CN102355057A - Computer monitoring method for microgrid system - Google Patents
Computer monitoring method for microgrid system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/388—Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/10—The dispersed energy generation being of fossil origin, e.g. diesel generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/40—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation wherein a plurality of decentralised, dispersed or local energy generation technologies are operated simultaneously
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
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Abstract
本发明提出一种适用微电网系统计算机监控方法，能够为含有风力发电、光伏发电、微型燃气轮机等分布式电源和储能单元的微电网系统提供监视与控制功能。该监控方法可以对整个微电网内设备运行状态进行监视，还可以根据当前微电网系统运行情况与外界应用请求制定相应的优化控制策略，针对分布式电源出力的特点，采用合理的能量管理优化技术使分布式电源得到最大利用，充分发挥微电网低碳、经济的优势。该监控系统可以根据实际需求分为三层结构和两层结构两种不同模式，监控方案设计更加灵活。
The invention proposes a computer monitoring method suitable for a micro-grid system, which can provide monitoring and control functions for a micro-grid system including distributed power sources such as wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation, and micro gas turbines and energy storage units. This monitoring method can monitor the operation status of the equipment in the entire microgrid, and can also formulate corresponding optimization control strategies according to the current microgrid system operation status and external application requests. According to the characteristics of distributed power output, reasonable energy management optimization technology is adopted. To maximize the use of distributed power and give full play to the advantages of low-carbon and economical micro-grids. The monitoring system can be divided into two different modes of three-layer structure and two-layer structure according to actual needs, and the design of monitoring scheme is more flexible.
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention relates to a kind of computer monitoring method that is applicable to micro-grid system; Can provide for the micro-grid system that contains wind power generation, photovoltaic generation distributed power supply and energy-storage units and keep watch on and controlled function, belong to little electric network synthetic technical field of automation.
Background technology
New century, Renewable Energy Development has become the important behave of problems such as international community reply energy crisis, environmental protection and natural calamity.Distributed power generation is as a kind of important form of renewable energy utilization, at world wide obtained development fast.The extensive access of distributed power generation has brought new problem to the operation and the management of conventional electric power system; And little electrical network can be realized effectively integrating and flexible, intelligent control to distributed power generation; Be to solve be incorporated into the power networks a kind of important techniques means of problem of distributed power generation, obtained common attention in recent years.
Little electrical network is the important part of intelligent grid as a kind of technological means that the close friend who promotes regenerative resource inserts.In recent years; China's energy industry increases the degree of concern of little electrical network day by day; At present existing a plurality of business units have carried out the construction of little electrical network pilot project, and in commercial block, all there is the planning pilot in intelligent residential district, industrial building and remote farming and pastoral area, some projects are built up and put into operation.The variation of scene resource, distributed power source, energy-storage units and power load has higher requirement for the automatically-monitored technology of little electric network synthetic.
Summary of the invention
Little grid monitoring system is kept watch on equipment running status in whole little electrical network; Also will formulate corresponding operation control strategy according to current running situation and extraneous application request; The characteristics of exerting oneself to distributed power source; Adopt reasonable energy management optimization technology that distributed power source is maximized the use, give full play to the advantage of little electrical network low-carbon (LC), economy.
For realizing above-mentioned specification requirement; The present invention adopts technical scheme following: micro-grid system computer monitoring method can provide for the micro-grid system that contains wind power generation, photovoltaic generation, miniature gas turbine distributed power supply and energy-storage units and keep watch on and controlled function.
Method for supervising disclosed by the invention can be kept watch on equipment running status in whole little electrical network; Can also formulate corresponding Optimal Control Strategy according to current micro-grid system ruuning situation and extraneous application request; The characteristics of exerting oneself to distributed power source; Adopt reasonable energy management optimization technology that distributed power source is maximized the use, give full play to the advantage of little electrical network low-carbon (LC), economy.This supervisory control system can be divided into three-decker and two kinds of different modes of double-layer structure according to the actual requirements, and the monitoring scheme design is more flexible.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing patent of the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the little electric network composition figure of typical 400V low-voltage bus bar.
