CN102457726A - Image coding integrated circuit and image coding data transmission method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明是关于一种影像编码集成电路及其影像编码资料传输方法;具体而言,本发明是关于一种以参考更多个参数调整位元率的方式来提高位元率控制效能的影像编码集成电路及其影像编码资料传输方法。The present invention relates to an image encoding integrated circuit and its image encoding data transmission method; specifically, the present invention relates to an image encoding that improves the bit rate control performance by adjusting the bit rate with reference to more parameters An integrated circuit and an image coding data transmission method thereof.
背景技术 Background technique
随着数码影像科技的蓬勃发展,各种数码影像装置例如网络摄像机(webcam)及数码照相机都不断地推陈出新,其市场竞争之激烈由时常举办的新产品发表会可见一斑。为了使其产品在竞争激烈的市场上脱颖而出,数码影像装置的厂商们无不竭力于改进其产品的功能及性能。在诸多相关技术中,影像压缩是其中最主要的一环,而对数码影像装置的性能有关键性的影响。With the vigorous development of digital imaging technology, various digital imaging devices such as webcams and digital cameras are constantly being introduced. The fierce competition in the market can be seen from the frequent new product release conferences. In order to make their products stand out in the fiercely competitive market, manufacturers of digital imaging devices are all striving to improve the functions and performances of their products. Among many related technologies, image compression is the most important part, and has a key influence on the performance of digital image devices.
图1为现有的影像编码集成电路的示意图。如图1所示,在一般采用H.264影像压缩标准的系统中,影像编码集成电路1中的影像感测控制器2将外部的影像感应器3所产生的影像信号转换成影像资料,并储存于外部存储器4。影像编码集成电路1中的熵编码(entropy encoding)器5自外部存储器4取得影像资料,并加以编码为影像编码资料。位元率监测器(bit ratemonitor)6连接于熵编码(entropy encoding)器5的输出端,一方面负责将影像资料传送至传输装置7以进行传输等处理,另一方面负责比较熵编码器5所产生的影像资料的数量与传输装置7所能处理的影像资料的数量之间的差异而据以产生包含量化参数(quantization parameter)的量化参数信息S。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional image coding integrated circuit. As shown in FIG. 1 , in a system that generally adopts the H.264 image compression standard, the
在H.264影像压缩标准中,位元率监测器6是利用视频缓存验证器(Video Buffer Verifier,VBV)来实现,位元率监测器6会将包含缓存被填满与否等信息的传输状态信息T回传给位元率控制器8,使位元率控制器8可加以参考而由此调整量化参数,并对熵编码器5发送包含此量化参数的量化参数信息S。熵编码器5输出影像编码资料的位元率随着量化参数的变化而改变,以调整熵编码器5输出影像编码资料的速率,使之配合传输装置7的处理速度。In the H.264 image compression standard, the
然而,目前以SoC(System-on-a-chip,晶片系统)的架构实现影像编码集成电路的做法正在日渐普及。在SoC架构中,由于在系统中整合了更多的软硬件元件的关系,原先仅通过参考位元率监测器6所产生的量化参数信息S来调整量化参数的做法显得明显不足。However, at present, the practice of implementing an image coding integrated circuit with an SoC (System-on-a-chip, system-on-a-chip) framework is becoming more and more popular. In the SoC architecture, due to the integration of more software and hardware components in the system, the original method of adjusting the quantization parameter only by referring to the quantization parameter information S generated by the
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种高解析度影像编码集成电路及其影像编码资料传输方法。相较于现有技术,其位元率的调整参考了更多个系统变数,使得位元率控制的效能因而被提高。An object of the present invention is to provide a high-resolution image encoding integrated circuit and an image encoding data transmission method thereof. Compared with the prior art, the adjustment of the bit rate refers to more system variables, so that the performance of the bit rate control is improved.
