CN102430983B - Two-side material supply type high-pressure grinding material water jet flow polishing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a two-side material supply type high-pressure grinding material water jet flow polishing device, which comprises a grinding material spray gun and a rotating moving work table (24) positioned under the grinding material spray gun. The two-side material supply type high-pressure grinding material water jet flow polishing device is characterized in that the grinding material spray gun consists of a water jet flow spray nozzle (19), a mixing chamber (21), a grinding cabin (18) and a mixed material jet flow spray nozzle (22), the water jet flow spray nozzle (19) is positioned on the top of the mixing chamber (21), the mixed material jet flow spray nozzle (22) is positioned at the bottom of the mixing chamber (21), the water jet flow nozzle (19) and the mixed material jet flow spray nozzle (22) are positioned on the same axial line, an anti-sputtering cover (25) is arranged outside the rotating moving work table (24), a grinding material separator (26) is arranged under the anti-sputtering cover (25), a grinding material pump (28) arranged at the bottom of a water collecting tank (27) is arranged outside the grinding material separator (26), the water collecting tank (27) is connected with the water jet flow spray nozzle (19) through a pressure booster, and the grinding material pump (28) is connected with the grinding material cabin (18) through a pipeline.

Description

Double-side feeding high-pressure abrasive water jet polishing device

Technical Field The present invention belongs to the field of metal processing, specifically a new technology for polishing the surface of metal workpieces.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Water jet technology is a technical field with great development potential in today's world. At present, water jet technology is widely used in petroleum, metallurgy, aviation, construction, transportation, chemical industry, machinery, municipal engineering and other fields, and has great advantages in surface cleaning, mechanical processing, mining excavation, rock crushing, and environmental protection.

The traditional polishing technology is not suitable for processing workpieces with special-shaped surfaces (such as blades), complex cavities (such as molds), slender pipes, and special materials. Therefore, it is imperative to study and select appropriate polishing methods and polishing processes. In order to illustrate the problem, only two processing methods "similar" to the technology described in the present invention are cited here. One is a sandblasting machine. Its working principle is to use compressed air as the power to form a high-speed jet beam to spray the spray material onto the surface of the workpiece at high speed, so that the mechanical properties of the outer surface of the workpiece surface will change. The disadvantages: When the workpiece is polished, the sand particles tend to rub against the workpiece to generate heat, which easily causes thermal deformation of the workpiece. The second is the abrasive belt grinder used for polishing steam turbine blades. The flexibility of this device is particularly good, and it can polish curved surfaces. The disadvantage is that the blade root and boss cannot be thrown, and the coolant cannot be well mixed with the part being polished. Contact, and the abrasive belt must be replaced frequently, which seriously affects the processing efficiency and increases the processing cost.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the above-mentioned traditional polishing methods for polishing special-shaped curved surfaces (such as blades), and to design a kind of abrasive and water that can be mixed more fully, improve polishing efficiency, and both abrasive and water can be recycled. A double-side feeding high-pressure abrasive water jet polishing device for polishing complex-shaped surfaces.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

A double-side feeding type high-pressure abrasive water jet polishing device, comprising: an abrasive spray gun, a rotary table located under the abrasive spray gun, characterized in that:

The abrasive spray gun is composed of a water jet nozzle, a mixing chamber, an abrasive chamber and a mixture jet nozzle. The water jet nozzle, the abrasive chamber, and the mixture jet nozzle are respectively connected to the mixing chamber. At the bottom of the chamber, the water jet nozzle and the mixture jet nozzle are located on the same axis, and there are two abrasive bins, symmetrically located on both sides of the mixing chamber;

There is a splash guard on the outside of the rotary table, a funnel is provided at the bottom of the splash guard, an abrasive separator connected with the funnel is arranged under the splash guard, a water collection tank is arranged outside the abrasive separator, and abrasive materials are installed at the bottom of the abrasive separator. Pump;

The water collection tank is connected with the water jet nozzle through the pipeline and the pressurization device in the pipeline;

The abrasive pump is connected to the two abrasive bins through pipelines.

