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CN102391805A - Modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive for concrete formwork and production method of adhesive - Google Patents

Modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive for concrete formwork and production method of adhesive Download PDF

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CN102391805A
CN102391805A CN2011102005951A CN201110200595A CN102391805A CN 102391805 A CN102391805 A CN 102391805A CN 2011102005951 A CN2011102005951 A CN 2011102005951A CN 201110200595 A CN201110200595 A CN 201110200595A CN 102391805 A CN102391805 A CN 102391805A
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urea
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formaldehyde
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CN102391805B (en
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刘幽燕
张运明
蒋林斌
唐爱星
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Guangxi University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种混凝土模板用改性脲醛树脂胶粘剂,主要由下列重量份数的原料制成:质量浓度37%的甲醛50~60份、纯度98%的尿素20~30份、三聚氰胺6~8份、增粘剂0.1~0.2份、促进剂0.2~0.3份。该胶粘剂具有Uron环的的改进结构,可提高模板的抗水性。本发明还公开了该胶粘剂的生产方法,包括强酸-弱酸-弱碱三步骤,通过控制温度、pH值、加料速度、加料时间与摩尔比,能有效控制甲醛与尿素的强酸条件反应;同时提供了两个简便易行的终点控制指标,能方便精确掌控工艺进行。The invention discloses a modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive for concrete templates, which is mainly made of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of formaldehyde with a mass concentration of 37%, 20-30 parts of urea with a purity of 98%, and 6-30 parts of melamine. 8 parts, 0.1-0.2 parts of tackifier, 0.2-0.3 parts of accelerator. The adhesive has an improved structure of Uron rings, which increases the water resistance of the formwork. The invention also discloses a production method of the adhesive, which includes three steps of strong acid-weak acid-weak base, and can effectively control the reaction of formaldehyde and urea under strong acid conditions by controlling temperature, pH value, feeding speed, feeding time and molar ratio; Two simple and easy endpoint control indicators are provided, which can facilitate and accurately control the process.

Description

Concrete form is with modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive and working method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to the modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive field, relate in particular to a kind of concrete form with modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive and working method thereof.
Background technology
In recent years, China one jumped and became Wood-based Panel Production big country in the world, and national wood-based plate output in 2009 reaches 11546.65 ten thousand steres, and wherein wood veneer accounts for 4451.24 ten thousand steres.Concrete (building) template is the main application of wood veneer, and it mainly is used in outdoor, not only wants load-bearing will withstand also that burning sun tans by the sun and the drip washing of bust shower must not be ftractureed; Simultaneously, the necessary repeatedly dismounting of concrete form, use repeatedly are to reduce the consumption of capital construction cost and timber.In order to detect the bonding strength of concrete form; Plywood for concrete form standard GB/T 17656-2008 has adopted among standard GB/T 17657-1999 (Test methods of evaluating the properties of woodbased panels and surface decorated woodbased panels) detection method about type, and promptly the sample bonding strength must be boiled the test of baking circulation method through boiled 28 hours of being formed in four hours by twice boiling water.
As everyone knows, the physical and mechanical property index of wood-based plate mainly relies on the resin adhesive that is adopted to guarantee.If adopt the good resol of water tolerance can obtain well (to wet) bonding strength, but the phenolic glue price is higher, and solidification value is high, speed is slow, and is very strict to the veneer water content requirement.Therefore, many in the market with cyanurotriamide modified at high proportion urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive.Wherein, the trimeric cyanamide urea-formaldehyde glue of alternative phenolic glue has been introduced in the timber mill, Sanya, and its proportioning raw materials is a trimeric cyanamide: urea=(0.5~0.7): 1 (mass ratio); F/U>2 (mol ratio of formaldehyde and urea), manufacturing processed can be summarized as weak base-weak acid-weak base three steps (Chen Bin, trimeric cyanamide urea-formaldehyde glue 1# and the application on concrete form thereof; Forest product industry; 2001,3,34).Strong acid (pH<3) technology has the advantage (being that formaldehyde and urea generate the strong Uron ring structure of certain proportion water tolerance) of improving the urea-formaldehyde resin structure; But produce gel owing to speed of response under the strong acid condition is exceedingly fast, be prone to make the inventory disposal of whole pot, therefore; From security consideration, all do not adopt usually.For this reason, Xibei Forest College has proposed a kind of preparation method who is used for the urea-formaldehyde resin of wood veneer, adopts F/U=1.7; Manufacturing processed is strong acid-weak acid-weak base three steps, omnidistance controlled temperature≤40 ℃ (Chang Juncheng, the research of urea and formaldehyde reaction relation in strong acid media; Bonding; 1992,1,1-2); Chinese patent " a kind of industrialized preparing process of urea-formaldehyde resin " (patent No. 200910030661.8 open days on 09 23rd, 2009) proposes to add stopper to produce a kind of urea-formaldehyde resin that is used for wad in the strong acid stage, and its finished product burst size of methanal is less than 28mg/100g.Yet the correlated response thing is all very responsive to temperature, feed rate, mol ratio, pH value and the residence time under the strong acid, no matter is control low temperature or adding stopper, all has certain degree of difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of well behaved concrete form and uses modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive.