本发明的影像编码集成电路用于网络摄像机中,其中包含中央处理单元、影像感测控制单元、影像编码单元、位元率监测单元、位元率控制单元及传输单元。中央处理单元接收需求信息,并据以产生需求调整信息;影像感测控制单元接收影像信号并转换为影像资料,并据以产生感测状态信息;影像编码单元将影像资料转换为影像编码资料;位元率监测单元自影像编码单元接收影像编码资料而加以储存;位元率监测单元自影像编码单元接收影像编码资料而加以储存;传输单元输出自位元率监测单元接收的影像编码资料,并依据影像编码资料的传输状态产生传输状态信息。位元率监测单元依据传输单元接收影像编码资料的状态产生位元率信息,位元率控制单元依据需求调整信息、感测状态信息、传输状态信息及位元率信息至少其中之一产生量化参数信息。影像编码单元以特定的位元率传输影像编码资料,其中位元率是依据量化参数信息而调整。本发明的影像编码集成电路参考了更多的系统变数来调整影像编码单元的输出位元率,因而提高了位元率控制的效能。The image encoding integrated circuit of the present invention is used in a network camera, which includes a central processing unit, an image sensing control unit, an image encoding unit, a bit rate monitoring unit, a bit rate control unit and a transmission unit. The central processing unit receives the demand information, and generates demand adjustment information accordingly; the image sensing control unit receives the image signal and converts it into image data, and generates sensing status information accordingly; the image encoding unit converts the image data into image encoding data; The bit rate monitoring unit receives and stores the image encoding data from the image encoding unit; the bit rate monitoring unit receives and stores the image encoding data from the image encoding unit; the transmission unit outputs the image encoding data received from the bit rate monitoring unit, and Transmission status information is generated according to the transmission status of the image encoding data. The bit rate monitoring unit generates bit rate information according to the status of the image encoding data received by the transmission unit, and the bit rate control unit generates quantization parameters according to at least one of demand adjustment information, sensing status information, transmission status information and bit rate information information. The image encoding unit transmits image encoding data at a specific bit rate, wherein the bit rate is adjusted according to quantization parameter information. The video coding integrated circuit of the present invention refers to more system variables to adjust the output bit rate of the video coding unit, thereby improving the efficiency of bit rate control.
本发明的影像编码资料传输方法用于设置于网络摄像机中的影像编码集成电路,其中包含下列步骤:自外部主机接收需求信息,并依据需求信息产生需求调整信息;转换影像感测单元所产生的影像信号为影像资料,并依据影像信号产生感测状态信息;转换影像资料为影像编码资料,并以特定的位元率传输影像编码资料,其中位元率依据量化参数信息而调整;储存影像编码资料,并依据经储存的影像编码资料被接收的状态产生位元率信息;接收经储存的影像编码资料,将影像编码资料传输至外部主机,并依据影像编码资料的传输状态产生传输状态信息;依据需求调整信息、感测状态信息、位元率信息及传输状态信息至少其中之一产生量化参数信息。本发明的影像编码资料传输方法参考了更多的系统变数来调整编码集成电路的输出位元率,因而提高了位元率控制的效能。The image encoding data transmission method of the present invention is used in the image encoding integrated circuit installed in the network camera, which includes the following steps: receiving demand information from an external host, and generating demand adjustment information according to the demand information; converting the image generated by the image sensing unit The image signal is image data, and generates sensing state information according to the image signal; converts the image data into image code data, and transmits the image code data at a specific bit rate, wherein the bit rate is adjusted according to the quantization parameter information; stores the image code data, and generate bit rate information according to the received state of the stored image encoding data; receive the stored image encoding data, transmit the image encoding data to an external host, and generate transmission status information according to the transmission status of the image encoding data; Quantization parameter information is generated according to at least one of demand adjustment information, sensing state information, bit rate information, and transmission state information. The image encoding data transmission method of the present invention refers to more system variables to adjust the output bit rate of the encoding integrated circuit, thereby improving the efficiency of bit rate control.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为现有的影像编码集成电路的示意图;FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an existing image coding integrated circuit;
图2A为本发明影像编码集成电路的一实施例的示意图;FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an image coding integrated circuit of the present invention;
图2B为图2A所示影像编码集成电路传输信息的一实施例的示意图;FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the image coding integrated circuit shown in FIG. 2A for transmitting information;
图3A为图2A所示影像编码集成电路传输操作系统信息的一实施例的示意图;FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the image encoding integrated circuit shown in FIG. 2A transmitting operating system information;
图3B为图2A所示影像编码集成电路传输应用程序信息的一实施例的示意图;以及FIG. 3B is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of transmitting application program information by the image coding integrated circuit shown in FIG. 2A; and
图4为本发明影像编码资料传输方法的一实施例的流程图。FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an embodiment of an image encoding data transmission method of the present invention.
