CN102357045B - Hollow abutment capable of connecting with interior of dental implant - Google Patents
Hollow abutment capable of connecting with interior of dental implant Download PDFInfo
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- CN102357045B CN102357045B CN 201110216732 CN201110216732A CN102357045B CN 102357045 B CN102357045 B CN 102357045B CN 201110216732 CN201110216732 CN 201110216732 CN 201110216732 A CN201110216732 A CN 201110216732A CN 102357045 B CN102357045 B CN 102357045B
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- 239000004053 dental implant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 210000004195 gingiva Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000004872 soft tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000003296 saliva Anatomy 0.000 description 3
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- 208000037408 Device failure Diseases 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种与牙种植体内连接的中空基台，其修复部分段(1)的上部为向下渐大的圆台，下部为拐角呈弧形的正八棱柱(1A)；中间过渡段(2)为凸出的、侧面为弧形的、向下渐小的圆台，且表面涂覆载银TiO2抗菌涂层；植体插入段(3)上部为向下渐小的斜度为10～12°的圆台，且在圆台表面上设有环形沟槽(3B)，环形沟槽(3B)中嵌有硅橡胶垫圈(3C)；下部为拐角呈弧形的正八棱柱(3A)。该基台抗微动损伤性能好、封闭性好、抗腐蚀性强、抗菌性能好、牙龈成型功能好，使用寿命长。
The invention discloses a hollow abutment connected with a dental implant. The upper part of the restoration section (1) is a round platform gradually increasing downward, and the lower part is a regular octagonal prism (1A) with arc-shaped corners; the middle transition section ( 2) It is a convex circular platform with curved sides and tapering downwards, and the surface is coated with silver-loaded TiO 2 antibacterial coating; the upper part of the implant insertion section (3) has a slope of 10 tapering downwards. ~12° circular platform, and an annular groove (3B) is provided on the surface of the circular platform, and a silicone rubber gasket (3C) is embedded in the annular groove (3B); the lower part is a regular octagonal prism (3A) with curved corners. The abutment has good anti-fretting damage performance, good sealing performance, strong corrosion resistance, good antibacterial performance, good gingiva forming function, and long service life.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种用于口腔修复的牙种植体基台。The invention relates to a dental implant abutment for oral restoration.
技术背景 technical background
随着骨整合理论的发展完善和数十年的临床实践，牙种植已成为口腔牙缺失的重点修复技术之一，与传统的活动义齿、固定义齿修复方式相比，牙种植具有美观、舒适度高、咀嚼功能更强等优势。尽管近期研究表明牙种植体的五年成功率可达96.1％。但是随着服役时间的进一步延长，牙种植体的远期成功率却有进一步降低的趋势，国外16年随访成功率报道为82.94％，国内11～15年的随访成功率报道为62.5％。在众多牙种植体失败病例中，牙种植体与基台的连接松动等失效现象较为常见，因此，牙种植体与基台的连接的防松对策，已成为进一步提高牙种植体远期成功率的关键技术问题。With the development and perfection of osseointegration theory and decades of clinical practice, dental implant has become one of the key restoration techniques for oral tooth loss. Compared with traditional removable dentures and fixed denture restoration methods, dental implant has aesthetics and comfort. Higher, stronger chewing function and other advantages. Although recent studies have shown that dental implants have a five-year success rate of 96.1%. However, with the further extension of service time, the long-term success rate of dental implants has a tendency to further decrease. The success rate of 16-year follow-up in foreign countries is 82.94%, and the success rate of 11-15 years in China is 62.5%. In many dental implant failure cases, failure phenomena such as loose connection between the dental implant and the abutment are relatively common. Therefore, the anti-loosening countermeasures for the connection between the dental implant and the abutment have become a way to further improve the long-term success rate of dental implants. key technical issues.