Fig. 2 is three layers of little grid monitoring system exemplary block diagram.
Fig. 3 is two-layer little grid monitoring system exemplary block diagram.
Embodiment
1. explanation of nouns
Distributed power generation typically refers near efficient, the reliable generator unit of generated output several kilowatts of small modular, the distributings to hundreds of megawatts are arranged in the user.Mainly comprise: being internal combustion engine, miniature gas turbine, solar power generation (photovoltaic generation, photo-thermal power generation), wind power generation, biomass power generation of fuel etc. with liquid or gas, is main with photovoltaic generation and wind power generation mainly in China.
Little electrical network is a kind of low-pressure system of being made up of jointly distributed power generation, energy storage and load.The inner power supply of little electrical network is mainly realized the conversion of electric energy by power electronic equipment, and essential control is provided.Little electrical network shows as single autonomous controlled cell with respect to external electrical network, can satisfy the demand of user to the quality of power supply and power supply safety aspect simultaneously.
Energy storage technology mainly contains physics energy storage (like pumped storage, compressed-air energy storage, flywheel energy storage etc.), chemical energy storage (like all kinds of storage batterys, lithium battery, fuel cell, flow battery, ultracapacitor etc.) and electromagnetism energy storage (like superconducting magnetic energy storage etc.) etc.Energy-storage system generally is made up of the two large divisions: energy storage device of being made up of energy-storage travelling wave tube and the electrical network access device of being made up of power electronic device.Energy storage device is mainly realized storage, release or the fast power exchange of energy.The electrical network access device is realized energy bi-directional and the conversion between energy storage device and the electrical network, realizes functions such as power peak regulation, energy source optimization, raising power supply reliability and stability of power system.
Reactive power compensation is called for short reactive power compensation, in electric power system, works to improve the power factor of electrical network, reduces the loss of supply transformer and conveying circuit, improves power supplying efficiency, improves the power supply environment.
The weather environment monitoring function is generally accomplished by miniature weather station, to on-site real-time temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, air pressure, solar radiation amount, sunshine time, rainfall etc. is monitored with the weather environment of little grid generation strong correlation.Little operation of power networks environmental parameters such as photovoltaic module temperature are accomplished by corresponding measurement mechanism.
Active filter (APF) is to utilize to turn-off power electronic device, produce with load current in harmonic component equal and opposite in direction, electric current that phase place is opposite offset the filter of the interior harmonic current that causes by the electronic power conversion device of micro-grid system.
2. the little electric network composition of typical 400V low-voltage bus bar
Fig. 1 is a little electric network composition figure of typical 400V low-voltage bus bar, comprises the distributed power generation unit, energy-storage system, and load, the switch that is incorporated into the power networks, equipment for monitoring power quality, environmental monitoring, supervisory control systems etc. are partly formed.In the typical little electric network composition of 400V low pressure; All distributed power sources, energy storage, reactive-load compensator, customer charge all are connected to low pressure 400V bus; And connect with outside power distribution network through the switch that is incorporated into the power networks, can realize from the net and the taking over seamlessly between the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks.
Structurally, little electrical network can be regarded as by some " branch roads " and forms.Branch road is meant and comprises the physical equipment set that a 400V low pressure inserts switch, a main equipment (photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, general convertor, energy accumulation current converter, load, APF, reactive-load compensator, equipment for monitoring power quality, public interface) and auxiliary device (electric energy meter).Branch road is the logical combination of relevant device, and the proposition of branch road mainly is for equipment logically being divided into groups, being convenient to the monitoring analysis and the application function realization of little electrical network.