主要元件符号说明Description of main component symbols
100 像编码集成电路100 image coding integrated circuits
110 中央处理单元110 central processing unit
120 影像感测控制单元120 Image sensing control unit
130 影像编码单元130 image coding units
140 位元率监测单元140 bit rate monitoring unit
150 传输单元150 transfer units
160 位元率控制单元160 bit rate control unit
200 影像感应单元200 image sensor units
300 外部存储单元300 external storage units
400 外部主机400 external host
410 操作系统410 operating system
420 影像传输应用程序420 image transfer application
500 网络500 network
600 远端外部主机600 remote external host
D1 影像资料D 1 video data
D2 影像编码资料D 2 Image coding data
I1 需求信息I 1 demand information
I11 操作系统信息I 11 operating system information
I12 应用程序信息I 12 Application Information
I2 需求调整信息I 2 Demand Adjustment Information
I3 感测状态信息I 3 sense status information
I4 传输状态信息I 4 transmit status information
I5 位元率信息I 5 bit rate information
I6 量化参数信息I 6 Quantization parameter information
S1 影像信号S 1 video signal
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
本发明提供一种影像编码集成电路及其影像编码资料传输方法。在较佳实施例中,本发明的影像编码集成电路及其影像编码资料传输方法使用于利用高压缩率的数码视频编解码器标准(例如H.264等)进行视频编码的高解析度影像编码,其中影像编码资料传输方法用于影像编码集成电路。The invention provides an image encoding integrated circuit and an image encoding data transmission method thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the image encoding integrated circuit and image encoding data transmission method of the present invention are used for high-resolution image encoding using high-compression digital video codec standards (such as H.264, etc.) for video encoding , wherein the image coding data transmission method is used for image coding integrated circuits.
图2A为本发明影像编码集成电路的一实施例的示意图;图2B为图2A所示影像编码集成电路传输信息的一实施例的示意图。此影像编码集成电路较佳用于搭配个人电脑、笔记本电脑、电视机等装置使用的网络摄像机中。如图2A及图2B所示,此影像编码集成电路100包含中央处理单元110、影像感测控制单元120、影像编码单元130、位元率监测单元140、传输单元150及位元率控制单元160。中央处理单元110接收表示连接于影像编码集成电路100的外部装置等元件对影像编码单元130的输出位元率之需求的需求信息I1,并据以产生需求调整信息I2以输出至位元率控制单元160。影像感测控制单元120接收影像感应单元200所产生的影像信号S1,并以模拟转数码等方式将影像信号S1转换为影像资料D1而储存于外部存储单元300,且依据影像信号S1产生表示影像信号S1之状态的感测状态信息I3以输出至位元率控制单元160。影像编码单元130将自外部存储单元300取得的影像资料D1以压缩、编码等方式转换为影像编码资料D2。位元率监测单元140自影像编码单元130接收影像编码资料D2而加以储存,并依据传输单元150接收影像编码资料D2的状态产生位元率信息I5以输出至位元率控制单元160。在本实施例中,位元率监测单元140包含视频缓存验证器(Video BufferVerifier,VBV);然而在其他实施例中,可以包含其他种具备缓冲储存功能的装置。FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the image coding integrated circuit of the present invention; FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the image coding integrated circuit shown in FIG. 2A for transmitting information. The image coding integrated circuit is preferably used in network cameras used with devices such as personal computers, notebook computers, and televisions. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B , the image encoding integrated