Another technical problem that the present invention will solve provides the working method of the simple and clear and lower-cost concrete form of a kind of safe and reliable, easy operation, terminal point control with modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive.
Adopt following technical scheme for solving the problems of the technologies described above the present invention: concrete form is used modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, is mainly processed by the raw material of following parts by weight: 20~30 parts in the urea of 50~60 parts in the formaldehyde of mass concentration 37%, purity 98%, 6~8 parts of trimeric cyanamides, 0.1~0.2 part of tackifier, 0.2~0.3 part of promotor.
Tackifier are Z 150PH; Promotor is vulkacit H, Dyhard RU 100 or both mixtures.
Raw material also comprises an amount of sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid.
Concrete form is with the working method of modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, and this method may further comprise the steps:
< 1>formaldehyde and Z 150PH are dropped in the reaction kettle, agitator, the beginning heat temperature raising, temperature-stable adds mass concentration 30~36% in the time of 47~48 ℃ salt acid for adjusting pH value is 1.7~2.0;
<2>Temperature-stable added first urea equably in 7~12 minutes in the time of 51~53 ℃, it is F/U that its amount should make the mol ratio of reinforced back formaldehyde and urea 1=2.8~3.0, temperature rises to 81~85 ℃;
<3>Using the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution adjusting pH of mass concentration 25~30% immediately is 5.5~6.2, when temperature is 81~85 ℃, adds second batch of urea equably, and it is F/U that its amount should make the mol ratio of formaldehyde and urea 1+2=2.1~2.3; Stir to add after 10 minutes and account for first trimeric cyanamide of total trimeric cyanamide amount 25~40% and first promotor that accounts for total promotion dosage 1/3; Checking and adjust reactant pH is 6.8~7.2; Use muddy some method observation reactant at water form, to be white in color vaporific in 30 ℃ of water be first terminal point when reactant drips to;
< 4>reach first terminal point after, it is 7.5~8.5 that the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution that adds mass concentration 25~30% is regulated pH, adds residue trimeric cyanamide and promotor, controlled temperature stirred 20 minutes at 82 ± 1 ℃;
< 5>add residue urea, 78 ± 2 ℃ of reactions down, uses muddy some method to observe reactant at water form, to be white in color vaporific in 55~65 ℃ of water be second terminal point when reactant drips to;
< 6>reach and begin cooling behind second terminal point, when temperature was reduced to 35~45 ℃, it was 7.5~8.0 back dischargings that the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution that adds mass concentration 25~30% is regulated pH.
Contriver's abandoning tradition weak acid technology (weak base-weak acid-weak base) is used strong acid (pH 1.7~2.0) technology (strong acid-weak acid-weak base) glue instead.To reactant under the strong acid condition to mole highstrung characteristics of the residence time when; The custom that discarded common urea feeds intake fast; The working method that proposition evenly added in 7~12 minutes; The gelling phenomenon appears to avoid the too fast local molar ratio that causes of urea adding low excessively, can not cross causing overstand slowly.Temperature, pH value, feed rate, reinforced time and mol ratio that the strong acid stage must grasp are proposed simultaneously; According to these concrete operations step and precise information; Need not to add stopper and also need not hang down temperature control; Also can control reaction safely and reliably, obtain to improve the urea-formaldehyde resin (containing the Uron ring) of structure.Certainly reaction kettle varies in size, and feeding quantity and reinforced time also need corresponding adjustment, but finally with the temperature that adds material at 81~85 ℃ and do not produce the gelling phenomenon and be as the criterion.Then, under weak acid-weak base condition,, can strengthen the physical and mechanical property of urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive again, thereby use modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive with the preferable concrete form of less trimeric cyanamide obtained performance with cyanurotriamide modified, specifically:
After first urea feeds intake and finishes, add alkali immediately and make the reactant disengaging strong acid stage and get into weak acid stage.Still exist a large amount of free formaldehydes in the reaction mass this moment.Thereby must add second batch of urea, and the mol ratio of control formaldehyde and urea is to guarantee resin quality.Because the existing water-fast effect that improves intensity that has again of trimeric cyanamide makes it at weak acid and near participating in reaction under the neutrallty condition so drop into trimeric cyanamide, generate cyanurotriamide modified urea-formaldehyde resin (MUF) simultaneously.After first terminal point arrives, add alkali and make reactant get into the weak base stage, and add second batch of trimeric cyanamide, add the 3rd batch of urea again behind the stirring certain hour, they are reacted under the weak base condition, thereby play the effect of urea-formaldehyde resin being carried out further modification.