Mostly distributed power generation unit in little electrical network is Miniature Power Unit, and they are connected on user side, has characteristics such as cost is low, voltage is low, low emission.It mainly can be divided into two types, and one type is the unit of the distributed power source that inserts through the power electronics interface (< 100kW), like photovoltaic generation; Wind power generation, energy storage device etc., another kind of is slewing; Directly be incorporated into the power networks in a conventional manner, like split shaft miniature gas turbine, diesel engine etc.For the maximum use clean energy resource, photovoltaic generation, wind power generation are generally all worked by the peak power output mode, so its size of exerting oneself is only relevant with resource situation, generally forced partial outage not.In addition, the quality of power supply should satisfy relevant national standard in little electrical network, and active filter and reactive power compensator are set in little electrical network, respectively the quality of power supply and reactive power in little electrical network is reasonably regulated.
Energy storage device in little electrical network is main with energy type battery energy storage device at present, and is in some occasion, in order to satisfy special user's quality of power supply demand, auxiliary with super capacitor, flywheel constant power type energy storage device.When little electrical network was incorporated into the power networks, energy storage device was stabilized photovoltaic, wind power generation goes out fluctuation, regulates little electrical network and site Power Exchange under the control of micro electric network coordination controller or EMS.When the network operation, energy storage device is as from the power-balance unit of net system at little electrical network, remedy to exert oneself in the distributed power generation unit and power load between power difference, keep little power grid operation.Main power source when energy storage device also leaves network operation as little electrical network, voltage when providing system to leave network operation and frequency are in performance voltage and FREQUENCY CONTROL effect in network operation.
Power load in little electrical network is according to its significance level, but it can be divided into cutting load, controllable burden and sensitive load.Sensitive load is had relatively high expectations to the quality of power supply, requires little electrical network that continuous uninterrupted power supply is provided; Controllable burden is accepted control, in the case of necessary can interruption of power supply, and out of service; But cutting load is meant that some to the less demanding load of power supply reliability, can excise at any time.With regard to Fig. 1; Generally speaking; Sensitive load and controllable burden power reguirements are higher; During outside distribution network failure; And the switch that is incorporated into the power networks at place, site can quick acting make important load and Fault Isolation and uninterrupted normal power supply; But and cutting load, system then can be according to the demand of network power balance, when being necessary excision.
The position at little electrical network and place, site is typically chosen in the low-pressure side of distribution transformer or the tie point place of major network and little electrical network.And site place, be provided with equipment for monitoring power quality, guarantee little electrical network and site each item technical indicator satisfy the requirement of correlation technique standard.
Little electrical network electric energy quality monitoring system is made up of the equipment for monitoring power quality that is installed in each branch road, in time collects on the quality of power supply information of each bar branch road and delivers to little grid monitoring system, supplies it to make correct strategy.In view of little electric network composition shown in Figure 1; All devices all is connected in parallel on the same bus, and its voltage levvl is identical, so equipment for monitoring power quality is monitored busbar voltage quality of power supply level at the bus place; On each branch road, the monitoring point is set, monitors the flow through quality of power supply level of electric current of each branch road.Little electrical network electric energy quality monitor is collected little electrical network quality of power supply real time data, on deliver to little grid monitoring system.
3. micro-grid system is monitored demand
The major function of this little grid monitoring system is divided into three parts, data acquisition and monitoring function, operation controlled function and optimal control function.
(1) data acquisition and monitoring function
Main service data collection, service data processing, formula calculating, alarming processing, picture demonstration, curve display, simple control, report printing, clock synchronization, rights management, topology coloring and the web page browsing function of accomplishing little electrical network.
