CN102382330A - Biodegradable plastic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Biodegradable plastic and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102382330A CN102382330A CN2010102711673A CN201010271167A CN102382330A CN 102382330 A CN102382330 A CN 102382330A CN 2010102711673 A CN2010102711673 A CN 2010102711673A CN 201010271167 A CN201010271167 A CN 201010271167A CN 102382330 A CN102382330 A CN 102382330A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
- B29C48/0022—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/04—Particle-shaped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92676—Weight
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92704—Temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92828—Raw material handling or dosing, e.g. active hopper or feeding device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/92876—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
- B29C2948/92895—Barrel or housing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a biodegradable plastic which takes thermoplastic starch, biodegradable polymer and auxiliary ingredients as raw materials and is formed by processing the raw materials with a spiral extruding device and a film making device. The biodegradable plastic includes 5-70% (by weight) of thermoplastic starch, 15-40% (by weight) of biodegradable polymer, 3-20% (by weight) of glycerol and 2-10% (by weight) of glycol. The invention also relates to a preparation method of the biodegradable plastic.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plastics, especially relate to a kind of biodegradable plastic and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present, plastics are because of advantages such as its light weight, intensity are high, stable chemical performance and cheapness broad development in a lot of fields.But because the exhausted plastics still do not have appropriate treatment process, plastic garbage is more and more serious to the pollution of physical environment, and is also more and more serious to the harm of human survival.Non-degradative plastics is processed by new LDPE (film grade) (LDPE) and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) mostly; Next is processed by high density polyethylene(HDPE) (HDPE), Vestolen PP 7052 (PP), PS (PS) and SE (PVC); These plastics are generally all disposed as solid waste; Cause in air pollutents such as forming acid rain, our life is caused serious harm.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve traditional non-degradative plastics contaminate environment, destroy the problem of Soil structure, first purpose of the present invention is to provide the biodegradable plastic that a kind of biological degradability is good and application performance is good.
Second purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of biodegradable plastic.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the alkyl fatty ester that gathers that employing can be degraded is a basic raw material, adds organic matter, processes biodegradable plastic through special process.This biodegradable plastic can be degraded into water, carbonic acid gas and organic matter by several water bacterias, can not pollute environment.Specifically this biodegradable plastic is a raw material with thermoplastic starch, biodegradable polymers and complementary composition, processes through spiral extrusion equipment and membrane equipment.
According to one aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of biodegradable plastic, comprise:
The thermoplastic starch of 5-70% (weight);
The biodegradable polymers of 15-40% (weight);
The USP Kosher of 3-20% (weight);
The terepthaloyl moietie of 2-10% (weight);
According to another aspect of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of method for preparing biodegradable plastic, this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) can biological explanation polymkeric substance, USP Kosher, terepthaloyl moietie and water adds successively in the high-speed mixer and stirred 10-25 minute, is mixed into uniform miscible body.
(2) thermoplastic starch, USP Kosher, terepthaloyl moietie and water are added in the high-speed mixer successively stirred 10-25 minute, be mixed into uniform miscible body.
(3) through volume pump and weight-loss metering feeder the miscible body that step (1), (2) obtain is added in the twin screw extruder, carry out mixing with extrude.Concrete step is that the feeding zone of this mixture in twin screw extruder, melt blending district, blend shear zone, blend mediate that district, plasticizing advance district and supercharging to extrude in the district and are transferred respectively, disperse, converge, heating and melting, shearing are pulverized, extruding kneading, graft-blending, row are waved, thickening and supercharging output.Wherein the temperature of feeding zone is controlled at 90-145 ℃; The temperature in melt blending district is controlled at 125-175 ℃; The temperature of blend shear zone is controlled at 135-180 ℃; The temperature that the district is mediated in blend is controlled at 130-180 ℃, and plasticizing advances the temperature in district to be controlled at 105-175 ℃, and the temperature that the district is extruded in supercharging is controlled at 115-185 ℃.The material bar of partly extruding through die head makes the biodegradable plastic particle through water-cooled, air-cooled with dicing machine.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows; This biodegradable plastic production process is that the raw material blend makes starch plastic with starch, polyhydroxyalkanoate; Owing to all contain the high density hydroxyl in the raw material, can form inierpeneirating network structure, good flowability is arranged; So plastics of the present invention have good intensity, softness, gloss, gas barrier property, oil-proof composition property, heat sealability is all very superior.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of biodegradable plastic, comprising:
The thermoplastic starch of 5-70% (weight);
The biodegradable polymers of 15-40% (weight);
The USP Kosher of 3-20% (weight);
The terepthaloyl moietie of 2-10% (weight);
According to the present invention, described thermoplastic starch is a fineness greater than 100 general industry starch, comprises W-Gum, yam starch, sweet potato starch and tapioca(flour), and treated starch.
