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CN102389685A - Coal mine methane gas enriching method comprising step of pumping at exhaust end of adsorption tower - Google Patents

Coal mine methane gas enriching method comprising step of pumping at exhaust end of adsorption tower Download PDF

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CN102389685A
CN102389685A CN2011103057281A CN201110305728A CN102389685A CN 102389685 A CN102389685 A CN 102389685A CN 2011103057281 A CN2011103057281 A CN 2011103057281A CN 201110305728 A CN201110305728 A CN 201110305728A CN 102389685 A CN102389685 A CN 102389685A
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control valve
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CN102389685B (en
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李永玲
杨雄
刘应书
张传钊
孟宇
施绍松
杨海军
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for promoting a concentration of a coal mine methane gas which is subjected to vacuum pressure-swing adsorption and enrichment. According to the method, a vacuumizing process is used for acquiring a gas product from a desorption stage. In order to promote a volume fraction of the methane gas in the gas product, the gas is pumped from an exhaust end of an adsorption tower in a vacuumizing initial stage and the pumped gas is returned to a feed gas. An adsorbent which has a function of selectively absorbing the methane is taken as the adsorbent used in the adsorption tower. An activated carbon, a zeolite molecular sieve or a MOF (metal organic framework) can be taken as the adsorbent. According to the method, an absorption pressure is controlled within 0.16MPa, thereby being capable of enriching the methane in the coal mine methane gas with lower energy consumption, utilizing the methane gas in the coal mine methane gas and reducing emission of greenhouse gas. The method can be used for enriching and concentrating other high-absorption component gases rich in methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and the like.

Description

A kind of coal mine wind-lack gas enrichment method with adsorption tower exhaust end pump drainage step
Technical field
[0001] the invention belongs to transformation adsorbed gas separation field, relate to a kind of method of Vacuum Pressure Swing Adsorption enrichment coal mine wind-lack gas, can be used for the enrichment of strong absorbed component gas such as methane, carbon dioxide.
Background technology
There is 18,000,000,000 m every year in China 3Above pure methane is sneaked into and is passed through weary wind emptying in the mine air, and this is equivalent to more than 3,600 ten thousand tons of coals and is wasted.Moreover, methane is to be only second to CO 2Second largest greenhouse gases, discharge of methane has become the great environmental problem that the whole world faces jointly to the destruction of atmospheric environment.China is a coal big country; 2000m is 36 tcms with interior coal bed gas reserves according to statistics, accounts for 12.5% of whole world coal bed gas reserves, occupies the third place in the world; But annual methane gas because of the discharging of mining accounts for 1/3 of world's coal mining discharging coal bed gas total amount, ranks first in the world.It mainly is because concentration of methane gas is lower that a large amount of methane gas enter in the atmosphere.Mine air-lack mash gas accounts for 80%-90% in the methane gas that is discharged, and its mean concentration is about 0.25%.So the methane gas of low concentration utilizes difficulty bigger; Present ventilation air methane oxidized apparatus just can be kept steady operation after generally requiring methane concentration to be higher than 0.3%; Just can be used for generating when methane concentration surpasses 0.5% after gas oxidation unit, after 0.8%, can utilize the lean-burn gas turbine power generation.Therefore, the ventilation air gas gas of low methane concentrations is carried out enrichment, and be used and have very significant meaning.
In all gas separating methods, advantage such as pressure swing adsorption method is little with its investment, and operating cost is low is paid close attention to receiving aspect the gas separation field widely.In the adsorption separation process that reclaims heavy ends gas, generally all control the concentration of strong absorbed component gas in the discharging gas for guaranteeing the rate of recovery, certainly will cause mass-transfer zone also to rest in the adsorption tower like this, influence the concentration of product gas.General method through forward step-down shifts out adsorption tower with mass-transfer zone under the high situation of adsorptive pressure; Improve product gas concentration; Like patent CN85103557A enrichment coal mine gas gas, CN101422683A recovery CO gas etc. all adds forward depressurization step.But when adsorptive pressure is low, then can't realize forward step-down, perhaps forward the amplitude of step-down is smaller.