Little electrical network can be regarded as by wind power generation branch road, photovoltaic generation branch road, energy storage branch road, reactive power compensation branch road, load branch circuit, active power filtering branch road, the branch road etc. that is incorporated into the power networks, and all branch roads compile through the 400V bus.The information of all devices all is to deliver to little grid monitoring system in the unit with the branch road, and concrete data are following:
(a) photovoltaic branch road:
Direct current header box/cabinet: battery strings direct voltage, electric current, power, direct current header box busbar voltage, electric current, state;
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter: each inverter DC input voitage, electric current, ac output voltage, electric current, frequency, harmonic wave, clock, inverter state; The interchange cabinet attitude of confluxing;
Prop up circuit-switched data: branch switch state, voltage, electric current, frequency (optional), the current active power of branch road, reactive power, power factor, day energy output, accumulated generation amount, electric energy meter state;
(b) wind-powered electricity generation branch road
Controller of fan: rotor speed, wheel speed, yaw direction is transferred the vane angle degree, output AC voltage, electric current, frequency, current active power, reactive power, the power factor sent, blower fan sends total electric weight, fan condition;
Blower fan inverter: each inverter DC input voitage, electric current, ac output voltage, electric current, frequency, harmonic wave, clock, inverter state; The interchange cabinet attitude of confluxing;
Prop up circuit-switched data: branch switch state, voltage, electric current, frequency (optional), the current active power of branch road, reactive power, power factor, day energy output, accumulated generation amount, electric energy meter state;
(c) energy-storage system branch road
Battery pile: each battery case average voltage and temperature in positive and negative busbar insulation against ground value, battery strings electric current, each battery strings efficient and cycle-index, battery pile charge/discharge electricity amount and residual capacity thereof and active volume, battery strings charge/discharge electricity amount and residual capacity thereof and active volume, the battery strings
Two way convertor: AC side output three-phase voltage, three-phase current, output electric weight, power output, active power of output, the meritorious electric weight of output, output reactive power, output capacity of idle power, AC side power factor, dc voltage, DC side electric current, DC side power, DC side charge volume, DC side discharge capacity, reversible transducer efficient, operating state (opening/stop), operational mode (and from net), running status (discharging and recharging).
Prop up circuit-switched data: branch switch state, voltage, electric current, frequency (optional), the current active power of branch road, reactive power, power factor, day energy output, accumulated generation amount, electric energy meter state;
(d) miniature gas turbine branch road
Miniature gas turbine body: fuel air amount, rotor speed, output voltage, electric current, power factor, power output, generator state, cooling and heating machine air displacement, power output, cooling and heating machine state, fuel gas temperature, combustion machine working temperature;
Two way convertor: each converter DC input voitage, electric current, ac output voltage, electric current, frequency, harmonic wave, clock, converter device state; The interchange cabinet attitude of confluxing;
Prop up circuit-switched data: branch switch state, voltage, electric current, frequency (optional), the current active power of branch road, reactive power, power factor, day energy output, accumulated generation amount, electric energy meter state;
(e) load branch circuit
The load assembly: load side voltage, electric current, power factor, current load, load per hour, every day load, current load prediction value, load condition, each unit state of load point;
Prop up circuit-switched data: branch switch state, voltage, electric current, frequency (optional), the current active power of branch road, reactive power, power factor, day energy output, accumulated generation amount, electric energy meter state;
(f) APF branch road
APF data: electric current total harmonic distortion before the compensation, offset current, compensation after-current total harmonic distortion, compensation after-current effective value, voltage, frequency, power factor;
Prop up circuit-switched data: branch switch state, voltage, electric current, frequency (optional), the current active power of branch road, reactive power, power factor, electric energy meter state;
(g) reactive power compensation branch road
Static Var Compensator: condenser capacity, terminal voltage before the switching state, switching, terminal voltage behind the switching, output current, frequency, power factor, whether automatically control;
Prop up circuit-switched data: branch switch state, voltage, electric current, frequency (optional), the current active power of branch road, reactive power, power factor, electric energy meter state;
(h) and the site branch road
Little grid side: little grid side voltage, electric current, phase angle, frequency, power factor, active power, reactive power;
External power grid side: big grid side voltage, electric current, phase angle, frequency, power factor, active power, reactive power;
Prop up circuit-switched data: the on off state that is incorporated into the power networks, guard mode, the current active power of branch road, reactive power, power factor, electric energy meter state;
(i) environmental monitoring branch road
Circuit-switched data: on-site real-time temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, air pressure, solar radiation amount, sunshine time, photovoltaic module temperature, the state of rainfall and each measuring instrument whether.
