient composite abrasion resistance material part of embodiment 1 gradient composite wear-resistant steel rolling guide plate;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiment 2 gradient composite wear-resistant rollers;
Fig. 4 is the profile of the gradient composite abrasion resistance material part of embodiment 2 gradient composite wear-resistant rollers;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of embodiment 3 gradient composite wear-resistant hammerheads;
Fig. 6 is the profile of the gradient composite abrasion resistance material part of embodiment 3 gradient composite wear-resistant hammerheads;
Among the figure: 1,6,11 for being equipped with the tapering carbon steel pipe of mechanical alloying powder, and 2 is steel rolling guide template chamber, and 3 is steel rolling guide plate sand mold, and 4 is the steel rolling guide board substrate; 5 is the wear-resisting phase of steel rolling guide plate, and 7 is in the cylinder die cavity, and 8 is the cylinder sand mold; 9 is roller basal body, and 10 is the wear-resisting phase of cylinder, and 12 is the tup die cavity; 13 is the tup sand mold, and 14 is the tup matrix, and 15 is the wear-resisting phase of tup.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with concrete embodiment and accompanying drawing the present invention is done further description, but the scope that the present invention requires to protect is not limited to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Like Fig. 1 and 2; With the order number is that to be filled in tapering respectively be that 10 °, outside diameter are that 5mm, wall thickness are in the 0.5mm tapering type carbon steel pipe and compacting to 200 purpose metallic element powder; Wherein, the metallic element powder is that titanium valve and carbon dust and iron powder are by 2 ︰, 2 ︰, 6 mixed mechanical alloying powder; Account for 30% of high-abrasive material cumulative volume with netted being positioned in the steel rolling guide template chamber 2 of processing to metallic element powder total amount with tapering carbon steel pipe 1 is staggered again with the resin sand casting technique; To melt then reach 1560 ℃ potassium steel Mn13 pour in the steel rolling guide template chamber to water full till; Naturally cool to room temperature then, promptly obtain TiC and be wear-resisting phase 5, potassium steel is the gradient composite wear-resistant steel rolling guide plate of matrix 4.
Embodiment 2
Like Fig. 3 and 4; With the order number is that to be filled in tapering respectively be that 10 °, outside diameter are that 5mm, wall thickness are in the 0.5mm tapering type carbon steel pipe and compacting to 200 purpose metallic element powder; Wherein, the metallic element powder is that niobium powder and carbon dust and iron powder are by 3 ︰, 3 ︰, 4 mixed mechanical alloying powder; Be positioned in the cylinder die cavity of processing with the resin sand casting technique 7 and account for 20% of high-abrasive material cumulative volume to metallic element powder total amount with netted tapering carbon steel pipe 6 is staggered again; To melt then reach 1560 ℃ mild steel pour in the cylinder die cavity to water full till; Naturally cool to room temperature then, promptly obtain NbC and be wear-resisting phase 10, mild steel is the gradient composite wear-resistant roller of matrix 9.
Embodiment 3
Like Fig. 5 and 6; With the order number is that to be filled in tapering respectively be that 20 °, outside diameter are that 1mm, wall thickness are in the 1mm tapering type carbon steel pipe and compacting to 300 purpose metallic element powder; Wherein, the metallic element powder is the mechanical alloying powder that mixes by 4 ︰, 4 ︰ 2 with carbon dust and iron powder after zirconium, vanadium powder mix arbitrarily; Account for 50% of high-abrasive material cumulative volume with netted being positioned in the tup die cavity of processing with the resin sand casting technique 12 to metallic element powder total amount with tapering carbon steel pipe 11 is staggered again; Then with the steel alloy of fusing pour in the tup die cavity to water full till; Naturally cool to room temperature then, promptly obtain VC and ZrC and be wear-resisting mutually 15, steel alloy is the gradient composite wear-resistant hammerhead of matrix 14.