Utilize the flow process of having announced a kind of multistage adsorbing separation coal mine gas among patent CN101503335A, the CN101502740A, methane is adsorbed as heavy ends gas, obtains the product gas of high concentration methane through the method that vacuumizes desorb.In first order adsorption process; Methane concentration is a higher value in the control discharging gas; So then can mass-transfer zone be shifted out adsorption tower, the discharging gas of higher concentration gets into other one-level adsorption separation device to be separated, and the gas that separates the back acquisition turns back to the unstripped gas arrival end again to be separated.Though such flow process can improve concentration under the situation of higher yields, system is complicated, has also increased investment of devices simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Improve the concentration of Device in Gas in the transformation adsorption separation process, the present invention provides a kind of adsorption separating method of adsorption tower exhaust end pump drainage.This method can improve the concentration of product gas methane.
A kind of coal mine wind-lack gas enrichment method with adsorption tower exhaust end pump drainage step is realized the enrichment of low-concentration methane gas through the method for Vacuum Pressure Swing Adsorption.Methane gas is strong absorbed component in the said vacuum pressure swing absorption process, and the product gas that is rich in methane obtains in the depressurization desorption process.The gas partial discharge that vacuumizes in the method for said raising pressure-changed adsorption concentrating coal mine wind-lack gas concentration.The adsorbent that uses in the said pressure swing adsorption method can be zeolite molecular sieve, active carbon, MOF (metal-organic framework materials) etc. for methane being had the adsorbent of selective adsorption capacity.
Said transformation adsorption separation device comprises at least 2 adsorption towers, also can be any adsorption tower more than 2 towers.The technological process of described pressure swing adsorption method mainly comprise boost, adsorb, all pressure drops, vacuumize discharging, vacuumize, equal these six steps of voltage rise.Said pressure swing adsorption technique parameter is following: adsorptive pressure is controlled within absolute pressure 0.1MPa～0.16MPa, and depressurization desorption pressure is controlled within absolute pressure 0.01MPa～0.08MPa.In the said pressure-swing absorption process, after all pressure drop finishes, vacuumize from the adsorption tower upper end earlier, the portion gas of extracting out is emitted.The relatively low gas of methane volume fraction that can avoid the desorb starting stage to flow out like this gets in the product gas, can improve the concentration of Vacuum Pressure Swing Adsorption enrichment coal mine wind-lack gas gas.
Native system is mainly by forming with the lower part: air blast-1, air inlet surge tank-2, the first air intake control valves-3A, second air intake control valve-3B; First takes out true control valve-4A, second takes out true control valve-4B, first adsorption tower-5A, second adsorption tower-5B, first discharging gas control valve-6A, the second discharging gas control valve 6B; First Pressure and Control valve-7A, second Pressure and Control valve-7B; The first pump drainage control valve-8, the second pump drainage control valve-13, the 3rd pump drainage control valve-14, check valve-9, discharging gas surge tank-10; Exhaust jet stream adjustable valve-11, vavuum pump-12.Air blast-1 through air inlet surge tank-2 through first air intake control valve-3A and second air intake control valve-3B respectively with first adsorption tower-5A and second adsorption tower-5B lower ends; First adsorption tower-5A takes out true control valve-4A through first and links to each other with vavuum pump-12, and second adsorption tower-5B takes out true control valve-4B through second and links to each other with vavuum pump-12.First adsorption tower-5A, the first pump drainage control valve, 8 one ends link to each other with the first Pressure and Control valve 7A, the second Pressure and Control valve 7B, and the other end links to each other with vavuum pump, realize the step that vacuumizes of adsorption tower exhaust end.The second pump drainage control valve 13 connects vavuum pump exhaust end and blower inlet end, is used for reclaiming the methane gas of pump drainage gas, and the 3rd pump drainage control valve 14 1 ends link to each other with vavuum pump, and the other end is as the output of product gas; The first discharging gas control valve 6A links to each other with second adsorption tower-5B upper end with first adsorption tower-5A respectively with the second discharging gas control valve 6B, one end, and the other end links to each other with discharging gas surge tank-10, exhaust jet stream adjustable valve-11 through check valve-9.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) can improve the volume fraction of product gas methane in the Vacuum Pressure Swing Adsorption enrichment coal mine wind-lack gas;
2) through a certain gas in the method enrichment mist of transformation absorption, its initial cost is low, and operating cost is low, flexible and convenient operation;
3) the present invention can make the ventilation air gas gas of low concentration be fully utilized, and reduces the pollution of methane gas discharging to environment, has great economy and Significance for Environment.