A further solution is: the supercharging device includes an oil pump, a water tank, a water pump, a supercharger, and an accumulator, the oil pump is connected to the supercharger, the suction port of the water pump communicates with the water collection tank through the water tank, and the water outlet of the water pump communicates with the supercharger through a one-way valve. The high pressure end of the supercharger is connected with the water inlet of the accumulator through the check valve, and the water outlet of the accumulator is connected with the water jet nozzle.

In the present invention, various existing superchargers can be used, and the basic principle of obtaining high pressure is as follows: it is mainly realized by using the area difference between the large piston and the small piston at both ends of the supercharger. When the low-pressure water drawn by the water pump from the water tank enters the high-pressure cylinder of the supercharger through the one-way valve, high-pressure water is generated by the left and right movement of the supercharger piston.

The pressurized high-pressure water enters the accumulator through the one-way valve to eliminate the water pressure pulsation and form a constant pressure water flow. The constant pressure water flows through the pipeline to the water jet nozzle, and the water pressure is adjusted by adjusting the switch.

High-pressure water passes through the first nozzle, that is, the water jet nozzle to form a high-speed water jet. Due to the entrainment of the jet, a certain degree of vacuum is generated in the mixing chamber. The higher the speed of the water jet, the greater the vacuum generated in the mixing chamber, which makes the abrasive A certain pressure difference is formed between the bin and the mixing chamber, and the abrasive enters the mixing chamber under the action of its own weight and pressure difference, collides violently with the water jet, diffuses and mixes to form a mixture, and then sprays it through the second nozzle, which is the abrasive jet nozzle. out, forming a grinding fluid jet. At this time, the abrasive in the grinding liquid has obtained a certain amount of energy, and through the impact and friction on the surface of the workpiece, it can achieve the effect of "shaving peaks and filling valleys" and strengthening the surface, thereby improving the surface finish. At the same time, the rotary table drives the workpiece to rotate at a speed n and/or move at a speed v according to the preset speed, or the rotary table drives the workpiece to rotate at a speed n according to the preset speed, and the abrasive spray gun moves at a speed v. Workpiece setting area for polishing operations.

The role of the splash guard is to prevent the abrasive liquid from splashing and flowing through the conical bottom to the abrasive separator. The abrasive separator can be a centrifugal separator. Due to the action of centrifugal force, the water in the grinding liquid is filtered and returned to the water collection tank. The water collection tank is connected to the water jet nozzle through the pipeline and the pressurization device in the pipeline to realize water recycling. The abrasive in the grinding liquid cannot pass through because its particle size is larger than the pore size of the filter element. The separated abrasive is transported to the abrasive bin again through the abrasive pump, so that the abrasive can be recycled.

Compared with traditional polishing methods, abrasive water jet polishing has the following advantages:

(1) The range of processing materials is wide, and it can process metal, glass, ceramics, stone, composite materials, flammable materials, coated steel plates, etc.

(2) Cold processing will not cause adverse effects such as material structure changes or thermal deformation, which is especially important for the processing of many high-performance, heat-sensitive materials and magnetic materials.

(3) The controllability is good, the processing can start from any point on the workpiece, and can be carried out in any direction. It can process parts that are difficult to process by conventional processes, and can polish various surfaces with complex shapes.

(4) Green processing, no dust, oil, smoke, sparks, odor and other pollution to the environment.

(5) The process preparation time is short and the production efficiency is high.

(6) Through the design of a new type of abrasive jet polishing nozzle, and the nozzle adopts a double-sided feeding method, its structure is optimized to make the abrasive and water mix more fully, thereby improving the polishing efficiency, compared with the single-side feeding nozzle , The double-sided feeding nozzle not only shortens the mixing time of abrasive and water, but also shortens the length of the abrasive nozzle (sand tube), thereby reducing the cost of materials. By designing a novel abrasive jet polishing nozzle, a double-side feeding high-pressure abrasive water jet polishing device is provided.