According to the present invention, described biodegradable polymers is a polyhydroxyalkanoate.
Biodegradable plastic of the present invention has following strong point:
(a) be easy to machine-shaping: with general-purpose plastics processing units blown film, technology is easy to control, and the preparation method is simple, flexible, and machine-shaping property is good.
(b) good mechanical property: physical and mechanical properties is close with various corresponding plastics.
(c) degradation property is good: because the thermoplastic starch powder content is high and other degradable additives ratio are big, biodegradable performance is very superior.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention relates to a kind of method for preparing biodegradable plastic, this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) biodegradable polymers, USP Kosher, terepthaloyl moietie and water are added in the high-speed mixer successively stirred 10-25 minute, be mixed into uniform miscible body.
(2) thermoplastic starch, USP Kosher, terepthaloyl moietie and water are added in the high-speed mixer successively stirred 10-25 minute, be mixed into uniform miscible body.
(3) through volume pump and weight-loss metering feeder the miscible body that step (1), (2) obtain is added in the twin screw extruder, carry out mixing with extrude.Concrete step is that the feeding zone of this mixture in twin screw extruder, melt blending district, blend shear zone, blend mediate that district, plasticizing advance district and supercharging to extrude in the district and are transferred respectively, disperse, converge, heating and melting, shearing are pulverized, extruding kneading, graft-blending, row are waved, thickening and supercharging output.Wherein the temperature of feeding zone is controlled at 90-145 ℃; The temperature in melt blending district is controlled at 125-175 ℃; The temperature of blend shear zone is controlled at 135-180 ℃; The temperature that the district is mediated in blend is controlled at 130-180 ℃, and plasticizing advances the temperature in district to be controlled at 105-175 ℃, and the temperature that the district is extruded in supercharging is controlled at 115-185 ℃.The material bar of partly extruding through die head makes the biodegradable plastic particle through water-cooled, air-cooled with dicing machine.
According to the inventive method, described thermoplastic starch is a fineness greater than 100 general industry starch, comprises W-Gum, yam starch, sweet potato starch and tapioca(flour), and treated starch.
According to the inventive method, described biodegradable polymers is a polyhydroxyalkanoate.
Below will describe the present invention in detail through embodiment.
Embodiment
By following formulation biodegradable plastic compsn
Composition consumption (gram)
Thermoplastic starch 50
Polyhydroxyalkanoate 20.4
USP Kosher 12
Terepthaloyl moietie 7.6
Water 10
Amount to 100
Thermoplastic starch and polyhydroxyalkanoate are put into impeller with USP Kosher, terepthaloyl moietie and water respectively; Evenly stir the back and form 2 parts of different miscible bodies; With volume pump and weight-loss metering feeder 2 parts of miscible bodies are added in the twin screw extruders again, carry out mixing with extrude.The twin screw extruder rotating speed is 120-560rpm; Moment of torsion is 450-3600Nm, and control is respectively distinguished temperature and is: the temperature of feeding zone is controlled at 90-145 ℃, and the temperature in melt blending district is controlled at 125-175 ℃; The temperature of blend shear zone is controlled at 135-180 ℃; The temperature that the district is mediated in blend is controlled at 130-180 ℃, and plasticizing advances the temperature in district to be controlled at 105-175 ℃, and the temperature that the district is extruded in supercharging is controlled at 115-185 ℃.The material bar of partly extruding through die head makes light yellow translucent particle to white through water-cooled, air-cooled with dicing machine, and its various performances marks are listed in table one.
Table one
Study of Biodegradation of Common experiment of the present invention
Supply test agent: the plastics film that the embodiment of the invention 1 is prepared.
A, be exposed to the degraded test on the face of land
Degrade after 50 days, plastics film breaks down into bulk, the big 12.4 * 10cm that is about
2, the little 5.4 * 3.4cm that is about
2, intensity reduces by 75% approximately.
Degrade after 90 days, plastics film becomes fragment not of uniform size, the big 2.4 * 1.6cm that is about
2, the little 0.5 * 0.4cm that is about
2, intensity is very weak can't to be detected.
Degrade after 120 days, chip size changes little, but becomes thinner, and have gentle hands gently firmly will be cleaved into littler fragment.
B, imbed the degraded test at 7cm place in the soil
Degrade after 90 days, plastics film surface crumple is degraded into hole not of uniform size by the water bacteria in the soil, big about 14 * 11mm
2, little like pinprick.