传输单元150输出自位元率监测单元140接收的影像编码资料D2,并依据影像编码资料D2的传输状态产生传输状态信息I4以输出至位元率控制单元160。在本实施例中,传输单元150为通用序列汇流排(Universal SerialBus,USB)界面;然而在其他实施例中,可以采用其他类型的连接界面。位元率控制单元160依据需求调整信息I2、感测状态信息I3、传输状态信息I4与位元率信息I5至少其中之一产生量化参数信息I6,量化参数信息I6中包含量化参数。影像编码单元130以特定的位元率传输影像编码资料D2,其中该位元率是依据量化参数信息I6中的量化参数而调整。在本实施例中,加大量化参数会相应地降低影像编码单元130的位元率,减小量化参数则会相应地增加影像编码单元130的位元率;然而在其他实施例中,加大量化参数可相应地增加影像编码单元130的位元率,减小量化参数则可相应地降低影像编码单元130的位元率。本发明的影像编码集成电路参考了更多的系统变数来调整影像编码单元的输出位元率,因而提高了位元率控制的效能。The
由于影像感应单元200在低光源时会产生较多的杂讯,使得影像编码单元130相应地产生大量的资料,因此当影像感测控制单元120以分析自影像感应单元200接收的影像信号S1的内容等方式得知目前的画面亮度较低且杂讯量较大时,可通过感测状态信息I3使得位元率控制单元160得以预先加大量化参数信息I6中的量化参数以减少影像编码单元130的位元率,而不必等到位元率监测单元140察觉到影像编码单元130所产生的影像编码资料D2的数量大于传输单元150所能处理的数量时,再通过位元率信息I5使得位元率控制单元160加大量化参数信息I6中的量化参数以减少影像编码单元130的位元率。此种预先减少位元率的做法使得位元率控制单元160得以更有效地控制影像编码单元130的位元率,以配合传输单元150传输编码资料D2的速度。Since the
如图2A及图2B所示,在本实施例中,网络摄像机100的传输单元150连接至外部主机400,使得影像编码资料D2在传输至外部主机400以后,可通过连接于外部主机600的网络500传输至远端外部主机600。外部主机400可以是例如个人电脑、笔记型电脑等电子装置,网络500则可以是例如乙太网络(Ethernet)等电脑网络。当网络500的频宽减少而使得影像编码资料D2不能完整地传送时,以通用序列汇流排界面实现的传输单元150会察觉到。此时传输单元150除了通过需求信息I1通知中央处理单元110以外,同时也通过传输状态信息I4通知位元率控制单元160,以降低影像编码单元130的位元率,进而减少自传输单元150输出的影像编码资料D2的数量。因此在较佳实施例中,传输状态信息I4的产生除了参考影像编码资料D2于传输单元150与外部主机400之间的传输状态以外,还可以参考影像编码资料D2在网络500中的传输状态;然而在其他实施例中,可视需求仅参考其中之一者。As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B , in this embodiment, the
中央处理单元110经由传输单元150自外部主机400接收需求信息I1。需求信息I1包含操作系统信息I11及应用程序信息I1至少其中之一。图3A为图2A所示影像编码集成电路传输操作系统信息的一实施例的示意图。如图3A所示,当外部主机400的操作系统410得知目前外部主机400的中央处理器(Central Processing Unit,CPU)的运算资源已经被大量占用而没有多余的运算资源来处理高资料量的影像编码资料D2时,可以回传操作系统信息I11给影像编码集成电路100,使得位元率控制单元160得以加大量化参数信息I6中的量化参数以降低影像编码单元130的位元率。The
执行于外部主机400中的影像传输应用程序(例如Skype)可以根据当时的系统状态、网络频宽、使用者需求等因素而动态地设定影像编码集成电路100传输影像编码资料D2的速率。图3B为图2A所示影像编码集成电路传输应用程序信息的一实施例的示意图。如图3B所示,在影像传输应用程序420进行速率设定时,外部主机400可以相应地回传应用程序信息I12以告知位元率控制单元160,使得位元率控制单元160得以加大量化参数信息I6中的量化参数而减少影像编码单元130的位元率,或减小量化参数信息I6中的量化参数而增加影像编码单元130的位元率,以满足影像传输应用程序420对高传输速率或高画质等方面的需求。The image transmission application program (such as Skype) running in the
图4为本发明影像编码资料传输方法的一实施例的流程图。此影像编码资料传输方法较佳用于设置于网络摄像机中的影像编码集成电路。如图4所示,此影像编码集成电路所使用的影像编码资料传输方法包含下列步骤:步骤10自外部主机接收需求信息,并依据需求信息产生需求调整信息。需求信息表示连接于影像编码集成电路的外部装置等元件对影像编码集成电路的输出位元率的需求。在较佳实施例中,需求信息包含操作系统信息及应用程序信息至少其中之一。如前所述,当外部主机的操作系统得知目前外部主机的中央处理器的运算资源已经被大量占用而没有多余的运算资源来处理高资料量的影像编码资料时,可以回传操作系统信息给影像编码集成电路,使得影像编码集成电路可据以产生需求调整信息;而执行于外部主机中的影像传输应用程序(例如Skype)则可以根据当时的系统状态、网络频宽、使用者需求等因素而动态地设定影像编码集成电路传输影像编码资料的速率,此时外部主机可以相应地回传应用程序信息以告知影像编码集成电路,使得影像编码集成电路得以调整传输影像编码资料的位元率,以满足影像传输应用程序对高传输速率或高画质等方面的需求。FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an embodiment of an image encoding data transmission method of the present invention. The image encoding data transmission method is preferably used in an image encoding integrated circuit installed in a network camera. As shown in FIG. 4 , the image encoding data transmission method used by the image encoding integrated circuit includes the following steps: Step 10 receives demand information from an external host, and generates demand adjustment information according to the demand information. The demand information indicates the demand of the output bit rate of the video coding integrated circuit by components such as external devices connected to the video coding integrated circuit. In a preferred embodiment, the requirement information includes at least one of operating system information and application program information. As mentioned above, when the operating system of the external host knows that the computing resources of the central processing unit of the external host have been occupied in large quantities and there are no redundant computing resources to process high-volume video encoding data, it can return the operating system information For the image coding integrated circuit, the image coding integrated circuit can generate demand adjustment information; while the image transmission application program (such as Skype) executed in the external host can be based on the current system status, network bandwidth, user needs, etc. Factors dynamically set the rate at which the image encoding IC transmits the image encoding data. At this time, the external host can correspondingly return the application program information to inform the image encoding IC, so that the image encoding IC can adjust the bits of the transmitted image encoding data. rate to meet the needs of image transmission applications for high transmission rate or high image quality.
步骤20转换影像感测单元所产生的影像信号为影像资料,并依据影像信号产生感测状态信息。此转换以类比转数码等方式来完成。步骤30转换影像资料为影像编码资料,并以特定的位元率传输影像编码资料,其中位元率依据量化参数信息而调整。此转换以压缩、编码等方式来完成。步骤40储存影像编码资料,并依据经储存的影像编码资料被接收的状态产生位元率信息。步骤50接收经储存的影像编码资料,将影像编码资料传输至外部主机,并依据影像编码资料的传输状态产生传输状态信息。在本实施例中,网络摄像机的影像编码集成电路连接至外部主机,使得影像编码资料在传输至外部主机以后,可通过连接于外部主机的网络传输至远端外部主机(见图2A及图2B的实施例),因此步骤50较佳可以更依据影像编码资料在网络中的传输状态产生传输状态信息。步骤60依据需求调整信息、感测状态信息、位元率信息及传输状态信息至少其中之一产生量化参数信息。本发明的影像编码资料传输方法以参考了更多的系统变数来调整编码集成电路的输出位元率,因而提高了位元率控制的效能。
本发明已由上述相关实施例加以描述,然而上述实施例仅为实施本发明的范例。必需指出的是,已揭露的实施例并未限制本发明的范围。相反地,包含于权利要求书的精神及范围的修改及均等设置均包含于本发明的范围内。The present invention has been described by the above-mentioned related embodiments, however, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for implementing the present invention. It must be pointed out that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. On the contrary, modifications and equivalent arrangements included in the spirit and scope of the claims are included in the scope of the present invention.
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