In addition, working method of the present invention has two simple and clear, maneuverable terminal point controlling index (promptly splash into reactant respectively white cloud and mist whether to occur in 30 ℃ and 55~65 ℃ of water be sign), with the convenient process of controlling.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
1, prescription is formed
The mol ratio of formaldehyde and urea is F/U=2.04,530 parts in formaldehyde (concentration 37%), 197 parts in urea (purity 98%), 65 parts of trimeric cyanamides, 1.4 parts of Z 150PH, 1 part of vulkacit H, 2 parts of Dyhard RU 100s.
2, adhesive-preparing technology
< 1>with in 530 parts of formalins and 1.4 parts of input reaction kettles of Z 150PH, agitator, the beginning heat temperature raising stops heating when being warmed up to 38~40 ℃, and when temperature inertia increased to 48 ℃, the salt acid for adjusting pH value of use 31~36% was 1.7~2.0;
When < 2>temperature increases to 51 ℃, evenly add 140 parts in first urea in 7~10 minutes, temperature is raised to 83~85 ℃;
< 3>using 25~30% aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions to regulate pH immediately is 5.8~6.2;, temperature adds 35 parts in second batch of urea when being 83~85 ℃ equably; Stir after 10 minutes and to add 25 parts of trimeric cyanamides and 1 part of vulkacit H, checking and adjust reactant pH is 6.8~7.2, uses muddy some method to observe; Reactant is splashed in 30 ℃ of water, and the cloud that is white in color is first terminal point;
< 4>reach first terminal point after, adding 25~30% aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions, to regulate pH be 7.5~8.5, adds 2 parts of 40 parts of trimeric cyanamides and Dyhard RU 100s, temperature is controlled at 82 ± 1 ℃, stirs 20 minutes;
< 5>add 22 parts in the 3rd batch of urea, be allowed to condition at and carry out polycondensation (reactant is splashed in 55~65 ℃ of water, and the cloud that is white in color is second terminal point) under 78 ± 2 ℃;
< 6>reach and begin cooling behind second terminal point, when temperature was reduced to 35~45 ℃, adding 25~30% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, to regulate pH be 7.5~8.0 back dischargings.
3, the quality of glue (seeing table 1)
The quality condition of table 1 embodiment 1 glue
Figure BSA00000539587400041
4, making sheet effect
< 1>mask-making technology significant parameter
Nine layers of Eucalyptus veneer, the thick 1.5~1.8mm of veneer, water ratio≤14%, tackiness agent add 10% wheat-flour, do not add solidifying agent, resin added 200~250g/m 2
Hot pressing temperature=105~110 ℃, hot pressing time=1.2~1.5min/mm.
< 2>concrete form quality (thickness of slab 15mm sees table 2)
The quality condition of table 2 embodiment 1 concrete form
Figure BSA00000539587400042
Embodiment 2
1, prescription is formed
The mol ratio of formaldehyde and urea is F/U=1.82,590 parts in formaldehyde (concentration 37%), 245 parts in urea (purity 98%), 75 parts of trimeric cyanamides, 1.5 parts of Z 150PH, 1 part of vulkacit H, 2 parts of Dyhard RU 100s;
2, adhesive-preparing technology
< 1>with in 590 parts of formalins and 1.5 parts of input reaction kettles of Z 150PH, agitator, the beginning heat temperature raising stops heating when being warmed up to 38~40 ℃, and when temperature inertia increased to 48 ℃, the salt acid for adjusting pH value of use 31~36% was 1.7~2.0;
When < 2>temperature increases to 51 ℃, evenly add 156 parts in first urea in 7~10 minutes, temperature is raised to 81~85 ℃.