(7) Both abrasive and water are recycled.

(8) Since the flexible processing of the present invention is relatively good, different pressures and flow rates can be obtained by adjusting the supercharger and changing the diameter of the nozzle. Changing relevant process parameters, such as: particle size of abrasive, target distance (spray distance), processing time, etc., can process different objects, such as steel, hard alloy, ceramics, etc.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a double-side feeding high-pressure abrasive water jet polishing device;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-side feeding nozzle and the clamping of the workpiece.

The codes in the figure are: 1. Fuel tank; 2. Filter; 3. Check valve; 4. Filter; 5. Overflow valve; 6. Oil pump; 7. Water pump; 8. Check valve; 9. Overflow Valve; 10, reversing valve; 11, one-way valve; 12, one-way valve; 13, supercharger; 14, one-way valve; 15, one-way valve; 16, accumulator; 17, regulating switch; 18 , abrasive bin; 19, water jet nozzle; 20, regulating switch; 21, mixing chamber; 22, mixed material jet nozzle; 23, workpiece; 24, rotary table; 25, splash guard; 26, abrasive separator; 27, water collection tank; 28, abrasive pump (sediment pump); 29, water pump; 30, water tank; 31, filter; 32, regulating switch.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Of course, the following specific examples only

It is only used to further explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a double-side feeding type high-pressure abrasive water jet polishing device includes: an abrasive spray gun, and a rotary table 24 located under the abrasive spray gun, characterized in that:

Abrasive spray gun is made up of water jet nozzle 19, mixing chamber 21, abrasive material chamber 18 and mixture jet nozzle 22, and water jet nozzle 19, abrasive chamber 18, mixture jet nozzle 22 communicate with mixing chamber 21 respectively, and water jet nozzle 19 is positioned at mixing At the top of the chamber 21, the mixture jet nozzle 22 is located at the bottom of the mixing chamber 21, the water jet nozzle 19 and the mixture jet nozzle 22 are located on the same axis, and there are two abrasive bins 18, symmetrically located on both sides of the mixing chamber 21;

The outside of the rotating table 24 is provided with a splash guard 25, the bottom of the splash guard 25 is provided with a funnel, the splash guard 25 is provided with an abrasive separator 26 connected with the funnel, and the abrasive separator 26 is provided with a water collecting tank 27 outside. Abrasive pump (sand pump) 28 is equipped with at the bottom of abrasive separator 26;

The water collecting tank 27 is connected with the water jet nozzle 19 by the pressurization device in the pipeline and the pipeline;

The abrasive pump 28 is connected with the two abrasive bins 18 through pipelines.

The supercharging device includes an oil pump 6, a water tank 30, a water pump 7, a supercharger 13, and an accumulator 16. The oil pump 6 is connected to the supercharger 13, and the suction port of the water pump 7 communicates with the water collection tank 27 through the water tank 30, and the water outlet of the water pump 7 passes through the The check valves 11, 12 communicate with the high pressure end of the supercharger 13, the high pressure end of the supercharger 13 communicates with the water inlet of the accumulator 16 through the check valves 14, 15, and the water outlet of the accumulator 16 communicates with the water jet nozzle 19.