Embodiment 4
With the order number is that to be filled in tapering respectively be that 2 °, outside diameter are that 15mm, wall thickness are in the 0.1mm tapering type carbon steel pipe and compacting to 100 purpose metallic element powder; Wherein, the metallic element powder is that volume ratio is that the titanium, vanadium powder of 1 ︰ 1 mixes back and carbon dust and the iron powder mechanical alloying powder by 3 ︰, 1 ︰, 6 mixings; Account for 40% of high-abrasive material cumulative volume with netted being positioned in the steel rolling guide template chamber of processing to metallic element powder total amount with the tapering carbon steel pipe is staggered again with the resin sand casting technique; Then with the grey cast-iron of fusing pour in the steel rolling guide template chamber to water full till; Naturally cool to room temperature then, promptly obtain TiC and ZrC and be wear-resisting mutually, grey cast-iron is the gradient composite wear-resistant steel rolling guide plate of matrix.
Embodiment 5
With the order number be 200 purpose metallic element powder to be filled in tapering respectively be that 15 °, outside diameter are that 10mm, wall thickness are in the 0.8mm tapering type carbon steel pipe and compacting, wherein, the metallic element powder is that zirconium powder and carbon dust and iron powder are by 3 ︰, 2 ︰, 5 mixed mechanical alloying powder; Account for 20% of high-abrasive material cumulative volume with netted being positioned in the cylinder die cavity of processing with the resin sand casting technique to metallic element powder total amount with the tapering carbon steel pipe is staggered again; Then with the spheroidal graphite cast-iron of fusing pour in the cylinder die cavity to water full till; Naturally cool to room temperature then, promptly obtaining ZrC is that wear-resisting phase, spheroidal graphite cast-iron are the gradient composite wear-resistant roller of matrix.
Claims (6)
1. the preparation method of a gradient composite abrasion resistance material; It is characterized in that through following each step: be filled in the tapering type carbon steel pipe respectively the metallic element powder and compacting; Account for 20～50% of high-abrasive material cumulative volume with netted being positioned in the material casting mold die cavity to metallic element powder total amount with the tapering carbon steel pipe is staggered again; Then with the parent metal of fusing pour in the material casting mold die cavity to water full till, naturally cool to room temperature then, promptly obtain the gradient composite abrasion resistance material.
2. the preparation method of gradient composite abrasion resistance material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described metallic element powder be in titanium, zirconium, niobium, the vanadium powder a kind of or any several kinds with carbon dust and the iron powder mechanical alloying powder after by the required mixed of reality.
3. the preparation method of gradient composite abrasion resistance material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the order number of described elemental metalpowder is 100～300 orders.
4. the preparation method of gradient composite abrasion resistance material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the tapering of said tapering carbon pipe is 2～20 °, and outside diameter is 1～15mm, and wall thickness is 0.1～1mm.
5. the preparation method of gradient composite abrasion resistance material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described parent metal is known iron and steel such as potassium steel, mild steel, steel alloy, grey cast-iron, spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
6. the preparation method of gradient composite abrasion resistance material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said material casting mold is a wear resistance castings.
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Cited By (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103386460A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-11-13 | 河南科技大学 | Preparation technology for gradient composite wear-resistant conical liner plate |
| CN104264036A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-01-07 | 西安工业大学 | Functional gradient cast iron material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105817605A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-08-03 | 西华大学 | Functionally-graded wear-resistant iron-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113280022A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-08-20 | 清华大学 | Connecting joint of heterogeneous material gradient structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN113278899A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-20 | 西安理工大学 | Wear-resistant carbide composite material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103386460A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-11-13 | 河南科技大学 | Preparation technology for gradient composite wear-resistant conical liner plate |
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| CN104264036A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-01-07 | 西安工业大学 | Functional gradient cast iron material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105817605A (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2016-08-03 | 西华大学 | Functionally-graded wear-resistant iron-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113280022A (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2021-08-20 | 清华大学 | Connecting joint of heterogeneous material gradient structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN113280022B (en) * | 2021-04-15 | 2022-02-22 | 清华大学 | Connecting joint of heterogeneous material gradient structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN113278899A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-20 | 西安理工大学 | Wear-resistant carbide composite material and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120613 |