< 3>using 25~30% aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions to regulate pH immediately is 5.5~6.0;, temperature adds 38 parts in second batch of urea when being 83~85 ℃ equably; Stir after 10 minutes and to add 30 parts of trimeric cyanamides and 1 part of vulkacit H, checking and adjust reactant pH is 6.8~7.2, uses muddy some method to observe; Reactant is splashed in 30 ℃ of water, and the cloud that is white in color is first terminal point;
< 4>reach first terminal point after, adding 25~30% aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions, to regulate pH be 7.5~8.5, adds 2 parts of 45 parts of trimeric cyanamides and Dyhard RU 100s, temperature is controlled at 82 ± 1 ℃, stirs 20 minutes;
< 5>add 51 parts in the 3rd batch of urea, be allowed to condition at and carry out polycondensation under 78 ± 2 ℃ (reactant is splashed in 55~65 ℃ of water, and the cloud and mist that is white in color is second terminal point;
< 6>reach and begin cooling behind second terminal point, when temperature was reduced to 35~45 ℃, adding 25~30% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, to regulate pH be 7.5~8.0 back dischargings.
3, the quality of glue (seeing table 3)
The quality condition of table 3 embodiment 2 glue
Figure BSA00000539587400051
4, making sheet effect
< 1>mask-making technology significant parameter
Nine layers of Eucalyptus veneer, the thick 1.5~1.8mm of veneer, water ratio≤14%, tackiness agent add 10% wheat-flour, do not add solidifying agent, resin added 200~250g/m 2
Hot pressing temperature=105~110 ℃, hot pressing time=1.2~1.5min/mm.
< 2>concrete form quality (thickness of slab 15mm sees table 4)
The quality condition of table 4 embodiment 2 concrete forms
Figure BSA00000539587400052
Embodiment 3
1, prescription is formed
The mol ratio of formaldehyde and urea is F/U=2.107,1200 parts in formaldehyde (concentration 37%), 430 parts in urea (purity 98%), 115 parts of trimeric cyanamides, 3 parts of Z 150PH, 2 parts of vulkacit Hs, 4 parts of Dyhard RU 100s;
2, adhesive-preparing technology
< 1>with in 1200 parts of formalins and 3 parts of input reaction kettles of Z 150PH, agitator, the beginning heat temperature raising stops heating when being warmed up to 37~38 ℃, and when temperature inertia increased to 47 ℃, the salt acid for adjusting pH value of use 30~36% was 1.7~2.0;
When < 2>temperature increases to 51 ℃, evenly add 312 parts in first urea in 10~12 minutes, temperature is raised to 83~85 ℃.
< 3>using 25~30% aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions to regulate pH immediately is 5.5~6.0;, temperature adds 76 parts in second batch of urea when being 83~85 ℃ equably; Stir after 10 minutes and to add 40 parts of trimeric cyanamides and 2 parts of vulkacit Hs, checking and adjust reactant pH is 6.8~7.2, uses muddy some method to observe; Reactant is splashed in 30 ℃ of water, and the cloud that is white in color is first terminal point;
< 4>reach first terminal point after, adding 25~30% aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions, to regulate pH be 7.5~8.5, adds 4 parts of 75 parts of trimeric cyanamides and Dyhard RU 100s, temperature is controlled at 82 ± 1 ℃, stirs 20 minutes;
< 5>add 42 parts in the 3rd batch of urea, be allowed to condition at and carry out polycondensation under 78 ± 2 ℃ (reactant is splashed in 55~65 ℃ of water, and the cloud and mist that is white in color is second terminal point;
< 6>reach and begin cooling behind second terminal point, when temperature was reduced to 35~45 ℃, adding 25~30% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, to regulate pH be 7.5~8.0 back dischargings.
3, the quality of glue (seeing table 5)
The quality condition of table 5 embodiment 3 glue
4, making sheet effect
< 1>mask-making technology significant parameter
Nine layers of Eucalyptus veneer, the thick 1.5~1.8mm of veneer, water ratio≤14%, tackiness agent add 10% wheat-flour, do not add solidifying agent, resin added 200~250g/m 2
Hot pressing temperature=105~110 ℃, hot pressing time=1.2~1.5min/mm.