4) the present invention also can also be used to reclaim the gas that other contain strong absorbed component such as methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Fig. 1 is a process chart of the present invention;
Be labeled as among the figure: air blast-1, air inlet surge tank-2, the first air intake control valves-3A, second air intake control valve-3B; First takes out true control valve-4A, second takes out true control valve-4B, first adsorption tower-5A, second adsorption tower-5B, first discharging gas control valve-6A, second discharging gas control valve-6B; First Pressure and Control valve-7A, second Pressure and Control valve-7B; The first pump drainage control valve-8, the second pump drainage control valve-13, the 3rd pump drainage control valve-14, check valve-9, discharging gas surge tank-10; Exhaust jet stream adjustable valve-11, vavuum pump-12.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment: with the methane volume fraction is that 0.2% weary general mood body is concentrated to more than 0.5%.
As shown in Figure 1; A kind of coal mine wind-lack gas enrichment method with adsorption tower exhaust end pump drainage step; Unstripped gas flows into the first adsorption tower 5A, the second adsorption tower 5B by air blast 1 pressurization through air inlet surge tank 2 and the first air intake control valve 3A, the second air intake control valve 3B.Behind the strong absorbed component methane and part nitrogen and oxygen in the adsorbents adsorb unstripped gas in the first adsorption tower 5A and the second adsorption tower 5B, the remaining gaseous mixture that contains trace methane gas is crossed check valve-9 through the first discharging gas control valve 6A, the second discharging gas control valve 6B and is flowed out through discharging gas surge tank-10, exhaust jet stream adjustable valve-11.Adsorption tower after absorption finishes is through after the equal pressure drop, and product gas is taken out true control valve 4A, second by vavuum pump 12 through first and taken out true control valve 4B, from the first adsorption tower 5A, the second adsorption tower 5B, extracts out.Pressure equalizing is realized through the first Pressure and Control valve 7A, the second Pressure and Control valve 7B.The first pump drainage control valve, 8 one ends link to each other with the first Pressure and Control valve 7A, the second Pressure and Control valve 7B, and the other end links to each other with vavuum pump, realize the step that vacuumizes of adsorption tower exhaust end.The second pump drainage control valve 13 connects vavuum pump exhaust end and blower inlet end.Its circulation sequential is as shown in table 1, is that example describes separation process with the first adsorption tower 5A below.
(1) unstripped gas gets into the first adsorption tower 5A through air blast 1 pressurization through the air inlet surge tank 2 and the first air intake control valve 3A, accomplishes the pressurising step;
(2) pressurising finishes the back unstripped gas and continues to get into the first adsorption tower 5A, and this moment, the first gas exhausting valve 6A opened, and gas methane in flow process is adsorbed, and the gas that contains low methane volume fraction that is not adsorbed is discharged through the first gas exhausting valve 6A;
(3) after methane penetrates, close the first gas exhausting valve 6A from the first adsorption tower 5A, open the first Pressure and Control valve 7A and the second Pressure and Control valve 7B all presses adsorption tower, this moment, the first adsorption tower 5A internal pressure reduced, and the second adsorption tower 5B pressure raises;
(4) completion is closed the second Pressure and Control valve 7B and the first air intake control valve 3A after all pressing; Opening 8 couples first adsorption tower 5A of the first pump drainage control valve vacuumizes; The gases methane volume fraction that extract out this moment is relatively low, and this part gas returns in the unstripped gas through the second pump drainage control valve 13;
(5) close the first pump drainage control valve 8 after pump drainage finishes and open first with the second pump drainage control valve 13 and take out true control valve 4A and the 3rd pump drainage control valve 14, this moment, the gas of extraction was the product gas that contains higher methane volume fraction;
(6) vacuumize end after, close first and take out true control valve 4A, open the first Pressure and Control valve 7A and the second Pressure and Control valve 7B, the first adsorption tower 5A is carried out equal voltage rise;
(7) repeating step (1)-(6).
So then accomplished a circulation.
Table 1 circulation time-scale
Figure 2011103057281100002DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
The methane volume fraction of ventilation air gas gas is 0.2% in this embodiment.The adsorbent that loads in this embodiment is a cocoanut active charcoal.Technological parameter is following in this embodiment: unstripped gas adsorptive pressure after air blast boosts is up to 150kPa (absolute pressure), minimum parsing pressure 20 kPa (absolute pressure).In the present embodiment in the product gas volume fraction of methane greater than 0.5%.

