CN102369307B - 用于制造太阳能电池的设备 - Google Patents
用于制造太阳能电池的设备 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102369307B CN102369307B CN201080009813.7A CN201080009813A CN102369307B CN 102369307 B CN102369307 B CN 102369307B CN 201080009813 A CN201080009813 A CN 201080009813A CN 102369307 B CN102369307 B CN 102369307B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004613 CdTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020776 SixNy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F71/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices covered by this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45563—Gas nozzles
- C23C16/45578—Elongated nozzles, tubes with holes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/4412—Details relating to the exhausts, e.g. pumps, filters, scrubbers, particle traps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45544—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the apparatus
- C23C16/45546—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the apparatus specially adapted for a substrate stack in the ALD reactor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45544—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the apparatus
- C23C16/45548—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the apparatus having arrangements for gas injection at different locations of the reactor for each ALD half-reaction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F10/00—Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F71/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F71/137—Batch treatment of the devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Drying Of Semiconductors (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (13)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15594809P | 2009-02-27 | 2009-02-27 | |
US61/155,948 | 2009-02-27 | ||
US12/711,838 | 2010-02-24 | ||
US12/711,838 US9068263B2 (en) | 2009-02-27 | 2010-02-24 | Apparatus for manufacture of solar cells |
PCT/US2010/025518 WO2010099392A1 (en) | 2009-02-27 | 2010-02-26 | Apparatus for manufacture of solar cells |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN102369307A CN102369307A (zh) | 2012-03-07 |
CN102369307B true CN102369307B (zh) | 2014-03-19 |
Family
ID=42665922
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201080009813.7A Active CN102369307B (zh) | 2009-02-27 | 2010-02-26 | 用于制造太阳能电池的设备 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9068263B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2401415B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2012519237A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20110138222A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102369307B (zh) |
SG (1) | SG173877A1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI538242B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2010099392A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9068263B2 (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2015-06-30 | Sandvik Thermal Process, Inc. | Apparatus for manufacture of solar cells |
WO2012151410A1 (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2012-11-08 | Sandvik Thermal Process, Inc | Novel doping process for solar cell manufacture |
DE102015004430B4 (de) * | 2015-04-02 | 2017-01-05 | Centrotherm Photovoltaics Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Plasmabehandlung von Wafern |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1878889A (zh) * | 2003-09-24 | 2006-12-13 | 阿维扎技术公司 | 具有交叉流衬套的热处理系统 |
Family Cites Families (40)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4062318A (en) * | 1976-11-19 | 1977-12-13 | Rca Corporation | Apparatus for chemical vapor deposition |
JPS54103750U (zh) * | 1977-12-29 | 1979-07-21 | ||
JPS54103750A (en) | 1978-02-01 | 1979-08-15 | Toyo Giken Kougiyou Kk | Liquid draining method and apparatus in plating istallation |
US4401689A (en) * | 1980-01-31 | 1983-08-30 | Rca Corporation | Radiation heated reactor process for chemical vapor deposition on substrates |
GB2129018B (en) * | 1982-08-30 | 1986-01-29 | Ricoh Kk | Vacuum evaporation apparatus |
US4573431A (en) * | 1983-11-16 | 1986-03-04 | Btu Engineering Corporation | Modular V-CVD diffusion furnace |
US4499853A (en) * | 1983-12-09 | 1985-02-19 | Rca Corporation | Distributor tube for CVD reactor |
JPS60257129A (ja) | 1984-06-04 | 1985-12-18 | Hitachi Ltd | 膜形成装置 |
JPS6335776A (ja) | 1986-07-30 | 1988-02-16 | Matsushita Electronics Corp | 気相化学蒸着装置 |
JPS6448426A (en) * | 1987-08-19 | 1989-02-22 | Tel Sagami Ltd | High-pressure oxidizing furnace |
EP0308946B1 (en) * | 1987-09-22 | 1993-11-24 | Nec Corporation | Chemical vapor deposition apparatus for obtaining high quality epitaxial layer with uniform film thickness |