基台是种植义齿中传导咬合力的主要结构，目前常用的基台为与牙种植体内连接的中空基台。中空基台上部的圆台形的修复部分段与种植义齿的上部结构(义齿暴露于口腔的部分)的内腔紧密连接；下部插入种植体的内腔而形成接触面，并由中央螺丝穿过基台的中空部分与种植体下部的内螺纹连接。The abutment is the main structure that transmits the occlusal force in the implant denture. The commonly used abutment is the hollow abutment connected with the dental implant. The frustum-shaped prosthetic segment on the upper part of the hollow abutment is closely connected with the inner cavity of the upper structure of the implant denture (the part of the denture exposed to the oral cavity); the lower part is inserted into the inner cavity of the implant to form a contact surface, and the central screw passes through the base. The hollow part of the platform is connected with the inner thread of the lower part of the implant.
在咀嚼过程中，种植义齿作为牙齿替代体承受着不同大小、方向及种类的周期性交变载荷，“基台-上部结构”连接界面、“基台-种植体”接触界面“近似紧固”，实际上却发生了微小的相对位移，其运动幅值恰恰处于摩擦学中微动的运动幅值范围内。这种微动所带来的损伤可能会引起基台接触面及连接面材料的损失、基台尺寸的变化而导致基台松动，或导致基台裂纹的萌生与扩展而使得基台的疲劳寿命大大降低。During the chewing process, the implant denture, as a tooth substitute, bears periodic alternating loads of different sizes, directions and types, and the "abutment-superstructure" connection interface and the "abutment-implant" contact interface are "approximately fastened". In fact, a small relative displacement has occurred, and its motion amplitude is just within the range of the motion amplitude of the micro-motion in tribology. The damage caused by this kind of fretting may cause the loss of the contact surface of the abutment and the material of the connecting surface, the change of the size of the abutment and the loosening of the abutment, or the initiation and expansion of cracks in the abutment and the fatigue life of the abutment. Greatly reduced.
发明人前期研究表明：微动损伤是导致基台机械失效的重要因素；且连接面及接触面的切向微动损伤最为严重，而径向和复合微动损伤较为轻微。The inventor's previous research shows that fretting damage is an important factor leading to the mechanical failure of the abutment; and the tangential fretting damage of the connection surface and the contact surface is the most serious, while the radial and compound fretting damage are relatively slight.
另外，种植修复中，基台周围的软组织封闭对种植体成功率有很大的影响。要获得良好的软组织封闭，应该提供一个相对无菌的微环境，且有利于细胞黏附的材料表面。而“基台-种植体”的接触界面存在不可避免的微隙，口腔内腐蚀性介质(唾液、微生物等)很容易渗透到此特小缝隙中；手术过程中，基台表面也不可避免的会受到唾液、血液、术中液体等的污染，使其极易受到腐蚀。也降低了基台的使用寿命。In addition, in implant restoration, the soft tissue closure around the abutment has a great influence on the success rate of the implant. To obtain good soft tissue closure, a relatively sterile microenvironment should be provided, and a material surface that is conducive to cell adhesion should be provided. However, there are unavoidable micro-gaps in the contact interface of "abutment-implant", and the corrosive media (saliva, microorganisms, etc.) in the oral cavity can easily penetrate into this extremely small gap; Can be contaminated by saliva, blood, intraoperative fluids, etc., making it highly susceptible to corrosion. It also reduces the service life of the abutment.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种与牙种植体内连接的中空基台，该基台抗微动损伤性能好、封闭性好、抗腐蚀性强、抗菌性能好、牙龈成型功能好，使用寿命长。The object of the present invention is to provide a hollow abutment connected with a dental implant, which has good anti-fretting damage performance, good sealing performance, strong corrosion resistance, good antibacterial performance, good gingiva forming function and long service life.