Claims (3)

1.一种附塔排气端抽排步骤的煤矿乏风瓦斯富集方法，其特征是通过真空变压吸附的方法实现低浓度瓦斯气体的富集，并在吸附过程中引入抽真空排放的工艺步骤；所述真空变压吸附方法中甲烷气体为强吸附组分，富含甲烷的产品气在降压解吸过程中获得，真空变压吸附中抽真空的气体部分排放；所述真空变压吸附方法中使用的吸附剂为对甲烷具有选择性吸附能力的吸附剂，包括为沸石分子筛、活性炭、金属有机骨架材料； 1. A coal mine exhaust gas enrichment method with a tower exhaust end pumping step, which is characterized in that the enrichment of low-concentration gas is realized by vacuum pressure swing adsorption, and a vacuum exhaust gas is introduced during the adsorption process Process steps: in the vacuum pressure swing adsorption method, methane gas is a strong adsorption component, and the product gas rich in methane is obtained in the decompression desorption process, and the vacuumed gas in the vacuum pressure swing adsorption is partially discharged; the vacuum pressure swing adsorption The adsorbent used in the adsorption method is an adsorbent with selective adsorption capacity for methane, including zeolite molecular sieves, activated carbon, and metal-organic framework materials; 其中变压吸附分离装置包含至少2个吸附塔，或为2塔以上的任意吸附塔；真空变压吸附法的工艺流程主要包括升压、吸附、均压降、抽真空排放、抽真空、均压升这六个步骤；所述变真空压吸附工艺参数如下：吸附压力控制在绝压0.1MPa～0.16MPa之内，降压解吸压力控制在绝压0.01MPa～0.08MPa之内；完成吸附过程的吸附塔在均压降结束过程后，先利用真空泵从吸附塔排气端抽气，此部分气体不进入产品气中。 Among them, the pressure swing adsorption separation device includes at least 2 adsorption towers, or any adsorption tower with more than 2 towers; the process flow of the vacuum pressure swing adsorption method mainly includes boosting, adsorption, equalizing pressure drop, vacuuming and discharging, vacuuming, equalizing The six steps of pressure increase; the variable vacuum pressure adsorption process parameters are as follows: the adsorption pressure is controlled within the absolute pressure of 0.1MPa～0.16MPa, and the decompression desorption pressure is controlled within the absolute pressure of 0.01MPa～0.08MPa; the adsorption process is completed After the end of the process of equalizing the pressure drop, the adsorption tower uses a vacuum pump to draw air from the exhaust end of the adsorption tower, and this part of the gas does not enter the product gas. 2.如权利要求1所述的一种带吸附塔排气端抽排步骤的煤矿乏风瓦斯富集方法，其特征是采用的富集装置由以下部分组成：鼓风机-（1）、进气缓冲罐-（2）、第一进气控制阀-（3A）、第二进气控制阀- (3B)、第一抽真控制阀-(4A)、第二抽真控制阀-(4B)、第一吸附塔-(5A)、第二吸附塔-(5B)、第一排放气控制阀-(6A)、第二排放气控制阀-(6B)、第一均压控制阀-(7A)、第二均压控制阀-(7B)、第一抽排控制阀-(8)、第二抽排控制阀-(13)、第三抽排控制阀-(14)、单向阀-(9)、排放气缓冲罐-(10)、排放气流量调节阀-(11)、真空泵-(12)；鼓风机-（1）经进气缓冲罐-(2)通过第一进气控制阀-(3A)和第二进气控制阀- (3B)分别与第一吸附塔-(5A)和第二吸附塔-(5B)下端相连；第一吸附塔-(5A)通过第一抽真控制阀-(4A)与真空泵-(12)相连，第二吸附塔-(5B)通过第二抽真控制阀-(4B)与真空泵-(12)相连;第一吸附塔-(5A)、第一抽排控制阀-(8)一端与第一均压控制阀-(7A)、第二均压控制阀-(7B)相连，另一端与真空泵（12）相连，实现吸附塔排气端的抽真空步骤；第二抽排控制阀（13）连接真空泵排气端和鼓风机入口端；第三抽排控制阀-(14)一端与真空泵相连，另一端作为产品气的输出端；第一排放气控制阀-(6A)和第二排放气控制阀-(6B)一端分别与第一吸附塔-(5A)和第二吸附塔-(5B)上端相连，另一端经单向阀-(9)与排放气缓冲罐-(10)、排放气流量调节阀-(11)相连。 2. A coal mine exhaust air gas enrichment method with the extraction step at the exhaust end of the adsorption tower as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the enrichment device used is composed of the following parts: blower - (1), air intake Buffer tank - (2), first intake control valve - (3A), second intake control valve - (3B), first pumping control valve - (4A), second pumping control valve - (4B) , the first adsorption tower-(5A), the second adsorption tower-(5B), the first discharge gas control valve-(6A), the second discharge gas control valve-(6B), the first pressure equalization control valve-(7A ), the second pressure equalization control valve-(7B), the first exhaust control valve-(8), the second exhaust control valve-(13), the third exhaust control valve-(14), one-way valve- (9), exhaust gas buffer tank - (10), exhaust