(2) operation controlled function
The running status of little electrical network can be divided into and is incorporated into the power networks and leaves two steady operational status of network operation; And/from the net mode switch and the two kinds of transition states of mode switch that leave/are incorporated into the power networks; Also there are two kinds of abnormal operating conditions in little electrical network simultaneously: little electric network fault or inspection travel state, the direct power supply state of the big electrical network of little network load.Operation control comprise little electrical network be incorporated into the power networks operation control, from network operation operation control, and/from the net mode switch and the mode switch that leave/is incorporated into the power networks.
When little electrical network was incorporated into the power networks, the operation control strategy was divided into basic controlling strategy and compound control strategy.The basic controlling strategy comprises active power control, Reactive Power Control, power quality controlling; Compound control strategy can be the combination of basic controlling strategy, also can be to certain operation optimization aim of system.
Little electrical network owing to there is not external electrical network to provide voltage/frequency to support, so need internal unit to coordinate each other, moves according to the voltage/frequency parameter of appointment when network operation.Therefore little electrical network mainly is active power control from network operation control, secondly is Reactive Power Control and power quality controlling.
When little electrical network is incorporated into the power networks; The various service datas of sending in the supervisory control system real-time analysis; When detecting that external electrical network breaks down or when receiving switching command; Supervisory control system is made judgement to current system operation situation; Selected seaming and cutting to change mode or seamless switching mode according to little electrical network from the network operation mode; According to certain sequential control relevant device accomplish little electrical network also/from the network operation mode switch, control little electrical network and get into stable from the network operation state.
When little electrical network leaves network operation; Supervisory control system detects external electrical network ruuning situation in real time; In case external electrical network restores electricity; Little electrical network starts the flow process that is incorporated into the power networks; Start the mode switching program that leave/is incorporated into the power networks after receiving the answer of permission, according to selection is set seaming and cutting die change formula or seamless switching pattern are arranged, by each equipment of mode switching program switching of drafting; Conversion main power source operational mode realizes that little electrical network is incorporated into the power networks smoothly again.
(3) optimal control function
Little network optimization control technology; Take into full account regenerative resource randomness, little operation of power networks stability, energy storage charging and discharging capabilities; Model is set up in combination according to the distributed energy resource system in little electrical network; Select the appropriate control amount; Carry out the coordinated management of polynary energy; Dsm is combined with energy management, select suitable controlled amounts to control.Simultaneously, under the condition of being incorporated into the power networks, little electrical network is accepted the power distribution network scheduling and according to actual conditions little operation of power networks is adjusted.
Optimal control function in little grid monitoring system; After little operation of power networks state is made assessment; Real-time condition and extraneous order according to little electrical network; Confirm a little network optimization operational objective; According to optimization aim Optimum Operating Method is proposed; Provide the operation control strategy according to Optimum Operating Method, and will move control strategy and be handed down to the micro electric network coordination controller and carry out.
4. little power system monitor scheme
In general; Little grid monitoring system structure can be divided into three layers; By the microgrid energy management system; Micro electric network coordination controller, little grid equipment controller are on the spot formed; Under little net capacity situation little, simple in structure; The supervisory control system structure is by the microgrid energy management system, and little grid equipment is the two-layer composition of controller on the spot, and the microgrid energy management system will be accomplished the function of tuning controller and energy-optimised management simultaneously.
(1) three-decker
Three layers of little grid monitoring system typical structure see shown in accompanying drawing 2 left sides that by the microgrid energy management system, micro electric network coordination controller, little grid equipment controller three-decker on the spot constitute.Microgrid energy management system and micro electric network coordination controller adopt Ethernet interface, communicate through 104 stipulations.According to each equipment actual conditions in little electrical network, the micro electric network coordination controller and on the spot the communication mode between the controller comprise RS485, optical fiber, Ethernet etc., and possibly adopt multiple communication protocol.