本发明实现其发明目的，所采用的技术方案是：一种与牙种植体内连接的中空基台，从上至下依次由修复部分段、中间过渡段、植体插入段三段构成，其特征在于：The present invention realizes the purpose of the invention, and the adopted technical scheme is: a hollow abutment connected with the dental implant body, which is composed of three sections, the restoration section, the intermediate transition section, and the implant insertion section from top to bottom, and its characteristics in:
所述的修复部分段的上部为向下渐大的圆台，下部为拐角呈弧形的正八棱柱；The upper part of the repair section is a circular platform that gradually grows downward, and the lower part is a regular octagonal prism with curved corners;
中间过渡段为凸出的、侧面为弧形的、向下渐小的圆台，且表面涂覆载银TiO2抗菌涂层；The middle transition section is a convex, curved side, tapered downward circular platform, and the surface is coated with silver-loaded TiO 2 antibacterial coating;
植体插入段的上部为向下渐小的斜度为10～12°的圆台，且在圆台表面上设有环形沟槽，环形沟槽中嵌有硅橡胶垫圈；植体插入段的下部为拐角呈弧形的正八棱柱。The upper part of the implant insertion section is a circular platform with a slope of 10-12° that gradually decreases downward, and an annular groove is arranged on the surface of the circular platform, and a silicone rubber gasket is embedded in the annular groove; the lower part of the implant insertion section is A regular octagonal prism with curved corners.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:
一、对于与口腔软组织接触的中间过渡段，在其表面涂覆载银TiO2抗菌涂层，可以创造并维持基台周围的相对无菌环境，抗菌性好，有利于基台周围上皮细胞顺利附着完成软组织封闭。1. For the intermediate transition section in contact with oral soft tissues, silver-loaded TiO 2 antibacterial coating can be applied on the surface, which can create and maintain a relatively sterile environment around the abutment. Attachment completes soft tissue closure.
二、基台修复部分段与种植义齿的上部结构内腔连接的下部及植体插入段与种植体内腔的接触处，均采用了拐角呈弧形的正八棱柱。正八棱柱使基台既具有抗旋转作用，基台与上部结构及种植体之间连接更稳固，不易松动；弧形的拐角又避免了线角的存在、避免了基台受力时易产生的应力集中，同时弧面面积替代了部分平面面积，将切向微动转变为复合微动，有效减少了微动损伤。2. The lower part of the abutment restoration part connected to the inner cavity of the upper structure of the implant and the contact between the implant insertion segment and the inner cavity of the implant adopt a regular octagonal prism with curved corners. The regular octagonal prism makes the abutment have anti-rotation effect, and the connection between the abutment and the superstructure and the implant is more stable and not easy to loosen; the arc-shaped corners avoid the existence of line angles and avoid the abutment that is easy to occur when the force is applied. Stress is concentrated, and at the same time, the arc surface area replaces part of the plane area, transforming tangential fretting into compound fretting, effectively reducing fretting damage.
三、基台的植体插入段上部为向下渐小的斜度为10-12°的圆台，从而通过中央螺丝将基台向下与植入体内腔连接时，二者能形成更紧密、更稳固的连接。实验证明，其拧松扭矩超过拧紧扭矩85％；该接触界面的显微空隙小于10um。接触界面的空隙小，还使其具有良好的封闭作用，能避免口腔内腐蚀性介质(唾液、微生物等)渗透到基台-种植体接触界面中；且该圆台表面上设置嵌有硅橡胶垫圈的环形沟槽，能进一步减少细菌的渗入，进一步提高“基台-种植体”界面的封闭性、抗菌性和抗腐蚀性。3. The upper part of the implant insertion section of the abutment is a round platform with a slope of 10-12° that gradually decreases downwards, so that when the abutment is connected downwards to the implant cavity through the central screw, the two can form a tighter, A stronger connection. Experiments have shown that the unscrewing torque exceeds the tightening torque by 85%; the microscopic gap of the contact interface is less than 10um. The gap of the contact interface is small, which also makes it have a good sealing effect, which can prevent the corrosive media (saliva, microorganisms, etc.) in the oral cavity from penetrating into the abutment-implant contact interface; The annular groove can further reduce the infiltration of bacteria, and further improve the sealing, antibacterial and corrosion resistance of the "abutment-implant" interface.