< 2>concrete form quality (thickness of slab 15mm sees table 6)
The quality condition of table 6 embodiment 3 concrete forms
Figure BSA00000539587400062

Claims (4)

1.一种混凝土模板用改性脲醛树脂胶粘剂,其特征在于主要由下列重量份数的原料制成:质量浓度37%的甲醛50~60份、纯度98%的尿素20~30份、三聚氰胺6~8份、增粘剂0.1~0.2份、促进剂0.2~0.3份。1. A modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive for concrete templates, characterized in that it is mainly made of the raw materials of the following parts by weight: 50-60 parts of formaldehyde of mass concentration 37%, 20-30 parts of urea of 98% purity, 60 parts of melamine ~8 parts, 0.1~0.2 parts of tackifier, 0.2~0.3 parts of accelerator. 2.根据权利要求1所述的混凝土模板用改性脲醛树脂胶粘剂,其特征在于:所述增粘剂为聚乙烯醇;所述促进剂为六亚甲基四胺、双氰胺或两者的混合物。2. the modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive for concrete form according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described tackifier is polyvinyl alcohol; Described accelerator is hexamethylenetetramine, dicyandiamide or both mixture. 3.根据权利要求1或2所述的混凝土模板用改性脲醛树脂胶粘剂,其特征在于:所述原料还包括适量氢氧化钠和盐酸。3. The modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive for concrete formwork according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: said raw materials also include an appropriate amount of sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. 4.根据权利要求3所述的混凝土模板用改性脲醛树脂胶粘剂的生产方法,其特征在于该方法包括以下步骤:4. the production method of modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive for concrete formwork according to claim 3, is characterized in that the method may further comprise the steps: <1>将甲醛及聚乙烯醇投入反应釜中,开动搅拌器,开始加热升温,温度稳定在47~48℃时加入质量浓度30~36%的盐酸调节pH值为1.7~2.0;<1>Put formaldehyde and polyvinyl alcohol into the reaction kettle, start the agitator, start heating up, and when the temperature is stable at 47-48°C, add hydrochloric acid with a mass concentration of 30-36% to adjust the pH value to 1.7-2.0; <2>温度稳定在51~53℃时,在7~12分钟内均匀地加入第一批尿素,其量应使加料后甲醛与尿素的摩尔比为F/U1=2.8~3.0,温度升至81~85℃;<2> When the temperature is stable at 51-53°C, add the first batch of urea evenly within 7-12 minutes. to 81~85℃; <3>立即用质量浓度25~30%的氢氧化钠水溶液调节pH为5.5~6.2,在温度为81~85℃时均匀地加入第二批尿素,其量应使甲醛与尿素的摩尔比为F/U1+2=2.1~2.3,搅拌10分钟后加入占总三聚氰胺量25~40%的第一批三聚氰胺和占总促进剂量1/3的第一批促进剂,复核并调整反应物pH为6.8~7.2,使用浑点法观测反应物在水中形态,当反应物滴到30℃水中呈白色雾状为第一终点;<3> Immediately adjust the pH to 5.5 to 6.2 with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide with a mass concentration of 25 to 30%, and add the second batch of urea evenly at a temperature of 81 to 85°C. The amount should be such that the molar ratio of formaldehyde to urea is F/U 1+2 = 2.1-2.3, after stirring for 10 minutes, add the first batch of melamine accounting for 25-40% of the total melamine and the first batch of accelerator accounting for 1/3 of the total accelerator dose, check and adjust the pH of the reactant 6.8~7.2, use the cloudy point method to observe the form of the reactant in water, when the reactant drops into the water at 30°C, the white mist is the first end point; <4>达到第一终点后,加质量浓度25~30%的氢氧化钠水溶液调节pH为7.5~8.5,加入剩余三聚氰胺及促进剂,控制温度在82±1℃,搅拌20分钟;<4> After reaching the first end point, add sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 25-30% to adjust the pH to 7.5-8.5, add the remaining melamine and accelerator, control the temperature at 82±1°C, and stir for 20 minutes; <5>加入剩余尿素,在78±2℃下反应,使用浑点法观测反应物在水中形态,当反应物滴到55~65℃水中呈白色雾状为第二终点;<5> Add the remaining urea, react at 78±2°C, use the muddy point method to observe the form of the reactant in water, when the reactant drops into the water at 55-65°C, it becomes white mist, which is the second end point; <6>达到第二终点后开始降温,当温度降至35~45℃时,加质量浓度25~30%的氢氧化钠水溶液调节pH为7.5~8.0后出料。<6> After reaching the second end point, start to lower the temperature. When the temperature drops to 35-45°C, add sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 25-30% to adjust the pH to 7.5-8.0 before discharging.
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CN105368356A (en) * 2015-11-27 2016-03-02 广西大学 Preparation method for modified urea-formaldehyde adhesive used for moisture-proof and environmentally friendly medium density fiberboard
CN105820783A (en) * 2016-03-18 2016-08-03 扬州捷高新材料科技有限公司 Industrial production method of urea-formaldehyde resin with ultralow release amount of formaldehyde

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