(a) microgrid energy management system
The microgrid energy management system is accepted dispatching of power netwoks/control command, and the integrated operation control command through each micro electric network coordination controller of computation optimization formation is handed down to the micro electric network coordination controller; Simultaneously each the little electrical network subsystem operation information that send on the collection analysis micro electric network coordination controller is assessed current little operation of power networks state, and can on send the result to the external power grid supervisory control system.
The microgrid energy management system is mainly used in little network optimization scheduling and energy management, shown in Fig. 2 right side.Its major function is to coordinate little operation of power networks, and it is single to make it show as electric external characteristic for main electrical network, but the controllable of flexible dispatching.According to dispatch command, reference distribution formula generator unit is exerted oneself and is predicted and load prediction results, considers current little electrical network actual motion state, according to certain optimization aim, formulates little electrical network subsystem controls strategy.
No matter which kind of stable running status little electrical network is in; The microgrid energy management system all will be under the situation that guarantees system safety stable operation; Utilize distributed power source as much as possible; Coordinate to arrange the distributed power generation unit to be incorporated into the power networks; Make full use of the charge-discharge characteristic of energy storage device; Balanced distribution formula generator unit goes out fluctuation, formulates little electric network reactive-load adjustment scheme, satisfies quality of power supply requirement.
(b) micro electric network coordination controller
The micro electric network coordination controller is the pith of little grid monitoring system; Accomplish the operation control and the mode switch of little electrical network; Under the prerequisite that guarantees little electricity net safety stable; Read the Comprehensive Control curve that the microgrid energy management system issues on time; Convert each device directive to; Assign to each on the spot controller carry out, realize being incorporated into the power networks, off-grid stable operation, and/from net, leave/be incorporated into the power networks take over seamlessly and have seaming and cutting to change.In the process of carrying out microgrid energy management system control strategy; Tuning controller is according to each equipment operation situation of little electrical network; With reference to the distributed power generation unit of self having jurisdiction over exert oneself the prediction and load prediction results, each operational outfit is adjusted, make little operation of power networks reach optimization aim.When carrying out microgrid energy management system control strategy, the micro electric network coordination controller is gathered little real-time power network service data, and reports to the microgrid energy management system.The micro electric network coordination controller can be realized by embedded control system.
(c) little electrical network controller on the spot
Little electrical network controller on the spot is made up of to the monitoring and protection equipment and the distributed power source controller of load and circuit all; Specifically comprise load governor, distributed power generation cell controller, energy storage controller; When little electrical network leaves network operation, little electrical network controller on the spot also will comprise the main power source controller.
The instruction that the micro electric network coordination controller is assigned is accepted and carried out to load governor, drops into the excision load, and load governor will be delivered to tuning controller on the load operation information real-time, supplies its reference.
The distributed power generation cell controller mainly refers to photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter control system, wind electric converter control system, diesel engine control system; Miniature gas turbine current transformer etc.; The distributed power generation cell controller is accepted the instruction that tuning controller issues; Adjust its also control signal of network interface; The transition distributions formula generator unit operational mode and the size of exerting oneself satisfy little real-time power network operation needs.The distributed power generation cell controller is delivered to the micro electric network coordination controller with distributed power generation unit service data on time simultaneously, formulates the operation control strategy for it reference is provided.
The energy storage controller is meant the energy accumulation current converter control system, and the strict micro electric network coordination controller of carrying out of energy storage controller is assigned the instruction curve, discharges and recharges operation, plays and stablizes distributed power generation output, the effect of participation system peak load shifting.Send energy storage device real time execution information to coordinated control system on the controller of energy storage simultaneously, formulate the operation control strategy for it reference is provided.