This embodiment includes a mixture jet nozzle 22, a regulating switch 20, a water jet nozzle 19, a regulating switch 17, an accumulator 16, a one-way valve 15, a one-way valve 14, a supercharger 13, a one-way valve 12, a one-way Valve 11, three-position four-way reversing valve 10, overflow valve 9, check valve 8, water pump 7, oil pump 6, overflow valve 5, filter 4, check valve 3, filter 2, regulating switch 32, Hydraulic oil tank 1, filter 31, water tank 30, water pump 29, water collecting tank 27, abrasive material separator 26, splash guard 25, sediment pump 28, abrasive material bin 18 and some pipelines. The water jet nozzle 19 is placed on the top of the mixing chamber 21, the water inlet end of the water jet nozzle 19 is connected to the regulating switch 17, the pipeline is connected to the accumulator 16, and the two pipelines are respectively connected to the one-way valve. 14 and one-way valve 15, the supercharger 13 is connected between the one-way valves 11, 12, 14, 15, the interface of the supercharger is connected with the three-position four-way reversing valve 10, and a pipeline of the reversing valve 10 It is the oil return line, and the relief valve 5, the filter 4 and the one-way valve 3 need to be connected on this line; the one-way valve 8, the oil pump 6, the filter 2 and the regulating switch 32 need to be connected on the other line, and finally this Both lines are connected to tank 1. An overflow valve 9 is connected at the intersection of the pipelines of the one-way valve 11 and the one-way valve 12 , and the end of the overflow valve 9 is connected to the water tank 30 . Also be connected with water pump 7 on this pipeline, connect filter 29 in pipeline, the end of filter 29 connects water tank 28. A water pump 7 is also connected to this pipeline, a filter 31 is connected to the pipeline, and the end of the filter 31 is connected to a water tank 30 . The mixed material jet nozzle 22 is placed in the splash guard 25, and the outlet of the splash guard 25 is placed in the abrasive separator 26 and the water collecting tank 27, and the abrasive separator 26 is entirely placed in the water collecting tank 27, and the water collecting tank 27 The outlet end is connected to a water pump 29, and the water pump 29 is connected to a water tank 30 through a pipeline. The outlet of the abrasive separator 26 is connected to an abrasive (slurry) pump 28, and the abrasive (slurry) pump 28 is connected to the abrasive bin 18 through a pipeline.

The mixed material jet nozzle 22 in this embodiment is a cylindrical nozzle or a slit nozzle, and such setting is mainly to allow the abrasive and water to be mixed evenly faster, and the energy obtained by the abrasive is greater, so as to improve the polishing efficiency.

Claims (2)

1. A double-side feeding type high-pressure abrasive water jet polishing device, comprising: an abrasive spray gun, a rotary table (24) positioned below the abrasive spray gun, characterized in that: Abrasive spray gun is made up of water jet nozzle (19), mixing chamber (21), abrasive bin (18) and mixed material jet nozzle (22), and water jet nozzle (19), abrasive bin (18), mixed material jet nozzle (22 ) communicate with the mixing chamber (21) respectively, the water jet nozzle (19) is located at the top of the mixing chamber (21), the mixture jet nozzle (22) is located at the bottom of the mixing chamber (21), the water jet nozzle (19) and the mixture jet nozzle (22) are located on the same axis, and there are two abrasive bins (18), symmetrically located on both sides of the mixing chamber (21); A splash guard (25) is arranged outside the rotary table (24), a funnel is provided at the bottom of the splash guard (25), and an abrasive separator (26) communicated with the funnel is arranged below the splash guard (25), and the abrasive material is separated The outside of the device (26) is provided with a water collecting tank (27), and the bottom of the abrasive separator (26) is equipped with an abrasive pump (28); The water collecting tank (27) is connected with the water jet nozzle (19) by the pressurization device in the pipeline and the pipeline; Abrasive pump (28) is connected with two abrasive bins (18) by pipeline. 2. The double-side feeding type high-pressure abrasive water jet polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the booster device includes an oil pump (6), a water tank (30), a water pump (7), a supercharger (13) , the accumulator (16), the oil pump (6) is connected with the supercharger (13), the water pump (7) suction port communicates with the water collection tank (27) through the water tank (30), and the water pump (7) outlet passes through the one-way valve (11,12) are communicated with supercharger (13) high pressure end, supercharger (13) high pressure end communicates with accumulator (16) water inlet through check valve (14,15), accumulator (16) The water outlet is communicated with the water jet nozzle (19).

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