US4854266A (en) * | 1987-11-02 | 1989-08-08 | Btu Engineering Corporation | Cross-flow diffusion furnace |
KR960012876B1 (ko) * | 1988-06-16 | 1996-09-25 | 도오교오 에레구토론 사가미 가부시끼가이샤 | 열처리 장치 |
US5228114A (en) * | 1990-10-30 | 1993-07-13 | Tokyo Electron Sagami Limited | Heat-treating apparatus with batch scheme having improved heat controlling capability |
JP2998903B2 (ja) * | 1990-11-14 | 2000-01-17 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 熱処理装置 |
JP2839720B2 (ja) * | 1990-12-19 | 1998-12-16 | 株式会社東芝 | 熱処理装置 |
US5383984A (en) * | 1992-06-17 | 1995-01-24 | Tokyo Electron Limited | Plasma processing apparatus etching tunnel-type |
JPH06349761A (ja) | 1993-06-03 | 1994-12-22 | Kokusai Electric Co Ltd | 半導体製造装置用ガス供給ノズル及び半導体製造装置 |
US5441570A (en) * | 1993-06-22 | 1995-08-15 | Jein Technics Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for low pressure chemical vapor deposition |
US5591268A (en) * | 1994-10-14 | 1997-01-07 | Fujitsu Limited | Plasma process with radicals |
JP3373990B2 (ja) * | 1995-10-30 | 2003-02-04 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 成膜装置及びその方法 |
JPH1048426A (ja) * | 1996-08-07 | 1998-02-20 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 面状光源と棒状光源 |
US5994675A (en) * | 1997-03-07 | 1999-11-30 | Semitool, Inc. | Semiconductor processing furnace heating control system |
US6135053A (en) * | 1997-07-16 | 2000-10-24 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Apparatus for forming a deposited film by plasma chemical vapor deposition |
US6352593B1 (en) * | 1997-08-11 | 2002-03-05 | Torrex Equipment Corp. | Mini-batch process chamber |
EP1019953A1 (de) | 1997-09-30 | 2000-07-19 | Infineon Technologies AG | Verfahren zum thermischen ausheilen von durch implantation dotierten siliziumcarbid-halbleitern |
JP4045689B2 (ja) | 1999-04-14 | 2008-02-13 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 熱処理装置 |
JP2001274107A (ja) * | 2000-03-28 | 2001-10-05 | Nec Kyushu Ltd | 拡散炉 |
KR100757552B1 (ko) * | 2000-07-25 | 2007-09-10 | 동경 엘렉트론 주식회사 | 열처리장치, 열처리방법 및 기록매체 |
JP4276813B2 (ja) * | 2002-03-26 | 2009-06-10 | 株式会社日立国際電気 | 熱処理装置および半導体製造方法 |
US20050098107A1 (en) | 2003-09-24 | 2005-05-12 | Du Bois Dale R. | Thermal processing system with cross-flow liner |
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JP5117856B2 (ja) * | 2005-08-05 | 2013-01-16 | 株式会社日立国際電気 | 基板処理装置、冷却ガス供給ノズルおよび半導体装置の製造方法 |
US20080210168A1 (en) | 2007-01-18 | 2008-09-04 | May Su | Single chamber, multiple tube high efficiency vertical furnace system |
JP5217663B2 (ja) * | 2008-06-11 | 2013-06-19 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 被処理体の熱処理装置及び熱処理方法 |
JP5088331B2 (ja) * | 2009-01-26 | 2012-12-05 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | 熱処理装置用の構成部品及び熱処理装置 |
US9068263B2 (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2015-06-30 | Sandvik Thermal Process, Inc. | Apparatus for manufacture of solar cells |
JP5734081B2 (ja) * | 2010-10-18 | 2015-06-10 | 株式会社日立国際電気 | 基板処理装置、基板処理装置の温度制御方法、及び基板処理装置の加熱方法 |
-
2010
- 2010-02-24 US US12/711,838 patent/US9068263B2/en active Active
- 2010-02-26 WO PCT/US2010/025518 patent/WO2010099392A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-02-26 TW TW099105723A patent/TWI538242B/zh active
- 2010-02-26 JP JP2011552177A patent/JP2012519237A/ja not_active Ceased
- 2010-02-26 EP EP10746880.3A patent/EP2401415B1/en active Active
- 2010-02-26 SG SG2011061967A patent/SG173877A1/en unknown
- 2010-02-26 KR KR1020117022399A patent/KR20110138222A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-02-26 CN CN201080009813.7A patent/CN102369307B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1878889A (zh) * | 2003-09-24 | 2006-12-13 | 阿维扎技术公司 | 具有交叉流衬套的热处理系统 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102369307A (zh) | 2012-03-07 |
US9068263B2 (en) | 2015-06-30 |
EP2401415A1 (en) | 2012-01-04 |
EP2401415B1 (en) | 2019-11-20 |
JP2012519237A (ja) | 2012-08-23 |
WO2010099392A1 (en) | 2010-09-02 |
TWI538242B (zh) | 2016-06-11 |
US20100218725A1 (en) | 2010-09-02 |
EP2401415A4 (en) | 2017-01-04 |
KR20110138222A (ko) | 2011-12-26 |
TW201044624A (en) | 2010-12-16 |
SG173877A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 |
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Address after: California, USA Patentee after: Cantel thermal transmission Co.,Ltd. Address before: California, USA Patentee before: Sandvik Thermal Process, Inc. |
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Address after: North Carolina, USA Patentee after: Cantel thermal transmission Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: U.S.A. Address before: California, USA Patentee before: Cantel thermal transmission Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: U.S.A. |
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