The present invention adopts principal and subordinate's control strategy when little electrical network leaves network operation, the main power source in the system will move with the voltage/frequency mode, provide little operation of power networks required voltage/frequency parameter.When network operation, tuning controller is assigned correspondent voltage/frequency parameter and is transferred to the execution of main power source controller, stablizes little operation of power networks parameter.The main power source control system is gathered the main power equipment operation information in real time simultaneously, supplies the tuning controller reference.Under the pattern of being incorporated into the power networks; Because the voltage/frequency parameter of little electrical network is determined by external electrical network; Therefore do not need special equipment that the operational factor reference value is provided, so main power source will move the power instruction curve that the executive system controller is assigned by meritorious/idle mode.Main power source controller real-time collecting equipment operation information, on deliver to the micro electric network coordination controller.
(2) double-layer structure
Less at little net capacity; It is formed under the quite simple situation of structure; From practicing thrift the angle of cost, simplification supervisory control system structure; Can not dispose the micro electric network coordination controller separately; But the micro electric network coordination controlled function is incorporated in the microgrid energy management system; By the coordination control of microgrid energy management system and the effect of mode switch function module performance tuning controller; Manage all kinds of distributed power sources, energy storage and load in little electrical network concentratedly; Implement the micro electric network coordination control strategy according to set control strategy, realize the safe operation of little electrical network stable state; In time response higher level dispatch command carries out and from the net mode switch; Automatic from network operation when main electric network fault; Dispatch maintenance with the higher level and communicate by letter, in time uploading system real time execution situation is accepted the major network dispatch command.At this moment little grid monitoring system is then by controller on the spot, and the microgrid energy management system is formed, and except the microgrid energy management system was born the function of tuning controller, the function of controller did not change on the spot.The double-layer structure supervisory control system as shown in Figure 3.
Two-layer little grid monitoring system communication mainly is present in the microgrid energy management system and on the spot between the controller.The front end processor of microgrid energy management system is access network based on ethernet or insert RS485 through terminal server directly, and controller is as adopting other communication modes such as optical fiber on the spot, inserts microgrid energy management system front end processor after need converting Ethernet into.
Claims (1)
1. micro-grid system computer monitoring method is characterized in that,
(a) the microgrid energy management system is accepted dispatching of power netwoks/control command, and the integrated operation control command through each micro electric network coordination controller of computation optimization formation is handed down to the micro electric network coordination controller; Simultaneously each the little electrical network subsystem operation information that send on the collection analysis micro electric network coordination controller is assessed current little operation of power networks state, and can on send the result to the external power grid supervisory control system;
(b) micro electric network coordination controller; Accomplish the operation control and the mode switch of little electrical network; Under the prerequisite that guarantees little electricity net safety stable; Read the Comprehensive Control curve that the microgrid energy management system issues on time; Convert each device directive to; Assign to each on the spot controller carry out, realize being incorporated into the power networks, off-grid stable operation, and/from net, leave/be incorporated into the power networks take over seamlessly and have seaming and cutting to change; In the process of carrying out microgrid energy management system control strategy; Tuning controller is according to each equipment operation situation of little electrical network; With reference to the distributed power generation unit of self having jurisdiction over exert oneself the prediction and load prediction results, each operational outfit is adjusted, make little operation of power networks reach optimization aim; When carrying out microgrid energy management system control strategy, the micro electric network coordination controller is gathered little real-time power network service data, and reports to the microgrid energy management system;
(c) little electrical network on the spot controller form to the load and the monitoring and protection equipment and the distributed power source controller of circuit by all; Comprise load governor, distributed power generation cell controller, energy storage controller; When little electrical network leaves network operation, little electrical network controller on the spot also will comprise the main power source controller;
The instruction that the micro electric network coordination controller is assigned is accepted and carried out to load governor, drops into the excision load, and load governor will be delivered to tuning controller on the load operation information real-time, supplies the tuning controller reference.
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