上述的基台内腔上，与中央螺丝的螺帽下表面相配合的部位为倾斜30°的圆台面。On the inner cavity of the above-mentioned abutment, the part that matches the lower surface of the nut of the central screw is a circular table surface inclined at 30°.
这样，使用螺帽下表面为30°倾斜面的中央螺丝，可避免基台内腔的该配合面与基台内腔的中央螺丝螺杆配合面形成直角拐角，减少拐角处的应力集中。同时增大了该配合面的受力面积，能够承受更大的拧紧扭矩，使基台与植入体的连接更加牢固。In this way, using the central screw with a 30° inclined surface on the lower surface of the nut can prevent the mating surface of the inner cavity of the abutment from forming a right-angled corner with the mating surface of the central screw of the inner cavity of the abutment, reducing stress concentration at the corner. At the same time, the stress-bearing area of the matching surface is increased, which can withstand a larger tightening torque, so that the connection between the abutment and the implant is more firm.
上述的修复部分段的正八棱柱和植体插入段的正八棱柱拐角处的弧形的曲率半径均等于所在的正八边形截面的边长的
这样，可最好的兼顾平面部分的抗旋转作用和弧面部分的减轻应力集中及微动损伤的作用。In this way, the anti-rotation effect of the plane part and the effect of mitigating stress concentration and fretting damage of the arcuate part can be best taken into account.
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例的立体结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
图2为本发明实施例的中空基台通过中央螺丝与种植体相连后的半剖视结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a half-sectional schematic diagram of the hollow abutment connected to the implant through a central screw according to the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
实施例Example
图1、图2示出，本发明的一种具体实施方式是，一种与牙种植体内连接的中空基台，从上至下依次由修复部分段1、中间过渡段2、植体插入段3三段构成。其中：Figures 1 and 2 show that a specific embodiment of the present invention is a hollow abutment connected to a dental implant, which consists of a prosthetic section 1, a
所述的修复部分段1的上部为向下渐大的圆台，下部为拐角呈弧形的正八棱柱1A；The upper part of the repair section 1 is a circular platform that gradually grows downward, and the lower part is a regular
中间过渡段2为凸出的、侧面为弧形的、向下渐小的圆台，且表面涂覆载银TiO2抗菌涂层；The
植体插入段3的上部为向下渐小的斜度为10～12°的圆台，且在圆台表面上设有，环形沟槽3B中嵌有硅橡胶垫圈3C；植体插入段3的下部为拐角呈弧形的正八棱柱3A。The upper part of the
本例的基台内腔上，与中央螺丝4的螺帽下表面相配合的部位1C为倾斜30°的圆台面。修复部分段1的正八棱柱1A和植体插入段3的正八棱柱3A拐角处的弧形的曲率半径均等于所在的正八边形截面的边长的
图2还示出，为本发明的中空基台通过中央螺丝4与能与种植体5形成牢固、紧密的连接。FIG. 2 also shows that the hollow abutment of the present invention can form a firm and tight connection with the
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| CN103263303A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2013-08-28 | 大连三生科技发展有限公司 | Dental implant device |
| CN103263304A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2013-08-28 | 大连三生科技发展有限公司 | Dental implant abutment |
| CN107496980A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-12-22 | 上海市徐汇区牙病防治所 | A kind of surface modifying method of base station |
| CN109567983B (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2020-12-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | Trumpet implant and method of implantation |
| CN117717427A (en) * | 2024-02-18 | 2024-03-19 | 首都医科大学宣武医院 | Oral implant system |
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| DE102009002947B4 (en) * | 2008-12-12 | 2012-02-02 | Mehrhof Implant Technologies Gmbh | dental implant |
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| CN2587370Y (en) * | 2002-12-10 | 2003-11-26 | 中国人民解放军第四军医大学口腔医学院 | Novel self-tapping and self-positioning implanting teeth body |
| CN101048113A (en) * | 2004-08-31 | 2007-10-03 | 牙科显象有限责任公司 | Dental implant system and method for the implantation and construction of the implant system |
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