Degrade after 120 days, pore quantity increases, big about 25 * 8mm
2, little of pinprick, and many 1mm are arranged
2About hole.
Degrade after 150 days, pore quantity increases, big about 20 * 8mm
2, and local hole continuously appears.
Can find out that by above each item test biodegradable plastic of the present invention has good natural degradation effect.
Claims (6)
1. biodegradable plastic comprises:
The thermoplastic starch of 5-70% (weight);
The biodegradable polymers of 15-40% (weight);
The USP Kosher of 3-20% (weight);
The terepthaloyl moietie of 2-10% (weight).
2. biodegradable plastic as claimed in claim 1, wherein said thermoplastic starch are fineness greater than 100 general industry starch, comprise W-Gum, yam starch, sweet potato starch and tapioca(flour), and treated starch.
3. biodegradable plastic as claimed in claim 1, wherein said biodegradable polymers are polyhydroxyalkanoate.
4. the preparation method of biodegradable plastic may further comprise the steps:
(1) can biological explanation polymkeric substance, USP Kosher, terepthaloyl moietie and water adds successively in the high-speed mixer and stirred 10-25 minute, is mixed into uniform miscible body.
(2) thermoplastic starch, USP Kosher, terepthaloyl moietie and water are added in the high-speed mixer successively stirred 10-25 minute, be mixed into uniform miscible body.
(3) through volume pump and weight-loss metering feeder the miscible body that step (1), (2) obtain is added in the twin screw extruder, carry out mixing with extrude.Concrete step is that the feeding zone of this mixture in twin screw extruder, melt blending district, blend shear zone, blend mediate that district, plasticizing advance district and supercharging to extrude in the district and are transferred respectively, disperse, converge, heating and melting, shearing are pulverized, extruding kneading, graft-blending, row are waved, thickening and supercharging output.Wherein the temperature of feeding zone is controlled at 90-145 ℃; The temperature in melt blending district is controlled at 125-175 ℃; The temperature of blend shear zone is controlled at 135-180 ℃; The temperature that the district is mediated in blend is controlled at 130-180 ℃, and plasticizing advances the temperature in district to be controlled at 105-175 ℃, and the temperature that the district is extruded in supercharging is controlled at 115-185 ℃.The material bar of partly extruding through die head makes the biodegradable plastic particle through water-cooled, air-cooled with dicing machine.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, wherein said thermoplastic starch are fineness greater than 100 general industry starch, comprise W-Gum, yam starch, sweet potato starch and tapioca(flour), and treated starch.
6. method as claimed in claim 4, wherein said biodegradable polymers are polyhydroxyalkanoate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102711673A CN102382330A (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2010-08-26 | Biodegradable plastic and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102711673A CN102382330A (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2010-08-26 | Biodegradable plastic and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102382330A true CN102382330A (en) | 2012-03-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2010102711673A Pending CN102382330A (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2010-08-26 | Biodegradable plastic and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113637235A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-11-12 | 上海经海纬象生物材料有限公司 | Full-biodegradable starch material and preparation method thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1123803A (en) * | 1994-08-08 | 1996-06-05 | 诺瓦蒙特股份公司 | Biodegradable foamed plastic materials |
| JPH08245836A (en) * | 1995-03-08 | 1996-09-24 | Chisso Corp | Easily degradable composition |
| CN1091118C (en) * | 1996-06-20 | 2002-09-18 | 生物技术生物学自然包装两合公司 | Biodegradable material essentially comprising or based on thermoplastic starch |
| CN101240086A (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2008-08-13 | 上海悦仕生物材料有限公司 | Total-biodegradation plastic film and preparation method thereof |
| CN101759968A (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2010-06-30 | 林存革 | Biodegradable film and preparation method thereof |
-
2010
- 2010-08-26 CN CN2010102711673A patent/CN102382330A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1123803A (en) * | 1994-08-08 | 1996-06-05 | 诺瓦蒙特股份公司 | Biodegradable foamed plastic materials |
| JPH08245836A (en) * | 1995-03-08 | 1996-09-24 | Chisso Corp | Easily degradable composition |
| CN1091118C (en) * | 1996-06-20 | 2002-09-18 | 生物技术生物学自然包装两合公司 | Biodegradable material essentially comprising or based on thermoplastic starch |
| CN101240086A (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2008-08-13 | 上海悦仕生物材料有限公司 | Total-biodegradation plastic film and preparation method thereof |
| CN101759968A (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2010-06-30 | 林存革 | Biodegradable film and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113637235A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-11-12 | 上海经海纬象生物材料有限公司 | Full-biodegradable starch material and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120321 |