gas flow regulating valve - (11), vacuum pump - (12); blower - (1) through the intake buffer tank - (2) through the first intake control valve -(3A) and the second intake control valve-(3B) are respectively connected to the lower end of the first adsorption tower-(5A) and the second adsorption tower-(5B); the first adsorption tower-(5A) is pumped through the first The control valve-(4A) is connected with the vacuum pump-(12), and the second adsorption tower-(5B) is connected with the vacuum pump-(12) through the second vacuum control valve-(4B); the first adsorption tower-(5A), One end of the first exhaust control valve-(8) is connected with the first pressure equalization control valve-(7A) and the second pressure equalization control valve-(7B), and the other end is connected with the vacuum pump (12) to realize the exhaust end of the adsorption tower. Vacuum pumping step; the second exhaust control valve (13) is connected to the exhaust end of the vacuum pump and the inlet end of the blower; one end of the third exhaust control valve (14) is connected to the vacuum pump, and the other end is used as the output end of the product gas; the first discharge One end of the gas control valve-(6A) and the second discharge gas control valve-(6B) are respectively connected to the upper ends of the first adsorption tower-(5A) and the second adsorption tower-(5B), and the other end is passed through the check valve-(9 ) is connected to the discharge gas buffer tank-(10) and the discharge gas flow regulating valve-(11). 3.根据权利要求1或2所述的的一种带吸附塔排气端抽排步骤的煤矿乏风瓦斯富集方法，其特征是：所述煤矿乏风瓦斯甲烷体积分数为0.2%；所述吸附剂采用椰壳活性炭；所述吸附压力最高为150kPa，所述降压解吸压力最低为20kPa；最后获得的产品气甲烷体积分数大于0.5%。 3. A method for enriching coal mine exhaust gas gas with an adsorption tower exhaust end pumping step according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the methane volume fraction of the coal mine exhaust gas gas is 0.2%; The adsorbent adopts coconut shell activated carbon; the maximum adsorption pressure is 150kPa, and the minimum decompression desorption pressure is 20kPa; the final obtained product gas methane volume fraction is greater than 0.5%.
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CN110394029A (en) * 2019-08-22 2019-11-01 阳泉煤业（集团）有限责任公司 A kind of coal mine light concentration mash gas pressure-changed adsorption concentrating methane system and device
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CN103031170A (en) * 2012-12-14 2013-04-10 贵州盘江煤层气开发利用有限责任公司 Production method for concentrating low-concentration gas to prepare LNG (liquefied natural gas)
CN108031240A (en) * 2017-12-18 2018-05-15 洛阳健阳科技有限公司 A kind of device based on HEU type zeolite molecular sieve separation of methane and nitrogen
CN108096995A (en) * 2017-12-18 2018-06-01 洛阳健阳科技有限公司 A kind of method based on new HEU types zeolite molecular sieve separation of methane and nitrogen
CN110394029A (en) * 2019-08-22 2019-11-01 阳泉煤业（集团）有限责任公司 A kind of coal mine light concentration mash gas pressure-changed adsorption concentrating methane system and device
CN111773882A (en) * 2020-07-28 2020-10-16 中国矿业大学 Micro positive pressure vacuum pressure swing adsorption system and method for safe concentration of low concentration gas
CN111773882B (en) * 2020-07-28 2021-08-20 中国矿业大学 Micro positive pressure vacuum pressure swing adsorption system and method for safe concentration of low concentration gas
CN113797704A (en) * 2021-10-20 2021-12-17 中国矿业大学 Safe and efficient step purification method and system for preparing natural gas from low-concentration gas

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